scholarly journals Factors associated with gingival bleeding in adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Rafaele Vieira PEDROSA ◽  
Nathalia Seimi DEAMA ◽  
Paulo Sávio Angeiras GOÉS ◽  
Leonardo Vilar FILGUEIRAS
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Physical Appearance ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Gingival Bleeding ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT Objective: Describe the relationship between gingival bleeding and risk factors (behavioral and psychosocial) in adolescents aged 14 to 19 years in the city of São Lourenço da Mata, Brazil. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted with 1154 adolescents aged 14 to 19 years randomly selected from public schools located in the city of São Lourenço da Mata in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Socio-demographic (sex, age and race), behavioral (oral hygiene, smoking, alcohol use and leisure activities) and psychosocial (self-esteem and self-perception) data were collected through self-administered questionnaires. The presence/absence of gingival bleeding was determined using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). The data were submitted to descriptive statistics and Pearson’s chi-square test was used to determine associations between risk factors and gingival bleeding, with the significance level set at 5% (p < 0.05). Results: The response rate was 80% of 1418 adolescents initially proposed to compose the sample and the prevalence of bleeding was 50.3%. No associations were found between gingival bleeding and socio-demographic, behavioral or self-esteem factors. Regarding self-perception, a significant association was found between positive attitudes of satisfaction with one’s physical appearance and gingival bleeding (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Gingival bleeding was found in most adolescents, but did not exert an influence on the satisfaction these individuals have regarding their physical appearance.

scholarly journals Association between maloclusion and self-perception of oral aesthetics in adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. e206711
Author(s):  
Ana de Lourdes Sá de Lira ◽  
Joyce Pires Barros da Cunha ◽  
Rebeca Maria Vieira Pereira ◽  
Alice Rodrigues Santos ◽  
Maria Karen Vasconcelos Fontenele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The City ◽  
The Ideal

Aim: To evaluate the aesthetic self-perception capacity of adolescents from public schools regarding the presence of oral alterations from malocclusions. Methods: Cross-sectional and quantitative study with 374 adolescents between 16 and 18 years old, belonging to public schools in the city of Parnaíba, Piauí. The adolescents were separated by gender (male and female) and examined for malocclusions. The problem identified for each participant was recorded for later comparison of the influence of its presence with aesthetic self-perception. Then, all adolescents, including those who demonstrated normal occlusion during the clinical evaluation, answered a questionnaire containing eight questions about their perception of their own smile and its impact on their interpersonal relationships. Self-perception was also analyzed by comparing the responses of those with normal occlusion with that of malocclusion individuals. Student's t-tests were used to verify if there was a difference between the groups. Results: The most prevalent malocclusions after clinical examination were midline deviations, crowding and diastemas, and the ones that most scored in the adolescents' perception were crowding, misalignment and diastemas. Conclusion: The adolescents were able to perceive the aesthetic alterations resulting from malocclusions, being determinants of dissatisfaction when smiling. They were not ashamed to smile, did not consider that the ideal smile would improve their self-esteem and that misaligned teeth would not interfere with flirting and interpersonal relationships.

Skull and Face Injuries and Associated Factors in Pedestrian Victims of Traffic Accidents: A Single Trauma Center Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Josimara A. de Araújo Varela ◽  
Tatiana F.T. Palitot ◽  
Smyrna L.X. de Souza ◽  
Alidianne F.C. Cavalcanti ◽  
Alessandro L. Cavalcanti
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Face ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The City

