scholarly journals Reducing the incidence of acute puerperal metritis in primiparous cows by application of pegbovigrastim in a Holstein dairy herd

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Freick ◽  
M. Zenker ◽  
O. Passarge ◽  
J. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Neutrophil Function ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Beneficial Effects

In dairy cows, immunosuppression occurs frequently during the periparturient period and is characterised by transient neutropenia and impaired polymorphonuclear neutrophil function. As a consequence, postpartum cows are more susceptible to production-related diseases such as mastitis, retained foetal membranes and metritis. Recently, it has been shown that a double injection with recombinant bovine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor covalently bound to polyethylene glycol (PEG rbG-CSF) increased polymorphonuclear neutrophil number and the exocytosis of myeloperoxidase by stimulating polymorphonuclear neutrophil, which also played a role in innate uterine immune defence. The aim of this randomised clinical study was to investigate the effects of two periparturient PEG rbG-CSF injections (IMR; Imrestor<sup>TM</sup>, Elanco Animal Health, Bad Homburg/Germany) on the incidence of acute puerperal metritis, number of antibiotic doses required for treatment of acute puerperal metritis as well as parameters of milking performance (i.e., milk yield, milk fat, milk protein, and somatic cell count on the first dairy herd improvement test day) in primiparous cows within a dairy herd with an elevated incidence of acute puerperal metritis. In total, 169 heavily pregnant heifers were randomly assigned to the treatment group (IMR: n = 82) who received 15 mg PEG rbG-CSF subcutaneously 10 ± 3 days before the anticipated calving date and within 24 hours after calving, or to the untreated control group (Co: n = 87). In total, data from 157 animals (IMR: n = 75, Co: n = 82) were analysed. Administration of PEG rbG-CSF reduced the incidence of acute puerperal metritis in primiparous cows significantly (IMR: 22.7%, Co: 43.9%, P = 0.003; relative reduction: 48.3%). Moreover, the number of antibiotic doses per calving required for treatment of acute puerperal metritis was significantly lower in the pegbovigastrim group (IMR: 0.32 ± 0.66, Co: 0.59 ± 0.75, P = 0.005). No significant differences regarding incidence of clinical mastitis, milk production or milk composition were observed. These results suggest that further research should be performed to identify herd- and animal-specific factors that can be predictors of the beneficial effects of pegbovigrastim in preventing uterine diseases.

Effect of royal jelly on milk composition and blood biochemical parameters in lactating ewes

2019 ◽  
Vol 157 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-181
Author(s):  
Mahmoud S. El-Tarabany ◽  
Akram A. El-Tarabany ◽  
Mostafa A. Atta ◽  
Omar A. Ahmed-Farid ◽  
Mohamed M. Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Biochemical

AbstractUse of antibiotics as feed additives has been reduced to avoid the hazard of drug residues, and consequently, the search for alternative natural additives has developed. Thus, the aim was to evaluate the influence of royal jelly (RJ) supplementation on milk composition, blood biochemical and antioxidant parameters of lactating ewes. Thirty-six Ossimi ewes were divided randomly into two groups (18 animals each). For a period of 4 weeks, the control group (CON) was fed a basal diet only, while the other group was fed the basal diet and supplemented with a single bolus of RJ (1000 mg/head). The RJ-supplemented ewes produced significantly higher milk protein, fat and total solids than the CON group. The RJ group had a significantly higher red blood cell count, haemoglobin content, haematocrit value and total leucocyte counts, but lower neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio when compared with the control treatment. The RJ group showed significantly higher concentrations of total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione in the serum compared with the control treatment. In conclusion, RJ supplements can improve the nutritive value of milk fat and the serum antioxidant activities in lactating ewes.

scholarly journals Effect of zeolite on the chemical composition of milk from Serbian spotted dairy cattle

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 993-1000
Author(s):  
R. Djokovic ◽  
Z. Ilic ◽  
M.P. Petrovic ◽  
S. Pesev ◽  
B. Ristanovic
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Specific Trait

Milk yield and milk chemical composition are largely affected by the quality of dairy cattle diet. The chemical composition of milk is dependent upon a large number of factors, including breed, diet, care, housing system, stage of lactation, etc. Milk composition is primarily a breed-specific trait. This study was conducted over a period of 15 months, involving Serbian Spotted dairy cattle. The experimental animals were assigned to three groups, each receiving different levels of supplemental zeolite. The control group comprised cows that received no zeolite supplement. Experimental Groups I and II were fed compound feeds supplemented with 4% and 2% zeolite, respectively. Milk samples were analysed for the contents of milk fat, proteins, fat-free solids and lactose, and density. The results obtained suggest that zeolite supplementation affects milk chemical composition, depending on the zeolite level present in livestock feed.

