scholarly journals Essential oils of Tahiti lemon and cinnamon bark in control of storage fungi and the physiological and sanitary quality of beans

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan Paganini Valentini ◽  
Lisandro Tomas da Silva Bonome ◽  
Gabriela Silva Moura ◽  
Diogo José Siqueira ◽  
Yasmin Tomazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Cinnamon Bark ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Seed Health Test ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Vitro Development

ABSTRACT: With the objective to evaluate the efficiency of essential oils of Citrus latifolia (Tahiti lemon) and Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon bark) in the control of plant pathogens Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus sp. and the quality of the bean seeds, two experiments were conducted. In the first one, the effect of essential oils of C. latifolia and C. zeylanicum was evaluated in vitro development of the fungi Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus sp. and, in the second one, the influence of essential oils on the physiological and sanitary quality of bean seeds. The variables mycelial growth, conidial germination and sporulation of Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus sp. were measured in the first experiment, while the seed germination test, first count of germination, germination speed index (GSI) and sanity test of bean seeds were measured in the second. The essential oil (EO) of C. zeylanicum was more efficient than C. latifolia in the control of Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp., but decreased the physiological quality of the beans seeds. The fungal diversity identified in the seed health test was composed by fungi of the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Chaetomium and Rhizopus. The results indicate the potential of the use of these EOs in the seeds treatment.

scholarly journals Sanitary and Physiological Quality of Soybean Seeds Treated With Ozone

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitor O. Rodrigues ◽  
Amanda C. Penido ◽  
Diego de S. Pereira ◽  
Ariadne M. S. Oliveira ◽  
Alan Eduardo S. Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Alternaria Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Gas Efficiency

Widely used, the seeds chemical treatment can cause physiological quality loss due to phytotoxicity that the active principles may cause. In this context, the ozone gas stands out (O3) as efficient agent biocide, however its use in the pathogens control and their effects on the seeds physiological quality are still little studied. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the ozone gas efficiency as a controller agent of plant pathogens and its effect on the physiological quality of soybean seeds. For this, seeds of two soybean cultivars were treated with ozone gas in two concentrations (15 and 25 g/m³) and in five exposure times (0, 20, 40, 60 and 120 minutes). After the treatments, the seeds quality was evaluated by tests of sanity, tetrazolium, first germination count, germination percentage, initial stand, emergence percentage, emergence speed index, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging and enzymatic activity. Six pathogens were found in seeds of soybeans evaluated, namely: Phomopsis sp., Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., Cercospora kikuchi and Alternaria sp. It was concluded that the sanitary treatment with ozone gas reduces the incidence of these fungi and does not compromise the physiological quality of soybean seeds.

scholarly journals Optimal Parameters for in Vitro Development of the Fungus Hydrocarbonoclastic Penicillium sp

2013 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Eugenia Ojeda-Morales ◽  
Miguel Ángel Hernández-Rivera ◽  
José Gabriel Martínez-Vázquez ◽  
Yolanda Córdova-Bautista ◽  
Yuridia Evelin Hernández-Cardeño
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
In Vitro Development ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Vitro Development

scholarly journals Actividad antifúngica de propóleos obtenidos en tres provincias de Cuba sobre hongos contaminantes en cultivo de tejidos vegetales

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
René Dionisio Cupull-Santana ◽  
Remigio Cortés-Rodríguez ◽  
Ervelio Eliseo Olazábal-Manso ◽  
Carlos Alberto Hernández Medina
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

La investigación se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar las características fisicoquímicas y la actividad antifúngica de propóleos de Apis mellifera, provenientes de las provincias de Villa Clara, Cienfuegos y Sancti Spíritus, Cuba. Se utilizó el método de recolección por raspado y se estableció el contenido de cera, ceniza, material insoluble y resina de los propóleos crudos. Además, se evaluó la actividad antimicrobiana in vitro frente a los hongos Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., Trichoderma sp., Colletotrichum sp. y Monilia sp.; los extractos presentaron alta actividad antifúngica en un amplio rango de concentraciones; además, los parámetros fisicoquímicos presentaron valores semejantes y dentro de los establecidos por regulaciones internacionales.

scholarly journals SELEÇÃO IN VITRO DE FUNGOS ENDOFÍTICOS PARA O CONTROLE BIOLÓGICO DE Botrytis cinerea EM Eucalyptus benthamii

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Sbravatti Junior ◽  
Celso Garcia Auer ◽  
Ida Chapaval Pimentel ◽  
Álvaro Figueredo dos Santos ◽  
Bruno Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Forest Nurseries ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Foliar Pathogens

