scholarly journals Neural modeling of bromelain extraction by reversed micelles

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Frattini Fileti ◽  
Gilvan Anderson Fischer ◽  
Elias Basile Tambourgi
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Neural Model ◽  
Reversed Micelles ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Pineapple Juice ◽  
Purification Factor ◽  
Central Composite

A pulsed-cap microcolumn was used for bromelain extraction from pineapple juice by reversed micelles. The cationic micellar solution used BDBAC as the surfactant, isooctane as the solvent and hexanol as the co-solvent. In order to capture the dynamic behavior and the nonlinearities of the column, the operating conditions were modified in accordance with the central composite design for the experiment, using the ratio between the light phase flow rate and the total flow rate, and the time interval between pulses. The effects on the purification factor and on total protein yield were modeled via neural networks. The best topology was defined as 16-9-2, and the input layer was a moving window of the independent variables. The neural model successfully predicted both the purification factor and the total protein yield from historical data. At the optimal operating point, a purification factor of 4.96 and a productivity of 1.29 mL/min were obtained.

scholarly journals Batch and continuous extraction of bromelain enzyme by reversed micelles

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1225-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Frattini Fileti ◽  
Gilvan Anderson Fischer ◽  
José Carlos Curvelo Santana ◽  
Elias Basile Tambourgi
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Reversed Micelles ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Light Phase ◽  
Continuous Extraction ◽  
Optimal Point ◽  
Pineapple Juice ◽  
Purification Factor

The main aim of this study was to optimize the conditions for bromelain extraction by reversed micelles from pineapple juice (Ananas comosus). The purification was carried out in batch extraction and a micro-column with pulsed caps for continuous extraction. The cationic micellar solution was made of BDBAC as a surfactant, isooctane as a solvent and hexanol as a co-solvent. For the batch process, a purification factor of 3 times at the best values of surfactant agent, co-solvent and salt concentrations, pH of the back and forward extractions were, 100 mM, 10% v/v, 1 M, 3.5 and 8, respectively. For the continuous operation, independent variables optimal point was determined: ratio between light phase flow rate and total flow rate equal to 0.67 and 1 second for the time interval between the pulses. This optimal point led to a productivity of 1.29 mL/min and a purification factor of 4.96.

scholarly journals Effect of Operation Condition on Gelugur Acid (Garcinia atroviridis) Drying Rate Using Tray Dryer

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-167
Author(s):  
R Hasibuan ◽  
Heri Gusman
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Control Panel ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Constant Weight

Garcinia atroviridis is a commodity with promising economic potential in the future, that it is not only used as spices but also as a necessity in cosmetic industry. One of the backgrounds of this research was the abundant amount of Garcinia atroviridis in North Sumatra. The post-harvest of processing Garcinia atroviridis was conducted by conventional drying process, i.e. drying out directly under the scorching sun where it was put on the sack or tarp and in the roads passed by motor vehicles. It had some disadvantages such as, a long drying time, lack of hygiene, contamination of dust and sand, animals and insects plague, as well as uncertain whether circumstances. Therefore, the dryer is very much needed as it can overcome these weaknesses. This research attempted to conduct a drying study of Garcinia atroviridis using tray dryer. It consisted of a drying room equipped with a tray of dried material, air heater, fan, control panel of temperature gauge and relative humidity (RH). The main purpose of this research was to study the influence of operating conditions against the rate of drying and characteristics of drying Garcinia atroviridis. This research was conducted by varying the drying temperature (45 and 55 oC) and air flow rate (1.15 and 2.25 m/s), with a weight of 500 grams Garcinia atroviridis. The drying was done by weighing each ingredient in a specified time interval until reaching constant weight. The results showed that the air flow rate and temperature affected the drying rate, where the 55 oC temperature and 2.25 m/s flow rate could lower the moisture content of 90% within 540 minutes. As for the characteristics of the drying Garcinia atroviridis, it generally showed that there were only two stages of drying rate, namely rising and declining drying rate. But on the operating conditions of the 1.15 m/s air flow rate and 55 oC temperature, it showed three stages namely, rising, constant and declining drying.