scholarly journals Effect of supplementation of micronutrients of the performance of dairy cows

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
MM Sharmin ◽  
MA Samad Khan ◽  
MN Islam ◽  
MA Islam
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Conventional Diet ◽  
Mineral Mixture ◽  
Group Control Group ◽  
Protein Milk ◽  
Daily Gain

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of micronutrients supplementation on body weight of cows, birth weight of calf, colostrums composition, milk yield and milk composition. Six animals were divided in to two groups viz. control and supplemented group. Control group was provided conventional diet and supplemented group was supplied conventional diet plus vitamin-mineral mixture (1g vitamix powder/1kg concentrate feed) respectively for two months before calving. In supplemented group the average daily gain of the cows was (49.17 g/d) higher (P<0.01) and the calves were 2 kg heavier in supplemented group compared to control group. Fat content and protein content of colostrum in supplemented group were also significantly higher (P<0.01 and 0.05). The milk yield, fat and protein values of milk were increased non-significantly by 1.03 kg/d/h, 2.8 g/kg and 0.3 g/kg respectively. Ca content of milk was more or less similar in both cases. Key words: Milk; Milk protein; Milk fat; Micronutrients; Supplementation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v39i1-2.9688 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2010, 39(1&2): 151-155

scholarly journals Effect of adding sunflower oil in the ration on some productive traits in Awassi ewes

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-112
Author(s):  
Jassim E. AL-Mosawi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

     This study was designed to investigate the effects of the addition of different ratios of sunflower oil to the diet of Awasi ewes on the rumen fermentation and milk composition. It was conducted by using 12 Awassi ewes (2-3.5 years old) with average body weight 56.62 kg. The ewes were randomly divided into three groups. Each group had four ewes according to the age, body weight and milk yield. The ewe in each group received 1.4 kg/ dry matter for three rations consisting of barley, wheat bran, soybean meal and alfalfa hay. The first group was fed on control ration, while 2.5 and 5 % of sunflower oil were included in the rations of the second and third groups, respectively. The results showed that the treatments had no significant effect on the average body weight, milk production and milk composition (lactose, protein and SNF percentage). Milk Fat percentage was significantly (P<0.05) decreased in second and third groups (4.30 ±0.31 and 4.23 ±0.40) %, respectively as compared with the control group (5.89 ±0.53 %). The pH value of rumen liquor in hours (0 and 3) after feeding showed no significant differences between groups, also there were no significant differences in the volatile fatty acid and ammonia concentration in the rumen liquor in all groups, despite that the volatile fatty acid decreased insignificantly in all treated groups as compared with the control group after feeding. The blood parameters were not affected by the experimental treatments. These results indicated that the fermentation patterns were affected by the increased oil supplementation to the diet of ewes.

Milk kefir: nutritional, microbiological and health benefits

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiana D. Rosa ◽  
Manoela M. S. Dias ◽  
Łukasz M. Grześkowiak ◽  
Sandra A. Reis ◽  
Lisiane L. Conceição ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Carcinogenic Activity ◽  
Beneficial Effects

AbstractKefir is fermented milk produced from grains that comprise a specific and complex mixture of bacteria and yeasts that live in a symbiotic association. The nutritional composition of kefir varies according to the milk composition, the microbiological composition of the grains used, the time/temperature of fermentation and storage conditions. Kefir originates from the Caucasus and Tibet. Recently, kefir has raised interest in the scientific community due to its numerous beneficial effects on health. Currently, several scientific studies have supported the health benefits of kefir, as reported historically as a probiotic drink with great potential in health promotion, as well as being a safe and inexpensive food, easily produced at home. Regular consumption of kefir has been associated with improved digestion and tolerance to lactose, antibacterial effect, hypocholesterolaemic effect, control of plasma glucose, anti-hypertensive effect, anti-inflammatory effect, antioxidant activity, anti-carcinogenic activity, anti-allergenic activity and healing effects. A large proportion of the studies that support these findings were conducted in vitro or in animal models. However, there is a need for systematic clinical trials to better understand the effects of regular use of kefir as part of a diet, and for their effect on preventing diseases. Thus, the present review focuses on the nutritional and microbiological composition of kefir and presents relevant findings associated with the beneficial effects of kefir on human and animal health.

