scholarly journals Ameliorative effect of certolizumab on experimentally induced acute necrotic pancreatitis in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-210
Author(s):  
Mehmet Ali Kosekli ◽  
Özkan Herek ◽  
Özlem Ozmen ◽  
Sima Sahinduran
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Necrotic Pancreatitis ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Experimentally Induced

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The effects of Certolizumab, a pegylated monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor α, on experimentally induced acute pancreatitis (AP) were examined. METHODS: Thirty-six Wistar Albino male rats were randomly divided into four groups. Group I was the control group and no medication administered to this group. Group II was the Certolizumab group, and 100 ml/kg serum physiologic administered into the biliopancreatic duct and a single dose of 10 μg Certolizumab was simultaneously administered intraperitoneally. Acute pancreatitis was induced with a retrograde injection of 3% Na taurocholate into the common biliopancreatic duct in the study (Group III) and treatment (Groups IV) groups. Rats were sacrificed 72 hours later. Serum amylase, lipase, lactate dehydrogenase activities, along with pancreatic histopathology, were examined. RESULTS: Certolizumab treatment significantly decreased serum amylase, lipase, and LDH levels; histopathologically edema, hemorrhage, parenchymal necrosis, fat necrosis, and infiltration scores; immunohistochemically MDA, MPO, TNF-α and Caspase-3 activity. CONCLUSION: The results support the idea that certolizumab might be beneficial for the severity of AP.

A Study on the Effect of Samoa Extract (Cleome droserifolia) on Sperm Quality in Male Albino Rats Exposed to Pyrethroid

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Nura I. Al-Zail ◽  
Salah F. Kamies
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Induced Changes

Pyrethroid cyhalothrin (PC) is an insecticide that is used worldwide for pest control in agriculture and household use. Samoa extract (SE) is a potent antioxidant protecting cells from oxidative stress. The present study investigates the protective and therapeutic effect of SE on PC-induced changes in sperm quality in male rats. Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into five groups: group I: served as control; group II: received PC i.p. only (6.2 mg/kg b.wt.); group III: received SE only (100 mg/kg b.wt., p.o.) for eight weeks; group IV: received SE as a protective agent daily for eight weeks, then followed by the administration of PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks; group V: exposed to PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks, then treated with the SE daily for 8 weeks. Results showed that PC caused markedly impaired sperm quality (a count, viability, motility, and abnormality). Compared to PC-treated animals, SE in the protective group markedly restored the alteration of sperm indices. However, SE in the curative group was found to be less effective in restoring PC-induced alterations. In conclusion, the data of this study revealed that the SE as a protective agent is more effective than as a therapeutic agent. Keywords: Samoa; Pyrethroid; Sperm quality; Rat

scholarly journals Assessment the Genotoxic Potential of Fluoxetine and Amitriptyline at Maximum Therapeutic Doses for Four-Week Treatment in Experimental Male Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Imad A. Al-Obaidi ◽  
Nada N. Al-Shawi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Hydrochloride Solution

Abstract At any moment, the continuous usage of medications can accompanied by DNA damage and the accumulation of such damages can cause serious consequences. Antidepressants are long-term used drugs and the incidence of their genotoxic impacts cannot be excluded. Therefore, this work was designed to investigate the possible genotoxic effects of the commonly used antidepressants (fluoxetine and amitriptyline) in adult male rats. Detection of DNA damage in individual cells was assessed by comet and micronucleus assays in three different cell populations i.e. liver, testis and bone marrow tissues of 24 swiss albino adult male rats. The animals were randomly allocated into three groups of 8 rats each: Group I - rats orally-administered distilled water via gavage tube for four weeks as a negative control. Group II - rats orally-treated with fluoxetine hydrochloride solution (7.2mg/kg/day) via gavage tube for four weeks. Group III - rats orally-treated with amitriptyline hydrochloride solution (27mg/kg/day) via gavage tube for four weeks. The results showed that both drugs (Group II and Group III) induced the same extent of DNA damage, as evidenced by a significantly higher DNA fragmentation in liver and testis tissues with increased frequencies of micronuclei formation in bone marrow tissues as compared with the negative control (Group I). These findings indicates that both Fluoxetine and Amitriptyline have genotoxic potentials and can induce the same extent of cytogenetic damage in rats. Special precautions and medical supervision should be taken in consideration with their uses.

