scholarly journals Effect of time-temperature binomial in obtaining biochemical oxygen demand of different wastewaters

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateus P. de Matos ◽  
Alisson C. Borges ◽  
Antonio T. de Matos ◽  
Edson F. da Silva ◽  
Mauro A. Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Septic Tanks ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Biodegradable Organic Matter

Studies on the effects of temperature and time of incubation of wastewater samples for the estimation of biodegradable organic matter through the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), that nowadays are rare, considering that the results of the classic study of STREETER & PHELPS(1925) have been accepted as standard. However, there are still questions how could be possible to reduce the incubation time; whether the coefficient of temperature (θ) varies with the temperature and with the type of wastewater and if it approaches 1.047. Aiming the elucidation of these questions, wastewater samples of dairy, swine and sewage treated in septic tanks were incubated at temperatures of 20, 30 and 35 °C, respectively for 5, 3.16 and 2.5 days. From the parameter of deoxygenation coefficient at 20 °C (k20), θ30 and θ35 were calculated. The results indicated that θ values changes with the type of wastewater, however does not vary in the temperature range between 30 and 35 °C, and that the use of 1.047 value did not implied significant differences in obtaining k in a determined T temperature. Thus, it is observed that the value of θ can be used to estimate the required incubation time of the samples at different temperatures.

scholarly journals Pengukuran Parameter Bahan Organik Di Perairan Sungai Silugonggo, Kecamatan Juwana, Kabupaten Pati

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-306
Author(s):  
Erick Samuel Frederico Hasibuan ◽  
Endang Supriyantini ◽  
Sunaryo Sunaryo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Fishing Industry ◽  
Total Organic Matter ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Wastewater Quality

Perairan Silugonggo merupakan area pemukiman warga dengan banyak aktivitas perikanan dan kelautan seperti: pertambakan, industri perikanan dan merupakan alur pelayaran. Tingginya aktivitas pemukiman dan industri akan menghasilkan limbah organik dalam jumlah besar. Bahan organik yang melimpah dapat menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan bahan organik di perairan sungai Silugonggo, Kecamatan Juwana, Kabupaten Pati. Kandungan bahan organik diketahui melalui analisis parameter TOM (Total Organic Matter), BOD5 (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) dan COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand). Pengambilan sampel dilaksanakan pada tanggal 20 Desember 2019 dan 20 Januari 2020. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode kasus dengan pengamatan secara langsung di lapangan dan penentuan lokasi penelitian menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Hasil pengukuran parameter penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai TOM sebesar 8,11 – 11,9 mg/L. Hasil pengukuran parameter (a) BOD5 sebesar 8,07 – 24,66 mg/L dan (b) COD sebesar 26,04 – 79,21 mg/L, hasil tersebut berada di bawah baku mutu yang ditetapkan menurut Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 51 Tahun 2004 tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah. Tingginya nilai TOM dikarenakan banyaknya masukan limbah bahan organik dari aktivitas di perairan sungai Silugonggo, seperti: pertambakan, industri perikanan, dan alur pelayaran. Silugonggo waters is a residential area with many fishery and marine activities such as: aquaculture, fishing industry and shipping lanes. High residential and industrial activities will produce large amounts of organic waste. Abundant organic matter can cause environmental pollution. This study aims to determine the content of organic matter in the waters of the Silugonggo River, Juwana District, Pati Regency. The content of organic matter is known through parameter analysis of TOM (Total Organic Matter), BOD5 (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand). Sampling was carried out on December 20, 2019 and January 20, 2020. The method used in this study used the method of direct observation in the field and the date of the research location using the purposive sampling method. The results of the measurement of research parameters were analyzed using analysis of variance. The results showed that the TOM value was 8.11–11.9 mg/L. Parameter measurement results (a) BOD5 of 8.07–24.66 mg/L and (b) COD of 26.04–79.21 mg/L, these results are below the quality standard stipulated according to the Decree of the Minister of the Environment No. 51 of 2004 concerning Wastewater Quality Standards. The high value of TOM is due to the large number of inputs of organic matter from activities in the waters of the Silugonggo river, such as: aquaculture, fishing industry, and shipping lanes.