Optimisation of Squalene Recovery from Amaranth Oil by Short Path Distillation

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narcisa Elena Babeanu ◽  
Sultana Nita ◽  
Ovidiu Popa ◽  
Doru Ioan Marin ◽  
Gheoghe Batrinescu
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Short Path ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Evaporator Temperature ◽  
Amaranthus Cruentus ◽  
Recovery Yield ◽  
Best Value ◽  
Short Path Distillation ◽  
Amaranth Oil ◽  
Central Composite

We aim to determine the optimal conditions for obtaining a higher concentration of squalene (C30H50) with an increased yield from oil extracted from Amaranthus cruentus cultivated in Romania. A central composite experiment design was carried out to study the effect of operating conditions on the squalene concentration and recovery yield using short path distillation at laboratory scale. Among the three variables studied: feed flow rate, evaporator temperature and wiper speed, the most important proved to be evaporator temperature and the flow rate. Using the proposed models, we have identified three sets of values for the mentioned parameters, which ensure either a maximum squalene concentration or the best value for the squalene recovery yield, or an optimum between the maximum concentration and the best yield.

Stabilization of the Speed of the Hydraulic Motor Through Throttle Compensation for Volume Losses

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-130
Author(s):  
Krasimir Kalev
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Inlet Pressure ◽  
Schematic Diagram ◽  
Hydraulic Characteristics ◽  
Hydraulic Motor ◽  
Flow Through

AbstractA schematic diagram of a hydraulic drive system is provided to stabilize the speed of the working body by compensating for volumetric losses in the hydraulic motor. The diagram shows the inclusion of an originally developed self-adjusting choke whose flow rate in the inlet pressure change range tends to reverse - with increasing pressure the flow through it decreases. Dependent on the hydraulic characteristics of the hydraulic motor and the specific operating conditions.

scholarly journals Chemical–Electrochemical Process Concept for Lead Recovery from Waste Cathode Ray Tube Glass

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1546
Author(s):  
Árpád Imre-Lucaci ◽  
Melinda Fogarasi ◽  
Florica Imre-Lucaci ◽  
Szabolcs Fogarasi
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
General Effect ◽  
Optimal Operating ◽  
Recirculation Flow ◽  
Lead Recovery ◽  
Cathode Ray Tube

This paper presents a novel approach for the recovery of lead from waste cathode-ray tube (CRT) glass by applying a combined chemical-electrochemical process which allows the simultaneous recovery of Pb from waste CRT glass and electrochemical regeneration of the leaching agent. The optimal operating conditions were identified based on the influence of leaching agent concentration, recirculation flow rate and current density on the main technical performance indicators. The experimental results demonstrate that the process is the most efficient at 0.6 M acetic acid concentration, flow rate of 45 mL/min and current density of 4 mA/cm2. The mass balance data corresponding to the recycling of 10 kg/h waste CRT glass in the identified optimal operating conditions was used for the environmental assessment of the process. The General Effect Indices (GEIs), obtained through the Biwer Heinzle method for the input and output streams of the process, indicate that the developed recovery process not only achieve a complete recovery of lead but it is eco-friendly as well.

Kinetics and Equilibrium of Radioactive Metal Adsorption onto Sugarcane Bagasse Waste: Comparison of Batch and Column Adsorption Modes

2021 ◽  
Vol 235 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-294
Author(s):  
Abida Kausar ◽  
Haq Nawaz Bhatti ◽  
Munawar Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Bed Height ◽  
Column Adsorption ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Bagasse Waste

