scholarly journals DORMANCY OVERCOMING AND PRECONDITIONING IN Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. SEEDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 720-727
Author(s):  
HOHANA LISSA DE SOUSA MEDEIROS ◽  
CLARISSE PEREIRA BENEDITO ◽  
NADJAMARA BANDEIRA DE LIMA DANTAS ◽  
JORGE RICARDO SILVA DO COUTO JÚNIOR ◽  
LUIRLA BENTO RAMALHO
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Tukey Test

ABSTRACT Seeds of ‘sabiá’ (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) have coat dormancy, which hampers the absorption of water and oxygen, thereby delaying germination. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate methods for overcoming dormancy associated with priming on germination and vigor of seeds of ‘sabiá’, considering the efficiency, practicality and cost of treatment. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 4 x 5 factorial scheme (four methods for overcoming dormancy x five types of priming), constituting 20 treatments with four replicates of 25 seeds. The methods for overcoming dormancy used were tip removal, seed immersion in hot water at 100 °C for three minutes, immersion in sulfuric acid for 10 minutes and intact seeds. For the determination of physiological conditioning of seeds, the imbibition curve with the different priming agents was constructed. Priming was done on filter paper moistened with solutions of mannitol at the potentials of -0.2 MPa (16 hours), -0.4 MPa (24 hours) and -0.6 MPa (36 hours) and only with distilled water for the hydropriming (12 hours) and seeds without priming. The variables analyzed were first count of germination, germination, root length, shoot length and dry weight of seedlings. The data were subjected to analysis of variance by F test and Tukey test at 5% probability. The dormancy of M. caesalpiniifolia seeds should be overcome with the use of hot water (100 °C) for three minutes, without the need for priming.

INVESTIGATIONS ON RUBBER-BEARING PLANTS: II. CARBOHYDRATES IN THE ROOTS OF TARAXACUM KOK-SAGHYZ ROD.

1946 ◽  
Vol 24c (2) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Gorham
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Mild Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Rubber Bearing ◽  
One Year ◽  
Mild Acid

The soluble carbohydrates were extracted, by means of hot water, from dried ground roots of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rod. that had been extracted previously with acetone and benzene. A cleared portion of the extract served for the determination of hexose and, after invertase hydrolysis, sucrose. Another portion was subjected to mild acid hydrolysis before clearing, and served for the determination of total reducing value, whence fructosans, as inulin, were calculated. Separation of the free reducing sugars and sucrose from the fructosans by ethanol extraction proved unsatisfactory. Analyses of 171 one-year old roots from six crosses gave the following average values expressed as per cent dry weight: hexose 1.6, sucrose 4.7, and inulin 41. The analytical data suggest the possibility of selecting and breeding for strains of kok-saghyz capable of high carbohydrate production.

Rooting of Herbaceous and Semihardwood Cuttings of Guava cv. Século XXI, under Varying Concentrations of Indolebutyric Acid

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jussara Cristina Firmino Da Costa ◽  
Rejane Maria Nunes Mendonça ◽  
Gerciane Cabral Da Silva ◽  
Silvanda de Melo Silva ◽  
Walter Esfrain Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings

In the commercial production of guava seedlings (Psidium guajava L.) the quality of the cuttings, homogeneity, high percentage of rooting are the factors important to be analyzed. Therefore, as the Século XXI cultivar is recent, it is necessary to do more studies regarding the behavior of this guava to the factors that aid in the rhizogenic process. The objective of this work was to verify the concentrations of indolebutyric acid (IBA) that provide the best rooting of cuttings herbaceous and semihardwood, as well as to verify the best kind of cuttings used for vegetative propagation the guava cuttings cultivar ‘Século XXI’. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 5 x 2 + 1 factorial design, beginning with five concentrations of IBA (0, 1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500 mg L-1), two kinds of cuttings (herbaceous and semihardwood) and one control treatment (immersed in distilled water for 12 hours), with four replications and 10 cuttings per plot. In relation of the variables: the percentage of cuttings live without roots, callus, number of roots and dry weight of shoots did not present significant interaction among treatments, not adjusting to any regression model. Therefore, concluding that the herbaceous cutting is the most indicated for the propagation of guava seedlings of ‘Século XXI’; The concentration of 2500 mg L-1 of IBA promotes a higher percentage of rooted semihardwood cuttings without leaf; The hormone solution diluted with alcohol 50% (v/v) resulted in toxicity for herbaceous and semihardwood cuttings cv. Século XXI.