   O Eucalyptus benthamii é uma das principais espécies de eucalipto plantadas na região Sul do Brasil, por sua resistência a geadas e por seu uso na produção florestal de madeira para fins energéticos. Na produção de mudas, uma das principais doenças ocorrentes em viveiros é o mofo-cinzento, causado pelo fungo Botrytis cinerea. Uma das alternativas para o controle dessa doença é o controle biológico com fungos endofíticos, os quais podem competir com os patógenos foliares de mudas de eucalipto. O objetivo deste trabalho foi isolar os fungos endofíticos provenientes de mudas de E. benthamii, identificá-los e selecioná-los para o controle de B. cinerea. Eles foram isolados do interior de tecidos vegetais desinfectados, identificados de acordo com critérios macro e micromorfológicos e classificados a partir de testes de controle biológico in vitro. Os resultados evidenciaram o potencial antagonista dos fungos Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp. e Trichoderma sp. Nenhum desses fungos causou lesões em mudas de E. benthamii.Palavras-chave: Mofo-cinzento; eucalipto; viveiro.AbstractIn vitro selection of endophytes for biological control of Botrytis cinerea in Eucalyptus benthamii. Eucalyptus benthamii is one of the main eucalypt species planted in Southern Brazil, due to its resistance to frost and its use in the production of forest wood for energy purposes. During the production of seedlings, the main disease occurring in forest nurseries is gray-mold caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea. One alternative for control this disease is biological control with fungal endophytes, which can compete with the foliar pathogens of eucalypt seedlings. The objective of this study was to isolate endophytic fungi from seedlings of Eucalyptus benthamii, identify and select them for B. cinerea control. These were isolated from the interior of disinfected plant tissues, identified according to macro and micromorphological criteria, and based on tests of biological control in vitro. The results revealed the potential antagonist of Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp. and Trichoderma sp. No fungi caused lesions in E. benthamii seedlings.Keywords: Gray-mold; eucalypt; nursery.    

scholarly journals Biocidal potential of some organic by-products on sanitary and physiological quality of red and white fava beans seeds

2020 ◽  
pp. 462-468
Author(s):  
Maria Josilene de Oliveira Sousa ◽  
Fernandes Antonio de Almeida ◽  
Maria Lucia Tiburtino Leite ◽  
Wéverson Lima Fonseca ◽  
Kilson Pinheiro Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
Fava Bean ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Fava Beans ◽  
Cassava Wastewater ◽  
Social Importance ◽  
By Products

Fava bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.), is a rustic species and has great adaptability to arid regions of Brazil and stands out for its social importance and high levels of protein. Even so, the culture presents low productivity due to several factors, such as the quality of the seed. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the fungitoxic action of organic products, namely vinasse, cassava wastewater and agave extract, isolated and mixed, for treatment of beans seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized in factorial 8 x 2 (eight byproducts x two seed groups) with five replications. The seeds were evaluated for hysiological and sanitary quality, properly incubated in Petri plates on a triple layer of filter paper, sterilized and moistened with distilled water, where the assessments of the incidence of plant pathogens were performed after 7 days of incubation. Through the results, it is observed that the seeds of red fava bean were the most tolerant to organic products, without compromising the physiological quality. In general, the byproducts have significantly reduced the incidence of fungi identified in red and white fava bean.

scholarly journals Effects of Essential Oils to Control Penicillium Sp. In In Vitro and in In Vivo on Grapevine (Vitis Vinifera L.) Fruit

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (sup2) ◽  
pp. 812-826
Author(s):  
Mehdi Jahani ◽  
Mahdiyeh Beheshti ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Aminifard ◽  
Atefeh Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Penicillium Sp

scholarly journals USING ESSENTIAL OILS TO COMBAT THE THREAT OF MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT BACTERIA, PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenies Grullon ◽  
James P. Mack ◽  
Albert Rojtman
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Cinnamon Bark

<div class="WordSection1"><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The development of antibiotics was a revolutionary scientific discovery and medical advancement that greatly extended the life expectancy of mankind. Through less than 100 y of using antibiotics to treat infectious bacteria, some of these highly adaptive organisms have developed resistance to the drugs. The healthcare field is greatly concerned with the threat of many common infections that have been considered treatable for decades, regaining its ability to be severely fatal; thus, making alternative treatments currently in high demand. This study concentrated on investigating an alternative treatment for a specific gram-negative bacterium, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa)</em>, a resistance-gaining bacteria that commonly infects hospitalized patients with weakened immune systems and/or open wounds.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prior to the age of modern medicine, human beings relied on nature for medicinal treatments. In our research, we focused on determining the <em>in vitro </em>efficacy of using the essential oils, cassia and cinnamon bark, their major component, cinnamaldehyde, as well as the major component of manuka honey, methylglyoxal, as an alternative treatment against <em>P. aeruginosa</em> We tested cassia, cinnamon bark, cinnamaldehyde, and methylglyoxal using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method; the diameter of the zone of inhibition for each treated bacterial sample was measured and compared with the standard antibiotic treatments, tobramycin, and amikacin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study showed that the selected essential oils, cinnamaldehyde, and methylglyoxal were as effective or better in inhibiting the growth of <em>P. aeruginosa </em>compared to the standard aminoglycoside antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The tested essential oils, cinnamaldehyde, and methylglyoxal may be useful as an alternative treatment for infections caused by <em>P. aeruginosa</em> and may also provide communities where antibiotics are not readily available, a cost-effective way to treat this infectious disease.</p></div>

scholarly journals QUALIDADE SANITÁRIA DE SEMENTES DE Caesalpinia ferrea: INCIDÊNCIA DE FUNGOS, CONTROLE E EFEITOS NA QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA COM O USO DE EXTRATOS VEGETAIS

