In Vivo Study of the Action of a Topical Anti-Inflammatory Drug In Rat Teeth Submitted To Dental Bleaching

Abstract Bleaching gel containing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) cause damages in pulp tissue. This study investigated the action of a topical anti-inflammatory, the Otosporin®, in rats’ bleached teeth with the null hypothesis of which the Otosporin® is no able to minimize the pulp inflammation that bleaching gel generates. The rat’s molars were divided into groups: BLE: bleached (35% H2O2 concentration /single application of 30 min); BLE-O: bleached followed by Otosporin® (10 min); and control: placebo gel. In the second day after dental bleaching, the rats were killed, and the jaws were processed for hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry analysis for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17. The data collected were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn statistical tests with at a 5% level of significance (p<0.05). The BLE group had moderate to strong inflammation in the occlusal third of the coronary pulp, with necrotic areas; and BLE-O, mild inflammation (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in the occlusal and middle thirds of the coronary pulp between the BLE with BLE-O and control groups (p<0.05). There was no difference in the cervical third (p>0.05). The BLE group had a high immunoexpression of TNF-α than BLE-O and control groups (p<0.05), with moderate and mild immunoexpression, respectively. Regarding IL-6 and IL-17, the BLE group had higher immunoexpression than control (p<0.05); the BLE-O was similar to the control (p>0.05). The topical anti-inflammatory Otosporin® can reduce pulp inflammation after dental bleaching in the rat teeth.

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1997 William J. Stickel Silver Award. The anti-inflammatory action of locally injected ketorolac

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association ◽

10.7547/87507315-87-10-460 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 87 (10) ◽

pp. 460-465 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

JW Brook ◽

A Boike ◽

RL Zema ◽

M Weaver ◽

P Postak

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Inflammatory Process ◽

Local Administration ◽

Ketorolac Tromethamine ◽

Control Groups ◽

Inflammatory Conditions ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

And Control ◽

Inflammatory Action

Locally injected steroids are used to treat inflammatory conditions, in spite of the complications associated with their use. Ketorolac tromethamine, an injectable nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has not previously been evaluated for treatment of musculoskeletal inflammatory conditions via local administration. Eighty Achilles tendons of rabbits were traumatized in a controlled fashion. At the time of trauma, a single dose of ketorolac (1, 3, or 5 mg/kg) or normal saline was administered peritendinously. Three days later, the tendons were harvested and examined histologically to evaluate the degree of inflammation present in the tissue. No statistically significant difference was found between the experimental and control groups. The authors conclude that locally injected ketorolac does not prevent the onset of an inflammatory process.

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Association between adipokines and thyroid carcinoma: a meta-analysis of case-control studies

10.21203/rs.3.rs-20531/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Junyu Zhao ◽

Jing Wen ◽

Shengnan Wang ◽

Jinming Yao ◽

Lin Liao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Clinical Trial Registries ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Abstract Background: The incidence of thyroid carcinoma is increasing all over the world. Some studies have suggested that the change of adipokines expression can induce thyroid carcinoma. However, other studies have come to the opposite conclusion. Therefore, we studied the relationship between adipokines and thyroid carcinoma. Methods: Databases—PubMed, Cochrane Library, SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang, and clinical trial registries were searched. A meta-analysis was performed when heterogeneity analysis show a good homogeneity. Results: Twenty-nine articles were finally included for analysis. The level of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) [standardized mean difference (SMD) =1.31, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.35 to 2.28, I 2 = 98%, P = 0.008] and the ratio of TNF-α immunoreactivity in tissues [odds ratios (OR) =6.36, 95% CI: 1.92 to 21.05, I 2 = 66%， P = 0.002] in thyroid carcinoma are significantly higher than those in control. The serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with thyroid carcinoma is higher than that in control (SMD = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.40 to 1.67, I 2 = 96%, P = 0.001). There is no significant difference of the ratio of IL-6 immunoreactivity in tissues between carcinoma and control (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 0.62 to 2.43, I 2 = 86%, P = 0.55). The ratio of leptin immunoreactivity in tissues is significantly associated with the risk of thyroid carcinoma (OR = 12.21, 95% CI: 3.36 to 44.40, I 2 = 85%, P < 0.00001). However, after analyzing the expression level of serum adiponectin in three studies, no significant difference is found between thyroid carcinoma and the control ( P = 0.81). Conclusions: Adipokines ( TNF-α, IL-6 and leptin ) show a strong relationship between elevated concentrations (in serum and/or tissue) and thyroid carcinoma. However, the association between adiponectin and thyroid carcinoma needs further research.

