INTRASITE VANCOMYCIN POWDER AS A PROPHYLACTIC ADJUVANT IN LUMBAR FUSION

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify whether the use of prophylactic intrasite vancomycin as an adjuvant is a protective factor against deep tissue infection of the surgical site. Methods: Retrospective, descriptive, case-control study evaluating 210 patients, of whom 70 received intrasite vancomycin (case group) and 140 were controls. It was made a follow up for at least one year, reviewing the physical and electronic records. Data were tabulated in spreadsheets (Excel) including all variables and the statistical analysis was made with Epi InfoTM 7 to calculate the odds ratio. Results: Seven cases of deep infection occurred in the control group and none was found in the case group (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.1262 [0.007-2.24], P = 0.1585). Among the predisposing factors, diabetes and surgical time were the most relevant. Conclusions: Intrasite use of vancomycin has a protective effect against deep infection in patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgery without presenting considerable side effects.

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FAKTOR RISIKO KEPADATAN LALAT DAN SANITASI RUMAH DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE DI KELURAHAN TANJUNG PINANG KOTA JAMBI TAHUN 2017

Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi ◽

10.33087/jiubj.v18i1.449 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 208

Author(s):

Listautin Listautin

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Health Department ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test

Diarrhea is one of health problem in the world including Indonesia. The Morbidity survey undertaken by Sub-Directorate of diarrhea, Health Department from 2007 to 2010is improved. According to the data gained from Puskesmas in Tanjung Pinang Jambi in 2017, it is found out that 5 different districs in Tanjung Pinang are the district which has the highest rate of diarrhea sufferers. The aim of this study is to find out the risk factors of the flies density and the dwelling sanitation to the occurance of diarrhea in Tanjung Pinang Jambi in 2017. This study is quantitative study by using case control design. The sample of this study is 68 people who consists of 34 samples of case group and 34 samples of control group. This study is analyzed through univariate and bivariate analysis by using chi-square test. The instruments of this study are the reviewed document, ceklist, and the measurement through fly grill. The result of analysis are found out that toilet is the main risk factor for the occurance of diarrhea with odds ratio (OR) value is 3,519. Sewerage (SPAL) is one the risk factor of the diarrhea occurance with odds ratio (OR) value is 3,361. The waste is the other risk factors for the occurance of diarrhea with odds ratio (OR) value is 4,418. The flies density is the protective factor for the diarrhea occurance with odds ratio (OR) value is 0,773.Based on the result of this study, it can be concluded that it is necesarry to do the coorporation across program to optimize the noticing of information to public concerning on the importance of good dwelling sanitation and the low flies density in order to avoid from the occurance of diarrhea.Keyword : Diarrhea, Dwelling Sanitation, Flies Density

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Does Local Vancomycin Powder Impregnated with Autogenous Bone Graft and Bone Substitute Decrease the Risk of Deep Surgical Site Infection in Degenerative Lumbar Spine Fusion Surgery? - an Ambispective Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1105573/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shih-Tien Wang ◽

