MAXILLOFACIAL TRAUMA, ETIOLOGY AND PROFILE OF PATIENTS: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the profile of patients with facial trauma admitted in a hospital located in a metropolitan area of Northeast Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional and exploratory study was performed. A total of 244 cases were in agreement with the eligibility criteria. The variables include the sociodemographic characteristics of patients, etiology, type of trauma, treatment modalities, length of stay in a hospital and quarter of care. Descriptive statistics and Cluster Analysis were performed. Results: The average age of patients was 31.16 years (SD = 15.17 years) and average hospitalization was 6.32 days (SD = 7.75 days). It was verified the automatic formation of four clusters with different profiles of patients. The variables which most contributed to the external differentiation between clusters were: length of stay in a hospital (p <0.001), etiology (p <0.001), type of facial trauma (p <0.001), presence of associated trauma (p <0.001), treatment modalities (p <0.001) and quarter of care (p <0.001). Conclusion: The most of patients were men, victims of traffic accidents, which suffered fracture of zygomatic complex and underwent surgery. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective Study.

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Systemic Monotherapy Treatments for Generalized Pustular Psoriasis: A Systematic Review

Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery ◽

10.1177/1203475418773358 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 591-601 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Linghong Linda Zhou ◽

Jorge R. Georgakopoulos ◽

Arvin Ighani ◽

Jensen Yeung

Keyword(s):

Treatment Options ◽

Treatment Algorithm ◽

Pustular Psoriasis ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Treatment Regimens ◽

Generalized Pustular Psoriasis ◽

Pubmed Search

Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare but serious and difficult to treat cutaneous disease, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Despite the numerous treatment regimens available, the overall quality of evidence-based research is limited with a lack of an algorithmic approach available. In this review, we aim to evaluate the current level of evidence regarding the efficacy and safety/tolerability of systemic monotherapies available in the treatment of GPP. A comprehensive MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed search of clinical studies examining systemic monotherapy treatment options for GPP was conducted. In total, 31 studies met eligibility criteria. Described treatment modalities included retinoids, cyclosporine, biologics, and dapsone. Despite the lack of high-quality evidence or a well-accepted treatment algorithm for GPP, systemic retinoids, cyclosporine, biologics, and dapsone are all possible first-line agents, with retinoids being one of the best-supported treatment options and biologics as an emerging therapeutic field with great potential requiring additional data. However, the final choice of treatment should be considered within the unique context of each patient.

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Homens e acidentes de trânsito e o atendimento pré-hospitalar móvel

Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line ◽

10.5205/1981-8963.2019.239148 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

Author(s):

Carolina De Araújo Sampaio ◽

Darliane Ribeiro da Silva ◽

Flávia Luiza da Silva Almeida ◽

Anderson Reis de Sousa ◽

Thiago Da Silva Santana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traffic Accident ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Prehospital Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

High Rate ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

External Causes ◽

Quantitative Descriptive ◽

Men Victims ◽

Accidentes De Tráfico

Objetivo: caracterizar o atendimento pré-hospitalar prestados a homens vítimas de acidentes de trânsito. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, numa sede do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência, compondo-se a amostra por 2.365 registros de atendimentos documentados em prontuários de homens que sofreram acidentes por causas externas. Apresentaram-se os resultados em tabelas. Resultados: identificou-se um elevado índice de acidentes de trânsito envolvendo motocicletas com homens jovens em idade produtiva, onde a grande maioria dos atendimentos foi realizada por USB e o turno de maior incidência foi o noturno. Conclusão: verificou-se, por meio do estudo, a indispensabilidade de medidas de ações preventivas, educativas e de fiscalização no trânsito por parte de órgãos. Descritores: Masculinidades; Saúde do Homem; Causas Externas; Acidentes de Trânsito Acidente de Tráfego, Traumatismos; Assistência de Ambulatorial.AbstractObjective: to characterize the prehospital care provided to men victims of traffic accidents. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study at a Mobile Emergency Service Headquarters, comprising a sample of 2,365 records of care documented in medical records of men who suffered accidents due to external causes. Results were presented in tables. Results: a high rate of traffic accidents involving motorcycles with young men of productive age was identified, where most of the attendance was performed by BSU and the shift with the highest incidence was nocturnal. Conclusion: it was verified, through the study, the indispensability of preventive, educational and inspection measures in the transit by organs. Descriptors: Masculinities; Human Health; External Causes; Traffic-Accidents. Traffic Accident. Injuries. Ambulatory Care.ResumenObjetivo: caracterizar la atención pre hospitalaria prestada a hombres víctimas de accidentes de tránsito. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, en una sede del Servicio de Atención Móvil de Urgencia, con muestra compuesta por 2.365 registros de atendimientos documentados en prontuarios de hombres que sufrieron accidentes por causas externas. Se presentaron los resultados en tablas. Resultados: se identificó un elevado índice de accidentes de tránsito involucrando motocicletas con hombres jóvenes en edad productiva, donde la gran mayoría de las atenciones fue realizada por USB y el turno de mayor incidencia fue el nocturno. Conclusión: se verificó, por medio del estudio, la indispensable de medidas de acciones preventivas, educativas y de fiscalización en el tránsito por parte de órganos. Descriptores: Masculinidades; Salud del Hombre; Causas Externas; Accidentes de Tráfico Accidente de Tráfico, Traumatismos; Atención Ambulatoria.

