scholarly journals Morphological descriptors for the characterization of teak clones (Tectona grandis L.f.) in plantations

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. eRC02
Author(s):  
Jorge-L. Reategui-Betancourt ◽  
Daniele Aparecida-A. Arriel ◽  
Sidney-Fernando Caldeira ◽  
Antonio-Rioyei Higa ◽  
Paulo-C. Flôres-Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Morphological Descriptors ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Clonal Test

Aim of study: The objective of this work was to identify possible morphological descriptors for teak clones, in order to support the cultivars protection process of this species.Area of study: This experiment was carried out in ‘São José dos Quatro Marcos’, Mato Grosso, midwest Brazil.Material and methods: A teak clonal test, assessing 18 clones, was evaluated at the ages of 29 and 41 months by means of 41 morphological characteristics, related mainly to the branches, leaves and trunk. The clonal test was established in a randomized block design composed by three blocks, each block containing 18 plots, one for each clone. Each plot had 36 plants, but only the innermost five individuals were selected and evaluated. The information was organized in a presence and absence matrix. Subsequently, genetic similarity measures were estimated, by means of the Jaccard index, and a clustering was performed by the Unweighted Pair Group Method using the Arithmetic averages (UPGMA) method.Main results: A total of 26 and 28 morphological characteristic that exhibited DHS (distinction, homogeneity and stability) were identified at the ages of 29 and 41 months, respectively. Of these, 17 characteristics showed the same behavior at 29 and 41 months of age. However, it is important to emphasize that the evaluation must be performed under the same planting conditions in which these descriptors were developed.Research highlights: These 17 morphological characteristics can compose the list of potential morphological descriptors to be used in the process of teak clones/cultivars protection.Keywords: cultivars protection; morphological characteristics; distinction, homogeneity; stability.

scholarly journals Components of resistance to Olivea neotectonae in Tectona grandis Linn F. as a criterion for selecting promising genotypes

2021 ◽  
pp. 835-841
Author(s):  
Antonio Marcos Chimello ◽  
Jeferson Gonçalves de Jesus ◽  
Suelene Surubi de Melo ◽  
Isabela Vera dos Anjos ◽  
Milson Evaldo Serafim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Linear Unbiased Prediction ◽  
Canonical Variables ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased

The aim of this paper was to identify the best components involving resistance to the O. neotectonae fungus, allowing for adequate selection of promising teak genotypes to explore in improvement programs or for disease management. Thirty different clonal teak genotypes were evaluated in a greenhouse from PROTECA Biotecnologia Florestal. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications and three plants per plot. The following characteristics were evaluated: average latent period, number of pustules per cm2, area below the number of pustules progress curve (ABNPPC), frequency of infection, and number of urediniospores per pustule. The data for the resistance characteristics were submitted to ANOVA and multivariate analysis applying grouping techniques and canonical variables. High genetic variability was observed among the 30 T. grandis genotypes regarding resistance to the O. neotectonae fungus. Both for the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA), the canonical variables method and Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) the genotypes that showed the greatest resistance to the fungus were genotypes 03 and 10

scholarly journals Genetic parameters in a clonal test of Tectona grandis in Mato Grosso, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1417-1424
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Pereira ◽  
Sidney Fernando Caldeira ◽  
Daniele Aparecida Alvarenga Arriel
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Clonal Test ◽  
Moderate Magnitude

Teak (Tectona grandis) is a high-value timber species in tropical regions. In Brazil, although teak has a high productivity, there are few studies related to its genetic improvement. This work aimed to estimate genetic parameters and evaluate potential gains of selection in a clonal test of teak installed in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The experimente is in a randomized block design, with five replications, 3x3 m spacing, 22 treatments, and plots with six individuals. At five years, the genotypes were evaluated for survival (S), tree total height (H) and girth at breast height (GBH). There was significance and feasibility of selection for S and GBH. For H, the result was not significant, indicating few gains with the selection. The genetic parameters of clonal mean heritabilities and accuracy were of moderate magnitude for S and GBH and low for H. To best of our knowledge, this is the first work that estimates genetic parameters in a clonal teak test in the field in Brazil.

scholarly journals Partial diallel and genetic divergence analyses in maize inbred lines

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e53540
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda de Souza Dias Maioli ◽  
Ronald José Barth Pinto ◽  
Tereza Aparecida da Silva ◽  
Diego Ary Rizzardi ◽  
Robson Akira Matsuzaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Partial Diallel

