scholarly journals Biological screening of extracts from leaf and stem bark of Croton floribundus Spreng. (Euphorbiaceae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. F. Barth ◽  
L. S. Pinto ◽  
P. Dileli ◽  
D. C. Biavatti ◽  
Y. L. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biomphalaria Glabrata ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Biological Screening ◽  
Significant Toxicity ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme ◽  
Molluscicidal Activity

Abstract This work describes the preliminary evaluation of cytotoxic, antimicrobial, molluscicidal, antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities from leaf (LECF) and stem bark alcoholic extracts (BECF) of the species Croton floribundus Spreng. (Euphorbiaceae), popularly known as capixingui or tapixingui. BECF presented significant toxicity (LC50 = 89.6 μg/ml) in the Artemia salina Leach, 1819 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) bioassay, whereas LECF did not show activity (LC50 > 1000 μg/ml). From DPPH method, the values of IC50 for the LECF and BECF were 61.2 μg/ml and 62.2 μg/ml, respectively, showing that C. floribundus has an expressive antioxidant activity. Antimicrobial susceptibility was evaluated by microdilution technique and only BECF was active against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 39.6 μg/ml). The extracts did not present molluscicidal activity against snail Biomphalaria glabrata Say, 1818 (Gastropoda: Planorbidae). Both extracts revealed the presence of several components with an inhibiting capacity of acetylcholinesterase enzyme on the bioautographic assay. C. floribundus showed to be a promising species considering that it exhibited good biological activity in the most assays performed.

scholarly journals Molluscicidal activity of 2-hydroxy-[1,4]naphthoquinone and derivatives

2008 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celso A. Camara ◽  
Tania M.S. Silva ◽  
Thiago G. da-Silva ◽  
Rodrigo M. Martins ◽  
Ticiano P. Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Biomphalaria Glabrata ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
World Health ◽  
Significant Toxicity ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Polar Substituents ◽  
Molluscicidal Activity

The toxic profile of lawsone (2-hydroxy-[1,4]naphthoquinone) and a series of [1,4]naphthoquinone derivatives was evaluated against the brine shrimp Artemia salina and against the mollusk Biomphalaria glabrata, the main transmitting vector of schistosomiasis in Brazil. Of the seventeen compounds tested nine fell below the threshold of 100 µg/mL set for potential molluscicidal activity by the World Health Organization. As a general rule derivatives with non-polar substituents presented the highest molluscicidal activities. These substances showed significant toxicity in A. salina lethality bioassay.

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN SENYAWA FLAVONOID PADA KULIT BATANG TUMBUHAN GAYAM (Inocarpus fagiferus Fosb.)

Jurnal Kimia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Made Hany Anastasia ◽  
Sri Rahayu Santi ◽  
Manuntun Manurung
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ammonium Thiocyanate ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Tropical Plant ◽  
Dpph Method

Gayam (Inocarpus fagiferus Fosb) is a tropical plant whose stem bark has been used as traditional medicine. This research aims to identify the flavonoides isolate from stem bark of gayam and identify the class of flavonoids compound as antioxidant. Extraction of 1000 g stem bark powder with 8500 mL of 96 % ethanol to yield 30 g concentrated ethanol extract. Partition of 15 g extract ethanol-water (7:3) with chloroform and n-buthanol to yield 1,5 g concentrated chloroform extract, 5,87 g concentrated n-buthanol extract and 5,63 g concentrated water extract. The flavonoids test using Wilstatter and Bate-Smith Matcalf reagent showed that n-buthanol and water extract contain flavonoids compounds. Antioxidant activity of flavonoids tested with DPPH method and lipid peroxide ammonium thiocyanate method showed that n-buthanol extract had antioxidant activity with IC50 of 24 ppm and n-buthanol extract has ability to inhibit the formation of lipid peroxide with inhibition value of 63,04 %. Separation of n-buthanol extract using thin layer chromatography preparative with chloroform as mobile phase and silica gel GF254 as stationary phase obtained four fractions. Flavonoids test showed that fraction F3 contained flavonoids compounds. FTIR analysis indicated that isolate had functional groups such as  -OH , C=O, C-O alcohol, C=C aromatic, C-H aromatic and C-H aliphatic. UV-vis spectra showed 2 peaks at ? 310 nm  and  261 nm which indicated flavonoids group of  isolfavone with hydroxyl groups at C-5 and  C-7. Antioxidant activity test with DPPH method showed that the isolate had antioxidant activity with IC50 of 1 ppm.