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Association between adipokines and thyroid carcinoma: a meta-analysis of case-control studies

10.21203/rs.3.rs-20531/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Junyu Zhao ◽

Jing Wen ◽

Shengnan Wang ◽

Jinming Yao ◽

Lin Liao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Clinical Trial Registries ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Abstract Background: The incidence of thyroid carcinoma is increasing all over the world. Some studies have suggested that the change of adipokines expression can induce thyroid carcinoma. However, other studies have come to the opposite conclusion. Therefore, we studied the relationship between adipokines and thyroid carcinoma. Methods: Databases—PubMed, Cochrane Library, SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang, and clinical trial registries were searched. A meta-analysis was then performed through a fixed or random-effects model to calculate I values for heterogeneity analysis. Results: Twenty-nine articles were finally included for analysis. The level of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) [standardized mean difference (SMD) =1.31, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.35 to 2.28, I2 = 98%, P = 0.008] and the ratio of TNF-α immunoreactivity in tissues [odds ratios (OR) =6.36, 95% CI: 1.92 to 21.05, I2 = 66%，P = 0.002] in thyroid carcinoma are significantly higher than those in control. The serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with thyroid carcinoma is higher than that in control (SMD = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.40 to 1.67, I2 = 96%, P = 0.001). There is no significant difference of the ratio of IL-6 immunoreactivity in tissues between carcinoma and control (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 0.62 to 2.43, I2 = 86%, P = 0.55). The ratio of leptin immunoreactivity in tissues is significantly associated with the risk of thyroid carcinoma (OR = 12.21, 95% CI: 3.36 to 44.40, I2 = 85%, P < 0.00001). However, after analyzing the expression level of serum adiponectin in three studies, no significant difference is found between thyroid carcinoma and the control (P = 0.81).Conclusions: Adipokines ( TNF-α, IL-6 and leptin ) show a strong relationship between elevated concentrations (in serum and/or tissue) and thyroid carcinoma. However, the association between adiponectin and thyroid carcinoma needs further research.

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The Effect of Cannabis on the Clinical and Cytokine Profiles in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis International ◽

10.1155/2021/6611897 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Wessam Mustafa ◽

Nadia Elgendy ◽

Samer Salama ◽

Mohamed Jawad ◽

Khaled Eltoukhy

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Control Groups ◽

Serum Cytokines ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bladder Symptoms ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽

And Control

Background. Multiple studies have reported that cannabis administration in multiple sclerosis patients is associated with decreased symptom severity. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of cannabis abuse in multiple sclerosis cases and to evaluate the effect of cannabis on serum cytokines in such cases. Patients and Methods. A total of 150 multiple sclerosis cases along with 150 healthy controls were included during the study period. All cases were subjected to history taking, neurological examination, and routine investigations. Cases were asked about cannabis intake which was confirmed by a urine test. Serum cytokines including IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, IL-22, IFN-γ, IFN-β1, and TNF-α were ordered for all cases and controls. Results. Twenty-eight cases were cannabis abusers (MS/cannabis group, 18.67%). The remaining 122 cases represented the MS group. There was no significant difference between the three groups regarding age, disease duration, or MS type. Male gender was more predominant in the MS/cannabis group, and the number of relapses was significantly lower in the same group. Fifteen cases (53.6%) reported that their symptoms were improved by cannabis. Proinflammatory cytokines were significantly elevated in the MS group compared to the MS/cannabis and control groups. Additionally, anti-inflammatory cytokines had significantly lower values in the MS group compared to the MS/cannabis and control groups. Most clinical symptoms were significantly improved in the MS/cannabis group compared to the MS group apart from sexual dysfunction, bladder symptoms, and visual disturbances. Mild side effects of cannabis were also reported. Conclusion. Cannabis may have a positive impact on the cytokine and clinical profiles in cases with multiple sclerosis.

