scholarly journals Influence of coffee pruning on the severity of frost damage

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Androcioli Filho ◽  
Paulo Henrique Caramori
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
W State ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Frost Risk ◽  
Plagiotropic Branches

Frost damages in a field experiment of pruning types and systems for the cultivars of Coffea arabica Catuaí and Mundo Novo, were evaluated at Londrina (23º22’S, 52º10´W), State of Parana, southern Brazil, during the winter of 1990 and 1994. Pruning types evaluated were ‘esqueletamento’ (cutting off all plagiotropic branches at 20-30 cm from the orthotropic branch), ‘decote’ (cutting off the orthotropic branch at 1.5 m and 2.0 m above ground) and ‘recepa’ (cutting off the orthotropic branch at 0.8 m above ground), performed on all rows and on alternate rows, and on different sections of the plant. Results indicated that frost damage could increase according to the type and height of pruning. The pruning type ‘esqueletamento’ and prunings at higher levels were more suitable for regions with frost risk. Under severe frost condition, pruning type did not affect the damage in anyone of the treatments evaluated.

scholarly journals Selection of coffee progenies for resistance to nematode Meloidogyne paranaensis in infested area

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Maria Lima Salgado ◽  
Juliana Costa de Rezende ◽  
José Airton Rodrigues Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Genotypic Association ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Plagiotropic Branches ◽  
Mixed Model Methodology ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of this study was to select Coffea arabica progenies for resistance to M. paranaensis in an infested coffee growing area using Henderson's mixed model methodology. Forty-one genotypes were selected at the Coffee Active Germplasm Bank of Minas Gerais, and evaluated in regard to stem diameter, number of plagiotropic branches, reaction to the nematode, and yield per plant. There was genetic variability among the genotypes studied for all the traits evaluated, and among the populations studied for yield and reaction to the nematode, indicating possibilities for obtaining genetic gains through selection in this population. There was high rate of genotypic association between all the traits studied. Coffee plants of Timor Hybrid UFV408-01 population, and F3 progenies derived from crossing Catuaí Vermelho and Amphillo MR 2161 were the most promising in the area infested by M. paranaensis.

scholarly journals Effects of ethephon and urea on ripening of fruits and leaf abscission of coffee (Coffea arábica L.)

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
Paulo R.C. Castro ◽  
José F. Franco ◽  
José D. Costa ◽  
Clarice G.B. Demétrio
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Phosphonic Acid ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Leaf Abscission ◽  
Coffee Plant ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of ethephon and urea on ripening of fruits and leaf abscission of coffee plant. Ethephon (2-chloroethane phosphonic acid) sprays were applied to green Coffea arábica berries 26 days before counting date in concentrations of 0.5 and 0.25 ml/1 from Ethrel (240 a.i./l). The chemical accelerated the onset of fruit ripening at both concentrations. The efficacy of ethephon was increased adding urea. Ethephon 0.5 ml/1 promoted abscission of leaves and low concentration reduced shedding of leaves. The treatments did not affect the growth and production on the next harvest.

Climatic warming and its effect on bud burst and risk of frost damage to white spruce in Canada

1998 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Colombo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Warming ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Freezing Damage ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Frost Risk

Temperature data from ten weather stations across Canada were used to model the effects of climate warming on the timing of bud burst and the risk of frost damage to white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss). There was evidence of increasingly earlier dates of bud break over the course of this century at half of the stations examined (Amos and Brome, Québec; Cochrane, Ontario; Fort Vermilion, Alberta; and Woodstock, New Brunswick), with the period 1981 to 1988 having the earliest predicted dates of bud burst (earliest degree day accumulation). Risk of frost damage at most stations in the 1980s was usually greater than in earlier periods. Weather data modelled for climate warming of 5 °C predicts that bud burst will occur two to four weeks sooner than was the case during 1961 to 1980 at all stations, but that this will generally be accompanied by decreased risk of frost after bud burst. However, while the expected trend is one of reduced frost risk in the future, as the climate gradually warms frost risk is expected to fluctuate upward or downward depending on interactions between provenance and local climate. Key words: bud burst, climate warming, dormancy, freezing damage, frost, global climate change, Picea glauca, white spruce

scholarly journals Increasing risks of apple tree frost damage under climate change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Menke ◽  
Peter Pfleiderer ◽  
Carl-Friedrich Schleussner
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Frost Risk ◽  
Compound Event ◽  
Climate Simulations ◽  
Plant Characteristics ◽  
Phenological Phases