Po-Hsin Chou ◽

Yu-Cheng Yao ◽

Hsin-Hsian Lin ◽

Chien-Lin Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Substitute ◽

Lumbar Fusion ◽

Bone Substitutes ◽

Autogenous Bone ◽

Fusion Surgery ◽

Vancomycin Concentration ◽

Bony Fusion ◽

Vancomycin Powder ◽

Deep Surgical Site Infection

Abstract Background:Deep surgical site infection (DSSI) is one of the most challenging complications in lumbar fusion surgery. Few investigations examined the effect of vancomycin powder mixed with ABG and bone substitutes on preventing DSSI in degenerative lumbar fusion surgeries as well as any interference with bony fusion. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of autogenous bone graft (ABG) along with bone substitutes as a local vancomycin delivery system on preventing DSSI in lumbar instrumented fusion and compared with those who did not use vancomycin powder.Methods: From January, 2015 through December, 2015, a one-year prospective study using vancomycin powder mixed with ABG and bone substitute for degenerative lumbar fusion surgeries as vancomycin (V) group, 1 gm vancomycin for 2 and 3-level, and 2 gm for more than 3-level instrumentation. From December, 2013 through December 2014, patients received degenerative lumbar fusion surgeries without using vancomycin before the vancomycin protocol were retrospectively enrolled as non-vancomycin (NV) group. Vancomycin concentration was checked at post-operative days 1 and 3 for both the serum and drainage. Patients’ demographic data, microbiology reports, fusion status and functional outcomes were evaluated. Results:One hundred and ten patients were enrolled prospectively in the V group, and 86 for the NV group. After an average 41 months follow-up (range, 36-54), 3 patients (3.48%) developed postoperative DSSIs in the NV group, thereby requiring revision surgeries and parenteral antibiotics treatment versus no DSSIs (0%, 0/100) in the V group. (p=0.048). The postoperative serum vancomycin levels were undetectable and no vancomycin related side effects was encountered. The mean vancomycin concentration of drainage at postoperative days 1 and 3 were 517.96 ± 174.4 and 220.14 ± 102.3 mg/mL, respectively. At final follow-up, there was no statistical difference observed in terms of clinical and radiologic outcomes. Conclusions: Our vancomycin protocol may reduce the incidence of DSSI in degenerative lumbar fusion surgery without affecting bony fusion.

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RELATED FACTORS TO RELAPSE IN DEPRESSED PATIENTS AFTER COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY DURING ONE YEAR PROSPECTIVE FOLLOW-UP

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2011.5.2 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 13-19

Author(s):

Nhu Minh Hang Tran ◽

Huu Cat Nguyen ◽

Dang Doanh Nguyen ◽

Van Luong Ngo ◽

Vu Hoang Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Relapse Rate ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Control Group ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Related Factors ◽

Depressed Patients ◽

One Year

Objectives: To determine factors impact on the relapse in depressed patients treated with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) during one year follow-up. Materials and Methods: 80 depressed patients divided into two groups, group 1: included 40 patients treated with CBT; group 2: 40 patients on amitriptyline. Non-randomized controlled clinical trial, opened, longiditual and prospective research. Results and Conclusions: relapse rate after CBT during 1 year follow-up is 10% (compared to 25% in control group), related factors to relapse rate in depression after CBT are age and education. Shared predictors between 2 groups are severity and recurrence of depression. Key words: Depression, relapse, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

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Effects of a psychosocial intervention at one-year follow-up in a PREDIMED-plus sample with obesity and metabolic syndrome

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-88298-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Núria Mallorquí-Bagué ◽

María Lozano-Madrid ◽

Cristina Vintró-Alcaraz ◽

Laura Forcano ◽

Andrés Díaz-López ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Psychosocial Support ◽

Food Addiction ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Lifestyle Recommendations ◽

One Year ◽

Mediational Role

AbstractThis study examines if overweight/obesity are related to higher impulsivity, food addiction and depressive symptoms, and if these variables could be modified after 1 year of a multimodal intervention (diet, physical activity, psychosocial support). 342 adults (55–75 years) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) from the PREDIMED-Plus Cognition study were randomized to the intervention or to the control group (lifestyle recommendations). Cognitive and psychopathological assessments were performed at baseline and after 1-year follow-up. At baseline, higher impulsivity was linked to higher food addiction and depressive symptoms, but not to body mass index (BMI). Food addiction not only predicted higher BMI and depressive symptoms, but also achieved a mediational role between impulsivity and BMI/depressive symptoms. After 1 year, patients in both groups reported significant decreases in BMI, food addiction and impulsivity. BMI reduction and impulsivity improvements were higher in the intervention group. Higher BMI decrease was achieved in individuals with lower impulsivity. Higher scores in food addiction were also related to greater post-treatment impulsivity. To conclude, overweight/obesity are related to higher impulsivity, food addiction and depressive symptoms in mid/old age individuals with MetS. Our results also highlight the modifiable nature of the studied variables and the interest of promoting multimodal interventions within this population.