Abstract Sugarcane bagasse waste biomass (SBWB) efficacy for the adsorption of Zr(IV) was investigated in batch and column modes. The process variables i.e. pH 1–4 (A), adsorbent dosage 0.0–0.3 g (B), and Zr(IV) ions initial concentration 25–200 mg/L (C) were studied. The experiments were run under central composite design (CCD) and data was analysed by response surface methodology (RSM) methodology. The factor A, B, C, AB interaction and square factor A2, C2 affected the Zr(IV) ions adsorption onto SBWB. The quadratic model fitted well to the adsorption data with high R2 values. The effect of bed height, flow rate and Zr(IV) ions initial concentration was also studied for column mode adsorption and efficiency was evaluated by breakthrough curves as well as Bed Depth Service and Thomas models. Bed height and Zr(IV) ions initial concentration enhanced the adsorption of capacity of Zr(IV) ions, whereas flow rate reduced the column efficiency.

Photo-degradation of butyl parahydroxybenzoate by using TiO2-supported catalyst

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 2141-2147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Atheba ◽  
Patrick Drogui ◽  
Brahima Seyhi ◽  
Didier Robert
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Supported Catalyst ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Optimal Operating ◽  
Photo Degradation ◽  
Photochemical Process ◽  
Recirculation Flow ◽  
High Treatment

The present work evaluates the potential of the photocatalysis (PC) process for the degradation of butylparaben (BPB). Relatively high treatment efficiency was achieved by comparison to photochemical process. Prior to photocatalytic degradation, adsorption (AD) of BPB occurred on the titanium dioxide (TiO2)-supported catalyst. AD was described by Langmuir isotherm (KL = 0.085 L g−1, qm = 4.77 mg g−1). The influence of angle of inclination of the reactor, pH, recirculation flow rate and initial concentration of BPB were investigated. The PC process applied under optimal operating conditions (recirculation flow rate of 0.15 L min−1, angle of inclination of 15°, pH = 7 and 5 mg L−1 of BPB) is able to oxidize 84.9–96.6% of BPB and to ensure around 38.7% of mineralization. The Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetic model described well the photocatalytic oxidation of BPB (k = 7.02 mg L−1 h−1, K = 0.364 L mg−1).

Flow Features Analysis of Throttle Notches of Proportional Direct Valve

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 2285-2288
Author(s):  
Wen Hua Jia ◽  
Chen Bo Yin ◽  
Guo Jin Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Flow Features ◽  
Rate Discharge ◽  
Spool Valve

Flow features, specially, flow rate, discharge coefficient and efflux angle under different operating conditions are numerically simulated, and the effects of shapes and the number of notches on them are analyzed. To simulate flow features, 3D models are developed as commercially available fluid flow models. Most construction machineries in different conditions require different actions. Thus, in order to be capable of different actions and exhibit good dynamic behavior, flow features should be achieved in designing an optimized proportional directional spool valve.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation and Modeling of Inertance Tubes

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 1029-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. O. Schunk ◽  
G. F. Nellis ◽  
J. M. Pfotenhauer
Keyword(s):  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Acoustic Power ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Thermodynamic Efficiency ◽  
Pulse Tube ◽  
Design Charts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pulse Tube Refrigerators

Growing interest in larger scale pulse tubes has focused attention on optimizing their thermodynamic efficiency. For Stirling-type pulse tubes, the performance is governed by the phase difference between the pressure and mass flow, a characteristic that can be conveniently adjusted through the use of inertance tubes. In this paper we present a model in which the inertance tube is divided into a large number of increments; each increment is represented by a resistance, compliance, and inertance. This model can include local variations along the inertance tube and is capable of predicting pressure, mass flow rate, and the phase between these quantities at any location in the inertance tube as well as in the attached reservoir. The model is verified through careful comparison with those quantities that can be easily and reliably measured; these include the pressure variations along the length of the inertance tube and the mass flow rate into the reservoir. These experimental quantities are shown to be in good agreement with the model’s predictions over a wide range of operating conditions. Design charts are subsequently generated using the model and are presented for various operating conditions in order to facilitate the design of inertance tubes for pulse tube refrigerators. These design charts enable the pulse tube designer to select an inertance tube geometry that achieves a desired phase shift for a given level of acoustic power.

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