scholarly journals Cardioprotective Effect of Ajwa Date Aqueous Extract on Doxorubicin-Induced Toxicity in Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1521-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meaad F. Sabbah ◽  
Fawzia Alshubali ◽  
Othman A. S. Baothman ◽  
Mazin A. Zamzami ◽  
Lobna Shash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cardiac Enzymes ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most potent and widely used chemotherapeutic agents to treat several malignancies. However, the clinical use of DOX is seriously restricted due to its acute and chronic cardiotoxic side effects This study investigated the protective effect of (Ajwa) date aqueous extract (AJDAE) against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Sixty Wister albino male rats (150-200 gms.) were comprised in our study and divided into six equal groups: group I (untreated control), group II, group III, rats were orally received AJDAE (0.75 & 1.5 gm/ kg.bw) respectively, for 4 weeks, rats of groups IV, V and VI were intraperitoneally injected with one dose of doxorubicin (5 mg/kg.bw) at the end of the 4th week of the study to induce cardiotoxicity, rats of groups V & VI were orally received AJDAE (0.75 & 1.5 gm/ kg.bw) respectively. Cardiac enzymes, lipid profile, SOD, GR, GST, GPx, CAT and MDA in rats’ hearts homogenate, urinary 8OHdG as well as DNA integrity and histopathological changes were investigated in all studied rats.Oral administration of AJDAE (0.75 & 1.5 gm/ kg.bw) attenuated the cardiotoxicity of DOX, improved the cardiac enzymes, lipid profile, reduced the urinary 8OHdG and prohibited the depletion of endogenous antioxidants and suppressed lipid peroxidation (MDA). Moreover, AJDAE enhanced DNA integrity. Histological findings showed that AJDAE (0.75 & 1.5 gm/ kg.bw) administration reduced cardiomyocytes alterations, congestion, edema and the intense cellular stress exerted on myocardial fibers as well as restored the cardiomyocytes architecture. Our data showed that AJDAE obviously resulted in protective effects against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rat’s heart. It can be concluded that Ajwa date offers a considerable protection against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.

scholarly journals Selenium supplementation ameliorated paraquat-induced haemotoxicity in male rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Keyword(s):  
Group Iv ◽  
Selenium Supplementation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Group V ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Haematological Changes

Introduction: The study was aimed at determining the haematological changes induced by 7 days paraquat exposure in rats and the ameliorative effect of selenium. Methods: Fifty-two adult male rats weighing between 150g and 200g were used for the study. The animals re randomly divided into five (5) groups of eight (8) rats each viz: Group I (DW) was administered distilled water only (2 ml/kg), group II (P1) was paraquat 15 mg/kg, group III (P1 + S) was paraquat (15 mg/kg) and selenium (0.3 mg/kg) an hour later, group IV (P2) was paraquat 30 mg/kg, while group V (P2 + S) was paraquat (30 mg/kg) and selenium (0.3 mg/kg) an hour later. Treatments were administered per os by gavage once daily for a week. Blood samples were analysed on the last day of administration. Results: The results of the study revealed that there were no significant differences (p >0.05) in haematological parameters in paraquat-induced toxicity in rats. Significance: The result of this research has shown that 7 days paraquat administration at 15 and 30 mg/kg has no detrimental effect on haematological parameters in rats, thus selenium supplementation cannot be justified to ameliorate its effect.