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Prevalence of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus and Toxoplasma gondii in Feral Cats on St. Kitts, West Indies

Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.3390/vetsci8020016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Xinyu Chi ◽

Kexin Fang ◽

Liza Koster ◽

Jevan Christie ◽

Chaoqun Yao

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Protozoan Parasite ◽

Domestic Cat ◽

Feral Cats ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

One Year

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a cosmopolitan protozoan parasite that infects all warm-blooded species including humans. The definitive hosts of T. gondii are felid vertebrates including the domestic cat. Domestic cats shed oocysts for approximately two weeks in their feces after the primary infection. It has been shown that feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) positive cats have a higher prevalence of and a higher titer of antibodies to T. gondii than those of FIV-negative cats. The main purposes of this study were to determine FIV prevalence and to investigate the oocysts shedding in FIV-positive and FIV-negative feral cats on St. Kitts. Fecal samples were collected from feral cats while their FIV statues were determined using a commercial SNAP kit. Total fecal DNA of each cat was tested for the presence of T. gondii DNA using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) consistently detecting one genome equivalent. A FIV-positive status was detected in 18 of 105 (17.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 9.9%−24.3%) feral cats sampled. Furthermore, males were three times more likely to be FIV positive than females (p = 0.017) with an odds ratio of 3.93 (95% CI: 1.20–12.89). Adults were found to have at least twice the prevalence of FIV compared to cats younger than one year of age (p = 0.056) with an odds ratio of 3.07 (95% CI: 0.94–10.00). Toxoplasma gondii DNA was not detected in the feces of any of the 18 FIV-positive (95% CI: 0%−0.18%) and 87 FIV-negative cats (95% CI: 0%−0.04%). A follow-up study with a much bigger sample size is needed to prove or disprove the hypothesis that FIV-positive cats have a higher prevalence of shedding T. gondii oocysts than FIV-negative cats.

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Associations between Red Blood Cell and Platelet Transfusions and Retinopathy of Prematurity

Neonatology ◽

10.1159/000512020 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Tobias Hengartner ◽

Mark Adams ◽

Riccardo E. Pfister ◽

Diane Snyers ◽

Jane McDougall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Same Sex ◽

Live Births ◽

Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽

Control Study

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine possible associations between the transfusion of RBC or platelets (PLTs) and the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in infants. Methods: This retrospective, national, case-control study included all live births in Switzerland between 2013 and 2018. We investigated preterm infants at a gestational age of <28 weeks, who developed higher stage ROP (≥stage 2, n = 178). Each case infant was matched to another of the same sex who did not develop ROP (n = 178, control group). Results: When compared with the control group, we observed higher numbers of RBC transfusions per infant and higher percentages of infants receiving PLT transfusions in the case group. An adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed that both RBC (odds ratio [OR] 1.081, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.020–1.146) and PLT transfusions (OR = 2.502, 95% CI 1.566–3.998) numbers were associated with ROP development. Conclusions: Multiple RBC and PLT transfusions are associated with higher stage ROP development. Prospective studies are required to determine their potential as risk factors.

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Suicidal Ideation Amongst Adolescent Suffering from Disordered Eating: The Young-HUNT Study

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.278 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S88-S89

Author(s):

F. Saeedzadeh Sardahaee ◽

T. Lingaas Holmen ◽

N. Micali ◽

K. Kvaløy

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Disordered Eating ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Eating Attitude ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Poor Appetite

IntroductionSuicide takes a great toll on both individuals and societies. Successful preventive measures would require a careful understanding of the scope of suicidal ideation as well as its associated factors. Amongst mental disorders, anorexia nervosa has the highest mortality rate due to suicide.Objective and aimsStudying the prevalence of suicidal ideation and its associated factors in adolescents (13–19 years old) affected by disordered eating (DE).MethodsLogistic regression was employed to study associations between suicidal ideation and age, gender and disordered eating in adolescents from a population-based prospective study, The Young-HUNT 3 cohort, 2006-8. DE cases were defined using the self-reported questionnaire (Eating Attitude Test-7) and then grouped into two subscales, poor appetite/under-eating and uncontrolled appetite/overeating.ResultsA total of 3933(boys 49% and 51% girls) were included. In total, 177 poor appetite/under-eating and 365 uncontrolled appetite/overeating cases were identified. Prevalence of suicidal ideation was 24.5% in total sample with girls being more affected (27.1%). Prevalence of suicidal ideation amongst poor appetite/under-eating case group and uncontrolled appetite/overeating cases was respectively 43.5 and 39.2%. The odds-ratio of suicidal ideation amongst poor appetite/under-eating cases compared to control group was 2.56 (95% CI, 1.85 to 3.42, P-value < 0.001) whilst the odds-ratio of suicidal ideation amongst uncontrolled appetite/overeating cases compared to control group was 2.19 (95% CI, 1.75 to 2.74, P-value < 0.001). Results remained significant after adjusting for anxiety and depression symptoms.ConclusionFocus on high risk groups such as DE seems important in taking suicide preventive measures.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Use of Trained Mothers to Teach Interviewing Skills to First-Year Medical Students: A Follow-up Study

