scholarly journals Presence of p-synephrine in teas commercialized in Porto Alegre (RS/Brazil)

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Dutra Arbo ◽  
Paulini Braun ◽  
Mirna Bainy Leal ◽  
Elisa Raup Larentis ◽  
Ana Lucia Aboy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Bitter Orange ◽  
Herbal Preparations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cluster Headaches

Citrus aurantium (bitter orange) is characterized by the presence of p-synephrine, an amine structurally and pharmacologically related to ephedrine. Besides the same adverse effects as ephedrine, nowadays it is believed that altered levels of p-synephrine can be associated to the occurrence of migraine and cluster headaches. Leaves and fruits of this species are highly commercialized in form of teas and herbal preparations, but without taking into account the risks associated with its use. This work describes a survey of teas and herbal preparations containing C. aurantium, commercialized in Porto Alegre (RS/Brazil), in order to verify the presence of p-synephrine. Comparing with the mean amount available in the supermarkets, around 20% of the teas and 10% of the herbal preparations declared the presence of C. aurantium in their labels. In a sampling of 15 teas and 2 herbal preparations selected for the analysis, the presence of p-synephrine was characterized in all samples, with levels between 0.0040 to 0.2308%, leading to a caution that even being natural products, they are not free of adverse effects.

Vitamin C ameliorates the adverse effects of dexamethasone on sperm motility, testosterone level, and spermatogenesis indexes in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Sadeghzadeh ◽  
MS Mehranjani ◽  
M Mahmoodi
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vit C

Background: Dexamethasone (DEX) is a common medicine that is capable of causing malformation in the male reproductive system. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin C (Vit-C) on spermatogenesis indexes and daily sperm production (DSP) in adult mice treated with DEX. Methods: Male Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice were divided into four groups: Control, DEX (7 mg/kg/day), Vit-C (100 mg/kg/day), and DEX +Vit-C and treated for 7 days with intraperitoneal injection. Results: A significant increase in the mean levels of serum and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and apoptosis of Leydig cells was found in the DEX group compared to the control group. Sperm motility, DSP, tubular differentiation index, meiotic index, spermatogenesis index, the mean number of spermatocytes, round and long spermatids, and Leydig cells, and also serum testosterone level decreased in the DEX group compared to the control group. The results of this study indicate that Vit-C can significantly prevent the adverse effects of DEX on the mean number of spermatocyte, spermatid, and Leydig cells, tubular differentiation, meiotic and spermatogenesis index, DSP, sperm motility, and the mean levels of serum MDA. Conclusion: In conclusion, our results showed that coadministration of Vit-C and DEX prevents the adverse effects of DEX on the spermatogenesis indexes and DSP.

scholarly journals Analysis of the use and adverse effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: A pilot study

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Peric ◽  
Marija Toskic-Radojicic
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Stomach Pain ◽  
Antiulcer Drugs ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Number Of Males

Background/Aim. The use and adverse effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in outpatients with rheumatic diseases has not yet been studied enough. The aim of this study was to evaluate the data about the efficacy and safety of NSAIDs obtained from the questionnaires submitted to the outpatients receiving these drugs. Methods. The patients who had been prescribed any of NSAIDs within the period from June to September, 2004 were included in the study. The answers obtained from the questionnaires were statistically analyzed by means of ?2-test. Results. At the time of the study, 150 patients had been prescribed ibuprofen or some other NSAID. Out of the total number of dispensed questionnaires (n = 150), only 45 (30%) were shown to be correctly filled-in. Their analysis showed that 64.4% of the patients had suffered from rheumatic diseases for more than five years, and had regularly used NSAIDs. The average age of these patients was about 70 years, and the number of females was double as high as that of the males. The most frequently used NSAIDs were diclofenac and ibuprofen (46.14%, and 23.24%, respectively). According to the answers given by the patients, the most often adverse reactions were gastric complaints such as nausea (11.1%), and stomach pain (8.9%). Due to this, the majority of the patients (64.4%) used some of the antiulcer drugs, most often ranitidine (31.1%). Conclusion. The results of this pilot study revealed that among the outpatients suffering from rheumatic diseases, the number of females was double as high as the number of males, that these patients were of the mean age of 70 years, and that their diseases lasted longer than five years. Gastric complains such as nausea and gastric pain of mild intensity were the most often adverse effects of NSAIDs reported by our patients. It could be the consequence of the predominant use of diclofenac and ibuprofen, NSAIDs with mild to moderate ulcerogenic potential, as well as the concomitant use of H2-receptor antagonists.