Phytochemical screening and evaluation of antioxidant activity of the stem bark of Anacardium occidentale L. and Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. Gaertn, two medicinal plants from Poro region (Northern of Côte d'Ivoire)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 022-028
Author(s):  
Gboko Abiba Ouattara ◽  
Tiekpa Wawa Justine ◽  
Kamagaté Tidiane ◽  
Boni Ahoussi Pascal ◽  
Kabran Aka Faustin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Anacardium Occidentale ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Vitellaria Paradoxa ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Major Chemical ◽  
Chemical Groups

Anacardium occidentale and Vitellaria paradoxa are two medicinal plants traditionally used by Ivorian, particularly in the treatment of diabetes, arterial hypertension and diarrhea. The objective of this work was to evaluate the phytochemical constituents and the antioxidant activity of the stem barks of A. occidentale L. and V. paradoxa. The stem bark of both plants was used for the aqueous extraction. Major chemical groups were identified using the tube staining method followed by confirmation by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated by DPPH method. The results of phytochemical screening of plant extracts revealed the presence of polyphenols, anthraquinones, tannins, sterols, terpenes and saponins. In addition, the evaluation of the antioxidant activity by spectrophotometry using the DPPH method showed that all extracts had significant and different antioxydant activity compared to the reference molecule (Vitamin C, IC50 = 0.80 ± 0.70 µg/mL) with respective IC50 of 0.42 ± 0.32 µg/mL for V. paradoxa and 0.87 ± 0.77 µg/mL for A. occidentale. V. paradoxa therefore has the best antioxydant activity. These results could explain the therapeutic virtues of A. occidentale and V. paradoxa in the treatment of various pathologies.

scholarly journals Essential oils of the leaves of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels and fruit peels of Hymenaea courbaril (L.) var. courbaril as molluscides against Biomphalaria glabrata

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e1239108215
Author(s):  
Gustavo Oliveira Everton ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Santos Júnior ◽  
Everton Holanda Sales ◽  
Paulo Victor Serra Rosa ◽  
Andressa Almeida Santana Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Biomphalaria Glabrata ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Toxicity Assay ◽  
Hymenaea Courbaril ◽  
Molluscicidal Activity

This study evaluated the molluscicidal activity of essential oils (EOs) of Syzygium cumini L. and Hymenaea courbaril L. Hydrodistillation was used to extract the EOs. The chemical characterization was performed by Gas Chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The bioassay of Artemia salina Leach was used for the toxicity test. The molluscicidal assay tested concentrations of 10-80 mg L-1 of the EOs against Biomphalaria glabrata. The major constituent of The EO of S. cumini was isokaryophyllene and H. courbaril the Germacreno-D. The toxicity assay classified The EOs as nontoxic with LC50 412.10 mg L-1 for S. cumini and LC50 354.80 mg L-1 for H. courbaril. The molluscicidal assay purchased LC50 44.76/ LC90 77.20 for S. cumini and LC50 37.34 mg L-1/ LC90 73.24 mg L-1 for H. courbaril. The results showed that both EOs can be used as natural molluscicides in combating the snail Biomphalaria glabrata.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity and analgesic assessment of Lansium domesticum stem bark infusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
PRATIWI APRIDAMAYANTI ◽  
INARAH FAJRIATY ◽  
ETNI HATITA
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Writhing Test ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lansium Domesticum ◽  
One Way Anova