<p>The impacts of global warming on agriculture and crop production are already visible today and are projected to intensify in the future. As horticultural and agricultural systems are complex organisms, their responses to changing climate can be non-linear and at times counter-intuitive. These systems undergo yearly cycles of growth with different plant characteristics in each of their phenological phases. They are thus especially sensitive to changes in seasonality besides changes in the annual mean and single extreme events.</p><p>Here we show that as a result of warmer winters, the risk of frost damages on apple trees in Germany is projected to be about 10% higher in a 2°C world compared to today. Warmer winters lead to less frost days but also to earlier apple blossom. This can result in overall increase in years where frost days occur after blossom.</p><p>Using large ensemble climate simulations, we analyze this compound event of frost days after blossom – frost days after warm winters. Although the projected shift in blossom day and the decrease in frost days is relatively homogeneous over Germany, the change in frost risk varies considerably between regions. Our results highlight the importance of treating frost risk as a compound event of frost days after warm winters instead of comparing the average shift in blossom days with the decrease in frost days.</p><p>Reference: Pfleiderer, P., Menke, I. & Schleussner, C.-F. Increasing risks of apple tree frost damage under climate change. Clim. Change (2019). doi:10.1007/s10584-019-02570-y</p>

scholarly journals Radiological impact of phosphogypsum surface application in a no-till system in Southern Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1456-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nivea Maria Piccolomini Dias ◽  
Eduardo Fávero Caires ◽  
Luiz Fernando Pires ◽  
Márcio Arruda Bacchi ◽  
Elisabete Aparecida de Nadai Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Small Reduction ◽  
No Till ◽  
Hpge Detectors ◽  
Radiological Impact ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this work was to determine the impact of phosphogypsum application on 226Ra and 228Ra activities in the soil and on their accumulation in soybean grains. A field experiment was carried out in Paraná state, Brazil, on a loamy Typic Hapludox, under no-till system, with increasing phosphogypsum rates: 4, 8, and 12 Mg ha-1. GammA ray spectrometry was carried out using HPGe detectors with 45 and 10% relative efficiencies, for soybean grains and soil, respectively. No increment of 226Ra and 228Ra activities was observed due to the increase in phosphogypsum rates in the soil, and a small reduction was noticed in the grains. Average values found for 226Ra and 228Ra activities were 37 and 57 Bq kg-1 in the soil and 1.44 and 3.19 Bq kg-1 in soybean grains. The application of phosphogypsum for no-till soybean production is a safe practice regarding the risks of radiation damage to human health

scholarly journals CRESCIMENTO DE CAFEEIROS SUBMETIDOS A CINCO LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO E TRÊS PARCELAMENTOS DE ADUBAÇÃO

Irriga ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wagner Martins da Cunha Vilella ◽  
Manoel Alves de Faria
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Branch Length ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Coffee Tree ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Splitting System ◽  
Coffea Arabica L ◽  
Plagiotropic Branches