scholarly journals PERTUMBUHAN STEK KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora) DENGAN PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK BAWANG MERAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Yulistiati Nengsih ◽  
Aditya Deska Wahyu
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Onion Extract ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The World ◽  
Treatment Factor ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Indonesia is one of the largest coffee producing and exporting countries in the world. Most of the production is robusta variety. Coffee is the fourth largest foreign exchange earner for Indonesia after palm oil, rubber and cocoa and is a source of income for the community. Coffee can be developed in a generative (seed) and vegetative way, including using cuttings. Efforts to accelerate the formation of roots in cuttings can be done by using natural growth regulators, one of which is shallots which contain auxins. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of shallot extract on the growth of robusta coffee cuttings (Coffea canephora). This research was conducted from December 2019 to February 2020 at Campus II, Batanghari University (Pijoan). The design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with one treatment factor, namely shallot extract including; .k0 (without giving onion extract), k1 (250 g of shallots in 1 liter of distilled water), k2 (500 g of shallots in 1 liter of distilled water), k3 (750 g of shallots in 1 liter of distilled water), and k4 (1000 g of shallots in 1 liter of distilled water). Each stage of the experiment was repeated 3 times, so that there were 15 experimental plots, for each experiment there were 10 cuttings with a total of 150 cuttings. The observed data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by the DNMRT test at α 5%. From the immersion treatment in 750 g of shallot extract in 1 liter of distilled water (k3), there was an increase in the percentage of live cuttings 47.37%, the percentage of shoots and roots growth of 83.51%, 106.06% of shoot length, and 98.03% of roots. , and the root dry weight of 225.27% compared without giving onion extract (k0).

scholarly journals Determination of the Tolerant Concentration of Eisenia fetida to Chrome Solid Residues from Tannery

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-352
Author(s):  
Robert BULEJE DEL CARPIO ◽  
Liliana MARRUFO SALDAÑA
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Statistical Treatment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Response Variable ◽  
Tanning Industry

The tanning industry, although it is characterized by the use of the skin waste originated by the cattle raising, in contrast, produces huge volumes of waste, among which chrome shavings stand out due to their high percentage of chromium. The objective of this research was to determine the concentration where earthworms (Eisenia fetida) could tolerate chrome shavings, in order to evaluate the potential for degradation of these wastes through biological treatment. To determine the tolerant concentration, an experimental design was established that included as factors, the time of exposure in weeks (0-11) and the concentrations of exposure: 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12 and 0.16 grams of shavings per grams of substrate. The response variable was the mortality rate. Each treatment was performed in triplicate and a negative control was included. Statistical treatment was performed using ANOVA and multiple comparison tests at 95% confidence with the statistical complement Real Statistics, Statgraphics and Yupana software. The tolerant concentration established in the study was 0.04 g/g (grams of shavings per grams of substrate) which is equivalent to 636 mg/kg (based on dry weight) expressed in weight of chrome per weight of compost.

Response of Flamboyant seeds (Delonix regia) subjected to different dormancy overcoming methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
R. R. Rocha ◽  
C. G. B. G. D. Mariussi ◽  
S. N. Silva ◽  
R. Noetzold
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid

Flamboyant has great ornamental use, because it has beautiful flowers, having a great use in urban afforestation and park ornamentation. The seeds have a low germination rate because they have dormancy caused by the impermeability of the integument. In this sense, the objective was to determine the most efficient method to overcome dormancy in flamboyant seeds. The experimental design was fully randomized with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of: 1-Witness (non-scarified seeds); 2- Hot water at 90º C for 5 minutes; 3- Concentrated sulfuric acid 98% for 60 minutes; 4- Mechanical scarification with sandpaper number 80. The characteristics evaluated were: emergency, emergency speed index, seedling height and root length. A significant difference can be observed in the treatments evaluated only for the emergency speed index where the scarification treatment with sandpaper was higher than the others, for the other characteristics evaluated there was no difference

scholarly journals Evaluation of activity of the crude ethanolic extract of Magonia pubescens St. Hil (Sapindaceae) against larvae of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini, 1887) (Acari: Ixodidae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1147-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando de Freitas Fernandes ◽  
Priscilla Antunes Diógenes Bessa ◽  
Edméia de Paula e Souza Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Significant Mortality

The acaricidal potential of the crude ethanolic extract (c.e.e.) of the stem peel of Magonia pubescens was evaluated against larvae of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. The larvae were placed in filter paper envelopes impregnated with different concentrations of c.e.e., dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and distilled water for determination of lethal concentrations (LC). The following treatments were used: 1. Envelopes of dry filter paper; 2. Envelopes of filter paper moistened with distilled water; 3. Envelopes of filter paper moistened with a solution of DMSO in distilled water; and 4. Envelopes moistened with 2 mL of each concentration of the c.e.e. to be tested. The bioassays were carried out in quadruplicate at 27°±1° C and RH e"80% and 12h light. Mortality was observed after 48 h, LC50 and LC99 values of 365 and 4,000 ppm being obtained. There was no significant mortality in larvae exposed to the first three treatments (p < 0.05).

