scholarly journals Lactofen and kinetin in soybean yield

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inara Alves Martins ◽  
Silvino Guimarães Moreira ◽  
Adriano Teodoro Bruzi ◽  
Guilherme Vieira Pimentel ◽  
Paulo Eduardo Ribeiro Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Apical Buds ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT The herbicide lactofen has been used by producers in many conditions, in order to increase the soybean yield. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of lactofen and the phytohormone kinetin on the morpho-agronomic traits, carbohydrate partitioning and yield, in soybean cultivars. Three experiments were carried out in the field, in addition to one experiment in a greenhouse. A randomized block design, with four replications, was used. The treatments were: lactofen [144 g ha-1 of active ingredient (a.i.)], lactofen + kinetin (144 g ha-1 of a.i. + 0.5 g ha-1), kinetin (0.5 g ha-1), manual cutting of apical buds and control. In the subplots, six soybean cultivars (M 6410 IPRO, M 5917 IPRO, NS 7670 RR, NS 6909 IPRO, BMX Lança IPRO and Produza IPRO) were used. In the field, the plant lodging index, plant height, number of nodes and branches, pods and grains per plant, mass of 100 grains and grain yield were evaluated. In the greenhouse, the starch, reducing sugars, sucrose and total sugars in the leaves, stems and roots of three soybean cultivars were quantified. The application of lactofen in the V6 stage influenced the morpho-agronomic traits of the cultivars in the field and increased the soybean yield by 312 kg ha-1, considering all the cultivars. The phytohormone did not influence the morpho-agronomic traits neither the grain yield. The treatments did not induce modification in the partitioning of carbohydrates destined to the roots.

scholarly journals Planting Density and Soybean (Glycine max L.) Cultivars Effects on Yield Components in the Amazon

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Priscila Pereira Sacramento ◽  
Letícia Cunha da Hungria ◽  
Jamil Chaar El-Husny ◽  
Luis De Souza Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Linear Behavior ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Glycine Max L

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of planting density and cultivar of soybean on yield components in the southeast Amazon. The experiment was carried out in an Oxisol, with a randomized block design in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme. The treatments were two soybean cultivars (BRS 9090 RR and BRS 8990 RR) and four planting densities (13, 15, 18 and 20 plants m-1), with three replications. First pod insertion height (IFP), plant height (H), number of pods per plant (NPP), grain yield (Y) and weight of 100 grains (W100) were evaluated. The insertion height of the first pod showed a tendency of increase with the increment of plants per linear meter for cultivar BRS 8990 RR, different of the behavior observed for the cultivar BRS 9090 RR, which only showed difference when the density of 300.000 plants ha-1 was tested. For plant height, among soybean cultivars, there was only difference in D400, with BRS 8990 RR showing a maximum height of 83.3 cm, 21% higher than BRS 9090 RR. When evaluated under D350, BRS 8990 RR showed an increase of 13% in the number of pods compared to BRS 9090 RR. Both cultivars showed linear behavior for the grain yield, increasing according the plant population, with the highest grain yield obtained under the density of 400.000 plants ha-1 (4527.3 kg ha-1). The weight of 100 grains was not influenced by any variation factor.

scholarly journals Yield and technological performance of sugarcane cultivars grown under Af climate conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Augusto Sousa Miranda ◽  
Felipe Nogueira Domingues ◽  
Bruno Spacek Godoy ◽  
Aníbal Coutinho do Rêgo ◽  
Cristian Faturi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Sugarcane Crop ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Almost All