Crescimento de cafeeiros submetidos a cinco lâminas de irrigação e três parcelamentos de adubação   Wagner Martins da Cunha VilellaManoel Alves de FariaDepartamento de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG. CP 37, CEP 37200-000. E-mail: [email protected]   1 RESUMO   Este estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de cinco lâminas de irrigação e três parcelamentos de adubação sobre o crescimento do cafeeiro, em experimento localizado no campus da Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG. Utilizando irrigação por gotejamento, testou-se cinco lâminas de irrigação correspondentes a 100%, 80%, 60%, 40% e 0% (sem irrigação) da evaporação do tanque Classe A (ECA). Todos os tratamentos receberam a mesma dosagem de adubação, divididas em três, seis e nove vezes, entre os meses de outubro a março de cada ano. Os tratamentos de irrigação influenciaram significativamente o diâmetro do caule, altura das plantas, diâmetro de copa, comprimento dos ramos plagiotrópicos e número de internódios nos ramos plagiotrópicos, sendo que a reposição de 100% da ECA proporcionou o maior índice de desenvolvimento destas características. O parcelamento da adubação influenciou o comprimento dos ramos plagiotrópicos, onde a divisão em nove parcelamentos obteve o melhor resultado. O número de ramos plagiotrópicos e o número de ramificações nos plagiotrópicos não sofreram influência de nenhum tratamento aplicado. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a irrigação favorece o crescimento dos cafeeiros, principalmente repondo-se 100% da ECA, e a divisão da adubação em três, seis ou nove vezes, pouco interfere em seu crescimento.  UNITERMOS: Coffea arabica L., manejo de água, fertirrigação.   VILELLA, W.M.C.; FARIA, M.A. de, Growth of coffee trees submitted to five irrigation depths and three fertilization splittings   2 abstract   This study aimed to evaluate the application effects of five water depths and three fertilization splittings on coffee tree growth. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Lavras, based on Lavras city, MG, Brazil. Five irrigation depths were tested through drip irrigation which corresponded  to 100%, 80%, 60%, 40% and 0% (without irrigation) Class A pan (ECA) evaporation. All treatments received the same fertilizer amount divided into three, six and nine splittings from April to October each year. The irrigation treatments significantly influenced stem diameter, plant height, canopy diameter, length of the plagiotropic branches and number of internodes in the plagiotropic branches. 100%  ECA provided the greatest growth index of these characteristics. Fertilizer splitting influenced plagiotropic branch length in which the nine splitting system provided the best result for this characteristic. Plagiotropic and secondary branch number were not affected by any applied treatment.  Irrigation has favored the coffee tree growth mainly through 100% ECA restitution. On the other hand, the fertilization splitting into three, six or nine times has had little effect on  its growth.  KEYWORDS: Coffea arabica L., water management, fertirrigation.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Jenis Pupuk Organik Cair Pada Berbagai Konsentrasi Terhadap Pertambahan Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
Nurleli Sapurah ◽  
Trisda Kurniawan ◽  
Erida Nurahmi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Branch Length ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Coffea Arabica L ◽  
Plagiotropic Branches

Abstrak. Kopi merupakan bahan minuman yang memiliki aroma, rasa dan khasiat yang khas biji kopi mengandung kafein, kafein banyak digunakan dalam bentuk obat, makanan dan minuman produksi kopi dipengaruhi oleh teknik budidaya tanaman kopi salah satunya bagian pemupukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis pupuk organik cair pada berbagai konsentrasi terhadap pertambahan pertumbuhan vegetatif kopi arabika. Penelitian ini dilaksanakaan di Kebun Rakyat Desa Keudah Penosan Sepakat Kecamatan Blangjerango Kabupaten Gayo Lues dari bulan April sampai Juni 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial 2 x 4 dan 3 ulangan, sehingga terdapat 24 satuan percobaan pada hasil uji F yang signifikan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Jujur taraf 5%. Faktor pertama adalah jenis pupuk organik cair dengan 2 taraf yaitu: pupuk organik cair nasa dan pupuk organik cair mol Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi dengan 4 taraf yaitu, 2, 4, 6, dan 8 cc L-1 air. Parameter yang diamati adalah pertambahan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, pertambahan pertumbuhan diameter pangkal batang, pertambahan pertumbuhan panjang cabang Plagiotrop, pertambahan pertumbuhan jumlah daun cabang plagiotrop dan pertambahan pertumbuhan jumlah cabang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis pupuk organik cair nasa berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertambahan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman umur 90, pertambahan pertumbuhan diameter pangkal batang umur 60 hari dan pertambahan pertumbuhan jumlah cabang plagiotrop umur 90 hari. Konsentrasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertambahan pertumbuhan panjang cabang plagiotrop umur 90 hari konsentrasi terbaik yaitu 2 cc L-1 air pada jenis pupuk Mol dan tidak terdapat intraksi nyata. The Effect Type of Liquid Organik Fertilizer at Varius Consentration Vegetative Growth Arabica Caffea (Coffea arabica L.) Abstract.Coffee is a beverage that has the aroma, taste and special quality. Coffee beans contains caffeine, caffeine is widely used as medicine, food and beverages. Coffee production is influenced by coffee cultivation techniques, one of the techniques is fertilization. This study aims to determine the effect of types of liquid organic fertilizer in various concentrations on the increasing of vegetative growth of arabica coffee. This research was carried out at citizenry plantation, Keudah Penosan Sepakat Village, Blangjerango District, Gayo Lues Regency from April to June 2018. This study used a Factorial-Randomized Block Design 2 x 4 and 3 replications and there were 24 experimental units. The results of the significant F test is continued by Honest Real Difference test level of 5%. The first factor was the type of liquid organic fertilizer with 2 treatments : Nasa liquid organic fertilizer and mol liquid organic fertilizer. The second factor was concentration with 4 treatments :  2, 4, 6, and 8 cc L-1 water. The parameters observed were the increase of plant height growth , stem root diameter growth,  plagiotropic branch length growth, the number of leaves of plagiotropic branches growth and the number of branches. The results showed that the type of liquid organic fertilizer had a significant effect on the increase of plant height 90 DAP, the increase of stem root diameter growth and the increase of the number of plagiotropic branches 90 DAP. Concentration has a significant effect on the increase of the plagiotropic branch length 90 DAP. The best concentration is 2 cc L-1 water with Mol fertilizer and there was no real intraction.   

