scholarly journals Quality of millet seeds at different positions of the panicle

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Martinatti ◽  
Erikson Kadoshe Morais Raimundo ◽  
Marina Barros Zacharias ◽  
Patricia Marluci da Conceição ◽  
Victor Augusto Forti
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Lower Mass ◽  
Mass Percentage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Possible Cause

ABSTRACT Many factors may interfere in the quality of millet seeds; however, it is not known whether the location at different positions of the panicle may affect this quality. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of millet seeds produced at different positions of the panicle using uniformity, 1,000-seed mass, water content, X-ray, germination, seedling length, seedling dry matter mass, cold and health tests. The panicles were divided into five equidistant portions (proximal 1, proximal 2, intermediary, distal 1 and distal 2), starting from the panicle insertion. It was observed that there are differences among the positions of the seeds in the panicles related to the physical, physiological and health characteristics. The seeds located at the ends of the panicles presented a lower mass and physiological potential. The highest occurrence of Fusarium sp. was verified in the seeds from the proximal 1 portion, what might indicate a possible cause for the reduction in the physiological potential. Seeds from the intermediary portion present a higher mass, percentage of intact seeds and physiological potential.

scholarly journals Physiological and sanitary quality of maize seeds preconditioned in ozonated water

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 360-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian V. Maximiano ◽  
Ricardo Carmona ◽  
Nara O. S. Souza ◽  
Ernandes R. de Alencar ◽  
Luiz E. B. Blum
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Field Solution ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Natural Drying ◽  
Ozonated Water

ABSTRACT The technique of controlled hydration of seeds has been used as a method of physiological conditioning to improve their performance in the field. Solution aeration with ozone gas is a promising option in controlling phytopathogens. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the physiological and sanitary quality of maize seeds preconditioned in ozonated water. In the evaluation of the physiological and sanitary quality, maize seeds were submitted to four concentrations of ozone gas (0, 10, 20 and 30 mg L-1) for five soaking periods (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min), with four replicates. Preconditioning maize seeds in ozonated water, followed by natural drying, resulted in a more pronounced initial development of seedlings, measured by means of the emergence speed index, seedling dry matter, seedling length and radicle length, compared with untreated seeds. The initial development of maize seedlings was intensified by the exposure of seeds to water, especially at 0 and 30 mg L-1 ozone concentrations during the period from 60 to 90 min. Preconditioning maize seeds in ozonated water did not affect the control of Fusarium sp. The fungicide Carbendazim + Thiram resulted in 100% control of Fusarium sp. in the seeds.

scholarly journals Vigor tests in seeds creole of Phaseolus lunatus L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria das Graças Rodrigues do Nascimento ◽  
Maria Lúcia Maurício da Silva ◽  
Edna Ursulino Alves ◽  
Caroline Marques Rodrigues ◽  
Maria Joelma da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Seed Analysis ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Physiological Quality

Seeds with a good physiological quality are essential to high productivity. However, for some seeds, Phaseolus lunatus L., the viability and vigor analyze show deficiency in quality. This work aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of Phaseolus lunatus L. seeds using several vigor tests. The study was realized at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis of the Agricultural Sciences Center of the Federal University of Paraíba, in Areia – PB, Brazil. We used seeds from five cultivars of P. lunatus (Branca, Orelha de Vó, Cearense, Rosinha, and Roxinha). To determine the physiological quality, we measured the water content, the viability and vigor test (germination, emergence, electrical conductivity, tetrazolium, first germination count and emergence, seedling length and dry mass). We used a completely randomized design for seeds evaluation, and the field test was performed in randomized blocks. The water content of P. lunatus did not differ among the cultivars, indicating a uniformity in the percentage of moisture. Also, the percentage and speed of emergency and the dry mass of seedlings did not differ among the varieties. The tetrazolium and electrical conductivity tests indicated that Rosinha cultivar had the worst viability concerning the other cultivars, showing a low percentage of living tissue and lower electrical conductivity. The seeds of Roxinha cultivar had the better physiological quality, and the Cearense cultivar had the worst quality evaluation. We recommend the tetrazolium test but not the electrical conductivity test to evaluate the vigor of P. lunatus.

scholarly journals Effects Of Storage Conditions On The Quality Of Unripe Hazelnuts In The Husk

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogumił Markuszewski ◽  
Jan Kopytowski
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Controlled Atmosphere ◽  
Storage Diseases ◽  
Controlled Atmospheres