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Differences between Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Levels and Interleukin-2 Levels in people with schizophrenia who get risperidone drugs in the acute phase of treatment in the Prof. DR. M. Ildrem Psychiatric Hospital, Medan

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2021.6316 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (T3) ◽

pp. 232-236

Author(s):

Muhammad Hasbi ◽

Bahagia Loebis ◽

Vita Camellia ◽

Elmeida Effendy

Keyword(s):

Acute Phase ◽

Interleukin 2 ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Maximum Score ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Minimum Score ◽

Factor Alpha ◽

And Control ◽

Necrosis Factor

Background: We looked for differences between Tumor Necrosis Factor – Alpha and Interleukin-2 levels in people with schizophrenia who got risperidone medication in the acute phase of treatment at Prof.DR.M.Ildrem psychiatric hospital Medan. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study that included 40 subjects. This study is a numerical comparative analytical study not paired with a single measurement with subject retrieval performed in a non-probability sampling method of consecutive sampling type. Results: The analysis test results showed Median levels of TNF-α in the group of people with schizophrenia were obtained at 3.40 with a minimum score of 0.65 and with a maximum score of 43.8 while in the healthy control group the median score of TNF-α levels was 14.75 with a minimum score of 5.18 and a maximum score of 31.1. The average IL-2 level in people with schizophrenia was found at 5.26 with a standard deviation of ±0.987 and at the control was obtained at 3.43 with a standard deviation ± 0.665. Conclusions: There is a significant difference in TNF-α levels between groups of people with schizophrenia who get risperidone 4 mg in the acute phase of treatment and control. There was a significant difference between IL-2 levels between people with schizophrenia who got risperidone 4 mg in the acute phase of treatment and control.

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Infant And Children Feeding Models Assistance Models Using Pocket Book Media On Increasing Knowledge And Weight Increase To Slender Toddlers In The Village Of Merapi

JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KESEHATAN BORNEO ◽

10.30602/jtkb.v2i1.36 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 41-48

Author(s):

Suaebah ◽

Kammisari Dewi ◽

Ayu Rafiony

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Control Group ◽

Average Weight ◽

Control Groups ◽

Under Five ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

Thin nutrition is an acute nutritional problem, as a result of events that occur in a short time such as lack of food intake. The high prevalence of thin underweight nutrition in infants is influenced by three main factors namely poor quality of quantity pangan food consumption as a result of low family food security, poor patterns of foster care and low access to health facilities. The impact of underweight nutrition in infants can reduce intelligence, productivity, creativity, and very influential on the quality of HR. This type of research is a Quasi-Experiment with the design used is pretest-posttest design with control group design. The number of samples for each group of 28 people was taken by purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used parametric statistical tests and non-parametric tests. The results of the analysis of differences in knowledge before and after nutrition education in the two treatment groups there was no significant difference (p = 0.271). For weight gain in children under five given intervention that is the average weight of the pre-test 9.91kg and the average weight of the post-test was 10.13kg with the results of statistical tests showed that there was a significant weight gain (p = 0, 00). The conclusion of this study is that there is no difference between the treatment and control groups for the knowledge of mothers under five and there are differences in the treatment and control groups for toddler weight gain. Parents of toddlers are expected to have more access to information about health through various mass media such as newspapers, magazines, radio and television. In addition, it is also important to get a lot of information by participating in empowering organizations