Sugarcane crops are grown in almost all regions of Brazil, in various types of soil and under the influence of different climate conditions, which results in diverse production environments as climate factors directly influence the yield and technological quality of a sugarcane crop. The present study evaluated the agronomic and technological characteristics of sugarcane cultivars grown in Af climate conditions. The agronomic traits (natural matter production and the number, length, and diameter of stalks) and technological attributes (Brix, purity, Pol, reducing sugars, total reducing sugars, moisture, and fiber content) of three sugarcane cultivars, IACSP93-6006, RB83-5486, and SP79-1011, were determined in a three-year experiment with a randomized block design using four blocks and two repetitions per block. The cultivars IACSP93-6006 and SP79-1011 exhibited superior agronomic traits compared to RB83-5486, showing better adaptation to the soil and climate conditions of the study area. However, the technological attributes, which were below the minimum standard levels required by the sugar and ethanol industry, were not statistically different among the studied cultivars. The abundant rainfall and high temperatures, characteristics of an Af climate, were not favorable for sucrose accumulation in the IACSP93-6006, RB83-5486, and SP79-1011 cultivars. Therefore, despite the high yield, sugarcane intended for industrial purposes should not be grown under Af climate conditions, owing to the insufficient technological parameters.

scholarly journals Bioefficacy and Economics of Certain Novel Generation Insecticides against Spotted Pod Borer, Maruca vitrata (Geyer) in Greengram (Vigna radiata L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elluru Sireesha ◽  
Gaje Singh ◽  
Rajendra Singh ◽  
Bhupendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Maruca Vitrata ◽  
Emamectin Benzoate ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
And Control ◽  
Crop Research

Background: Spotted pod borer, Maruca vitrata, cause greater damage by attacking flowers, pods in greengram plants. This study investigates the efficacy and economics of certain novel insecticides when sprayed against spotted pod borer in green gram. Methods: The experiment was conducted at Crop Research Center, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, during kharif 2019 in randomized block design with eight treatments (Emamectin benzoate, Spinosad, Chlorantroniliprole, Indoxacarb, Novaluron, Profenophos, Triazophos and control) and three replications on variety SML668. Observations were taken at three, seven and eleven days after the first and second spray and the data thus recorded were analyzed. Result: The insecticide Chlorantraniliprole 20SC @ 0.025 ml/ lit has shown the highest efficacy with low per cent pod damage (7.33) and maximum grain yield (8.61q/ ha) against M. vitrata from the first day of application followed by Spinosad 45SC @ 0.25 ml/ lit with pod damage of 10.67 per cent and grain yield of 5.08 q/ ha. The highest cost-benefit ratio was obtained in Emamectin benzoate treatment (1:8.54), followed by chlorantraniliprole (1: 6.76).

scholarly journals Defoliation percentage in two soybean cultivars at different growth stages

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio A. da S. Glier ◽  
José B. Duarte Júnior ◽  
Gabriel M. Fachin ◽  
Antonio C. T. da Costa ◽  
Vandeir F. Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Different Growth Stages ◽  
Phenological Phases

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic variables due to the effects of different levels of defoliation in the phenological phases of two soybean cultivars. The experiment was conducted during the 2011/2012 season, in a randomized block design with three replicates, in a 2 x 4 x 5 factorial scheme. Two cultivars were exposed to defoliations of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% at the stages of V4, V9, R3 and R5. The cultivar 'NK 7059RR' showed less sensitivity to defoliation than the cultivar 'IN 4990RG'. 25% defoliation levels reduced the yield of the cultivar 'IN 4990RG', while levels of 75 and 100% reduce the number of grains per pod in both cultivars. The defoliation performed in the V4 stage lead to lower grain yield than defoliation in V9. The most sensitive stages to defoliation are R3 and R5, where there is a greater reduction in the production potential of soybeans.

scholarly journals Correlations and path analysis in agronomic traits of soybeans under defoliation

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Mario Zuffo ◽  
Francisco de Alcântara Neto ◽  
Tiago Zoz ◽  
Rafael Felippe Ratke ◽  
Jorge González Aguilera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Indirect Selection ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Selection For

 Stress events or leaf damage can alter the redistribution of photoassimilates and modify the morphological traits directly related to grain yield. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of agronomic traits on grain yield in soybean crop in function of leaf defoliation. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design with three replications, arranged in a 6 x 3 + 1 factorial scheme. The factors were composed by six reprodutive stages (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6) and three defoliation levels (33%, 66%, and 99%), and one additional treatment without defoliation (control). The following traits were evaluated: plant height, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, thousand grain weight, and grain yield. The magnitudes of the correlations between the same traits showed high oscillation according to the defoliation level. Results revealed the potential for the indirect selection for grain yield by the traits plant height and number of grains per pods under 0% of defoliation and by the trait number of pods per plant under 33% of defoliation.

