scholarly journals Effect of physical exercise on cardiometabolic parameters in post-menopause: an integrative review

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Dias Rodrigues ◽  
Brenda Lemos Carvalho ◽  
Gleisy Kelly Neves Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Third ◽  
Post Menopause ◽  
Second Category

Abstract Objective: To identify the evidence available in literature which relates the practice of physical exercise to improvements in the cardiovascular and metabolic parameters of postmenopausal women. Method: A search was performed of works published between 2008 and 2018 included in the MEDLINE, BDENF, IBCS and LILACS databases. Of the 792 studies identified, 23 met the inclusion criteria. Results: Following analysis, the studies were separated into three categories. In the first category it was observed that physical exercise improved lipid metabolism, reduced abdominal circumference and promoted weight loss. The second category revealed that physical exercise reduced systolic blood pressure, prevented the development of arterial hypertension and reduced the release of sympathomimetic hormones. In the third category the studies indicated that physical exercise elevated the antioxidant mediators and reversed the oxidative stress involved in the inflammatory reactions present in cardiovascular diseases. Conclusion: The studies confirm the beneficial effects of physical exercise on the metabolic and cardiovascular parameters of postmenopausal women.

scholarly journals Lipid profile, apolipoprotein A-I and oxidative stress in professional footballers, sedentary individuals, and their relatives

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Margioti Zanella ◽  
Marcelo Arruda Nakazone ◽  
Marcela Augusta Souza Pinhel ◽  
Dorotéia Rossi Silva Souza
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Apolipoprotein A ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cholesterol Fraction

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether lipid profile (LP), apolipoprotein A-1 (apo A-I) and malondialdehyde (MDA) have any relationship with physical exercise by comparing the groups of footballers (FG) with sedentary individuals (CG) and their relatives (RFG and RCG). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twenty individuals from FG and CG, 60 from RFG, and 57 from RCG were studied. RESULTS: FG showed lower levels of total cholesterol (119.5 ± 37.9 mg/dL), LDL-cholesterol fraction (53.6 ± 30.3), apo A-I (116.7 ± 11.9), and higher level of HDL-cholesterol fraction (HDLc) (49.7 ± 8.5) compared to RFG (148.3 ± 36.9, P = 0.02; 82.4 ± 37.7, P < 0.01; 124.6 ± 10.2, P = 0.03; and 42.7 ± 7.7, P < 0.01; respectively). Moreover, FG had reduced levels of MDA (101.0 ± 77.0 ng/mL) compared to CG (290.0 ± 341.0, P = 0.03) and RFG (209.9 ± 197.5, P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest an association between physical exercise and lower levels of MDA in FG. Physical activity seems to promote beneficial effects on the LP regardless of the genetic influence considering HDLc levels.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress-Related Endothelial Damage in Vascular Depression and Vascular Cognitive Impairment: Beneficial Effects of Aerobic Physical Exercise

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luca ◽  
Antonina Luca
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Vascular Depression ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Mood And Cognition ◽  
Endothelial Homeostasis

Oxidative stress- (OS-) related endothelial damage is involved in the occurrence and progression of several disorders, such as vascular depression and dementia. It has been reported that moderate, aerobic, physical exercise could reduce OS and inflammation, thus limiting the cardiovascular risk factors while improving endothelial homeostasis, mood, and cognition. In this review, we will discuss about the role of OS and OS-related endothelial damage in vascular depression and vascular cognitive impairment. Then, we will comment on the effects of physical exercise on both disorders.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress during rehabilitation from protein malnutrition associated with aerobic exercise in rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco José Andriotti Prada ◽  
Denise Vaz Macedo ◽  
Maria Alice Rostom de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Protein Malnutrition ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Normal Protein Diet