The Effectiveness of Lavender (Lavendula Augustfolia) and Neroli (Citrus Aurantium) Aromatherapy Inhalation to Decrease Pain Labor

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Nurul Azizah ◽  
Rafhani Rosyidah ◽  
Hanik Machfudloh
Keyword(s):  
Labor Pain ◽  
P Value ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Uterine Contractions ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Postpartum Pain

Maternal labor will experience almost all body pain, such as painful ribs, stitches, abdominal pain due to uterine contractions, and discomfort in the back due to epidural needles, and this discomfort will last several days and can be overcome by prescription for painkillers. In this study aimed at carrying out non-famacological pain relief therapy, namely by using aromatherapy which is believed to reduce pain, this study tried to compare the effectiveness of lavender and neroli aromatherapy inhalation to decrease post-labor pain. The research method used quasi-experimental that is given aromatherapy lavender (Lavendula Augustfolia) and neroli (Citrus Aurantium) inhalation treatments. The number of respondents was 60 with 1-2 days of normal and postpartum criteria, each group consisted of 30 respondents. Group 1 was held at the Pearl Delta Clinic RB and group 2 in the Karunia RB Clinic. Data were analyzed by univariable by using mean and standard deviation, bivariable with statistical test independent sample T test. The results of this study showed a mean reduction in pain scores on lavender aromatherapy inhalation of 2.36 ± 0.15, whereas in the aromatherapy neroli inhalation group the mean reduction in pain score was 3.03 ± 0.067 with a P value <0.002 indicating a significant relationship. The conclusion of this study is the inhalation of lavender aromatherapy (LavendulaAugustfolia) and neroli (Citrus Aurantium) can reduce the intensity of postpartum pain, but in the aromatherapy neroli inhalation group has a greater pain reduction score than the lavender group. 

scholarly journals Percutaneous ultrasound-guided laser ablation for the treatment of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis: a pilot study

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1512-1520
Author(s):  
Gaoyi Yang ◽  
Jianhua Fang ◽  
Tianzhuo Yu ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Wenzhi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Tuberculous Lymphadenitis ◽  
Good Tolerability ◽  
Minimal Invasiveness ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Larger Sample

Objective This study was performed to assess the feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of percutaneous ultrasound (US)-guided laser ablation (LA) for the treatment of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis (CTBL). Methods We retrospectively reviewed 11 patients with CTBL (mean age, 32.0 ± 8.6 years; range, 18–47 years) who underwent percutaneous US-guided LA from June 2014 to December 2016 with a subsequent 12-month follow-up. We assessed the mean volume reduction and contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) changes of the target lymph nodes as well as the tolerability and adverse effects of LA. Results The mean ablation energy was 522 ± 312 J (range, 204–1317 J). All 17 enrolled target lymph nodes were completely non-enhanced after LA treatment as detected by CEUS, indicating complete ablation of all lymph nodes (100%). The target lymph nodes significantly decreased in volume by a mean of 74.0% ± 15.6% from baseline to 12 months after LA. The LA procedure was well tolerated, and none of the 11 patients developed severe complications during the 12-month follow-up. Conclusion Percutaneous US-guided LA for the treatment of CTBL exhibits good tolerability, minimal invasiveness, and few adverse effects. Further investigations with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are warranted to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Anti-Obesity Natural Products Tested in Juvenile Zebrafish Obesogenic Tests and Mouse 3T3-L1 Adipogenesis Assays

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (24) ◽  
pp. 5840
Author(s):  
Hiroko Nakayama ◽  
Kanae Hata ◽  
Izumi Matsuoka ◽  
Liqing Zang ◽  
Youngil Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Adult Zebrafish ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
In Vivo Testing ◽  
Tea Extract