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the presence of lesions in the skull and face and the associated factors in pedestrian victims of traffic accidents. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study carried out through the analysis of medical records of pedestrian victims of traffic accidents in an emergency service in the city of Campina Grande, Brazil, during the year of 2016. Information was collected regarding gender, age group, day of the week, time of the accident, type of vehicle involved, presence of trauma to the skull and face, and outcomes. The Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were used, with a significance level of 5%. Results: A total of 1,884 medical records were evaluated, out of which 7.1% (n = 133) involved pedestrians. Men were the most frequent victims (68.4%), and victims of age 60 years old or over (30.5%) predominated. Almost one-third of the cases were recorded during the weekends (30.5%), and the most prevalent time was at night (52.7%). Regarding the type of vehicle involved, motorcycles predominated (47.4%). Head trauma was present in 37.6% of victims, while facial injuries corresponded to 8.2%. In 12% of cases, the victims died. The variables of gender, age group, occurrence on weekends, and trauma to the face showed a statistically significant association with the occurrence of traffic accidents (Chi-square test; p<0.05). Conclusion: Among pedestrian victims of traffic accidents, there is a predominance of men aged 65 years or over. Accidents are frequent at night, and motorcycles are the main vehicles involved. The presence of trauma to the skull and face regions is high.

scholarly journals Comparing self-perceived global self-esteem and physical self-esteem among children and adolescents in Southeastern Sweden, investigated in 2000 and 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Raustorp ◽  
Andreas Fröberg
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Grade 8

AbstractObjectivesTo compare self-perceived global self-esteem (GSE) and physical self-esteem (PSE) among children and adolescents aged 11 and 14 years in Southeastern Sweden, investigated in 2000 and 2017.MethodsThe present study consists of two independent cross-sectional study-cohorts from Southeastern Sweden, investigated in 2000 and 2017. The same protocol, procedures, and instruments were used in 2000 and 2017. In October 2000, data for self-perceived GSE and PSE, and anthropometry were collected from 11-years old children (Grade 5) (n=74) and 14-years old adolescents (Grade 8) (n=84). In October 2017, children (n=186) and adolescents (n=140) from the same grade-levels, schools and classrooms provided data for the same variables as in 2000. GSE and PSE were assessed with the Children and Youth Physical Self-Perception Profile (CY-PSPP).ResultsSelf-perceived GSE was higher in 2017 as compared to 2000 among both 11-years old boys (p<0.001) and girls (p<0.001) and 14-years old boys (p=0.008) and girls (p<0.001). Similarly, self-perceived PSE was higher in 2017 as compared to 2000 among both 11-years old boys (p<0.001) and girls (p=0.023) and 14-years old boys (p=0.025) and girls (p=0.002).ConclusionsSelf-perceived GSE and PSE among children and adolescents aged 11 and 14 years in Southeastern Sweden were higher in 2017 as compared to 2000. These results are not in agreement with the increased psychological ill-health as being reported among children and adolescents during the last decade in Sweden.

scholarly journals Acute lower respiratory illness in under-five children in Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil: prevalence and risk factors

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1429-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio O. M. Prietsch ◽  
Gilberto B. Fischer ◽  
Juraci A. César ◽  
Berenice S. Lempek ◽  
Luciano V. Barbosa Jr. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Acute Lower Respiratory Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Schooling ◽  
The City

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of acute lower respiratory illness and to identify associated factors among children less than five years of age in the city of Rio Grande, southern Brazil. Using a cross-sectional survey, a standardized household questionnaire was applied to mothers or guardians. Information was collected on household conditions, socioeconomic status, and parental smoking. Prenatal care attendance, nutritional status, breastfeeding pattern, and use of health services for the children were also investigated. Data analysis was based on prevalence ratios and logistic regression, using a conceptual framework. Among 771 children studied, 23.9% presented acute lower respiratory illness. The main risk factors were previous episodes of acute lower respiratory infection or wheezing, crowding, maternal schooling less than five years, monthly family income less than US$ 200, four or more people per room, asthma in family members, and maternal smoking. Mothers 30 years or older were identified as a protective factor. These results can help define specific measures to reduce morbidity and mortality due to acute lower respiratory illness in this setting.

scholarly journals Η θεατρική αγωγή (το θεατρικό παιχνίδι) ως μέσο ενίσχυσης της αυτοαντίληψης και της αυτοεκτίμησης ατόμων τυπικής ανάπτυξης και ατόμων με ειδικές ανάγκες

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ελευθερία Μπάκα
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Physical Appearance ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
School Capacity ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Intervention Programme