Methanogenesis in sediments from deep lakes at different temperatures (2–70°C)

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla N. Nozhevnikova ◽  
C. Holliger ◽  
A. Ammann ◽  
A. J. B. Zehnder
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Deep Lakes ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Thermophilic Conditions ◽  
Different Temperatures

Methanogenic degradation of organic matter occurs in a wide temperature range from psychrophilic to extreme thermophilic conditions. Mesophilic and thermophilic methanogenesis is relatively well investigated, but little is known about low temperature methanogenesis and psychrophilic methanogenic communities. The aim of the present work was to study methanogenesis in a wide range of temperatures with samples from sediments of deep lakes. These sediments may be considered deposits of different types of microorganisms, which are constantly exposed to low temperatures. The main question was how psychrophilic methanogenic microbial communities compare to mesophilic and thermophilic ones. Methanogenesis in a temperature range of 2–70°C was investigated using sediment samples from Baldegger lake (65 m) and Soppen lake (25 m), Switzerland. Methane production from organic matter of sediments occurred at all temperatures tested. An exponential dependence of methane production rate was found between 2 and 30°C. Methanogenesis occurred even at 70°C. At the same time stable methane production from organic matter of sediments was observed at temperatures below 10°C. Methanogenic microbial communities were enriched at different temperatures. The communities enriched at 4–8°C had the highest activity at low temperatures indicating that a specific psychrophilic community exists. Addition of substrates such as cellulose, volatile fatty acids (butyrate, propionate, acetate), methanol and H2/CO2 stimulated methane production at all temperatures. H2/CO2 as well as methanol were directly converted to methane under thermophilic conditions. At low temperatures these substrates were converted to methane by a two-step process. First acetate was formed, followed by methane production from acetate. When acetate concentrations were high, acetoclastic methanogenesis was inhibited at low temperatures. This reaction appears to be one of the “bottle neck” in psychrophilic methanogenesis.

scholarly journals Effluent Quality of Wet Process Coffee Processing Factories in Coffee Growing Ecological Zones in Burundi

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bisekwa E ◽  
Njogu PM ◽  
Kufa-Obso T
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Processing Technology ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Field And Laboratory Conditions

Arabica coffee is cultivated by smallholders for commercial purposes, and it is commonly processed using wet Coffee Processing Technology. Burundi has more than 250 Coffee Processing factories which discharge their effluents to water bodies. The goal of this study was to determine the levels of physicochemical parameters in wastewater from Coffee Processing Technology factories in major coffee growing ecological zones in Burundi. Wastewater samples were collected from 19 sites representing private, public and cooperative owned coffee processing stations. Physicochemical analyses were determined in-situ field and laboratory conditions using standard procedures. Results indicate that the wastewater does not meet Burundi Effluent Discharge standards for Total Suspended solids, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, pH. The data revealed that the wet coffee processing pollutes the environment in terms of pH, Total Suspended solids, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Biochemical Oxygen Demand. There is need to install quality polishing technologies to treat the water before disposal.

Influence of temperature on the activity of anammox granular biomass

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 2518-2525 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sobotka ◽  
K. Czerwionka ◽  
J. Makinia
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Granular Biomass

The aim of this study was to determine a short-term and long-term effect of temperature on the anammox rate and determination of temperature coefficients in the Arrhenius and Ratkowsky equations. The short-term effects of temperature on the anammox granular biomass were investigated in batch tests at ten different temperatures in the range of 10–55 °C. The maximum overall nitrogen removal rate of 1.3 gN gVSS−1·d−1 was observed at 40 °C (VSS: volatile suspended solids). The minimum rate, close to 0 gN gVSS−1·d−1, was observed for the limits of the analyzed temperature range (10 and 55 °C). The activity tests carried out at 55 °C showed an irreversible loss of the activity due to the observed biomass lysis. Subsequently to the batch tests, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was operated at different temperatures (from 30 to 11 °C) to determine the long-term effects of temperature. The system was successfully operated at 15 °C, but when temperature was decreased to 11 °C, nitrite started to accumulate and the system lost its stability. The temperature coefficient (θ) was 1.07 for the batch tests carried out in the temperature range of 10–40 °C. In contrast, during the long-term SBR operation, substantially different θ had to be estimated for two temperature ranges, 1.07 (T = 15–30 °C) and 1.65 (T = 11–15 °C).