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Association Between Diabetic Retinopathy and Periodontitis—A Systematic Review

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2020.550614 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

María Olimpia Paz Alvarenga ◽

Giza Hellen Nonato Miranda ◽

Railson Oliveira Ferreira ◽

Miki Taketomi Saito ◽

Nathália Carolina Fernandes Fagundes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

The Body ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Qualitative Synthesis ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Condition ◽

Grade Approach

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is a common microvascular complication in diabetic patients and is considered the main cause of visual loss worldwide. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition, which compromises dental supporting tissues. The chronic bacterial challenge in periodontitis is a persistent source of inflammatory mediators that may be associated with insulin resistance, increasing the risk of complications of diabetes mellitus. This systematic review aimed to summarize the evidence in the association between diabetic retinopathy and periodontitis.Methods: This review was registered under the number CRD 42019142267. A search strategy in five electronic databases and a gray literature source was performed based on the PECO acronym. After data extraction, the qualitative synthesis and risk of bias analyses were performed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. The level of evidence of all studies taken together was evaluated through the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.Results: Out of the 253 citations screened, five cross-sectional studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the qualitative analysis, in which two were judged to be of good quality, one as fair quality, and two as poor quality. Among the included studies, a significant relationship between the severity of periodontitis (CAL > 5 mm) and the severity of diabetic retinopathy (p < 0.05) was reported by four studies. Also, an association between both diseases in non-obese adults was found after adjustments [OR 2.206 (1.114–4.366); p = 0.0232). However, the analysis of evidence by GRADE assessment was rated as low.Conclusions: Although the results of individual studies suggest an association between diabetic retinopathy and periodontitis, the quality of the body of evidence was judged to be low by the GRADE approach. Further studies with larger sample sizes, adequate models of cofounders' adjustments, and prospective analysis of periodontitis and diabetes conditions ought to be conducted to clarify this association.

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EPIDEMIOLOGY OF VERTEBRAL SPINE FRACTURES IN A HOSPITAL IN SÃO PAULO IN THE TWO-YEAR PERIOD 2017-2018

Coluna/Columna ◽

10.1590/s1808-185120212004250135 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 291-294

Author(s):

Guilherme Henrique Ricardo da Costa ◽

João Victor Bohana e Silva ◽

Pedro Araújo Petersen ◽

Raphael Martus Marcon ◽

Alexandre Fogaça Cristante

Keyword(s):

Traffic Accidents ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Cervical Region ◽

Initial Moment ◽

São Paulo ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Thoracolumbar Region

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the epidemiological profile of patients with spinal fractures over a two-year period (2017 and 2018) in a quaternary hospital in the city of São Paulo. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out through the analysis of the electronic medical records of patients treated by the Spine group of the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology at the Orthopedics and Traumatology Emergency Room of Hospital das Clínicas de São Paulo in the years 2017 and 2018. Results: A total of 185 patients were evaluated over two years. Males were the gender most frequently evaluated (69.19%), and the mean patient age was 43.95 years. The most common trauma mechanisms were falls from a height (45.95%) and traffic accidents (29.73%). The cervical spine, affected in 28.65%, was the most affected region, followed by the thoracolumbar region (26.56%). Most patients did not present deficits at the initial moment (71.89%) and 54.05% of patients underwent surgery for treatment. Conclusion: Most traumas involving the spine affect adults of working age (from 20 to 60 years old), with a predominance of males. Most injuries occurred in the cervical region, which is the region most commonly associated with severe trauma and neurological injuries. This study can help in planning prevention and precaution strategies for spinal trauma. Level of evidence III; Cross-sectional study.