scholarly journals Grain Yield and Its Associations With Pre-harvest Sprouting in Wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Alexsander Rigatti ◽  
Daniela Meira ◽  
Tiago Olivoto ◽  
Carine Meier ◽  
Maicon Nardino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Environmental Correlations ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Lower Tolerance

This study aimed to evaluate direct and indirect effects of agronomic traits importance on grain yield with focus in pre-harvest sprouting. Experiment was conducted in 2017 crop season, and conducted in a randomized block design, with three replications, with eight wheat cultivars (BRS Sábia, CD 105, CD 1104, CD 1440, Frontana, Jadeíte 11, Mirante and ORS Vintecinco). Grain yield and its components were evaluated, as well as other important traits such as pre-harvest sprouting. Data were submitted to variance analysis; and phenotypic, genotypic and environmental correlations were estimated to understand grain yield expression, direct and indirect effects of its components were evaluated through path analysis. Cultivar BRS Sabiá showed shorter cycle, cultivar CD 1104 was highlighted in number of spikes per area, hectoliter weight and grain yield. And cultivars Frontana, CD 1440 and ORS Vintecinco presented the best tolerances pre-harvest sprouting. Grain yield showed high and positive phenotypic and genotypic correlations with number of ears per square meter. Furthermore, high positive direct effect of pre-harvest sprouting on grain yield, revels lower tolerance for cultivars with high grain yield. Number of spikes per square meter showed intermediate and positive direct effect and pre-harvest sprouting had the greatest direct effect on grain yield.

scholarly journals Correlations and path analysis in soybean progenies with resistance source to cyst nematode (race 3)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-175
Author(s):  
Daniela Sarti Dvorjak ◽  
Sandra Helena Unêda-Trevisoli ◽  
Wallace De Sousa Leite ◽  
Alysson Jalles da Silva ◽  
Fabiana Mota da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Important Study ◽  
Genotypic Correlations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Path analysis is an important study that slices the correlation coefficients between two variables to evaluate whether the relationship between them is of cause and effect. This study aimed to estimate the phenotypic and genotypic correlations between agronomic traits and perform a path analysis in order to identify variables for indirect selection aiming at a higher grain yield. Fourteen soybean F6 lines from the soybean breeding program of FCAV–UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil, were analyzed. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications. The agronomic traits plant height at maturity (PHM), first pod height (FPH), lodging (Ld), agronomic value (AV), number of pods per plant (NP), number of seeds per plant (NS), and grain yield (GY) were evaluated. Overall, the genotypic correlations were higher than their corresponding phenotypic correlations. The genotypic correlations between grain yield and the traits agronomic value, number of pods per plant, and number of seeds per plant were positive, significant, and of high magnitude. Path analysis showed that the trait number of seeds per plant had the highest direct effect on grain yield, while the trait number of pods per plant had the highest indirect effect through the number of seeds per plant on grain yield

scholarly journals Genotypic variation of agronomic traits as well as concentrations of Fe, Zn, P and phytate in soybean cultivars

Revista CERES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilma Portela Oliveira ◽  
Valdemar Faquin ◽  
Alisson Lucrécio da Costa ◽  
Kalynka Gabriella do Livramento ◽  
Paulo Jorge de Pinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
World Population ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Edible Parts

