Nutritional status and food intake of patients with systemic psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis associated

OBJECTIVE: To identify the nutritional status and food intake of individuals with systemic psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis associated. METHODS: This is an exploratory and cross-sectional study with 34 men aged between 19 and 60 years seen at a Psoriasis Center. Participants were divided into systemic psoriasis group and arthritic-systemic psoriasis associated group. For nutritional assessment we used anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance analysis and whole-body plethysmography. Clinical and nutritional information were assessed using the clinical and nutritional history-taking, and the 24-hour dietary recall. For statistics the general linear model test (p < 0.05) was used. RESULTS: According to the body mass index 29.4% patients (n = 10) were eutrophic, 41.2% (n = 14) overweight and 29% (n = 10) obese. Almost all individuals (60%; n = 21) had body fat percentage above normal levels (> 25%) and a high risk for metabolic complications according to the waist circumference and the obesity index, however, there were no statistically significant differences between groups. The mean food intake, total fat, calories and protein were above recommended levels, being 58.8% for lipids (319.17 ± 241.02 mg of cholesterol and 17.42 ± 11.4 g saturated fatty acids); 29.4% for calories and 67.6% for proteins. Thus, regardless of the psoriasis type, an excessive consumption of calories, lipids, fatty acids, cholesterol and a higher incidence of overweight were found. CONCLUSION: The sample showed an abnormal nutritional condition, an increased risk for chronic diseases related to obesity, worsening of the psoriatic lesions, and poor quality of life.

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DEVELOPMENT OF AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF AVITAMINOSIS F

Grain Products and Mixed Fodder’s ◽

10.15673/gpmf.v20i2.1764 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 38-40

Author(s):

A. Levitsky ◽

A. Lapinska ◽

I. Selivanskaya

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Experimental Model ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

The Body ◽

Regulatory Function ◽

Omega 3 ◽

White Rats ◽

Arachidonic Acids

The article analyzes the role of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially omega-3 series in humans and animals. The biosynthesis of essential PUFA in humans and animals is very limited, so they must be consumed with food (feed). Тhe ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA is very important. Biomembranes of animal cells contain about 30% PUFA with a ratio of ω-6/ ω-3 1-2. As this ratio increases, the physicochemical properties of biomembranes and the functional activity of their receptors change. The regulatory function of essential PUFA is that in the body under the action of oxygenase enzymes (cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase) are formed extremely active hormone-like substances (eicosanoids and docosanoids), which affect a number of physiological processes: inflammation, immunity, metabolism. Moreover, ω-6 PUFA form eicosanoids, which have pro-inflammatory, immunosuppressive properties, and ω-3 PUFAs form eicosanoids and docosanoids, which have anti-inflammatory and immunostimulatory properties. Deficiency of essential PUFA, and especially ω-3 PUFA, leads to impaired development of the body and its state of health, which are manifestations of avitaminosis F. Prevention and treatment of avitaminosis F is carried out with drugs that contain PUFA. To create new, more effective vitamin F preparations, it is necessary to reproduce the model of vitamin F deficiency. An experimental model of vitamin F deficiency in white rats kept on a fat –free diet with the addition of coconut oil, which is almost completely free of unsaturated fatty acids, and saturated fatty acids make up almost 99 % of all fatty acids was developed. The total content of ω-6 PUFA (sum of linoleic and arachidonic acids), the content of ω-3 PUFA (α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids) in neutral lipids (triglycerides and cholesterol esters) defined. Тhe content of ω-6 PUFA under the influence of coconut oil decreased by 3.3 times, and the content of ω-3 PUFA - by 7.5 times. Тhe influence of coconut oil, the content of ω-6 PUFA decreased by 2.1 times, and the content of ω-3 PUFA - by 2.8 times. The most strongly reduces the content of ω-3 PUFA, namely eicosapentaenoic, coconut oil, starting from 5 %. Consumption of FFD with a content of 15 % coconut oil reduces the content of eicosapentaenoic acid to zero, ie we have an absolute deficiency of one of the most important essential PUFAs, which determined the presence of vitamin F deficiency.

