scholarly journals Biodegradation in simulated soil of HDPE/pro-oxidant/rice husk composites: application in agricultural tubes

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiano Cunha Costa ◽  
George Ricardo Santana Andrade ◽  
Luís Eduardo Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Degradation Tests ◽  
Intense Light ◽  
Mechanical Tensile ◽  
Uv Range

ABSTRACT The use of agricultural waste, such as rice husk (RH), for the production of cheap and eco-friendly polymer composites has emerged as a promising field of interest. The aim of this work was the preparation of highdensity polyethylene (HDPE)-based composites reinforced with rice husk and an organic pro-oxidant (EG15) for the production of seedlings tubes. Photodegradation and degradation tests in simulated soil were performed for 90 and 180 days in order to study the decomposition of these composites. The SEM and OM images suggest that degradation of the composites samples was more extensive than the pure HDPE samples, probably because the composites present intense light absorption in the UV range, facilitating the degradation process even before biodegradation begins. In addition, after introducing RH particles in the polymeric matrix, the mechanical tensile and flexural properties, experienced significant changes, suggesting that the RH particles were homogeneously dispersed throughout the polymer matrix. Finally, the results have demonstrated that HDPE, RH, and EG15 are attractive materials for the design of polymeric composites for the production of seedlings tubes with excellent mechanical properties, being also easily decomposed in the environment once discarded.

scholarly journals A Review: Chemical Treatments of Rice Husk for Polymer Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 12425-12433
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Recent Decade ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Chemical Treatments

Rice husk is one of the agricultural by-products produces worldwide. During the recent decade, much attention has been focused on rice husk utilization for composite materials. Apart from the rice industry's huge amount of rice husk, it has a dominant agricultural waste position due to its great properties. The treatments or modifications of fiber surface properties typically increase the adhesion properties of fibers and polymers yet affect the polymer composite's physical and mechanical properties. Prior studies revealed that chemical treatments consider as one of the most used methods for the surface treatments of agricultural fibers. This paper provides an overview of the rice husk as a reinforcing material in polymer composite. Various types of chemical treatments such as alkali, benzylation, anhydride, silane, and acetylation applied on rice husk polymer composite and their effect on physical and mechanical properties were investigated based on previous literature. Rice husk polymer composites with different chemical treatments and polymers were compiled, and their basic properties were reported. Therefore, this paper will benefit future works on rice husk chemical treatments in a composite application.

Use of Water Glass from Rice Husk and Bagasse Ashes in the Preparation of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer

2019 ◽  
Vol 798 ◽  
pp. 364-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khemmakorn Gomonsirisuk ◽  
Parjaree Thavorniti
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Water Glass ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Preparation Process

The aim of this work is to study the feasibility of preparation of fly ash based geopolymer using sodium water glass from agricultural waste as alternative activators. Rice husk ash and bagasse ash were used as raw materials for producing sodium water glass solution. The sodium water glass were produced by mixing rice husk ash and bagasse ash with NaOH in ball mill and boiling. The prepared sodium water glass were analyzed and used in geopolymer preparation process. The geopolymer paste were prepared by adding the obtained water glass and NaOH with fly ash. After cured at ambient temperature for 7 days, mechanical properties were investigated. Bonding and phases of the geopolymer were also characterized. The geopolymer from rice husk ash presented highest compressive strength about 23 MPa while the greatest for bagasse ash was about 16 MPa.

scholarly journals Recent Progress of Rice Husk Reinforced Polymer Composites: A Review