Abstract The purpose of the study was to assess the storability of unripe hazelnuts in the husk of four cultivars: ‘Hall’s Giant’, ‘Catalan’, ‘Webb’s Prize Cob’ and ‘Cosford’. The nuts were stored in normal and controlled atmospheres, and in Xtend® bags for three months. A quality assessment was performed based on the following parameters: weight of the nut in the husk and without the husk, weight of the kernel, percentage of nuts with husk attached, dry matter content in kernels, infection with fungal diseases, and the presence of physiological disorders. The study demonstrated that hazelnuts stored in Xtend® bags and under a controlled atmosphere had a higher weight for the nut in the husk and without the husk, as well as a higher weight of the kernel and water content when compared to batches of hazelnuts stored in a normal atmosphere. The percentage of nuts remaining in the husk was also higher when stored under such conditions. For the majority of investigated cultivars the storage in Xtend® bags, and to a lesser extent under normal atmosphere conditions, resulted in a substantial increase in nuts infected with fungal and abiotic diseases. Among investigated cultivars, ‘Hall’s Giant’ turned out to be the most resistant to storage diseases.

scholarly journals X-ray test on passion fruit seeds submitted to different aryl removal methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-362
Author(s):  
Rogerio Luciano Severiano ◽  
Paloma Rayane Pinheiro ◽  
Francisco Guilhien Gomes Junior ◽  
Andre Dantas de Medeiros ◽  
MARCIO DIAS PEREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Local Market ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Water Degumming ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

Passion fruit seeds present germination problems which are mainly attributed to growth regulating substances present in aryl. The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of passion fruit seeds submitted to different aryl removal methods by the X-ray test compared to the traditional viability and vigor tests. Seeds extracted from giant yellow passion fruit were purchased from a local market and then subjected to the following aryl removal techniques: water degumming, sand rubbing, mechanical blending, fermentation and virgin lime. After aryl removal, the seeds were submitted to a physiological quality evaluation by the moisture degree, germination, first germination count, germination speed, and seedling length, and also a physical quality evaluation by X-ray test. The treatments using fermentation and virgin lime were harmful to the seeds and the aryl removal techniques of passion fruit seeds by means of degumming in water, sand friction and mechanically with a blender presented the best results. The X-ray test was efficient in identifying mechanical damage and deformations in passion fruit seeds.

scholarly journals Mechanical Damages and Chemical Treatments in the Quality of Maize Seeds Stored

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 482
Author(s):  
Bárbara Gomes Ribeiro ◽  
Raquel Maria de Oliveira Pires ◽  
Tatiana Botelho Fantazzini ◽  
Hesoisa Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
Dayliane Bernardes de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Current System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Fusarium Sp

The current system of seeds production is highly mechanized and these operations can contribute to losses in quality due the incidence of mechanical damages. The objective in this work was to study the effect of the chemical treatment and the storage on quality of maize seeds with mechanical damages. The seeds used were individually analyzed through X-ray test for the obtainment of three lots; 1-seeds without separation, 2-seeds without mechanical damages and 3-seeds with mechanical damages. The lots were evaluated according the physiological quality, sanity and enzymatic analyzes before and after the chemical treatment with the insecticide Maxim Advanced® and the fungicide Cruiser® and also after 90 days of storage. The chemical treatment of maize seeds is efficient in the control of pathogens, like Fusarium sp. The performance of seeds with internal and external damages can be maintained for 90 days when treated with fungicides and insecticides and stored in environment conditions. The isoenzymatic patterns of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), confirmed the higher deterioration of non-treated seeds during the storage. The mechanical damages found in seeds contribute to the reduction of viability and vigor of maize seeds.

scholarly journals CONSERVATION OF SEEDS OF Myrcianthes pungens (Berg) Legr. IN DIFFERENT PACKAGING IN A CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT1

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Gibbert ◽  
Marlene de Matos Malavasi ◽  
Ubirajara Contro Malavasi ◽  
João Alexandre Lopes Dranski
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Glass Containers ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Plastic Containers ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

ABSTRACT Studying the physiological and biochemical behavior of Myrcianthes pungens seeds stored in different packages for up to ten months was the objective of this work. Seeds were collected in Toledo, Pato Bragado, and Marechal Cândido Rondon and stored in a cold and dry chamber (11 ºC and 6,3% RH) for ten months. The germination test and the germination speed index (GSI), the seedling length (SL), the seedling dry matter mass (DMS), and the tetrazolium (ZT) test were performed and, for each evaluation, the water content was determined. Non-parametric analysis was used. During storage, the water content of the seeds in the plastic and glass containers varied little, but decreased in the paper packaging. The germination was maintained for ten months when the seeds were stored in plastic containers and for two months in the glass and paper ones. The variables GSI, SL, and DMS presented upwards and downwards variations during the storage period. The ZT revealed that, in the plastic packaging, the seeds remained viable for up to ten months, in glass, up to two months, and in paper, up to four months. Therefore, seeds of Myrcianthes pungens with high initial quality can be stored in a cold and dry chamber in plastic bags, maintaining viability and vigor for a period of ten months

scholarly journals Image analysis of papaya seeds submitted to sarcotesta removal methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-467
Author(s):  
Rogério Luciano Severiano ◽  
Paloma Rayane Pinheiro ◽  
Francisco Guilhien Gomes Júnior ◽  
Andréa Celina Ferreira Demartelaere ◽  
Márcio Dias Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Sieve Method ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Papaya Seeds