Apridamayanti P, Fajriaty I, Etni Hatita E. 2018. Antioxidant activity and analgesic assessment of Lansium domesticum stem bark infusion. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 71-75. Langsat (Lansium domesticum Correa) is empirically used as a medicine for fever and pain. This study intended to determine the effectiveness of stem bark infusion of langsat as an antioxidant and analgesic. Antioxidant activity test was performed by DPPH method (2,2 Diphenyl-1-picrilhydrazil), with infusion at concentration of 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 ppm. Absorbance of the sample was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The analgesic test was performed on male Swiss mice by Writhing test using acetic acid 0.6%, CMC-Na induced negative control, Paracetamol 65 mg/kg BW induced positive control, dose I (65 mg/kg BW), dose II (130 mg/kg BW) and dose III (195 mg/kg BW). Data was analyzed using One Way ANOVA in SPSS and the percentage of writhing protection at each dose was calculated. The results of phytochemical metabolites screening of stem bark infusion showed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids/steroids, tannins, phenols and saponins. Antioxidant activity measured by spectrophotometric measurements showed that the antioxidant activity of stem bark infusion was IC50 2820 μg/ml. The percentage of writhing protection on dose I, II, and III was 57.52%, 42.48% and 24.51% respectively, showing a significant difference with negative control at minute 5, 10 and 15 (P <0, 05). There were no significant differences between positive control and dose I, at minute 30 to minute 60 (P> 0,05). The effective dose of stem bark infusion was obtained as an analgesic at dose of 65 mg/kg BW from 30 to 60 minutes.

scholarly journals FITOKIMIA DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG Chisocheton sp. (C.DC) Harms (Meliaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewa Gede Katja
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder dan aktivitas antioksidan dari setiap ekstrak kulit batang Chisocheton sp. C.DC Harms (Meliaceae). Hasil ekstraksi 200 g serbuk kulit batang Chisocheton sp. C.DC Harms (Meliaceae) dengan n-heksana, etil asetat dan metanol masing-masing dengan 2000 mL berturut-turut menghasilkan 7,193 g ekstrak pekat n-heksana, 8,798 g ekstrak pekat etil asetat dan 18,683 g ekstrak pekat metanol. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan adanya golongan senyawa flavonoid, triterpenoid dan tanin. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksana memberikan nilai IC50 sebesar 337,28 µg/mL, ekstrak metanol sebesar 216,73 µg/mL, dan ekstrak etil asetat sebesar 199,89 µg/mL yang berarti etil asetat memiliki kemampuan yang paling besar dalam menangkap radikal bebas.ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was determine the class of secondary metabolite compounds and antioxidant activity of each stem bark extract of Chisocheton sp. C.DC Harms (Meliaceae). The results of the extraction of 200 g Chisocheton sp. C.DC Harms (Meliaceae) with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol with 2000 mL each yielded 7,193 g of concentrated extract n-hexane, 8,798 g of concentrated extract of ethyl acetate and 18,683 g of concentrated methanol extract. Phytochemical test results showed the presence of flavonoid, triterpenoid and tannin compounds. The results of the antioxidant activity test using the DPPH method showed that the n-hexane extract gave an IC50 value of 337,28 µg/mL, methanol extract was 216,73 µg/mL, and ethyl acetate extract was 199,89 µg/mL which means that ethyl acetate has the ability to greatest in capturing free radicals.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Compounds from The Stem Bark of Syzygium samarangense L

Molekul ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Seni Metasari ◽  
Elfita Elfita ◽  
Muharni Muharni ◽  
Heni Yohandini
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Ethnic Community ◽  
Degenerative Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Free Radical Activity