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2391
Author(s):  
Mohamed Azlan Suhot ◽  
Mohamad Zaki Hassan ◽  
Sa’ardin Abdul Aziz ◽  
Mohd Yusof Md Daud
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Recently, because of the rising population, carbon overloading, and environmental distress, human beings have needed to increase awareness and responsibility for the reduction of agricultural waste. The utilization of agricultural waste as a filler material in reinforced polymers is a fascinating discovery. This review paper attempts to study the physical, mechanical, and thermal behavior of rice husk (RH) as a fiber for reinforcing various synthetic polymers, based on recent studies, conducted between 2017 and 2021. It also highlights that advanced modification techniques could further improve the performance of composites by tailoring the physical and chemical substances of the fiber or matrix. The thermal properties, including flame-retardance and thermal behavior, are also discussed. The characteristics of the fiber–matrix interaction between RH and the polymer matrix provide essential insights into the future-ready applications of this agricultural waste fiber. The way forward in researching RH polymer composites is finally reviewed.

scholarly journals Rice husk as a fibre in composites: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-162
Author(s):  
Neeraj Bisht ◽  
Prakash Chandra Gope ◽  
Nisha Rani
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Natural Fibres ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
The Future ◽  
Critical Insight

AbstractIn the last decade due to ever growing environmental concerns, use of natural fibres as fibre materials has gained momentum and acceptance. Natural fibres provide advantage of being economical and environment friendly at the same time. Rice husk, an agricultural waste is being utilized as a natural fibre for development of bio-composites. Present paper attempts to understand the applicability of rice husk as a fibre with various polymers based on the recent research works. It also throws light on various modification techniques that can further enhance the associated mechanical properties by altering the chemical and physical properties of husk. The paper may assist in understanding the phenomenon associated in manufacture of rice husk based bio-composite and provide a critical insight to the future applications of rice husk.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Rice Husk Ash as a Mineral Addition in Concrete

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Kartini Kamaruddin ◽  
Hamidah Mohd Saman
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Replacement Level ◽  
Splitting Strength ◽  
Normal Strength ◽  
Tensile Splitting Strength

It is shown that some of the wastes have properties that would improve the quality of concrete produced. One such waste is agricultural waste rice husk, which constitutes about one-fifth of 600 million tones of rice produced annually in the world. The performance of RHA concrete was found to be varied among those of researchers and most of the studies encompassed for the utilisation of high grade concrete. This paper reported the investigation carried out on the mechanical properties of normal strength concrete of grade 30 N/mm2 with various partial replacement level of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with Rice Husk Ash (RHA). Two(2) batches of same grade of concrete with and without use of superplasticiser (Sp) were adopted. The mechanical properties evaluated are in terms of compressive strength, flexural strength and tensile splitting strength of RHA concrete with and without superplasticiser (Sp). The results show that the optimum replacement level of RHA was 20 % and with the addition of Sp the replacement of RHA was taken as 40 %. However, the results of the study show that the performance in term of flexural strength and tensile splitting strength does not significantly improved with the replacement of cement with RHA.

scholarly journals Atık Alüminyum Polietilen ve Pirinç Sapı Kullanılarak Üretilen Ahşap Polimer Kompozitlerin Mekanik Davranışlarının Belirlenmesi / Determination of Mechanical Behaviour of Wood Polymer Composites Manufactured Using Waste Aluminium Polyethylene

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
Alperen Kaymakcı
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Injection Molding Process ◽  
Wood Polymer ◽  
Wood Polymer Composites ◽  
Tetra Pak ◽  
Rice Husk Flour