In this study, we aimed to estimate general and specific combining abilities (GCA and SCA, respectively) and to verify genetic divergence (Rogers distance, Unweighted Pair-Group Method Using Arithmetic Average - UPGMA) using microsatellite markers in maize inbred lines. Using a partial diallel scheme, a total of 19 inbred lines were crossed as (9 x 10), which were derived from the single hybrids SG6015 and P30F53, respectively. The 90 hybrids were evaluated in an incomplete randomized block design with common checks and three replications during the 2017-2018 growing season. Flowering time, average plant height, ear height insertion, average ear diameter, ear length, number of lodged and broken plants, mass of 100 grains and grain yield were measured. According to the analysis of variance, GCA, and SCA were significant (p < 0.05) in all the measured traits; inbred line B as well as 1 and 8, derived from the single hybrids SG6015 and P30F53, respectively, were selected due to their higher GCA values in grain yield to be used in crosses as testers, while the single cross hybrid (B x 1) was selected due to their higher SCA value in grain yield to be used in future breeding programs. The molecular marker analysis divided the inbred lines into two groups, where the highest dissimilarity (0.74) was observed between lines A and 9; however, these did not result in a high SCA value, therefore the hybrids obtained by such crossings were not selected for grain yield.

scholarly journals EARLY GROWTH AND SEEDLING MORPHOLOGY OF SPECIES OF Sesbania Scop. (Leguminosae, robinieae)

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Ann Veasey ◽  
Marta Organo Negrão ◽  
Paulo Sodero Martins ◽  
Gerhard Bandel
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Seedling Morphology ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The objective of this study was to characterize 17 accessions of Sesbania, representing S. exasperata, S. grandiflora, S. sesban, S. tetraptera and S. virgata at the seedling stage, and to evaluate the initial development during the first two months after planting. The trial was conducted in a greenhouse in a randomized block design, with 4 replications and 5 plants per plot. The traits recorded were: plant height (PH), from four observations at 15-day intervals, at 17, 32, 47 and 62 days after planting; length of hypocotyl (LH) and epicotyl (LEP); length (LE1) and width (WE1) of the first eophyll; and number of leaflet pairs of the second metaphyll (NLP), evaluated 17 days after planting. Univariate analyses of variance were performed, estimating the genetic parameters: coefficient of genotypic determination (b) and of genetic variation (CVg). Cluster analysis was also obtained, using the average Euclidean distance and Unweighted pair group method of arithmetic average (UPGMA) method. At 17 days after planting, S. exasperata presented the highest PH, followed by S. virgata. At 62 days after planting, S. sesban registered the highest PH. Length of hypocotyl displayed inter but not intraspecific variation. The characters LEP, LE1, WE1 and NLP showed both inter and intraspecific variation. Cluster analysis indicated the existence of 7 groups, separating the species and revealing intraspecific variation as well. The occurrence in low frequencies of two unifoliolate opposite eophylls for some species was observed, as well as bi- or trifoliolate first eophylls for one of the S. sesban accessions. These informations are basic for the selection of traits to be utilized for characterization and differentiation of Sesbania germplasm at the juvenile phase.

scholarly journals IBA EFFICIENCY ON MINI-CUTTING ROOTING FROM TEAK (Tectona grandis Linn F.) CLONES

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-485
Author(s):  
Yorleny Badilla ◽  
Aloisio Xavier ◽  
Olman Murillo ◽  
Haroldo Nogueira de Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Root Biomass ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Genotypic Effect ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate IBA efficiency in mini-cuttings rooting based on four Tectona grandis clones. Vegetative samples were collected in a hydroponic mini-clonal hedge in Verde Novo reforestation company at Colider, Mato Grosso. A factorial arrangement (4 x 6) was utilized, based on Carapá, Ipê, GU5 and TB7 clones vs six IBA dosages (0, 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000 and 16000 mg L-1), in a randomized block design based on three repetitions and 16 mini-cuttings per experimental unit. Cutting evaluations were based on survival and rooting rates after greenhouse conditions, after shadow-house, and at sun exposure, besides, total height, collar diameter, aerial and root biomass were also analyzed. Results registered a 95,4% average survivance rate as well as a 91,8% rooting rate, considered as very high for this tree species. IBA dosages utilization did not produce a significative effect on rooting mini-cuttings from these investigated clones. However, there were different responses among clones, which suggests a genotypic effect.