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EZH2 Might Affect Macrophage Chemotaxis and Anti-Inflammatory Factors by Regulating CCL2 in Dental Pulp Inflammation

Stem Cells International ◽

10.1155/2021/3060480 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Ziqi Hu ◽

Yingyi Chen ◽

Jie He ◽

He Liu ◽

Tianqian Hui

Keyword(s):

Dental Pulp ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Immunofluorescence Staining ◽

Inflammatory Factors ◽

Macrophage Migration ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Inflammatory Genes ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Pulp Inflammation ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Objectives. We aimed to evaluate the effects of Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) on regulation of macrophage migration and expression of anti-inflammatory genes in pulpitis. Methods. Dental pulp inflammation was verified by histology in rat pulpitis model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect changes of the expression of EZH2 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in dental pulp inflammation. The expression of EZH2, CCL2, and cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68: macrophage surface marker) was measured by immunofluorescence staining. The effect of EZH2 on microphage migration was assessed by cell migration assay. The expressions of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukins (IL-4 and IL-10) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in HDPCs which were treated by EZH2 complex, CCL2 complex, and CCL2 antibody were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR). Results. The expression of TNF-α gradually increased in dental pulp inflammation. The expression of EZH2 in dental pulp decreased in 8 hours after LPS stimulation. However, the expression of EZH2 gradually increased in dental pulp after 1 day stimulation by LPS. The results of immunofluorescence staining showed that the expressions of EZH2, CCL2, and CD68 were significantly upregulated in dental pulp inflammation of rats. EZH2 could enhance macrophage migration. And the chemotactic activity of macrophages exposed to supernatants of EZH2-treated HDPCs could be inhibited by CCL2 inhibition. In addition, EZH2 suppressed the expression of anti-inflammatory genes, but CCL2 inhibition reversed the downregulation of anti-inflammatory factors, including IL-4 and TGF-β in HDPCs. Conclusions. EZH2 might affect chemotaxis of macrophages and the expression of anti-inflammatory factors by regulating CCL2. EZH2 plays an important role in the development of dental pulp inflammation, and it might be as a target for treatment of pulpitis.

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Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil as Adjunct Therapy in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences ◽

10.24191/jchs.v1i1.5850 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Nazli Zainuddin ◽

Nurul Azira Mohd Shah ◽

Rosdan Salim

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Side Effects ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Test Group ◽

Nasal Symptom ◽

Control Group ◽

Virgin Coconut Oil ◽

Control Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Introduction: The role of virgin coconut oil in the treatment of allergic rhinitis is controversial. Thus, the aim of the present study is to determine the effects of virgin coconut oil ingestion, in addition to standard medications, on allergic rhinitis. We also studied the side effects of consumption of virgin coconut oil. Methods: Fifty two subjects were equally divided into test and control groups. All subjects received a daily dose of 10mg of loratadine for 28 days. The test group was given 10ml of virgin coconut oil three times a day in addition to loratadine. The symptoms of allergic rhinitis were scored at the beginning and end of the study. Results:, the symptom score were divided into nasal and non-nasal symptom scores. Sneezing score showed a significant difference, however the score was more in control group than test group, indicating that improvement in symptom was more in control group. The rest of the nasal symptom and non-nasal symptom score showed no significant difference between test and control groups. Approximately 58% of the test subjects developed side effects from consumption of virgin coconut oil, mainly gastrointestinal side effects. Conclusion: In the present study, ingestion of virgin coconut oil does not improve the overall and individual symptoms of allergic rhinitis, furthermore it has side effects.