İki ya da daha fazla materyalin bir araya getirilmesi ile oluşan ve çoğu zaman kendilerini oluşturan materyallerden daha faydalı özelliklere sahip olan malzemelere kompozit malzeme denmektedir. Termoplastik esaslı polimer kompozitlerin üretiminde ise lignoselülozik materyaller ile polietilen (PE), polipropilen (PP), polivinil klorür (PVC) gibi plastikler kullanılmaktadır. Lignoselülozik materyaller ve termoplastik esaslı polimerlerin karışımıyla, plastik içerikli ürünlere benzer yöntemlerle üretilen malzemelere Ahşap-polimer kompozitleri (APK) denir. Ahşap polimer kompozit üretiminde çeşitli organik ve inorganik dolgu maddeleri kullanılmaktadır. Kalsiyum karbonat, talk, kalsiyum sülfat, alüminyum silikat ve Titanyum Dioksit gibi inorganik dolgu maddelerinin fiyatının pahalı oluşu ve makine aksamında yapmış olduğu aşınma dolayısıyla araştırmacılar ve endüstri kuruluşları alternatif dolgu materyali arayışına girmiştir. İnorganik dolgu materyaline alternatif olarak düşünülen buğday sapı, odun unu, orman endüstri atıkları ve yıllık bitkiler gibi organik dolgu maddeleri doğada bol olarak bulunmaları ve fiyatının ucuz oluşu dolayısıyla oldukça büyük avantajlar sağlamaktadır. Organik dolgu maddeleri ürünün maliyetini düşürdüğü gibi aynı zamanda ciddi performans artışları da sağlamaktadır. APK üretiminde saf (bakir) plastik kullanılabildiği gibi geri dönüşüm plastiklerde kullanılabilmektedir. Ülkemizdeki mevcut orman endüstrisinin oluşturmuş olduğu atıklar ve tarımsal atıklar ve bunun yanı sıra oluşan ciddi plastik atığı göz önüne alındığında bu tip malzemelerin APK üretiminde değerlendirilmesi potansiyeli görülmektedir. Bu nedenle ülkemizdeki tarımsal ve orman endüstrisi atıkları kullanılarak saf veya geri dönüşüm plastiklerle OPK üretiminde, üretim parametrelerinin ve üretilen malzemelerin özelliklerin belirlenmesi, bu potansiyeli ortaya çıkarmak için zaruri hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada atık alüminyum polietilen (Tetrapak) ve atık pirinç saplarından elde edilen unlar kullanılarak ahşap polimer kompozitler üretilmiştir. Ekstrüzyon ve enjeksiyon kalıplama işlemlerine tabi tutularak üretilen kompozitler üzerinde çekme ve eğilme direnci dayanımı testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kompozit bünyesindeki pirinç sapı unu miktarındaki artışın kompozitlerin çekme ve eğilmede elastikiyet modülü değerlerini iyileştirdiği ancak kompozitlerin çekme, eğilme direnci değerlerinde genel olarak bir azalmaya sebep olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Determination of Mechanical Behaviour of Wood Polymer Composites Manufactured Using Waste Aluminium Polyethylene (Tetra Pak) and Brass Handle In this study, we evaluated some mechanical properties of aluminum polyethylene (Tetra Pak) composites reinforced with rice husk flour. To meet this objective, rice husk flour was compounded with aluminum polyethylene with coupling agent (MAPE) in a twin screw co-rotating extruder and then was manufactured by injection molding process. The modulus in the flexural and tensile improved with increasing rice husk flour content while the tensile and flexural strengths of the samples decreased. The use of maleic anhydride polyethylene had a positive effect on the mechanical properties of the aluminum polyethylene composites reinforced with rice husk flour. This work showed that the composites treated with maleated polyethylene could be efficiently used as decking products, due to satisfactory mechanical properties of the composites.

Comparative Study between SiC Reinforced Al 64430 Metal Matrix Composites and RHA Reinforced Al 64430 Metal Matrix Composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 1119 ◽  
pp. 234-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meena Laad ◽  
Vijaykumar S. Jatti ◽  
Satyendra Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Metal Matrix Composites ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Weight Percentage

The excellent mechanical properties of Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites find applications in a variety of engineering applications in the automotive, aerospace and heavy machinery industries. This study aims at synthesis and characterization of Al 64430 reinforced with SiC particles and Rice Husk Ash (RHA). Rice husk ash is an agricultural waste which is produced in millions of tons worldwide. Aluminium was used as the base metal. With liquid metallurgy technique the metal matrix composites were prepared. The MMCs were synthesized with 3 % weight percentage RHA in Al metal matrix and the mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile strength and structural properties of MMCs were studied. The microstructure of the synthesized composites was examined by optical emission microscope and XRD. The Vicker’s microhardness test was performed on the composite specimens from base of the cast. The synthesized MMCs were found to have increased tensile strength, hardness, increased ultimate strength. The density of MMCs was observed to be decreased. This study indicates that RHA can be used as reinforcement material to synthesize light weight composites with increased hardness, tensile strength, Young’s modulus for various industrial applications.

