Psychopathy as a Modus of Human Destructiveness in the Literary and Philosophical Reflection of Postmodernity (Based on the Novels "A Clockwork Orange" by A. Burgess and "The Wasp Factory" by I. Banks)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4-2) ◽  
pp. 442-457
Author(s):  
Anastasia Kucherova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Normal Component ◽  
Frankfurt School ◽  
Central Character ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Science Philosophy ◽  
Genetically Determined

The sociopolitical circumstances of people's lives are constantly changing, which is studied by science, philosophy and art. The twentieth century is a time of great upheavals that changed the approach to the concept of man and the field of his existence. Philosophers of the second half of the twentieth century pay attention to the destructive nature of state power, its institutions are interpreted as suppressing freedom and consolidating violence as an ideology (the Frankfurt School, J. Baudrillard, S. Zizek, etc.). Another important concept is the interpretation of destructive impulses as a normal component of a person (J. Bataille, Z. Freud, E. Fromm, J. Deleuze, etc.). This idea creates a pattern of behavior that is considered psychopathic in the article. Psychopathy is a genetically determined type of antisocial personality. The phenomenon of psychopathy is a subject not only of scientific study, but also of art: the psychopath became a central character in many works of literature and cinema in the second half of the twentieth century. The article analyzes the novels "A Clockwork Orange" by E. Burgess (1962) and "The Wasp Factory" by I. Banks (1984), where the main characters are teenage psychopaths. The article concludes that these works complement each other, exploring two main areas of human life (the world of the state and the world of the family). It is suggested that by referring to the psychopathic hero, writers describe the changes that take place in society, these changes are also analyzed by philosophers. The fact that psychopathic traits in novels are concentrated in the images of teenagers indicates the possibility of psychopathy developing and spreading in the future.

scholarly journals Orwell's Satirical View of Romantic Love in the Terrorized World of Nineteen Eighty-Four

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Besharati ◽  
Golnar Mazdayasna ◽  
Sayed Mohammad Anoosheh
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Romantic Love ◽  
Positive Stimulus ◽  
Central Character ◽  
Technological Society ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

The beginning of twentieth century was accompanied with the prevailing current of technology in different aspects of human life. At first, it incited a positive stimulus which could build a utopian world on the advancement of technology. However, the bloody World Wars averted this view and the technological utopia was replaced by Orwellian dystopia. Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four is a satirical work which moves against Wells' utopian toward the reflection of a distorted technological society. Undoubtedly, satire is the best literary mode for dystopic depiction of the world specifically the one portrayed in Nineteen Eighty-Four. Winston Smith, the central character of this novel, is lower from his society in terms of intelligence and power of action. Therefore, he is put under rigid controls and brainwashing. And at last, he awfully rejects his love in favor the principles of the Party. Thus, in this study, we try to investigate Winston's romantic life in a satiric manner with respect to Northrop Frye's theme of romance which includes the three phase of agon, pathos and anagnorisis. 

The Growth and Dissolution of a Large-Scale Business Enterprise

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Boyce
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Financial Structure ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Business Enterprise ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World

This book is an in-depth case study of the Furness Withy and Co Shipping Group, which operated both tramp and liner services and was one of the five major British shipping groups of the early twentieth century. It demonstrates how British shipowners of this period generated success by exploring Christopher Furness’ career in relation to the social, political, and cultural currents during a time of tremendous shipping growth in Britain and the establishment of some of the largest shipping firms in the world. It approaches the study from three angles. The first analyses how the Furness Group expanded its shipping activities and became involved with the industrial sector. The second illustrates the organisational and financial structure of the enterprise. Finally, the Group’s leadership and entrepreneurship is scrutinised and placed within the wider context of twentieth century British business. The case study begins in 1870, with an introduction explaining how Christopher Furness came to join the family company, Thomas Furness and Co. in order develop services, expand, and instigate the changes and mergers that brought the Furness Group into existence. There are thirteen chronologically presented chapters, a bibliography, and seven appendices of data including an ownership timeline, tonnage statistics, acquisitions, a list of maritime associates, and a timeline of Christopher Furness’ life. The book concludes in 1919 with the de-merging of the Furness Group’s shipping and industrial holdings, the resignation of the Furness family from the company’s board, the sale of their shares, and the move into managing the firm’s industrial interests.

scholarly journals The phenomenon of suffering of the righteous in the Orthodox thought of God

2000 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
N. I. Kavunenko
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The World

The problem of the existence of suffering in the world originally disturbed people. Particular attention is paid to it in the twentieth century, when the negative states of human life in the world become global.

PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR INTRODUCING MODERN YOUTH TO FAMILY VALUES

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Livak N.S. ◽  
Smirnaya A.A. ◽  
Portnyagina A.M.
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Family Values ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Psychology Pedagogy ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Healthy Functioning ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

At present, the theory of values is undergoing its revival due to the new social, scientific and technical realities of reality, since the categories of peace, human life, and livelihood are beginning to play an increasing role in the content of the world perception, worldview of new generations. The hierarchy of values, as well as the place of family values in it, reflect the characteristics of time, living conditions and form the basis of a person's relationship with himself, with others, with the world as a whole. In the context of this issue, we are considering a set of measures aimed at introducing modern youth to fundamental family values, which can play a significant role in shaping their mental and physical health, as well as supporting the creation of their own family. Relevance is due to the fundamentality of the family question, its role is inscribed in many spheres of life, and is affected in the sciences related to psychology, such as sociology, psychology, pedagogy and philosophy. An example of this is that in many fields of related sciences, one way or another, the topic of the institution of the family, and family values as such, is touched upon. Family values are part of the healthy functioning of society. Family education gives us certain qualities that we use in adulthood, which significantly affects the whole life of society. Attention is drawn to the importance of the institution of the family for society, its connection with other spheres of life, such as work, circle of communication, self-realization, and others. The main emphasis in the designation of importance was on the social and spiritual spheres.

Astrology

2021 ◽  
pp. 138-158
Author(s):  
Marek Tuszewicki
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
Jewish Culture ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Jewish Society ◽  
The World ◽  
Attributes Of God

This chapter discusses the role of astrology in Jewish medicine, which was another field of great significance for therapeutics. The Bible exhorted Israel not to fear 'portents in the sky' that caused the pagans to tremble. While they rejected the speculations of astrologers of other nations and doubted the accuracy of their predictions, the actual idea of astral influences recurred frequently in their own writings. Knowledge of basic astrological concepts was crucial to an understanding of many aspects of Jewish culture, above all the calendar and the rabbinic discussions surrounding it. The conviction that the seven planets influenced human life and health, in particular at the hour of one's birth, had put down deep roots in the popular consciousness. The Jews perceived a link between the movements of the heavenly bodies and the comparable phenomena of dying and returning to life that they observed in nature. In the folk imagination, the image of the sky was enriched by the conviction that everybody had a light, or lamp, up there which was extinguished with their death. It is pertinent to add that the sun, moon, and stars (and sometimes also the seven planets) featured extremely frequently in the texts of Jewish conjurations. They were mentioned above all in incantations, alongside the attributes of God and religious paraphernalia endowed with an aura of sanctity. Astrology was an intrinsic aspect of views on the rules governing the world that dominated thought in Jewish society until the early twentieth century.

Revolution

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Schouls
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Original State ◽  
Science Philosophy ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Coups D'etat ◽  
New Situation ◽  
Late Modern ◽  
Political Realm

There have been revolutions in politics, science, philosophy and most other spheres of human life. This entry discusses revolution mainly through concepts pertaining especially to the political realm. Attempts to define political revolution have been controversial; as a consequence there is dispute about whether specific occurrences were revolutions, rebellions, coups d’état or reformations. If we define revolution as the illegal introduction of a radically new situation and order for the sake of obtaining or increasing individual or communal freedom, we may list those characteristics most often ascribed to it. These characteristics distinguish it from its earlier use where revolution referred to the return of an original state of affairs, as in astronomy; they also allow its distinction from related concepts such as reformation. At least at a superficial level this definition can do justice to early modern (seventeenth and eighteenth) as well as late modern (nineteenth and twentieth century) revolutions. Through these periods there has, however, been sufficient change in concepts closely related to revolution to require the definition’s openness to nuances for it to apply to both periods. It is unclear whether even such a nuanced definition can apply in postmodern thought.

Russian Religious Aesthetics in the First Half of the Twentieth Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 361-378
Author(s):  
Victor V. Bychkov ◽  
Oleg V. Bychkov
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Kingdom Of God ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Artistic Creativity ◽  
Important Principle ◽  
The World ◽  
The Holy Spirit

At the turn of the twentieth-century Russian culture experienced a spiritual-religious Renaissance, which was accompanied by a rise of religiously oriented aesthetics. Generally, this aesthetics amounted to an awareness of the highest role that aesthetic experience, and in particular art, plays in human life and culture. Within this aesthetics, beauty, the beautiful, art, artistic creativity and symbols, and the artist-creator were viewed in a spiritually heightened and almost sacred way. Beauty was considered as the highest value and often as an essential trait of God himself, Sophia, the Wisdom of God, the Holy Spirit, the Theotokos, or the Universal Church. Beauty was also considered to be the most important principle of the existence of the human race, or as an essential and divine foundation of culture and art. Art itself was conceptualized as divinely inspired creativity, and the artist as a divinely chosen conduit of spiritual ideas and images, which can be expressed exclusively in artistic forms; as a theurge, whose mind and hand are guided by divine powers. Finally, this aesthetics viewed artistic creativity as that ideal paradigm which, by providing aesthetic principles, serves as the foundation of human life, of the culture of the future, and of the final stage of the divine creation of the world—the creation of the Kingdom of God on earth—that will be taken over by artists-creators-theurges.