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INCIDENCE OF PEDESTRIAN TRAFFIC INJURY IN SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL, IN 2016

Acta Ortopédica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1413-785220182602185837 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 112-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

RODRIGO TADASHI MARTINES ◽

WASHINGTON GOMES DE ARAUJO ◽

CINTIA LECI RODRIGUES ◽

JANE DE ESTON ARMOND

Keyword(s):

Traffic Accidents ◽

Total Sample ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Social Consequences ◽

São Paulo ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Limb Injuries ◽

The Government ◽

Quantitative Descriptive

ABSTRACT Objective: Globally, more than 1.2 million people die from traffic accidents each year. In order to reduce the rate of traffic accidents and their subsequent social consequences in Sao Paulo, Brazil, the aim of this study was to characterize pedestrian victims of traffic accidents and occurrences. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, quantitative, descriptive and retrospective epidemiological study of 2723 pedestrians injured in traffic accidents during 2016 in Sao Paulo. Results: Of the total sample, 37.3% participants were female and 62.7% male; incidence was highest in the 10-19 year old age group (19.9%) and lower limb injuries were most frequent (28.6%). Of the cases attended in urgent health care units, 75.6% progressed to hospital discharge. Accidents were more frequent in the afternoon (44.6%), and most commonly involved cars (47.2%). Conclusions: This study showed the importance of making detailed records of traffic accidents to guide the government in intensive education efforts to develop a healthy society and respect for traffic regulations, to promote urban improvements involving signage and pavement, and to maintain pre-hospital and hospital care teams in strategic locations to minimize the time elapsed between the accident and care provided to the victim. Level of Evidence II; Retrospective study.

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Facial trauma and background level: a study on the population’s perspective

Revista CEFAC ◽

10.1590/1982-0216/20202223319 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Natália de Castro e Silva Martins ◽

Mirella Pereira Castelo Branco ◽

Luciane Spinelli de Figueirêdo Pessoa ◽

Giorvan Ânderson dos Santos Alves ◽

Luciana Moraes Studart-Pereira

Keyword(s):

Social Life ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Background Level ◽

Facial Trauma ◽

Previous Knowledge ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Margin Of Error ◽

Chi Square Test

ABSTRACT Purpose: to verify the population’s understanding on facial trauma, according to their level of schooling. Methods: an observational, cross-sectional, quantitative, documentary study conducted, based on 852 interviews carried out in two Brazilian state capitals. The association between the levels of schooling and varied knowledge of facial trauma was investigated. The data were analyzed with Pearson’s chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, with a margin of error of 5%. Results: there was a statistically significant association between the participants’ schooling and their understanding on the consequences of trauma in: functions (p = 0.001), mouth mobility (p = 0.005), and dental issues (p = 0.003). In the most affected population, schooling was also associated with youth (p = 0.001) and adults (p = 0.044). Regarding causes, there was association with falls (p = 0.034) and traffic accidents (p = 0.034). There was association with bikers (p = 0.016) and motorcyclists (p = 0.001) as the population with greater propensity. Schooling was associated with all the professionals. Concerning the consequences to the victim’s life, there was association also with general health (p = 0.049), household chores (p = 0.001), and social life (p = 0.001). Recklessness was the only cause with an association (p = 0.004). Schooling was associated with previous knowledge of trauma (p = 0.001). Conclusion: their understanding on the consequences of trauma, most affected population, main causes, professionals involved in the treatment, repercussion for people’s lives, and previous knowledge of the subject increased along with the levels of background.

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Etiology, Patterns And Treatment Modalities For Mandibular Fractures

Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College ◽

10.51985/jbumdc2018021 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 08 (02) ◽

pp. 97-102

Author(s):

Muhammad Asif Shahzad ◽

Momin Ayub Marath ◽

Daud Mirza

Keyword(s):

Teaching Hospital ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Mandibular Fractures ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patients Âgés ◽