scholarly journals Induction and differentiation of reproductive buds in Coffea arabica L.

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidia Majerowicz ◽  
Maro R. Söndahl
Keyword(s):  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Axillary Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Floral Buds ◽  
Flower Bud Differentiation ◽  
Source Sink ◽  
Floral Bud ◽  
Coffea Arabica L ◽  
Plagiotropic Branches

The induction and differentiation phases of reproductive buds of Coffea arabica L. have not received much attention. In the present paper, axillary buds from five plagiotropic branches that developed in the same growing season without fruits (1st crop branches), and from green segments of five recently grown plagiotropic branches with fruits (2nd crop branches), were collected every two weeks during successive inductive months of the year. This study was carried out with adult arabica trees, Catuaí Vermelho cv. IAC 81, cultivated under normal farming conditions in the region of Campinas, SP, Brazil (22º54' Lat. S). Slides of longitudinal-axial sections of 10-12 mum thickness were mounted for the characterization and quantification of histological stages of bud differentiation. The results indicate that the regulatory signals controlling the phases of induction and differentiation of floral buds are distinct, and that there are differences in the response between branches with and without fruits. In the case of 1st crop branches (no fruits present), induction of floral buds took place in January and February, whereas floral bud differentiation was observed during the months of March and April. In 2nd crop branches (fruits present), the induction of floral buds was observed during any month of the year provided that they had already overcome their juvenile state (October-July, in this study). In these 2nd crop branches, the flower bud differentiation was only observed after harvesting all pre-existing fruits of each branch (after May, in this study), which suggests that floral bud differentiation in Arabica coffee is influenced by the source-sink relationship, i.e. by the presence of developing fruits within each plagiotropic branch.

scholarly journals Growth and Productivity of Irrigated Coffee Trees (Coffea arabica) in Ceres-Goiás

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Eloisa Aparecida da Silva Ávila ◽  
Cleiton Mateus Sousa ◽  
Welington Pereira ◽  
Vinícius Gonçalves Almeida ◽  
Jefferson Kran Sarti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Vegetative Characters ◽  
Plagiotropic Branches

The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth and productivity of cultivars and progenies of arabica coffee under irrigation by driping in Ceres-Goiás. It was conducted in the experimental area of the Goiano Federal Institute-Ceres Campus. A total of 35 treatments were randomized blocks with four replications, from January 2017 to August 2018. At 30 and 36 months after planting, the diameter of the orthotropic branch, canopy diameter, plant height, number of nodes in the plagiotropic branch 1, length of the plagiotropic branch 1, number of nodes in the plagiotropic branch 2, length of the plagiotropic branch 2, length of the plagiotropic branches 1 and 2, number of nodes of the plagiotropic branches 1 and 2 and productivity were evaluated in 2018. The linear simple correlations were estimated in all evaluated characteristics. There was a difference in growth and yield of the evaluated genotypes. There is a positive correlation among the vegetative characters and the productivity. Catucaí Amarelo 2SL presented higher growth than the other evaluated genotypes. The genotypes Catiguá MG 1, Acauã Novo, Acauã 2 and 8, Catucaí Amarelo 24/137, Catucaí Amarelo 2SL, Asa Branca, Paraíso H419-10-6-2-10-1, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15, Acauã, Sarchimor MG 8840, IPR 98, Araponga MG 1 and Obatã Vermelho IAC 1669-20 were the ones that had the highest productivity.

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