The main aim of this study is to research if a specially designed programme of Theatre Games would reinforce self-perception and self-esteem as regards students with typical mental development (aged 10 to 12) and students with mental retardation (aged 16-23). Particularly if the parameters of students’ self-perception: school capacity, athletic capacity, relations with people of the same age, physical appearance, conduct-behaviour and students’ self-esteem would be influenced by the intervention programme. Another research question was if teachers’ estimations would concur with the parents’, the students’ and the psychologist’s estimations. Furthermore, if the change of self-perception and self-esteem , through the programme of Theatre Games, would be influenced by the students’ individual differences: gender, mental development, place of residence, school of attendance.The programme of theatrical intervention included 12 meetings-workshops with Theatre Games. The questionnaire which was used for the estimation of self-perception and self-esteem (at the beginning and at the end of the programme) was “PATEM II” by Makri-Mpotsari (Greek edition of the questionaire by Harter) . During the programme Phil Jones Scale was used for the observation of the students’ participation in the Theatre Games.In the pilot study 40 students with typical mental development and 14 students with mental retardation participated. In the empirical research 230 students with typical mental development and 16 students with mental retardation participated. Four months after the end of the programme a check for the duration of the results took place and 33 students with typical mental development and 16 students with mental retardation participated. In the control groups 75 students with typical mental development and 16 students with mental retardation participated and between the first and the second estimation the time was the same but there was no theatrical intervention.As regards students with typical mental development, school capacity, relations with people of the same age, conduct-behaviour and students’ self-esteem are influenced positively. Teachers’, parents’, students’ estimations concur with each other. For these four variables the check for the duration show that the result of the positive influence does not have duration if the Theatre Games are not repeated. For the variable of the athletic capacity and the physical appearance only students see positive influence and especially for the physical appearance, they see a result with duration. Notable is that the results are independent from the class, the school, the place of residence, the gender.As regards students with mental retardation, the results show that relations with students of the same age, physical appearance, conduct-behaviour and self-esteem are influenced positively. For the first two variables the result has duration. For the other two if Theatre Games are not repeated, the result does not have duration. The variables of the school capacity and the athletic capacity are not influenced by Theatre Games.

scholarly journals Measurement of psycho-emotional constructs and self-management in health of patients with Rheumatics diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ana Dalla Santana Lima ◽  
Clesnan Mendes-Rodrigues ◽  
Laysa Oliveira Santos Dias ◽  
Eliana Borges da Silva Pereira ◽  
Omar Pereira de Almeida-Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Time ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Formal Study ◽  
High Level

Objective: This study aimed to measure the scores of psychoemotional and self-management constructs in patients with rheumatic diseases (RD), to compare these scores according to the RD type and to verify the influence of these measures on self-management in health.Methods: Cross-sectional study, carried out in an ambulatory of a public hospital of Brazil. Adult patients, with diagnosis of RD, responded to self-esteem, anxiety and depression, health and activation scales. Spearman’s correlation tests, independence tests, mean or median tests, multiple linear regressions evaluated the variables of interest at a significance level of .05.Results: Eighty-six patients (mean age = 45.23, SD = 14.30) were evaluated. High activation (mean = 65.83, SD = 14.20) and self-esteem scores (mean = 30.67, SD = 5.65) were observed, while moderate anxiety scores (mean = 8.21, SD = 4.37) and low scores for depression (mean = 6.37, SD = 3.98). Significant correlations were observed, from low to moderate magnitude, among other measures with activation (p < .05). There were weak correlations between activation and formal study time, self-esteem with age and family income, depression and number of comorbidities diagnosed or self-reported (p < .05). The RD type no affects any of the constructs evaluated.Conclusions: It was concluded that patients with rheumatic diseases presented high self-esteem, moderate anxiety levels and low levels of depression and a high level of activation. Lower number of diagnosed comorbities, higher formal study time was related to better self-management in health.

scholarly journals Social and Psychological Predictors of Initial Cigarette Smoking Experience