Suitability of a Treatment Wetland for Dairy Wastewaters

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Geary ◽  
J. A. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Treatment Wetland ◽  
Detention Time ◽  
Average Mass

A treatment wetland was constructed as part of a waste management system for dairy parlour waters and the performance of the wetland in reducing organic matter and nutrients monitored for a two-year period. The wetland was designed for a herd size of 110 with a detention time of approximately 10-14 days. Hydraulic loads to the wetland averaged 25 mm/day, although there were wide fluctuations due to rainfall and water use within the dairy. Average mass loadings to the wetland were 5.6 g/m2/d for Biochemical Oxygen Demand, 2.6 g/m2/d for Organic Nitrogen, 3.2 g/m2/d for Ammonia and 1.5 g/m2/d for Total Phosphorus. Monitoring results from the system indicated that significant BOD reductions were achieved, while Nitrogen and Phosphorus removals were variable but smaller. Calculated mean monthly pollutant reductions due to the treatment wetland were 61% for BOD, 43% for Organic Nitrogen, 26% for NH3 and 28% for TP. The wetland received high hydraulic and pollutant loads and appeared to act as a sink for the nutrients which were removed. At this scale it did not appear to be suitable as a treatment option for significantly reducing nutrients in this type of agricultural waste.

scholarly journals Studi Kandungan Bahan Organik Pada Beberapa Muara Sungai Di Kawasan Ekosistem Mangrove, Di Wilayah Pesisir Pantai Utara Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Endang Supriyantini ◽  
Ria Azizah Tri Nuraini ◽  
Anindya Putri Fadmawati
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Total Organic Matter

Bahan organik adalah kumpulan senyawa - senyawa organik kompleks yang telah mengalami proses dekomposisi oleh organisme pengurai, baik berupa humus hasil humifikasi maupun senyawa-senyawa anorganik hasil mineralisasi. Bahan organik merupakan sumber nutrient yang penting, yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh organisme laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis parameter kandungan bahan organik meliputi BOD5 (Biochemical Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), TSS (Total Suspended Solid), TDS (Total Suspended Solid) dan TOM (Total Organic Matter) dan menentukan tingkat pencemaran bahan organik berdasarkan baku mutu pada beberapa muara sungai di kawasan ekosistem mangrove, di wilayah pesisir pantai Utara Kota Semarang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2015. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif, sedangkan penentuan lokasi penelitian menggunakan metode purposive sampling method dan untuk pengambilan sampel air menggunakan metode sample survey method. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kandungan parameter bahan organik selama penelitian di semua lokasi adalah BOD (3,77 – 15,13 mg/L), COD (20,33 – 140,67 mg/L), TSS (1,33 – 13,67 mg/L), TDS (818,33 – > 2.000 mg/L) dan TOM (10,73 – 50 mg/L). Secara umum kandungan COD dan TSS di Maron dan Trimulyo sudah melewati ambang batas baku mutu menurut Keputusan Menteri Negara Kependudukan dan Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 2 Tahun 1988 tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah, sedangkan untuk kandungan BOD, TSS dan TOM belum melampaui ambang batas baku mutu yang telah ditetapkan oleh Keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 51 Tahun 2004.

scholarly journals Microbial fuel cell biosensor for the determination of biochemical oxygen demand of wastewater samples containing readily and slowly biodegradable organics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Márk Tardy ◽  
Bálint Lóránt ◽  
Miklós Gyalai-Korpos ◽  
Vince Bakos ◽  
David Simpson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Total Charge ◽  
Real Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Samples

Abstract Objectives Single-chamber air cathode microbial fuel cells (MFCs) were applied as biosensors for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) measurement of real wastewaters with considerable suspended and/or slowly biodegradable organic content. Results The measurement method consists of batch sample injection, continuous measurement of cell voltage and calculation of total charge (Q) gained during the biodegradation of organic content. Diverse samples were analyzed: acetate and peptone samples containing only soluble readily biodegradable substrates; corn starch and milk samples with suspended and colloidal organics; real domestic and brewery wastewaters. Linear regression fitted to the Q vs. BOD5 measurement points of the real wastewaters provided high (> 0.985) R2 values. Time requirement of the measurement varied from 1 to 4 days, depending on the composition of the sample. Conclusions Relative error of BOD measured in the MFCs comparing with BOD5 was less than 10%, thus the method might be a good basis for the development of on-site automatic BOD sensors for real wastewater samples.