Prediction of Rice Husk Particulate-Filled Polymer Composite Properties Using a Representative Volume Element (RVE) Model

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pandhita Pochanard ◽  
Anil Saigal
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Representative Volume Element ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Volume Element ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Representative Volume

In this study, a numerical representative volume element (RVE) model was used to predict the mechanical properties of a Rice Husk Particulate (RHP)-Epoxy composite for use as an alternative material in non-critical applications. Seven different analytical models Counto, Ishai-Cohen, Halpin-Tsai, Nielsen, Nicolais, Modified Nicolais and Pukanszky were used as comparison tools for the numerical model. The mechanical properties estimated for 0%, 10% and 30% RHP-Epoxy composites using the numerical and analytical models are in general agreement with each other. Using the analytical models, it was calculated that an increase in volume percentage of RHP to 30% led to continual reduction in elastic Young’s modulus and ultimate tensile strength of the composite. The numerical RVE models also predicted a similar trend between filler volume percentage and material properties. Overall, the results of this study suggest that RHP can be used to reduce the composite raw material costs by replacing the more expensive polymer content with agricultural waste products with limited compromise to the composite’s mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Contrastive Analysis on Mechanical Properties of M Sand and River Sand Cement Mortar Bricks With Partial Restoration of Rice Husk Ash

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S2) ◽  
pp. 1062-1065
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Partial Restoration ◽  
Average Compressive Strength

Normally Rice Husk Ash (RHA) is treated as agricultural waste that do not afford any human feed products across the globe, these kind of agricultural waste can be converted into a convenient product and also M sand is used as a substitute for the river sand, the proportions of river sand from 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, 0% were restored by M sand, along with that rice husk ash in various proportions from 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% to determine the optimum percentage of rice husk ash without affecting strength properties of bricks. The optimum restoration of 35% of RHA delivered the average compressive strength of 5.34 MPa which is higher than that of common buildingbricks.

scholarly journals STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMER COMPOSITES BASED ON RECYCLED POLYPROPYLENE FILLED WITH RICE HUSK DURING MOISTURE ABSORPTION AND NATURAL AGIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (36) ◽  
pp. 845-855
Author(s):  
Aynur R SADRITDINOV ◽  
Valentina V CHERNOVA ◽  
Marina V BAZUNOVA ◽  
Elena M ZAKHAROVA ◽  
Vadim P ZAKHAROV
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Recycled Polypropylene

The relevance of the issue under investigation is conditioned by an increase of the ecological burden on the environment due to the continuous increase of plastic waste, a significant proportion of polypropylene. One solution to this problem is the involvement of recycled polypropylene to obtain plastic products based on composites filled with rice husk. It makes it possible to reduce the prime cost of finished products, regulate their physical and mechanical properties, and reduce the volume of difficult-to-decompose synthetic polymers that end up in waste. The key property of polypropylene, which changes during its filling with rice husk, is moisture absorption, which contributes to a change in the strength characteristics of the polymer composite and accelerates its aging under the influence of environmental factors. In this regard, this research aims to identify the patterns of the influence of absorbed moisture and natural aging on the physical and mechanical properties of polymer composites based on recycled polypropylene filled with rice husk. The leading approach to the study of this issue is laboratory tests on the saturation of polymer composites with water of different temperatures and duration of exposure and testing materials during long-term natural aging under the influence of environmental factors. The key factor characterizing the change in the physical and mechanical properties of materials, in this case, is the elasticity modulus, elongation, and tensile stress at the break during stretching of the prototypes. The materials of the paper are of practical value for the processing of secondary thermoplastic polymers, as well as the development of biodegradable polymer composites.

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