(1) Background: The obesity epidemic has been drastically progressing in both children and adults worldwide. Pharmacotherapy is considered necessary for its treatment. However, many anti-obesity drugs have been withdrawn from the market due to their adverse effects. Instead, natural products (NPs) have been studied as a source for drug discovery for obesity, with the goal of limiting the adverse effects. Zebrafish are ideal model animals for in vivo testing of anti-obesity NPs, and disease models of several types of obesity have been developed. However, the evidence for zebrafish as an anti-obesity drug screening model are still limited. (2) Methods: We performed anti-adipogenic testing using the juvenile zebrafish obesogenic test (ZOT) and mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocytes using the focused NP library containing 38 NPs and compared their results. (3) Results: Seven and eleven NPs reduced lipid accumulation in zebrafish visceral fat tissues and mouse adipocytes, respectively. Of these, five NPs suppressed lipid accumulation in both zebrafish and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We confirmed that these five NPs (globin-digested peptides, green tea extract, red pepper extract, nobiletin, and Moringa leaf powder) exerted anti-obesity effects in diet-induced obese adult zebrafish. (4) Conclusions: ZOT using juvenile fish can be a high-throughput alternative to ZOT using adult zebrafish and can be applied for in vivo screening to discover novel therapeutics for visceral obesity and potentially also other disorders.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the quality and appropriateness of medical prescriptions in the hospital discharge report

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Maria Encarnacion Tamayo Rodríguez ◽  
Francisco Miguel González Valverde ◽  
Manuel Madrigal de Torres ◽  
Pedro Pérez Fernández ◽  
Eduardo Osuna Carrillo de Albornoz
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Standard Terms ◽  
Mean Cost

Objectives: The aim of this research has been to evaluate: (a) the frequency of the use of non-standard terms in medical prescriptions; (b) the proportion of “new drugs of irrelevant therapeutic value” or medication of low therapeutic utility (LTU); and (c) the use of Generic Pharmaceutical Specialties (GPS). Materials and methods: Descriptive transversal observational study with analytical components over the hospital discharge reports issued in a year. The main variables of the results were: a) the proportion of prescriptions with abbreviations, symbols or expressions of non-recommended doses in the discharge report, b) the frequency of prescriptions of pharmaceutical specialties without the relevant contribution (NRPS), c) the proportion of LTU medication in the hospital discharge reports, d) the frequency of GPS or, if they are not available, the Common International Denomination (CID) of the active ingredient in the discharge reports, and e) the mean cost per prescribed medication in the hospital discharge report. Results: A total of 854 discharge reports have been studied containing 4,055 medical prescriptions. A considerable number (38.8%) of the medical prescriptions in the discharge report have used abbreviations and non-recommended symbols for dose expression. The prescription of new drugs of irrelevant therapeutic value reached 2.8% while the prescription of pharmaceutical products of LTU was 2.1%. Only 13.8% of the prescriptions were carried out as an active ingredient. The mean cost per prescription was 17.3 euros (SD = 31.34). Conclusions: Appropriateness in the prescription of medication at hospital discharge is considered to be not satisfactory and our results are consistent with other previously published reports. However, there are frequent errors in the prescription of medication and given the demonstrated relationship between errors and possible adverse effects, it is necessary to introduce programs to raise awareness about the importance of the introduction of safe practices in the medical prescriptions of the hospital discharge report.

scholarly journals Validity of self-reported weight: a study of urban brazilian adults

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria I. Schmidt ◽  
Bruce B. Duncan ◽  
Mário Tavares ◽  
Carísi A. Polanczyk ◽  
Lúcia Pellanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Measured Weight ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Mean

In order to evaluate the validity of self-reported weight for use in obesity prevalence surveys, self-reported weight was compared to measured weight for 659 adults living in the Porto Alegre county, RS Brazil in 1986-87, both weights being obtained by a technician in the individual's home on the same visit. The mean difference between self-reported and measured weight was small (-0.06 +/- 3.16 kg; mean +/- standard deviation), and the correlation between reported and measured weight was high (r=0.97). Sixty-two percent of participants reported their weight with an error of < 2 kg, 87% with an error of < 4 kg, and 95% with an error of < 6 kg. Underweight individuals overestimated their weight, while obese individuals underestimated theirs (p<0.05). Men tended to overestimate their weight and women underestimate theirs, this difference between sexes being statistically significant (p=0.04). The overall prevalence of underweight (body mass index < 20) by reported weight was 11%, by measured weight 13%; the overall prevalence of obesity (body mass index > 30) by reported weight was 10%, by measured weight 11%. Thus, the validity of reported weight is acceptable for surveys of the prevalence of ponderosity in similar settings.

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