Ogan ethnic community in South Sumatera has been used a decoction of the stem bark of Syzygium samarangense L (locally named “jambu air” in Indonesia) for hypertension medicine. Hypertension is a degenerative disease caused by free radical activity in the body. This study aims to scientifically prove the use of a decoction of the stem bark of S. samarangense so that its use by the Ogan ethnic community can be justified. The research began with fractionation of the stem bark by gradient solvents, and each fraction was tested for antioxidant activity. Isolation of antioxidant compounds from active fractions was carried out by chromatographic techniques. Antioxidant tests on fractions and pure compounds were carried out by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Based on spectroscopic data analysis and by comparing with literature, the pure compounds were identified as quercetin and gallic acid. Both of these compounds have strong antioxidant activity with IC50 quercetin 11.16 and gallic acid 11.43 µg/mL. This research proves that the use of the stem bark of S. samarangense for a degenerative disease by the Ogan ethnic community contains the truth.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from the Inner Bark of Berberis vulgaris Stem

BioResources ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 7958-7969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyyed Khalil Hosseinihashemi ◽  
Hamidreza Anooshei ◽  
Hamed Aghajani ◽  
Mohamed Z. M. Salem
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Berberis Vulgaris ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Antioxidant Agent

Extracts from the inner stem bark of Berberis vulgaris were analyzed for their antioxidant activity using the 1,1-dipheny-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and compared with ascorbic acid (AA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The most active extracts were analyzed for their chemical composition using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Acetone extract was found to be the most active as an antioxidant agent at 98.61%, which was higher than the value of vitamin C (93.03%) at the concentration of 0.16 mg/mL. The major components identified in the acetone extract were tetracosanoic acid, methyl ester (26.36%), followed by phthalic acid, diisooctyl ester (20.93%), 1,2-bis(trimethylsiloxy) ethane (10.26%), and 1,2-benzendicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester (8.70%). The dissolved water:methanol (1:1 v/v) partitioned from acetone extract afforded 12 fractions; among them, fraction F11 was found to have good antioxidant activity (95.41%) at the concentration of 0.16 mg/mL. The major compounds identified in F11 were N-methyl-4-(hydroxybenzyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoloine (28.82%), 9-α-hydroxy-17β-(trimethylsilyl-oxy)-4-anderostene-3-methyloxime (13.97%), ribitol, pentaacetate (9.76%), 1-methyl-4-[4,5-dihydroxyphenyl]-hexahydropyridine (6.83%), and 2-ethylacridine (4.77%).

Antioxidant Assay with Scavenging DPPH Radical of Artocarpus anisophyllus Miq Stem bark extracts and Chemical compositions and Toxicity Evaluation for the Most Active Fraction

2021 ◽  
pp. 2819-2823
Author(s):  
Erwin Erwin ◽  
Djihan Ryn Pratiwi ◽  
Iwan Saputra ◽  
Alimuddin Alimuddin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Active Fraction

The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of crude extract and their fractions, the content of secondary metabolite types of crude extract, and the chemical content and toxicity of the most active fractions as antioxidants from the stem bark of Artocarpus anisophyllus Miq. (Mentawa). The methods used are phytochemical screening, toxicity tests against Artemia salina by the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT), antioxidant activity assay with DPPH radical reduction method, and determination of chemical compound by GC-MS analysis. Phytochemical test results showed that crude extract containing alkaloids, triterpenoids, phenolics and flavonoids. The results of the antioxidant activity of the n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions obtained IC50 values of 127.69, 28.65 and 79.43ppm, respectively. Ethyl acetate (as the most active fraction) was then fractionated using a vacuum chromatography column and the fractions obtained were E1 (268.8mg), E2 (337.1), E3 (234.3mg) and E4 (431.2mg). The antioxidant activity test showed that E2 was the most active compared to other fractions with an IC50 value of 37.24ppm. While the toxicity test results showed that E2 was very active with an LC50 value of 6.23ppm indicating that E2 was also potentially developed as an anticancer drug. Based on GC-MS spectrum analysis, of the several main compounds, four of which are aromatic compounds that have the potential to be developed as antioxidants, namely 2- (Benzyloxy) phenol (phenolic compound) (3.96%) (51),), 1, 2- Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dinonyl ester (2.44%) (52), Linderazulene (2.43%) (30), p-Nonylphenol (2.36%). Some other aromatic minor compounds can also be active as antioxidants.

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