Effect of Visual Experience on Spatial Learning of Rats

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Visual Deprivation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Visual information acquired through observation plays a pivotal role in learning a movement pattern and motor control. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the effect of visual deprivation on learning in rats. Methods: The study sample consisted of 12 male rats, divided into three groups. Group I consisted of four rats and was considered the control group. Transection of the two optic nerves was performed on rats of group II on the seventh day after birth and group III on the seventh week after birth to develop the early blind and late blind models, respectively. A T-shaped maze device was utilized to evaluate the learning behavior of rats. Rats of groups II and III were blinded by the optic nerve surgery. In total, 20 trials per day were conducted for nine consecutive days, in which the time and number of correct arm entries were recorded. The ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were employed to analyze the results in SPSS software (version 16.0). A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was a significant difference between the three groups regarding the number of correct arm entries on days one, three, and seven (P<0.05). There was also a significant difference between the three groups regarding how long it took them to enter the target box on days two and three (P<0.05). Group III had a lower number of entries to the target box and it took them a significantly longer time to enter the target box, compared to the other groups. Conclusion: According to the results, visual deprivation may affect the learning of rats during the early days; however, their learning levels increased over the following days. Moreover, the early blinded rats had a higher level of learning than the lately blinded adult rats and the same level of learning as that of the sighted adult rats.

scholarly journals How do vegetable oils (hazelnut and canola) affect the reproductive system in male rats?

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Bűlent Kati ◽  
Fatih Oguz ◽  
Ismet Yilmaz ◽  
Ender Akdemir ◽  
Ramazan Altintas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Hazelnut Oil ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Serum Hormone ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: Vegetable oils have an important place in our daily diet. This study starts from this point to investigate the effects of canola oil and hazelnut oil in the male reproductive system in rats. Material and methods: 30 male rats were used in this 16-week study. The animals were divided into three groups: the animals in group I served as the control group, while the animals in group II and group III were fed with hazelnut and canola oil, respectively. The testes of all rats were excised for histopathologic evaluation and immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluation with a standard method. Blood samples were obtained for determination of serum hormone levels. Results: No significant differences were noted with respect to behavior or weight among the three groups. Rats in the canola oil group (group III) had higher luteinizing hormone (LH) and higher testosterone levels than rats in the control group. Rats who received hazelnut oil (group II) exhibited similar findings, with these levels being higher than they were in the control group. No statistical differences were shown for histopathology or IHC testosterone antibody levels across all treatment groups. Conclussion: Canola oil was shown to have a greater effect on serum LH and testosterone compared to the control group and the group fed with hazelnut oil. Further investigation is required into how these oils affect serum hormone and sperm activity.

scholarly journals Carvacrol prevents methotrexate-induced renal oxidative injury and renal damage in rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehtap Bozkurt ◽  
Serda Em ◽  
Pelin Oktayoglu ◽  
Gul Turkcu ◽  
Hatice Yuksel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of carvacrol (CAR) on methotrexate (MTX)-induced renal damage in rats. Methods: Twenty-four male rats were equally divided into three groups: group I, control treatment; group II, MTX-treated; and group III, MTX+CAR-treated. A single dose of CAR (73 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to group III on the first day of the experiment and a single dose of MTX (20 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to groups II and III on the second day of the experiment. Blood samples and kidney tissue were obtained from each animal on day 8 for the measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and oxidative stress index (OSI). Light microscopy was used for histopathological examination of kidney specimens. Results: MDA, TOS and OSI levels were significantly greater in the group receiving MTX alone relative to the control animals, while the TAS level was significantly reduced in the MTX group compared with the control group. The administration of CAR was associated with significantly decreased MDA, TOS, and OSI levels and increased TAS levels relative to the rats treated with MTX alone. Animals treated with CAR exhibited decreased tubular degeneration and architectural impairment relative to animals treated with MTX alone; however, the difference in histological scores did not meet the threshold of statistical significance. Conclusions: MTX treatment results in oxidative damage to the rat kidney; damage which is partially abrogated by the administration of CAR.

scholarly journals Biocompatibility of propolis in subcutaneous tissue of rats: a possible biomaterial for cavity cleansing

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mailza Costa De Almeida ◽  
Luiz Carlos De Lima Ferreira ◽  
Gisely Naura Venâncio ◽  
Risonilce Fernandes Silva De Souza ◽  
Emerson Silva Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group I ◽  
Hydroxide Water