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Circulating fatty acid profiles are associated with protein energy wasting in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-80812-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ban-Hock Khor ◽

◽

Sharmela Sahathevan ◽

Ayesha Sualeheen ◽

Mohammad Syafiq Md Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Serum Albumin ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Markers Of Inflammation

AbstractThe metabolic impact of circulating fatty acids (FAs) in patients requiring hemodialysis (HD) is unknown. We investigated the associations between plasma triglyceride (TG) FAs and markers of inflammation, insulin resistance, nutritional status and body composition. Plasma TG-FAs were measured using gas chromatography in 341 patients on HD (age = 55.2 ± 14.0 years and 54.3% males). Cross-sectional associations of TG-FAs with 13 markers were examined using multivariate linear regression adjusted for potential confounders. Higher levels of TG saturated fatty acids were associated with greater body mass index (BMI, r = 0.230), waist circumference (r = 0.203), triceps skinfold (r = 0.197), fat tissue index (r = 0.150), serum insulin (r = 0.280), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (r = 0.276), but lower malnutrition inflammation score (MIS, r = − 0.160). Greater TG monounsaturated fatty acid levels were associated with lower lean tissue index (r = − 0.197) and serum albumin (r = − 0.188), but higher MIS (r = 0.176). Higher levels of TG n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were associated with lower MIS (r = − 0.168) and interleukin-6 concentrations (r = − 0.115). Higher levels of TG n-6 PUFAs were associated with lower BMI (r = − 0.149) but greater serum albumin (r = 0.112). In conclusion, TG monounsaturated fatty acids were associated with poor nutritional status, while TG n-3 PUFAs were associated with good nutritional status. On the other hand, TG saturated fatty acids and TG n-6 PUFAs had both favorable and unfavorable associations with nutritional parameters.

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The importance of dysphagia screening and nutritional assessment in hospitalized patients

Einstein (São Paulo) ◽

10.1590/s1679-45082018ao4189 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Patrícia Amaro Andrade ◽

Carolina Araújo dos Santos ◽

Heloísa Helena Firmino ◽

Carla de Oliveira Barbosa Rosa

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Global Assessment ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Nutritional Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

The Body ◽

Subjective Global Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Knee Height

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine frequency of dysphagia risk and associated factors in hospitalized patients as well as to evaluate nutritional status by using different methods and correlate the status with scores of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including 909 inpatients of a philanthropic hospital. For the diagnosis of dysphagia we used an adapted and validated Brazilian version of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). The nutritional status was evaluated through the subjective global assessment, and anthropometric measurements included weight, calf and arm circumference, and knee height. The Mann-Whitney test, associations using the Pearson’s χ2 and Spearman’s correlation were used to verify differences between the groups. Results: The prevalence of dysphagia risk was 10.5%, and aging was the associated factor with this condition. Patients at risk presented lower values of arm and calf circumference, variables that correlated inversely with the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) score. Malnutrition was observed in 13.2% of patients based on the subjective global assessment and in 15.2% based on the Body Mass Index. Conclusion: Screening for dysphagia and malnutrition should be introduced in hospitals routine to avoid or minimize damages caused by dysphagia or malnutrition, especially among older people.

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Dairy Fat Consumption and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: An Examination of the Saturated Fatty Acids in Dairy

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11092200 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 2200 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Unger ◽

Torres-Gonzalez ◽

Kraft

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

The Body ◽

Specific Chemical ◽

Dairy Consumption ◽

The Impact

Lifestyle is a key modifiable risk factor involved in the manifestation of metabolic syndrome and, in particular, diet plays a pivotal role in its prevention and development. Current dietary guidelines discourage the consumption of saturated fat and dietary sources rich in saturated fat, such as dairy products, despite data suggesting that full-fat dairy consumption is protective against metabolic syndrome. This narrative review assessed the recent epidemiological and clinical research that examined the consumption of dairy-derived saturated fatty acids (SFA) on metabolic syndrome risk. In addition, this review evaluated studies of individual SFA to gain insight into the potential mechanisms at play with intake of a diet enriched with these dairy-derived fatty acids. This work underscores that SFA are a heterogenous class of fatty acids that can differ considerably in their biological activity within the body depending on their length and specific chemical structure. In summary, previous work on the impact of dairy-derived SFA consumption on disease risk suggests that there is currently insufficient evidence to support current dietary guidelines which consolidate all dietary SFA into a single group of nutrients whose consumption should be reduced, regardless of dietary source, food matrix, and composition.