Effects of temperature on white water treatment by the dominant bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-xia Lan ◽  
Da Yang ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Hong-jian Qiao ◽  
Chun-qian Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
White Water ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
Dominant Bacteria

Abstract Three dominant bacteria including Virgibacillus pantothenticus, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus subtilis were screened from an activated sludge domesticated via white water in the laboratory. The treatment effects of chemical oxygen demand (COD), electrical conductivity and cationic demand (CD) of the white water by three dominant bacteria were studied in different temperatures. The results showed that the optimum metabolic temperature of the three dominant bacteria was 30 °C with the tested range of 20 °C to 60 °C. The best treatment effect was tended to be stable at a hydraulic retention time of 14 h, COD removal rate was 67.69 %, 77 % and 75.38 %, the electrical conductivity decreased by 0.86 mS/cm, 0.86 mS/cm and 0.62 mS/cm and the CD decreased by 45.61 %, 73.68 % and 50 % for V. pantothenticus, B. cereus, and B. subtilis, respectively.

scholarly journals Removal Organic Matter and of Phosphates Using Photochemical and Biological Methods for the Treatment of Municipal Wastewater in Peru

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Chlorella Sp ◽  
Microalgae Culture ◽  
Uv Lamp

In this work, the percentage of removal of organic matter and phosphates from municipal wastewater of the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Puca Puca, Ayacucho Region, Peru was determined by applying the combined method of photochemical water treatment and biological, which consists of coupling the photolysis process and the microalgae culture technique using Chlorella sp. The experience was carried out at the laboratory level using a photoreactor with an ultraviolet (UV) lamp for the photolysis process and a set of bioreactors that were illuminated with a light emitting diode (LED) lamp and continuously injected with CO2 from the air and a pure gas system during the biological process. Finally, with the application of the integrated photochemical and biological method, it was possible to reduce the organic matter of the municipal wastewater of the Puca Puca WWTP from 226 to 102.6 mg/L (54.60%) and from 93 to 55.17 mg/L (40.68%) for chemical and biochemical oxygen demand respectively; and phosphates from 6.8 to 4.1 mg/L (33.82%). A similar performance was observed in the cultivation of microalgae with wastewater without prior treatment with Photolysis. In this case, the decrease in chemical and biochemical oxygen demand was from 226 to 90.9 mg/L (59.78%) and from 93 to 48.78 mg/L (47.55%) respectively, and phosphates from 6.8 to 4 mg/L (41.18%).

scholarly journals Physicochemical analysis of water and sediments of Usuma Dam, Abuja, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Ifenna Ilechukwu ◽  
Tolulope Abisola Olusina ◽  
Odinaka Chidinma Echeta
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Total Organic Matter ◽  
Inorganic Matter

AbstractUsuma Dam is the major source of potable water in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. The physicochemical properties of water and sediment of the dam was assessed in this study to determine its quality. Electrical conductivity, pH, nitrate, phosphate, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, chloride, total hardness, phosphate, nitrate and sulfate were determined in the water samples. Total organic matter, total organic carbon and particle size were among the parameters analyzed in sediments. The parameters were within recommended limits except for biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand which were more than the recommended limit of 10 mg/L and 30 mg/L respectively. The total organic matter and the total organic carbon in the sediment samples were between 1.56±0.27 – 2.85±0.20 % and 0.13±0.03 – 0.96±0.03 % respectively. The particle size was in the following order: sand > silt > clay. The results of this study confirmed the presence of high organic and inorganic matter in the dam from non-point pollution sources occasioned by storm water from poorly planned settlements around the dam and runoffs from agricultural practices.

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