Presentation Frequency ◽

Arch Bar

Objective: The objective of current study was to evaluate the etiology, patterns of presentation, frequency and different treatment modalities for mandibular fractures in patients treated at Lahore Medical and Dental College/Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital (LMDC/GTTH). Methodology: This descriptive – cross sectional study was conducted at Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore/Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital (LMDC/GTTH) from March 2015 to September 2017. The current study included one hundred and twelve (112) patients who were indentified having mandibular fractures. Data were collected regarding patient’s age, gender, etiology, site of fracture, patterns and treatment modalities and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: The patients’ ages were between 3 to 55 years (24.87±10.867, mean/SD). The majority of fractures occurred amongst 21-30 years of age group having female to male ratio of 1:5.6. Road traffic accident (RTA) was the most frequent etiological factor for mandibular fractures in 89 (79.47%) of patients, followed by assaults 11(09.82%) and fall 07 (06.25%). A total of 189 fractures were recorded in 112 patients giving a mean of 1.7 fractures per patient. Out of 189 fractures, the parasymphysis was the most prominent site of mandibular fractures(43.39%), followed by condyle (22.75%) and angle (15.87%). The treatment modality of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF/ORIF with IMF) was performed in 88(78.57%) of patients while closed reduction and indirect fixation (IMF with eyelet wiring/arch bar elastics & splint fixation) was done in 24 (21.43%) of patients. Conclusion: As evidenced by the present study, road traffic accidents are the most common cause of mandibular fractures in young adults, mostly due to violation of traffic rules. These findings highlight the need to reinforce legislation for prevention of such injuries both in children and adults

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Epidemiological Characterization of Tibial Plateau Fractures in Five Colombian Clinics

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1222048/v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Juan Reátiga Aguilar ◽

Ximena Rios ◽

Eduardo Gonzalez Edery ◽

Alfredo De La Rosa ◽

Laura Arzuza

Keyword(s):

Traffic Accidents ◽

Tibial Plateau ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Tibial Plateau Fractures ◽

Associated Injuries ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Traumatic Injuries ◽

Schatzker Classification ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Background: Tibial plateau fractures are traumatic injuries with severities ranging from nondisplaced to complicated fractures. This study describes the epidemiological characteristics of patients with tibial plateau fractures treated in five trauma clinics.Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study included 1,165 patients with tibial plateau fractures treated between December 2015 and May 2017. Subjects were selected from the medical records of five institutions based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Age, sex, laterality, fracture type, trauma mechanism, vehicle type, classification, and associated injuries were assessed via univariate and bivariate analyses. Results: In total, 23.3% of patients with tibial fractures treated during the study period had tibial plateau fractures. Of those affected, 73% were men and 50% were younger than 40 years. Furthermore, 95.7% of fractures were caused by traffic accidents, 82.6% of which involved motorcycles. Fractures were closed in 93.1% of cases, and 78% of subjects had associated injuries. The most common fractures, according to Schatzker classification, were type VI (23%) and V (19.1%) fractures.Conclusions: Tibial plateau fractures are frequent injuries in our setting and mostly occur in men in their 30s and 40s. These fractures are typically caused by motorcycle traffic accidents. Level of Evidence: IV

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Classifying Disfluencies in Preschool- and School-Age Spanish–English Bilinguals Who Do Not Stutter: An Exploratory Study

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups ◽

10.1044/2019_persp-19-00164 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 119-130

Author(s):

Raúl Rojas ◽

Farzan Irani

Keyword(s):

Exploratory Study ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Medium Effect ◽

Bilingual Children ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Total Percentage ◽

Narrative Production ◽

Language Measures ◽

Mean Length Of Utterance

Purpose This exploratory study examined the language skills and the type and frequency of disfluencies in the spoken narrative production of Spanish–English bilingual children who do not stutter. Method A cross-sectional sample of 29 bilingual students (16 boys and 13 girls) enrolled in grades prekindergarten through Grade 4 produced a total of 58 narrative retell language samples in English and Spanish. Key outcome measures in each language included the percentage of normal (%ND) and stuttering-like (%SLD) disfluencies, percentage of words in mazes (%MzWds), number of total words, number of different words, and mean length of utterance in words. Results Cross-linguistic, pairwise comparisons revealed significant differences with medium effect sizes for %ND and %MzWds (both lower for English) as well as for number of different words (lower for Spanish). On average, the total percentage of mazed words was higher than 10% in both languages, a pattern driven primarily by %ND; %SLDs were below 1% in both languages. Multiple linear regression models for %ND and %SLD in each language indicated that %MzWds was the primary predictor across languages beyond other language measures and demographic variables. Conclusions The findings extend the evidence base with regard to the frequency and type of disfluencies that can be expected in bilingual children who do not stutter in grades prekindergarten to Grade 4. The data indicate that %MzWds and %ND can similarly index the normal disfluencies of bilingual children during narrative production. The potential clinical implications of the findings from this study are discussed.

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