This study was designed to evaluate biomarkers of oxidative stress in rats with or without aerobic exercise during recovery from protein malnutrition. From the 30th to the 90th day of life, male Wistar rats were fed a low protein diet (LP + 6%) followed by a normal protein diet (NP = 17%) until the 120th day and separated in two groups: sedentary (S) and exercise trained (E = swimming 1h/day, 5 days/week, with from the 90th to the 120th day). Rats fed a normal protein diet were used as controls. Results showed that physical exercise had beneficial effects on body weight gain during nutrition rehabilitation. Erythrocytes catalase and glutathione reductase (biomarkers of the antioxidant system) were significantly reduced in all groups in comparison to the sedentary control group. The plasma concentration of TBARs (biomarkers of the oxidative damage) was also lower in the recovered rats, suggesting that the improvement in body growth after nutritional rehabilitation with physical exercise could be related to a decrease in the oxidative stress level.

Habitual physical exercise has beneficial effects on telomere length in postmenopausal women

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1109-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Ha Kim ◽  
Jae-Hong Ko ◽  
Duk-chul Lee ◽  
Inja Lim ◽  
Hyoweon Bang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Beneficial Effects

scholarly journals Linalool Alleviates Aβ42-Induced Neurodegeneration via Suppressing ROS Production and Inflammation in Fly and Rat Models of Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Chunyu Yuan ◽  
Myeongcheol Shin ◽  
Youngjae Park ◽  
Byoungyun Choi ◽  
Seokhui Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Larval Brain ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Terpenes are vital metabolites found in various plants and animals and known to be beneficial in the treatment of various diseases. Previously, our group identified terpenes that increased the survival of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) model flies expressing human amyloid β (Aβ) and identified linalool as a neuroprotective terpene against Aβ toxicity. Linalool is a monoterpene that is commonly present as a constituent in essential oils from aromatic plants and is known to have anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antihyperlipidemia, antibacterial, and neuroprotective properties. Although several studies have shown the beneficial effect of linalool in AD animal models, the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effect of linalool on AD are yet to be elucidated. In the present study, we showed that linalool intake increased the survival of the AD model flies during development in a dose-dependent manner, while the survival of wild-type flies was not affected even at high linalool concentrations. Linalool also decreases Aβ-induced apoptosis in eye discs as well as the larval brain. Moreover, linalool intake was found to reduce neurodegeneration in the brain of adult AD model flies. However, linalool did not affect the total amount of Aβ42 protein or Aβ42 aggregation. Rather, linalool decreased Aβ-induced ROS levels, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response in the brains of AD model flies. Furthermore, linalool attenuated the induction of oxidative stress and gliosis by Aβ1-42 treatment in the rat hippocampus. Taken together, our data suggest that linalool exerts its beneficial effects on AD by reducing Aβ42-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions.

Physical exercise protects dynamic balance and motor coordination of rats treated with vincristine

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Luiza Minato Sagrillo ◽  
Viviane Nogueira De Zorzi ◽  
Luiz Fernando Freire Royes ◽  
Michele Rechia Fighera ◽  
Beatriz Da Silva Rosa Bonadiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Stress Damage ◽  
Training Protocol

Physical exercise has been shown to be an important modulator of the antioxidant system and neuroprotective in several diseases and treatments that affect the central nervous system. In this sense, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of physical exercise in dynamic balance, motor coordination, exploratory locomotor activity and in the oxidative and immunological balance of rats treated with vincristine (VCR). For that, 40 adult rats were divided into two groups: exercise group (6 weeks of swimming, 1h/day, 5 days/week, with overload of 5% of body weight) and sedentary group. After training, rats were treated with 0.5 mg/kg of vincristine sulfate for two weeks or with the same dose of 0.9% NaCl. The behavioral tests were conducted 1 and 7 days after each dose of VCR. On day 15 we carried out the biochemical analyzes of the cerebellum. The physical exercise was able to protect against the loss of dynamic balance and motor coordination and, had effect per se in the exploratory locomotor activity, and neutralize oxidative stress, damage DNA and immune damage caused by VCR up to 15 days after the end of the training protocol. In conclusion, we observed that previous physical training protects of the damage motor induced by vincristine.Key-words: exercise, oxidative stress, neuroprotection, cerebellum.