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New Insights on the Nutrition Status and Antioxidant Capacity in Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11020427 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 427 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ayelet Armon-Omer ◽

Chen Waldman ◽

Naaem Simaan ◽

Hadar Neuman ◽

Snait Tamir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Nutrition Status ◽

Unknown Etiology ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial disease with unknown etiology. It is assumed to result from interplay between genetic and environmental factors, including nutrition. We hypothesized that there are differences in nutritional parameters between MS patients and healthy controls. Methods: We examined 63 MS patients and 83 healthy controls. Nutritional status was determined by a dietary questionnaire, blood tests, quantification of cell membrane fatty acids, and serum antioxidant capacity. Results: We found that MS patients consumed a more limited diet compared with the healthy group, indicated by a lower average of 31 nutrients and by consumption levels of zinc and thiamine below the recommended daily intake. Both consumption and measured iron values were significantly lower in MS patients, with the lowest measures in the severe MS group. Long saturated fatty acids (>C16) were significantly lower in MS patients, while palmitic and palmitoleic acids were both higher. Serum total antioxidant capacity was significantly lower in the MS group compared with healthy controls, with the lowest measures in patients with severe MS. Conclusions: This study points to a possible correlation between nutritional status and MS. Understanding the clinical meaning of these findings will potentially allow for the development of future personalized dietary interventions as part of MS treatment.

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Inflammation, Appetite and Food Intake in Older Hospitalized Patients

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11091986 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 1986 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sieske ◽

Janssen ◽

Babel ◽

Westhoff ◽

Wirth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Nutritional Assessment ◽

Short Form ◽

Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Assessment System ◽

Diagram Method ◽

Poor Appetite ◽

Severe Inflammation

The effect of inflammation on appetite and food intake has been rarely studied in humans. In this study, we examined the association of C-reactive protein (CRP), as an inflammatory marker, with appetite and food intake among older hospitalized patients. A total of 200 older individuals, who were consecutively admitted to a geriatric acute care ward, participated in this prospective observational study. Appetite was evaluated using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) and the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ), respectively. Food intake was measured according to plate diagram method and participants were categorized as having food intake <75% and ≥75% of meals served. Nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF). In addition, serum CRP was analyzed and the levels >3.0 (mg/dL) were considered as moderate to severe inflammation. Of total population with mean age 81.4 ± 6.6 years (62.5% females), 51 (25.5%) had no inflammation and 88 (44.0%) and 61 (30.5%) had mild and moderate to severe inflammation, respectively. According to MNA-SF, 9.0% and 60.0% had normal nutritional status or a risk of malnutrition, respectively, whereas 31.0% were malnourished. Based on the SNAQ-appetite-question, 32.5% of the patients demonstrated poor and very poor appetite whereas 23.5% reported severe loss of appetite according to ESAS. Ninety-five (48.0%) of the participants had food intake <75% of the meals offered. Significant associations between SNAQ-appetite (p = 0.003) and ESAS-appetite (p = 0.013) scores and CRP levels were observed. In addition, significant differences were observed in CRP levels between intake ≥75% and <75% of meals served (p < 0.001). Furthermore, there were significant associations between appetite and nutritional status whereas malnourished older patients demonstrated a decreased appetite compared to those with normal nutritional status (p = 0.011). In a regression analysis, inflammation was the major independent risk factor for patients’ appetite (p = 0.003) and food intake (p = 0.011) whereas other variables such as infection (p = 0.960), chronic inflammatory diseases (p = 0.371), age (p = 0.679) and gender (p = 0.447) do not show any impact on appetite. Our findings confirm that poor appetite and low food intake are associated with inflammation in older hospitalized patients, suggesting that inflammation may contribute an important aspect to the development of malnutrition in these patients.