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY IN ARABICA COFFEE GROWN IN POTASSIUM-CONSTRAINED ENVIRONMENT

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldênia de Melo Moura ◽  
Yaska Janaína Bastos Soares ◽  
Antônio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior ◽  
Paulo César de Lima ◽  
Hermínia Emília Prieto Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Canonical Variables ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Renewable Natural Resource

Potassium is a source of non-renewable natural resource, and is used in large quantities in coffee fertilization through basically imported formulations in the form of potassium chloride. An alternative to make production systems more sustainable would be obtaining cultivars more efficient in the use of this nutrient. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity among 20 cultivars of coffee, in conditions of low availability of potassium to identify the best combinations for composing future populations to be used in breeding programs. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications of nutrient solution. Agronomic characteristics and efficiencies of rooting, absorption, translocation, biomass production and potassium utilization were evaluated. The clustering analysis was based on the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean clustering algorithm (UPGMA) and canonical variables. Variability was observed for most treatments. The multivariate procedures produced similar discrimination of genotypes, with the formation of five groups. Hybridizations between the cultivar Icatu Precoce IAC 3283 with cultivars Catuaí Amarelo IAC 62, Araponga MG1, Caturra Vermelho IAC 477, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15, Rubi MG 1192 and Catucaí 785/15, and between the cultivar Tupi IAC 1669-33 with cultivars Icatu Vermelho IAC 4045, Acaiá Cerrado MG 1474 and Oeiras MG 6851 are the most promising for obtaining segregating populations or heterotic hybrids in breeding programs aiming more efficiency in potassium utilization.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL AND PRODUCTIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF FORAGE CACTUS VARIETIES

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHILIPE LIMA DE AMORIM ◽  
JANAINA AZEVEDO MARTUSCELLO ◽  
JOSÉ TEODORICO DE ARAÚJO FILHO ◽  
DANIEL DE NORONHA FIGUEIREDO VIEIRA DA CUNHA ◽  
LIANA JANK
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Use Efficiency

ABSTRACT: Cultivars of the genus Nopalea are known in Brazil for being tolerant to cochineal carmine attacks, thus making the cultivation of this genus a promising alternative for mitigating the negative effects of this insect on the production of biomass. With the objectives of characterizing morphologically spineless forage cactus varieties and identify morphological characteristics that may be the focus in spineless forage cactus breeding programs, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with 11 treatments and four replications. The variety Alagoas showed the highest values of weight, area and volume of cladodes. The varieties Negro Michoacan F7 and V7, Tamazunchale V12 showed the highest values of the cladode area index, the total volume of cladodes and total fresh mass production. The varieties Negro Michoacan V7 and F7 presented the highest water use efficiency and dry mass yield. Cladode volume showed the highest correlation coefficients with the fresh weight of cladodes. Aiming the release of varieties for biomass production, varieties Negro Michoacan F7, V7 and Tamazunchale V12 may substitute the Miúda variety. The number and cladode area index may be used as criteria for selection of superior varieties in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Okra seedlings production in protected environment, testing substrates and producing fruits in field

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 08-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edilson Costa ◽  
Taynara G de Souza ◽  
Gleciane de L Benteo ◽  
Katiane SS Benett ◽  
Cleiton GS Benett
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
State University ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

The okra grows well in hot weather, finding favorable conditions for development in Brazil. We evaluated the production of okra seedlings and productivity. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, in Aquidauana. In the seedling phase we tested substrates (100% triturated cassava stems, 75% triturated cassava stems and 25% vermiculite, 50% triturated cassava stems and 50% vermiculite, 25% triturated cassava stems and 75% vermiculite and 100% vermiculite). These substrates were placed in two protected environments (nursery with black screen, 50% of shading, and aluminized screen, 50% of shading). Each environment was considered an experiment conducted in completely randomized design with eight replications. After that we realized joint analysis. In the field, a total of 10 treatments generated from combinations of environments and substrates (2 environments x 5 substrates) were distributed in a randomized block design with four replications. The average proportions of cassava stems and vermiculite may be suitable for okra seedlings. The results of shoot and total dry phytomass indicate that the aluminized screen can be recommended for okra seedlings production when the substrate with a 1:1 ratio is used. Seedlings grown on higher percentages of vermiculite anticipate production, while seedlings produced only in cassava stems tend to slow it down. The aluminized screen tends to increase the yield of okra seedlings. Average proportions of vermiculite and cassava stems for seedling production under aluminized screen, provide more fruits and yield of okra in Aquidauana.

scholarly journals DÉFICIT HÍDRICO NAS FASES VEGETATIVA E DE FLORAÇÃO DA PIMENTA ‘TABASCO’ EM AMBIENTE PROTEGIDO

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 561
Author(s):  
Lígia Borges Marinho ◽  
José Antonio Frizzone ◽  
João Batista Tolentino Junior ◽  
Janaína Paulino ◽  
José Monteiro Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Start Up ◽  
E Mail