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to histopathologically analyze, in subcutaneous connective tissue in rats, a propolis solution for cavity cleansing and its toxicity through hemolytic and Artemia franciscana tests.METHODS: Fifteen male rats were selected and randomly distributed in three experimental periods (07, 30 and 45 days), in which each animal received the four treatment groups in rounds: Group I – Propolis I; Group II – Propolis II; Group III – Calcium Hydroxide Water and Group IV – 2% Chlorexidine; the sides of the tube were the control group. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed, in terms of biocompatibility, that all materials presented a significant reduction of the inflammatory infiltrate and an increase of the thickness in the collagen fibers. It may be suggested, in decreasing order of biocompatibility, the use of following materials: calcium hydroxide-water, 2% chlorexidine, propolis I and propolis II.RESULTS: In the cytotoxicity test using A. franciscana, the propolis extract showed high toxicity when tested at concentrations and in the hemolytic activity test the propolis I extract showed greater activity than propolis II.CONCLUSION: The present study suggests the use of propolis as a cavity cleansing solution for shallow and medium cavities similar to 2% chlorexidine.

Influence of Withania somnifera(L) Dunal Root Extract on Rat Kidney Exposed to Electromagnetic Waves from Mobile Phone: A Histopathological and Antioxidant Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 2147-2154
Author(s):  
Jyothi Lakshmi K ◽  
Sathialekshmi V ◽  
Vinaykumar N
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

This study is about to discover the consequences of 4G mobile phone emission on MDA, anti-oxidants, antioxidant marker, and histo-pathological variations in the kidney of rats.144 male rats were separated into four groups. The Group I is considered as the control group, Group II was subjected to mobile radiation 2400 MHz frequency range for 3 hours/day for the period of 6 months, Group III was as same as Group II but treated with 250 mg/kg aqueous extract of Withania somnifera root (Aq-Wsr) orally for 6 months. Group IV was given 250 mg/kg Aq-Wsr alone for 6 months. The animals were euthanized and the kidneys cells have been evaluated for antioxidant and histo-pathological parameters. Results of the study demonstrated that the LPO were significantly raised (p < 0.05) while SOD, CAT, GSH and GPx were significantly lowered (p < 0.05) in the EMR exposed group when compared to the Group I and Group III. In histo-pathological observation, intertubular congestion, haemorrhage, necrotic changes in cortex and medulla, cast formation within the proximal and distal tubules have  elevated significantly inside the EMR group compared to the control group (p <.05). Contrarily, the total number of glomeruli in the cortex of EMR group of subjects decreased compared to the Control group (p< 0.05). The defensive effects of Aq-Wsr were witnessed within the kidney of Group III rats. From the study, it is very significant to raise open awareness of promising harmful consequences of cell phone radiofrequency EMR exposure.

THE POTENTIAL MODULATORY EFFECT OF RUTIN ON TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES-INDUCED RENAL INJURY IN MALE MICE

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
HEBA A. M. MOUSA
Keyword(s):  
Renal Injury ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Α

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of rutin in management of TiO2NPs-induced renal injury in mice. Methods: Forty male Swiss albino mice were randomly divided into four groups (n=10). Group (I) served as a control group, group (II) received 100 mg/kg body weight (b. wt) of rutin (orally), group (III) received 70 mg/kg b. wt of TiO2NPs,injected intraperitoneally (i. p.), Group (IV) received 70 mg/kg b. wt of TiO2NPs plus 100 mg/kg b. wt of rutin; for 14 successive days. The renal toxicity was determined through evaluating the renal function biomarkers (serum creatinine, urea, and uric acid) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathion (GSH), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF)-α, B-cell lymphoma (BCL)-2 and caspase-3 in renal tissues. Results: Administration of TiO2NPs plus rutin prevented the deleterious effect of TiO2NPs on mice kidneys through improving the renal functions, and alleviating the increase in MDA, NF-kB, TNF-α, and caspase-3 levels, as well as the decrease in GSH andBCL-2 levels, in renal tissues. Conclusion: Taken together, these findings suggested that rutin plays a role in alleviating TiO2NPs-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, and exerts renal protective effects.

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