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walieh Menati ◽  
Milad Nazarzadeh ◽  
Zeinab Bidel ◽  
Morten Würtz ◽  
Rostam Menati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Social Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Psychological Risk ◽  
The City

Knowledge about social and psychological risk factors for initial cigarette smoking experience (ICSE) is sparse. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of ICSE and to examine the psychological and social factors related to ICSE. In a cross-sectional survey, 1,511 male college students were recruited using multistage sampling techniques from four universities located within the city of Ilam, Iran. Self-administered multiple-choice questionnaires were distributed to students from March to June 2013. Risk factors for ICSE were evaluated using logistic regression models. Participants were 22.3 ± 2.4 years of age. ICSE prevalence was 30.6%. In multivariable adjusted analysis, risk taking behavior (odds ratio [OR] = 1.61; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11-2.33), perceived peer smoking prevalence (OR = 2.48; 95% CI = 1.03-5.97), positive thoughts about smoking (OR = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.02-1.10), high self-efficacy ( OR = 0.95, 95% CI [0.93, 0.98]), presence in smokers’ gathering (OR = 4.45; 95% CI = 2.88-6.81), comity of smokers (OR = 2.56; 95% CI = 1.66, 3.92), very hard access to cigarettes (OR = 2.20; 95% CI = 1.16-4.16), close friends’ medium reaction toward smoking (OR = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.02-1.88), and sporting activity (OR = 0.74; 95% CI = 0.56-0.98) were significantly associated with ICSE. This study identified that a combination of psychological and social variables account for up to 78% of the probability of ICSE. The most important protective factor against ICSE was physical activity, whereas the most important risk factor for ICSE was frequent gathering in the presence of smokers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Risk Factors Affecting Substance Use among Tenth-Grade Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilek Öztaş ◽  
Aydan Kalyon ◽  
Ayşin Ertuğrul ◽  
Çetin Gündoğdu ◽  
Hüseyin Balcıoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Youth Survey ◽  
Tenth Grade ◽  
The City

Aim. The aim of this study is to detect the prevalence of substance use among tenth-grade students; their thoughts, attitudes, behaviors, and tendencies towards substance use; and risk factors of substance use in tenth-grade students in general. Methods. This study is descriptive and cross-sectional conducted between April and May 2016. Research population consists of tenth-grade students in 2015-2016 school year in the city of Ordu. Since the study involved all tenth-grade students, no sampling was done. Questions on substance use were prepared by Ordu Public Health Directorate and the authors by making use of European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) study questions, AMATEM’s “Drugs and Addiction Youth Survey” study conducted on May 1996, and scientific studies conducted previously on similar subjects. Results. 9825 tenth-grade students in 88 schools from 19 counties in the city of Ordu were included in the study. 8714 of the students participated in the survey. Being male, being over the age of 15, mother and father being separated, living with relatives, being in low income, negative feelings about school, perception of being unsuccessful in school, failing a year, absenteeism, and not being content with life are the risk factors for substance use. Conclusions. The tendency of illegal substance use becoming more and more prevalent especially among youth requires the development of new treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Running Away in Iranian Youth Girls: A Cross- Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Taremian ◽  
Reza Moloodi ◽  
Soudabeh Karimian ◽  
Habibollah Masoudi Farid ◽  
Mehdi Noroozi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Running Away

Abstract BackgroundThis study explored the risk factors associated with running away behavior in Iranian youth girls.MethodThis cross-sectional study recruited Ninety-five runaway youth girls, and 135 control group girls. They responded several self-report measures that assess sociodemographic characteristics, family economic status, strength of family, religious identification, life time substance use, physical, emotional, and sexual abuse, self-esteem, coping styles, self-esteem, and depression.ResultsGirls who came from low income families, and moderate income families had significantly higher odds to run away than girls belonged to high income families. Girls who had a history of illicit drugs use had higher odds to run away from home. Moreover, low level of family strength, and low level of religious beliefs significantly predicted running away from home.ConclusionFindings suggest that family economic status, substance use, family relationship, and individual low level of religious beliefs appear to be key factors to understanding running away from home among Iranian adolescent girls.

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