ABSTRACT The germination of papaya seeds is slow and uneven, usually due to inhibitors present in the sarcotesta; however, some removal procedures may cause physical damage, negatively interfering in the physiological quality and field performance. This study aimed to evaluate the physical and physiological quality of papaya seeds submitted to methods of sarcotesta removal by image analysis. Papaya Formosa ‘Tainung 01' seeds were submitted to the following methods of sarcotesta removal: fermentation + sieve, sand + sieve, sieve and blender + sieve. After the sarcotesta removal, the seeds were submitted to tests of germination, first germination count, germination speed and seedling length. For the image analysis, the seeds without sarcotesta were submitted to the X-ray test and to a computerized analysis of seedling images by the SVIS® software. The methods used were only promising for the sarcotesta removal, while the blender + sieve method obtained the highest physical and physiological seed quality, in addition to performing the best sarcotesta removal. However, the image analysis using the SVIS® software allowed to identify the high physical and physiological seed quality using the blender + sieve method, which promoted the highest efficiency in removing the sarcotesta.

Water in Montmorillonites

2010 ◽  
Vol 666 ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Sláviková ◽  
Martina Iskrová ◽  
Viktor Majerník ◽  
Ondrej Šauša ◽  
Jozef Krištiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependence ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Free Volume ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Positron Lifetime ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mass Percentage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Content

Positron lifetime was measured for pure and water filled montmorillonites (MMT) at room temperature. The size of free volume was correlated with interlayer distances from X-ray diffraction for different content of water in MMT. Free volume in samples with water content above 10 % (mass percentage) is smaller in comparison with bulk water. Time dependence of release of water from MMT under vacuum will be discussed.

scholarly journals Physiological potential of corn seeds treated with different dosages of molybdenum and potassium

2021 ◽  
pp. 411-418
Author(s):  
Gisely Paula Gomes ◽  
◽  
Robison Alesandro de Queiroz ◽  
Lúcia Sadayo Assari Takahashi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Physiological Quality

Corn is important in agriculture for its dual is uses as food and animal feed. The use of quality seeds is fundamental for outcomes in the field. The treatment of seeds with molybdenum may increase the productive capacity and uniformity of the corn. For this to work, the amount applied to the seeds must be adequate to promote development and increase the final crop production. Thus, the objective of this work was to verify the effects of molybdenum and potassium application on the germination and vigor of corn seeds. The physiological quality of the seeds was evaluated by germination, first count, seedling length (shoot and root), seedling dry matter mass, emergence, and the cold test. Six treatments (T1–T6) were performed, with T1 free of molybdenum and potassium and the others with varying dosages. The seeds were treated with a commercial product that containing molybdenum and potassium. The design was completely randomized, with four replications and six treatments. Smaller doses of molybdenum resulted in a higher percentage of normal seedlings. Based on the length and dry mass of the seedlings, it was verified that maize seeds were negatively impacted by increasing doses of molybdenum and potassium. In the emergence tests in sand, treatments T5 and T6 presented a greater number of seedlings. The physiological quality of corn seeds was not significantly influenced by the application of molybdenum and potassium in the first count and germination results in the cold and germination tests.

scholarly journals Damage of wheat blast on the productivity and quality of seeds as a function of the initial inoculum in the field

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delineide Pereira Gomes ◽  
Valterley Soares Rocha ◽  
Olinto Liparini Pereira ◽  
Moacil Alves de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Abstract: Information on damages caused by blast (Pyricularia oryzae) on wheat seed productivity is still scarce, especially studies on the effect of this on germination and vigor. This study aimed at evaluating blast damages on the productivity and quality of wheat seeds as a function of the initial inoculum in the field. Treatments were arranged in factorial 4x5: inoculations in four wheat genotypes (BRS 264, CD 116, CD 104 and VI 98053) with five doses of initial inoculum of P. oryzae (0, 5, 10, 20 and 30% of inoculated plants). The inoculation occurred in the stage of completely emerged spikes. The following determinations were made: incidence of blast in plants, dry matter mass of 100 plants, seed mass of 100 plants, productivity, germination, first count, germination speed index, dry mass of seedlings, hectolitric weight and incidence of P. oryzae in the seeds. There is a reduction in the productivity and physiological quality of the seeds of the genotypes due to the initial inoculum in the field. The transmission of P. oryzae occurs from the mother plant to the wheat seeds. In these genotypes, it is recommended not to use as seeds the ones coming from fields with blast incidence from 20% on in the plants, close to seed maturation.

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