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Stick Figure and Think, Talk And Write: Integrating Media With Teaching Strategy For A Better Writing Competence

IJER (Indonesian Journal of Educational Research) ◽

10.30631/ijer.v2i1.29 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Eva Sudarwati ◽

Shynta Amalia

Keyword(s):

Teaching Strategy ◽

T Test ◽

Narrative Writing ◽

Control Groups ◽

Stick Figure ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Mean Differences ◽

And Control ◽

Writing Competence

Abstract This study attempts to see the effect of Think, Talk, and Write strategy on the students’ narrative writing competence. Considering the importance of the use of teaching media, this study tries to integrate Stick Figure as a teaching media in Think, Talk, and Write Strategy. A quasi experimental study was conducted to see the improvement of the students’ narrative writing competence. It involved 42 students who were selected on the basis of convenience sampling and assigned into two groups; experimental and control groups. The statistical analyses of paired sample t-test in experimental group showed that there was significant improvement on the students’ writing competence before (M=5.77, SD= 2.342) and after (M= 11.79, SD= 2.342), t(21)=12.059, p<0.05.Moreover, the result of independent t-test between experimental and control groups showed a significant difference. It can be seen that the mean differences was 3.79545 and the significance value is lower than 0.05, 0.000<0.05.

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Impact of intrawound vancomycin powder on prevention of surgical site infection after posterior spinal surgery

Journal of Neurosurgery Spine ◽

10.3171/2020.8.spine20992 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Hiroki Ushirozako ◽

Tomohiko Hasegawa ◽

Yu Yamato ◽

Go Yoshida ◽

Tatsuya Yasuda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Propensity Score ◽

Spinal Surgery ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Propensity Score Model ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Surgical Data ◽

Vancomycin Powder ◽

Vancomycin Group ◽

And Control

OBJECTIVESurgical site infection (SSI) after posterior spinal surgery is one of the severe complications that may occur despite administration of prophylactic antibiotics and the use of intraoperative aseptic precautions. The use of intrawound vancomycin powder for SSI prevention is still controversial, with a lack of high-quality and large-scale studies. The purpose of this retrospective study using a propensity score–matched analysis was to clarify whether intrawound vancomycin powder prevents SSI occurrence after spinal surgery.METHODSThe authors analyzed 1261 adult patients who underwent posterior spinal surgery between 2010 and 2018 (mean age 62.3 years; 506 men, 755 women; follow-up period at least 1 year). Baseline and surgical data were assessed. After a preliminary analysis, a propensity score model was established with adjustments for age, sex, type of disease, and previously reported risk factors for SSI. The SSI rates were compared between patients with intrawound vancomycin powder treatment (vancomycin group) and those without (control group).RESULTSIn a preliminary analysis of 1261 unmatched patients (623 patients in the vancomycin group and 638 patients in the control group), there were significant differences between the groups in age (p = 0.041), body mass index (p = 0.013), American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (p < 0.001), malnutrition (p = 0.001), revision status (p < 0.001), use of steroids (p = 0.019), use of anticoagulation (p = 0.033), length of surgery (p = 0.003), estimated blood loss (p < 0.001), and use of instrumentation (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in SSI rates between the vancomycin and control groups (21 SSIs [3.4%] vs 33 SSIs [5.2%]; OR 0.640, 95% CI 0.368–1.111; p = 0.114). Using a one-to-one propensity score–matched analysis, 444 pairs of patients from the vancomycin and control groups were selected. There was no significant difference in the baseline and surgical data, except for height (p = 0.046), between both groups. The C-statistic for the propensity score model was 0.702. In the score-matched analysis, 12 (2.7%) and 24 (5.4%) patients in the vancomycin and control groups, respectively, developed SSIs (OR 0.486, 95% CI 0.243–0.972; p = 0.041). There were no systemic complications related to the use of vancomycin.CONCLUSIONSThe current study showed that intrawound vancomycin powder was useful in reducing the risk of SSI after posterior spinal surgery by half, without adverse events. Intrawound vancomycin powder use is a safe and effective procedure for SSI prevention.

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