scholarly journals YACON INULIN LEACHING DURING HOT WATER BLANCHING

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Fenner Scher ◽  
Adriano Brandelli ◽  
Caciano Zapata Noreña
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Factorial Experimental Design ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Fat Substitutes ◽  
Thick Disks ◽  
Temperature Time

ABSTRACTYacon roots contain inulin, which has prebiotic properties and it may be used as sucrose or fat substitutes. However, inulin is very soluble in water. The loss of this important nutrient during blanching is caused mainly by diffusion or leaching, which might be diminished if blanching temperature - time conditions are correctly employed. The aim of this study was to determine the leaching of the sugars inulin, glucose and fructose, present in yacon roots, during hot water blanching under different time/temperature conditions. The samples were cleaned and peeled and cut into geometric forms of 1.75 ± 0.35 mm thick disks. A complete factorial experimental design was used, and the treatments of the samples were compared using the Tukey test. The results indicated that the time and temperature were significant in the dissolution of the sugars. The lowest inulin losses occurred at temperatures and times lower than 60 ºC and 3 minutes. For all temperatures, the lowest glucose and fructose losses were obtained at time lower than 3 and 5 minutes, respectively.

scholarly journals Ácido sulfúrico na quebra de dormência de sementes e na emergência e morfologia de plântulas de Canna edulis

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Rogério Gomes Pêgo ◽  
Daniela Sousa da Silva ◽  
Sebastião Martins Filho ◽  
Jose Antonio Saraiva Grossi
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Purple Coloration

he objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of time scarification of seeds in sulfuric acid to break the dormancy of seeds, seedling emergence and post-seminal morphology of C. edulis. This way, were determined biometric characteristics of seeds with the help of pachymeter and digital balance. To dormancy breaking, the seeds were immersed in sulfuric acid during 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 hours and sown in sand in a condition greenhouse. After 21 days emergence percentage, emergence speed index (IVE), shoot length and seedling dry weight of plants were recorded. At 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 days after sowing, the seedlings taken digital images and post-seminal morphology was characterized. The fruit of C. edulis contains an average of 19.27 globoses seeds of black coloration measuring about 5.62 mm in diameter, the average weight of 1000 seeds is 128.8 grams. The highest percentage of seedling emergence of 60% and 90% are obtained from seed treated with 0.5 hours in sulfuric acid at 10 and 21 days after sowing, respectively. The seeds have hypogeal germination with development of fasciculate roots with root axes differentiated at 4 days after sowing. The protophyll is observed from the eighth day and the seedlings have intense purple coloration at 16 days after sowing.

scholarly journals Homeopathy for Treating Contaminated Cucumber Seedlings With the Herbicide Residues

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Ricardo A. Felito ◽  
Oscar M. Yamashita ◽  
Wagner Gervazio ◽  
Marco A. C. Carvalho ◽  
Delmonte Roboredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Germination Speed

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of homeopathic medicines in the neutralization of waste herbicide 2,4-D+picloram in cucumber seeds, in the municipality of Alta Floresta-MT process. The experiment was carried out to evaluate two herbicide concentrations and five Nux vomica dynamizations (6CH, 12CH, 18CH, 24CH and 30CH), in addition to two controls, one with distilled water and the other contaminated with herbicide alone. The variables assessed were germination percentage, germination speed index, fresh weight, dry weight, shoot length, root length and stem thickness, where we observed a significant difference in most of the variables analyzed. From the results, it can be concluded that the homeopathic preparations in five dynamics of Nux vomica (6CH, 12CH, 18CH, 24CH and 30CH), act positively on vigor and development of cucumber seeds.

scholarly journals Soaking curve and effect of temperature on the germination of daisy seeds

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério G Pêgo ◽  
José Antônio S Grossi ◽  
José Geraldo Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum ◽  
Triphasic Pattern

The soaking curve and the effect of temperature on the germination of daisy seeds (Chrysanthemum leucanthemum) were characterized in this study. To determine the soaking curve, four samples of 0.5 g of seeds were soaked in germitest paper moistened with distilled water and maintained in germinator at 25ºC. The seeds were weighed in periods of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 hours using a precision digital balance of 0.0001 g. A triphasic pattern germination curve was adjusted, allowing the determination of the beginning and duration of the phase II of the germination process. The germination test was carried out with four replications of 50 seeds disposed in "Gerbox" boxes and placed in germinators at the temperatures of 20, 25, 30 or 20-30ºC. A completely randomized experimental design was used with four replications of 50 seeds. The data were submitted to the analysis of variance and the averages were compared by the Tukey test, at 5% of probability. For analysis of accumulated seed germination, regressions were adjusted based on period of experiment. The seeds presented a triphasic pattern of germination and the phases I and II lasted 12 and 48 hours, respectively. The best temperature for the germination of the seeds is 25ºC. The temperature of 30ºC promoted the thermoinhibition of germination and increased the dead and dormant seeds and abnormal seedlings.

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