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Preoperative Nutritional Status and Its Consequences on Abdominal Surgery in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia: An Institution-Based Observational Study

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1155/2020/2324395 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Leila Hussen ◽

Elazar Tadesse ◽

Dereje Yohannes Teferi

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Observational Study ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Abdominal Surgery ◽

Nutritional Assessment ◽

Risk Index ◽

Nutritional Risk ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Nutritional Risk Index

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of malnutrition and its association with wound healing and length of hospitalization among patients undergoing abdominal surgery admitted to hospitals in the Wolaita zone in southern Ethiopia. Methods. An institution-based prospective observational study was conducted in three hospitals in the Wolaita zone from August to October 2016. All eligible individuals aged between 19 and 55 years were recruited in this study. Anthropometric and biochemical analyses, such as serum albumin (Alb) and total lymphocyte count (TLC), were taken for nutritional assessment during the preoperative period. Quantitative variables were compared using Student’s t test. Cox’s regression was employed to determine which variables were possible risk factors for poor wound healing. Results. A total of 105 patients aged 19 to 55 with a mean age (±SD) of 34 ± 9.6 years were included, and the prevalence of preoperative malnutrition was 27.6%, 87%, according to BMI and nutritional risk index, respectively. Poor wound healing was significantly associated with underweight patients (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2) (AHR: 6.5 : 95%CI: 3.312.9), postoperative weight loss (AHR: 4.9; 95%CI: 2.8–8.5), and nutritional risk index (NRI) less than 97.5 (AHR 1.8; 95% CI: 1.09–3.1). Conclusion. The prevalence of malnutrition is high in our study setup; this is associated with an increased risk of adverse postoperative outcomes. Therefore, our results emphasize the need of routine preoperative nutritional assessment, optimizing nutritional status of patients and postoperative nutritional support.

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Modern fat technology: what is the potential for heart health?

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1079/pns2005446 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

pp. 379-386 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

J. E. Upritchard ◽

M. J. Zeelenberg ◽

H. Huizinga ◽

P. M. Verschuren ◽

E. A. Trautwein

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

Medical Community ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk

Saturated andtrans-fatty acids raise total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol and are known to increase the risk of CHD, while dietary unsaturated fatty acids play important roles in maintaining cardiovascular health. Replacing saturated fats with unsaturated fats in the diet often involves many complex dietary changes. Modifying the composition of foods high in saturated fat, particularly those foods that are consumed daily, can help individuals to meet the nutritional targets for reducing the risk of CHD. In the 1960s the Dutch medical community approached Unilever about the technical feasibility of producing margarine with a high-PUFA and low-saturated fatty acid composition. Margarine is an emulsion of water in liquid oil that is stabilised by a network of fat crystals. In-depth expertise of fat crystallisation processes allowed Unilever scientists to use a minimum of solid fat (saturated fatty acids) to structure a maximum level of PUFA-rich liquid oil, thus developing the first blood-cholesterol-lowering product, Becel. Over the years the composition of this spread has been modified to reflect new scientific findings and recommendations. The present paper will briefly review the developments in fat technology that have made these improvements possible. Unilever produces spreads that are low in total fat and saturated fat, virtually free oftrans-fatty acids and with levels ofn-3 andn-6 PUFA that are in line with the latest dietary recommendations for the prevention of CHD. Individuals with the metabolic syndrome have a 2–4-fold increased risk of developing CHD; therefore, these spreads could make a contribution to CHD prevention in this group. In addition, for individuals with the metabolic syndrome the spreads could be further modified to address their unique dyslipidaemia, i.e. elevated blood triacylglycerols and low HDL-cholesterol. Research conducted in the LIPGENE study and other dietary intervention studies will deliver the scientific evidence to justify further modifications in the composition of spreads that are healthy for the heart disease risk factors associated with the metabolic syndrome.