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.60.2.165 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 165-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Paula L. Stillman ◽

Darrell L. Sabers ◽

Doris L. Redfield

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

School Curriculum ◽

Control Group ◽

First Year ◽

Feedback Session ◽

Optimal Learning ◽

Interviewing Skills ◽

One Year ◽

First Year Medical Students

This report describes an attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of "trained mother" interviews early in the medical school curriculum. As an adjunct to a first-year course that teaches interviewing techniques, half of the students were exposed to an interview with one of three trained mothers early in the course. This treatment interview was immediately followed by a feedback session which concentrated on the content and process of interviewing. At the end of the course, all students had an evaluative interview. Those students who had an initial interview and feedback session with a trained mother scored significantly higher on both the content and process of their interviews than the control group. This technique is an effective and efficient way to teach interviewing skills to medical students prior to entering any of their clinical clerkships. A follow-up assessment conducted one year later indicated that one interview with a trained mother is sufficient for optimal learning and that the skills learned are retained over at least that period of time.

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The role of VEGF rs699947 polymorphism in End-Stage Renal Disease: A preliminary study

10.51271/kmj-0005 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 19-23

Keyword(s):

Renal Disease ◽

End Stage Renal Disease ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Turkish Population ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Important Public Health Problem ◽

Stage Renal Disease ◽

End Stage

Aim: End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is an important public health problem worldwide with an increasing incidence and prevalence. There are many environmental and genetic factors which contribute to the development of ESRD. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been suggested to play an important role in renal pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to determine the probable relation between ESRD and VEGF gene rs699947 polymorphism in Turkish population. Material and Method: Genotyping of rs699947 was carried out in 50 ESRD patients on dialysis treatment and 30 healthy controls, using a Kompetitive Allelic-Specific PCR (KASP) method following DNA isolation. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were recorded. Results: The prevalance of rs699947 AA genotype was found to be higher in the control group, but it was not statistically significant (p>0.05) . Conclusion: Although statistically insignificant, the frequency of AA genotype was higher in the control group compared to the case group, therefore we concluded that AA genotype may be a protective factor for ESRD in Turkish population. However, this conclusion needs to be further verified by future studies performed in larger study groups.

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One-Year Follow-Up of Healthy Older Adults with Electroencephalographic Risk for Neurocognitive Disorder After Neurofeedback Training

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-215538 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Graciela C. Alatorre-Cruz ◽

Thalía Fernández ◽

Susana A. Castro-Chavira ◽

Mauricio González-López ◽

Sergio M. Sánchez-Moguel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Theta Activity ◽

Control Group ◽

Global Changes ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Improvement ◽

One Year ◽

Experimental Group

Background: In healthy older adults, excess theta activity is an electroencephalographic (EEG) predictor of cognitive impairment. In a previous study, neurofeedback (NFB) treatment reinforcing reductions theta activity resulted in EEG reorganization and cognitive improvement. Objective: To explore the clinical applicability of this NFB treatment, the present study performed a 1-year follow-up to determine its lasting effects. Methods: Twenty seniors with excessive theta activity in their EEG were randomly assigned to the experimental or control group. The experimental group received an auditory reward when the theta absolute power (AP) was reduced. The control group received the reward randomly. Results: Both groups showed a significant decrease in theta activity at the training electrode. However, the EEG results showed that only the experimental group underwent global changes after treatment. These changes consisted of delta and theta decreases and beta increases. Although no changes were found in any group during the period between the posttreatment evaluation and follow-up, more pronounced theta decreases and beta increases were observed in the experimental group when the follow-up and pretreatment measures were compared. Executive functions showed a tendency to improve two months after treatment which became significant one year later. Conclusion: These results suggest that the EEG and behavioral benefits of this NFB treatment persist for at least one year, which adds up to the available evidence contributing to identifying factors that increase its efficacy level. The relevance of this study lies in its prophylactic features of addressing a clinically healthy population with EEG risk of cognitive decline.

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