Introduction

1995 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahirih V. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Foreign Office ◽  
Family Connections

In The Early Twentieth Century, Shanghai Promised Opportunities that attracted people from all over China and, indeed, from around the world. To all who arrived—the wealthy banker from Ningbo looking to multiply the family fortune, the young British diplomat fresh from a desk job at the Foreign Office, the unwilling daughter from Suzhou sold into prostitution, the shop apprentice whose family connections brought another kind of indentured service, or the Chinese and foreign sailors “shanghaied” into service on one of the thousands of shipping vessels docked every year in Shanghai's harbor—Shanghai offered both great risks and real opportunities.

scholarly journals Upaya Meningkatkan Perkembangan Nilai Agama dan Moral Melalui Metode Keteladanan pada Anak Usia Dini

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Abdurrahman Abdurrahman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
School Community ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Life Safety ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Community Environments

  Abstrak: Pembentukan sikap dan penanaman nilai-nilai dipengaruhi berbagai factor terutama lingkungan, yaitu lingkungan keluarga, sekolah, dan masyarakat. Artinya, walaupun disekolah guru berusaha memberikan contoh yang baik, akan tetapu manakala tida didukung oleh lingkungan baik keluarga dan masyarakat, maka penanaman nilai-nilai dan pembentukan sikap akan sulit dilaksanakan. Oleh karna itu, pembentukan sikap memerlukan upaya semua pihak, baik lingkungan, sekolah, masyarakat maupun keluarga. Keluarga adalah unit terkecil dalam kehidupan manusia sebagai makhluk sosial. Sejak dari awal setiap individu mengalami hidup, tumbuh dan berkembang didalam keluarga. Karna alasan itulah setiap keluarga diyakini sebagai unit pertama dan utama yang mengarahkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak serta meletakkan dasar-dasar keutamaan pribadi untuk keselamatan hidup di dunia dan di akhirat. Pendidikan dalam keluarga cukup luas mencakup keseluruhan perkembangan keperibadiannya baik dalam dimensi kegiatanannyamaupun dalam dimensi nilai-nilai yang dinamakan kepada anak. Semua itu menjadi tanggung jawab orang tua untuk merawat, mengasuh, membimbing dan mendidik anak sehinggan bertumbung dan berkembang sebagaimana mestinya. Untuk menumbuhkembangkan anak, orang yua wajib memberikan makanan yang halal lagi baik agar sehat jasmaninnya. Selain itu anak harus  dibimbing dan di biasakan dalam sikap patuh, berbudi luhur, berdisiplin sebagau hamba Allah yang taat.   Title: The Development of Religion and Moral Values Through Exemplary Method Abstract: The formations of attitudes and instilling of values are influenced by various factors, especially the environment, namely the family, school and community environments. It means that although the teachers try to give a good example at school, it will not run well when it is not supported by the environment both the family and the community, so the instilling of values and formation of attitudes will be difficult to implement. Therefore, the formation of attitudes requires the efforts of all parties, such as environment, school, community and family. Family is the smallest unit in human life as a social creature. From the beginning each individual experiences life, grows and develops in the family; that is why every family is believed to be the first and foremost unit which directs the growth and development of children and places the foundations of personal primacy for life safety in the world and in the hereafter. Education in the family is broad enough to cover the overall personality development both the dimensions of activities and the dimensions of values taught to children. All becomes the parents’ responsibility to care for, nurture, guide and educate children so that they grow and develop as they should. To develop children, parents must provide halal foods which are good for their physical health. In addition, children must be guided and accustomed to being obedient, virtuous, and disciplined as the obedient servants to the God.

scholarly journals Kobieta i jej rola w historii zbawienia według Klemensa Aleksandryjskiego

Vox Patrum ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Stanisław Łucarz
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Clement Of Alexandria ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

The article focuses on the notion of femaleness and its role in the history of salvation in the works of Clement of Alexandria. Although these are not the central themes of his considerations, he reflects on this subject against the back­ground of his magnificent vision of the incarnation of the divine Logos. The be­getting or generating of Logos by Father is the first stage of the incarnation, which is followed by the next stages: the creation of the world and of human beings, the revelation in the Old Testament and – although not directly – in the Greek philosophy. The last stage is the incarnation in Jesus Christ. All this leads towards the divinization and the unity in God. Femaleness in Clement’s work should be considered as a part of cosmic dimensions. For him, men and women are substan­tially – i.e. on the level of their souls – equal, hence in the spiritual and intellectual dimension both sexes are vested with identical dignity and enjoy equal rights. The differences between sexes are located in the body and affect various aspects of human life, mostly biological and reproductive ones, not to mention the family, community and religious reality. In practice, it is the woman who is subordinated to man due to the fact, as Clement holds, that the female body is weaker than the male one, more subjugated to passivity, less perfect and more susceptible to pas­sions. For that reason, on the way to salvation, it is the man who is the head of the woman. However, it is not an absolute subjection. If the woman goes on the way to salvation (a Christian woman), and the man does not, the Lord is the head of the woman (the divine Logos, whom she follows). All these differences resulting from the possession of a body are eliminated in eschatology, in which will be the total equality. On that way to the eschatological fulfillment, the divine Logos is indispensable. He incarnates himself and comes to the world through a woman. He chooses what is weaker in order to reveal His power. This way it is a woman, and not a man, who first experiences His divinizing closeness and action.

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