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Multiple giant congenital nevi – a case report / Multipli gigantski kongenitalni nevusi – prikaz slučaja

Serbian Journal of Dermatology and Venerology ◽

10.2478/v10249-011-0039-3 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 69-76

Author(s):

Vesna Mikulić

Keyword(s):

Body Surface ◽

Psychosocial Problems ◽

The Body ◽

Skin Tumor ◽

Whole Body ◽

Neurocutaneous Melanosis ◽

Melanocytic Nevi ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Giant Congenital Melanocytic Nevi ◽

Congenital Melanocytic Nevi

Abstract Giant congenital melanocytic nevi are benign nevomelanocytic proliferations of 20 cm or more in diameter, present at birth. They are primarily found on the posterior trunk, but they may arise on any other part of the body, covering more than 2% of the body surface. Giant congenital nevi are major risk factors for the development of melanoma, and the risk has been estimated to be as high as 5-7%. Persons with giant congenital melanocytic nevi on the head, neck and along the midline of the back are at increased risk for leptomeningeal melanocytic lesions. Most patients with neurocutaneous melanosis present with neurologic manifestations of the disease in the first 2 years of life. Melanoma occurs in 62-80% of cases, but even without neoplasms, symptomatic neurocutaneous melanosis has a poor prognosis. This is a report of a 23-year-old female patient who presented with multiple congenital pigmented and pilous nevi covering over 2% of her total body surface, without malignant alterations or association with other abnormalities. At birth, a nevus covered her neck, shoulders and the upper left arm, whereas several nevi over 5cm in diameter were present in the gluteal region, on the abdomen and legs. During the first 2 years of life, the existing nevi increased in size and progressed into darker brown. New, smaller pigmented changes appeared on the whole body and the face, while at the age of 17 they reached their current size and layout. At puberty, nevi over 10cm in size grew dark hairs. There were neither melanoma nor skin tumor cases in the family. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging was not performed in the childhood or later in life, but other parameters - neurologic and ophthalmologic findings were in normal range all the time, as was growth and development. A complete photo-documentation was made, including macroscopic and dermoscopic images and regular follow-ups continue. Giant congenital melanocytic nevi may cause considerable esthetic and psychosocial problems. Due to their high malignant potential, association with other abnormalities, no consensus on the treatment, and monitoring problems, giant congenital melanocytic nevi represent a therapeutic problem as well.

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Unsaturated Fatty Acids Phosphorylate and Destabilize ABCA1 through a Phospholipase D2 Pathway

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1074/jbc.m506210200 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 280 (43) ◽

pp. 35896-35903 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

Yutong Wang ◽

John F. Oram

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Cultured Cells ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Serine Phosphorylation ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Abca1 Protein

Abnormal high density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism among patients with diabetes and insulin resistance may contribute to their increased risk of atherosclerosis. ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCA1 mediates the transport of cholesterol and phospholipids from cells to HDL apolipoproteins and thus modulates HDL levels and atherogenesis. Unsaturated fatty acids, which are elevated in diabetes, impair the ABCA1 pathway in cultured cells by destabilizing ABCA1 protein. Here we examined the cellular pathway that mediates the ABCA1 destabilizing effects of fatty acids. The long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase inhibitor triacsin C completely reversed fatty acid-induced ABCA1 destabilization, indicating that fatty acids need to be activated to their CoA derivatives to enhance ABCA1 degradation. Unsaturated but not saturated fatty acids stimulated phospholipase D (PLD) activity, the PLD inhibitor 1-butanol prevented the unsaturated fatty acid-induced reduction in ABCA1 levels, and the PLD2 activator mastoparan markedly reduced ABCA1 protein levels, implicating a role for PLD2 in the ABCA1 destabilizing effects of fatty acids. Unsaturated fatty acids and mastoparan increased phosphorylation of ABCA1 serines. PLD2 small interfering RNA abolished the ability of unsaturated fatty acids to inhibit lipid transport activity, to reduce protein levels, and to increase serine phosphorylation of ABCA1. The diacylglycerol analog oleoylacetylglycerol also reduced ABCA1 protein levels and increased its serine phosphorylation, suggesting that PLD2-generated diacylglycerols promote the destabilizing phosphorylation of ABCA1. These data provide evidence that intracellular unsaturated acyl-CoA derivatives destabilize ABCA1 by activating a PLD2 signaling pathway.

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