Pharmacological study on the possible involvement of a Nrf2 -Heme oxygenase pathways in anti-cataract activity of fisetin

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Krishna Reddy BV ◽  
Avinash Kumar Reddy G ◽  
Sujitha V ◽  
Manasa A
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Pharmacological Study ◽  
World Population ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Radical Production ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Diabetic Population ◽  
Oxidant Status

DM otherwise diabetes is now a days an epidemic with the percentage of patient population rising to almost 10% of the world population. Out of all the DM complications, cataract leads the way contributing to disabilities to about 60% of diabetic population. But the pathogenesis of DM cataract is still a half-understood area of medicine there by posing a problem in the therapy. The data that we have till now gives us enough evidence to advocate the oxidative stress has a major role for the pathogenesis of DM complications like DMnephropathy, DMneuropathy, and cardiac hypertrophy, which suggests the oxidative stress is a central feature of diabetes. In the current research, the pharmacological evaluation of Fisetin for its DM based anti-cataract property was performed. This research concentrates to estimate the possible involvement of Nrf-2 / heme oxygenase (HO)-pathway in the observed therapeutic effect, if any. The data obtained in this study also indicate that the observed beneficial effects mainly due to activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. These effects probably result in increased tissue anti-oxidant status as well as decreased free radical production, which ultimately responsible for the observed beneficial effects of Fisetin against hyperglycemia-induced cataract.

scholarly journals Physical Exercise and Cardiac Repair: The Potential Role of Nitric Oxide in Boosting Stem Cell Regenerative Biology

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1002
Author(s):  
Fabiola Marino ◽  
Mariangela Scalise ◽  
Eleonora Cianflone ◽  
Luca Salerno ◽  
Donato Cappetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Stem Cell Biology ◽  
Myocardial Repair ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Over the years strong evidence has been accumulated showing that aerobic physical exercise exerts beneficial effects on the prevention and reduction of cardiovascular risk. Exercise in healthy subjects fosters physiological remodeling of the adult heart. Concurrently, physical training can significantly slow-down or even reverse the maladaptive pathologic cardiac remodeling in cardiac diseases, improving heart function. The underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of the beneficial effects of physical exercise on the heart are still a subject of intensive study. Aerobic activity increases cardiovascular nitric oxide (NO) released mainly through nitric oxidase synthase 3 activity, promoting endothelium-dependent vasodilation, reducing vascular resistance, and lowering blood pressure. On the reverse, an imbalance between increasing free radical production and decreased NO generation characterizes pathologic remodeling, which has been termed the “nitroso-redox imbalance”. Besides these classical evidence on the role of NO in cardiac physiology and pathology, accumulating data show that NO regulate different aspects of stem cell biology, including survival, proliferation, migration, differentiation, and secretion of pro-regenerative factors. Concurrently, it has been shown that physical exercise generates physiological remodeling while antagonizes pathologic remodeling also by fostering cardiac regeneration, including new cardiomyocyte formation. This review is therefore focused on the possible link between physical exercise, NO, and stem cell biology in the cardiac regenerative/reparative response to physiological or pathological load. Cellular and molecular mechanisms that generate an exercise-induced cardioprotective phenotype are discussed in regards with myocardial repair and regeneration. Aerobic training can benefit cells implicated in cardiovascular homeostasis and response to damage by NO-mediated pathways that protect stem cells in the hostile environment, enhance their activation and differentiation and, in turn, translate to more efficient myocardial tissue regeneration. Moreover, stem cell preconditioning by and/or local potentiation of NO signaling can be envisioned as promising approaches to improve the post-transplantation stem cell survival and the efficacy of cardiac stem cell therapy.

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