DÉFICIT HÍDRICO NAS FASES VEGETATIVA E DE FLORAÇÃO DA PIMENTA ‘TABASCO’ EM AMBIENTE PROTEGIDOLÍGIA BORGES MARINHO 1; JOSÉ ANTONIO FRIZZONE2; JOÃO BATISTA TOLENTINO JUNIOR3; JANAÍNA PAULINO4; JOSÉ MONTEIRO SOARES5 E FRANCISCO NOGUEIRA VILAÇA6*Artigo extraído da tese do primeiro autor1 Enga. Agrônoma, Doutora, Profa. Departamento Tecnologia e Ciências Sociais, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, av. Edgard Chastinet, São Geraldo, CEP 48905-680, Juazeiro, BA. Fone (74) 3611-7363. E-mail: [email protected] Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Prof. Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas/Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” USP, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, CEP 13.418-900, Piracicaba/SP, E-mail(s): [email protected];3 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Prof. Campus Curitibanos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, SC. E-mail: [email protected] Enga. Agrícola, Doutora, Profa. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso UFMT, campus Sinop, Avenida Alexandre Ferronato Nº 1.200. Bairro: Setor Industrial. CEP: 78.550-000, Sinop-MT, Email: [email protected] Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Pesquisador EMBRAPA/CPATSA, BR 428, Km 152, Zona Rural, Caixa Postal 23, CEP: 56310-000, Petrolina, PE, E-mail: [email protected] Eng. Agrônomo, Mestre. Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas/Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” USP, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, CEP 13.418-900, Piracicaba/SP, E-mail: [email protected] RESUMOA escassez de recursos hídricos no Brasil tem impulsionado a demanda de manejo de irrigação mais eficiente nas propriedades agrícolas, visando reduzir o consumo de água e tornar o seu uso mais eficiente. O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito do déficit hídrico em diferentes fases do cultivo da pimenteira na eficiência de uso de água, na produtividade e na qualidade da pimenta ‘Tabasco’ cultivada em ambiente protegido, durante os meses de setembro de 2009 a julho de 2010, no município de Piracicaba-SP. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados, com lâminas de irrigação de 40, 60, 80 e 100% da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc), inicializadas nas fases vegetativa e de floração. O déficit de irrigação influenciou a produtividade da pimenta e o mesmo não foi observado para a qualidade física da pimenta. A eficiência do uso da água da pimenta Tabasco não foi influenciada pelo déficit. Entretanto, o déficit hídrico inicializado na fase de floração permitiu economia de água de até 50,1% de água no ciclo de 208 dias após transplantio.Palavras-chave: Estresse hídrico, Capsicum frutescens, produtividade e qualidade do fruto.MARINHO, L. B.; FRIZZONE, J. A.; TOLENTINO JÚNIOR, J. B.; PAULINO, J.; SOARES, J. M.; VILAÇA, F. N.WATER DEFICIT APPLIED IN VEGETATIVE AND FLOWERING STAGE OF ‘TABASCO’ PEPPER IN GREENHOUSE2 ABSTRACTThe scarcity of water resources in Brazil has driven the management of demand for more efficient irrigation in farms in order to reduce water consumption and make its use more efficient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the water deficits’ effect at the vegetative and flowering stages of pepper in water use efficiency, yield and quality of pepper cv. 'Tabasco'(Capsicum frutescens) grown in a greenhouse from September 2009 to July 2010. The experiment was conducted as randomized block design with irrigation levels of 40, 60, 80 and 100% of Crop Evapotranspiration (ETc), beginning at vegetative and flowering stages. There was a significant effect of full and deficits irrigation started at vegetative and flowering stages on the fruit number per plant, and the linear model was the best fitted. The average of mass fruit per plant did not vary with the deficit, not even with the start up times. The deficit irrigation affected pepper productivity, yet it was not observed on the physical quality of fruits. The deficit irrigation (40% ETc) beginning at flowering stage allowed savings of up to 49.8% in water consumption in a cycle of 208 days after transplanting.Keywords: water stress, Capsicum frutescens, productivity and fruit quality.

Development of DNA fingerprinting keys for the identification of radish cultivars

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pradhan ◽  
G. Yan ◽  
J. A. Plummer
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Difference Matrix ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Identification of cultivars is extremely important both for cultivation and breeding of crop plants. Cultivar identification based on morphological characteristics can be difficult and complicated. Polymerase chain reaction technologies, such as random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis, can readily and quickly identify cultivars using seeds and young leaves. Sixty individuals representing 7 radish cultivars were examined for RAPD marker polymorphism. Based on the polymorphism generated, 5 primers were selected, out of the 14��examined, to fingerprint the cultivars. The 5 primers produced a total of 52 fragments, 6 monomorphic and 46�polymorphic fragments, ranging in size from 206 to 2258 base pairs. A total and mean character difference matrix was calculated based on the RAPD data and a dendrogram was constructed using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA). Three DNA fingerprinting keys were developed for the 7 cultivars and 5 markers derived from 3 primers was the minimum required to distinguish cultivars. Results demonstrated that RAPD markers could be effectively used for the identification of radish cultivars.

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