ABSTRACT The staple diet of most of the world population is provided by cereal, which present levels of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) below the nutritional demand of humans. Other factors that may substantially interfere for the low intake of Fe and Zn are the anti- nutritional factors present in the edible parts of plants, such as heavy metals and phytate. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the genotypic variation in terms of yield (kg ha-1), plant height, insertion height of first pod, as well as concentrations of Fe, Zn, phosphorus (P) and the anti-nutrient phytate in grains of 24 soybean cultivars and to identify cultivars with potential for biofortification. The field experiment was conducted in Rio Verde, state of Goiás by the technological center of COMIGO. The experimental design used in the study was a randomized block design with 24 treatments and three replications. The results showed that there is genotypic variation for grain yield (kg ha-1), plant height, and insertion height of first pod, as well as for the concentrations of Zn, Fe, P and concentration of anti-nutient phytate in grains among the soybean cultivars. Non-significant or low correlations were found among the evaluated parameters except for the relationship between P and phytate (r=0.733). The diversity found among soybean cultivars offers genotypes such as 8197RR, M 7908RR and BRS 262 with potential to develop cultivars with better ability to accumulate nutrients in grains.

scholarly journals Resistance of popcorn hybrid (Zea mays) to multiple diseases and correlation between leaf disease intensity and agronomic traits

2020 ◽  
pp. 1800-1809
Author(s):  
Juliana Saltires Santos ◽  
Marcelo Vivas, Yure Pequeno de Souza ◽  
Antonio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior ◽  
Rafael Nunes de Almeida ◽  
Julio Cesar Gradice Saluci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Complete Diallel Cross

Grain yield and popcorn quality losses have become more common due to attacks by pathogens responsible for leaf diseases. Genetic resistance is the main control measure, as it is applicable in large areas and uses reduced costs and less environmental impact, compared to chemical control. In this context, the purpose was to select popcorn hybrids that meet resistance to Exserohilum turcicum, Bipolaris maydis, and Puccinia polysora and to have high levels of popping expansion and grain yield. We took into account two growing seasons (summer harvest - October 2014 to January 2015 - and winter harvest- April to July 2015). Twenty-eight hybrids from the complete diallel cross scheme were evaluated, among eight inbred lines (P8, P1, L55, L61, L70, L76, L77 and L88). For this purpose, we used a randomized block design with four replicates in two growing seasons. The traits investigated were the incidence of P. polysora (IPP), B. maydis (IBM), and E. turcicum (IET); severity of P. polysora (SPP), B. maydis (SBM), and E. turcicum (SET); grain yield (GY); and popping expansion (PE). Data from the experiments were submitted to the principal component analysis (PCA) through the R software. Results showed that the traits IET and IPP in the summer harvest, and IET and SET, in the winter harvest, were the most significant in the select of hybrids. The P8 x L76 and L70 x P8 hybrids were selected for summer harvest and the L77 x L61 hybrid, for winter harvest

scholarly journals Agronomic traits in common bean are influenced by infestation and coexistence with volunteer maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adalin Cezar Moraes de Aguiar ◽  
Diecson Ruy Orsolin da Silva ◽  
Claudir José Basso ◽  
Bruna Dal’Pizol Novello ◽  
Álvaro André Alba da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Infestation Level ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Common

ABSTRACT Maize seeds lost during harvest may emerge and establish themselves during the cultivation of common bean, becoming a problematic weed in succession crops. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the infestation level and interference period of volunteer maize on agronomic traits of common bean. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, with four replications, in a 2 x 8 factorial scheme consisting of two maize infestation levels (4 plants m-2 and 12 plants m-2) combined with eight coexistence periods between crop and weed (0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 and 88 days after the emergence of the common bean). Variables related to the common bean vegetative growth (plant height, stem diameter, number of side branches and shoot dry matter) and to its grain production (number of pods per plant, grain yield and weight of 1,000 grains), as well as the period prior to interference, were assessed. The increase of the coexistence period and volunteer maize infestation level negatively affected the common bean growth and grain yield. The densities with 4 plants m-2 and 12 plants m-2 of volunteer maize reduced the common bean grain yield by 60 % and 84 %, respectively; while the periods prior to interference between crop and weed, for the respective infestation levels, were 15 and 8 days after the common bean emergence. In addition, the volunteer maize reduces the period prior to interference to very low values, indicating the need to anticipate the control of this weed.

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