FLORESTA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
José George Ferreira Medeiros ◽  
Aderson Costa Araujo Neto ◽  
Edcarlos Camilo Silva ◽  
Min Fu Nascimento Huang ◽  
Luciana Cordeiro Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Physiological Quality

As sementes são eficientes meios de disseminação e transmissão de patógenos e, frequentemente, introduzem novos focos de infecção em áreas isentas. A utilização de extratos de plantas com propriedades antimicrobianas são alternativas ecológicas e promissoras para substituir a proteção promovida pela aplicação de fungicidas. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito dos extratos de alamanda (Allamanda blanchetti L.) e melão-de-são-caetano (Momordica charantia L.) sobre a micoflora e a germinação de sementes de Caesalpinia ferrea. Para tanto, utilizaram-se lotes de sementes coletados em diferentes municípios paraibanos (Areia, Bananeiras, Conde e Remígio), os quais foram submetidos aos testes de sanidade e de germinação. Os tratamentos fitossanitários consistiram de Testemunha; Fungicida dicarboximida (240 g.100 kg-1) e extratos A. blanchetti e M. charantia nas concentrações de 10, 100, 500 e 1000 ppm. Constataram-se os fungos Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Cladosporium sp., R. stolonifer, Penicillium sp. e Nigrospora sp. nas sementes de C. ferrea. Os extratos de A. blanchetti e M. charantia nas concentrações de 500 e 1000 ppm reduziram a incidência de fungos. As maiores concentrações (500 e 1000 ppm) de ambos os extratos promoveram o aumento no percentual e na velocidade de germinação (IVG), bem como no comprimento das plântulas de C. ferrea.Palavras-chave: Patologia de sementes; micoflora; controle alternativo; germinação. AbstractSanitary quality of Caesalpinia ferrea seeds: incidence of fungi, control and effects on physiological quality with the use of plant extracts. Seeds are efficient to dissemination and transmission of pathogens and often introduce new foci of infection in exempted areas. The use of plant extracts with antimicrobial properties are promising and environmentally friendly alternatives to replace the protection promoted by the application of fungicides. We aimed to evaluate the effect of extracts of Allamanda blanchetti L. and Momordica charantia L. on the mycoflora and seed germination of Caesalpinia ferrea. We used lots of seeds collected in different cities of Paraiba (Areia, Bananeiras, Conde e Remígio), which were tested for germination and sanity. The phytosanitary treatments consisted of control, dicarboximide fungicide (240 g.100 Kg-1) and extracts of A. blanchetti and M. charantia at concentrations of 10, 100, 500 and 1000 ppm. We identified in the seeds of C. ferrea fungi Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Cladosporium sp., R. stolonifer, Penicillium sp. and Nigrospora sp. The extracts of A. blanchetti and M. charantia in concentrations of 500 and 1000 ppm reduced the incidence of fungi. The highest concentrations (500 and 1000 ppm) of both extracts increased percentage and germination rate (IVG) and length of seedlings of C. ferrea.Keywords: Pathology seed; mycoflora; alternative control; germination.

The protective effect of melatonin on the in vitro development of yak embryos against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury

Zygote ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Peng ◽  
Mengtong Lei ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Yong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Effective Antioxidant ◽  
Vitro Development ◽  
Oxidation Effect

SummaryMelatonin plays a critical role in several types of cells as an antioxidant to protect intracellular molecules from oxidative stress. The anti-oxidation effect of melatonin in yak embryos is largely unknown. We report that melatonin can protect the development of yak preimplantation embryos against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Therefore, the quality of blastocysts developed from zygotes exposed to H2O2 was promoted. In addition, we observed that melatonin reduced H2O2-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and prevented mitochondrial dysfunction in zygotes. These phenomena revealed the effective antioxidant activity of melatonin to prevent oxidative stress in yak embryos. To determine the underlying mechanism, we further demonstrated that melatonin protected preimplantation embryos from oxidative damage by preserving antioxidative enzymes. Collectively, these results confirmed the anti-oxidation effect of melatonin in yak embryos that significantly improved the quantity and quality of blastocysts in the in vitro production of embryos in yaks.

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