scholarly journals Probiotic feed supplement “PROGAL” in feeding the milking cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (91) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
B. S. Denkovich ◽  
Y. I. Pivtorak ◽  
N. M. Gordiychuk
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The World

Full-fledged feeding of milking cows, based on scientifically based standards, is the key to realizing their genetic potential for productivity, preserving health, normalizing reproductive capacity, as well as the rational use of fodder resources and the proper payment of feed. Nowadays, the situation regarding the standardization of cattle feeding in the world and domestic, both in scientific and industrial practice, has changed radically, which requires a significant revision of the traditional provisions on the organization of full feeding of cows, especially high-productive ones. At the same time, the conceptual requirements for the organization of standardized nutrition and full feeding of dairy cattle should be based on the generalization of the world experience of the animal's need for energy, nutrients and biologically active substances, taking into account age and level of productivity, conditions of keeping with special emphasis on quality and products. In conditions of intensive milk production, in order to ensure high productivity and at the same time to maintain the health of animals, it is impossible to do it without the use of fodder of a natural substance, which should include additives with a probiotic effect. One of these is the “PROGAL” feed additive, which contains a probiotic component: Laktobacilus casei strain (CM 1759), a potentiating component is maltodextrin, a fructo-oligosaccharide, and is a probiotic additive for ruminants. High dairy productivity requires constant monitoring of metabolism, animal health, early diagnosis and timely treatment and prevention. The whole process of metabolism takes place in the digestive tract and is transmitted to the cells of the body through blood. This explains the relevance of the study of biochemical processes in rumination. The basis of the research is the task of optimizing the normalized feeding of real cows due to the use in the diet of probiotic supplement “PROGAL” on the background of a semi-concentrated juicy silage-hay type feeding. On the basis of scientific-economic (90 days) experiment, to determine its influence on the processes of digestion in the rumen, milk productivity and quality indicators of milk and to conclude on the optimal amount of it in the diet. The studies were conducted on Simmental cows in the conditions of the “Pchany-Denkovych” farm in the Zhydachiv district of Lviv region. It was found that feeding of the diet with feed supplements “PROGAL” aided to improve the intensity of metabolic processes in the body of cows, in particular in the rumen. Possible growth of amylo- and cellulosolytic and proteolytic bacteria was found, which ensured their enzyme activity and caused intensive hydrolysis of feed carbohydrates, resulting in an increase in LFA as precursors to milk fat. A positive result was obtained with respect to the level of dairy productivity of the cows of the experimental groups in comparison with the control group on the average daily milk yield, which is 1.0–2.3 kg, or 4.4–9.7% more. There was a steady upward trend in fat content in milk by 0.05% and protein by 0.02–0.04%, which indicates an improvement in its quality. Consequently, the studies conducted concerning the estimation of the productive action of bio supplement “PROGAL” on milking productivity of cows and quality indicators of milk, gives reason to confirm the feasibility of its use in the structure of the diet when feeding cows. The optimal dose of compound feed is 10 g/day, the maximum dose can be no more than 15 g/day. No adverse effects of “PROGAL” supplement on the overall functional status of cows were found.

scholarly journals Milk productivity of Saanen goats while feeding organic humic origin feed supplement

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
A. V. Horchanok ◽  
V. V. Мykytiuk ◽  
O. A. Kuzmenko ◽  
L. O. Lytvyshchenko ◽  
V. O. Chumak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Supplement ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Feed Supplements ◽  
Experimental Group

The results of the study of Saanen goats milk productivity while feeding humic origin organic feed supplement of «VitaHum» are presented in the paper. Studying milk productivity of different goat breeds, as well as using balanced rations of biologically active feed supplements for therapeutic and prophylactic properties and improving metabolic processes and body functions, are important issues for animal breeding industry, since goat husbandry in Ukraine is in a state of formation. «VitaHum» is completely different from existing biologically active peat supplements on the market because it is received not as a result of peat hydrolysis by alkalis or acids, but by a natural way of chelation. It does not contain humic acids sodium salts with alkali residues with which no reaction had taken place, but residues of amino acids, peptides, carboxylic acids and other useful substances in pure «natural» organic form. This feed supplement meets European standards of organic products. It was found that with the industrial technology of the animal management and feeding with mixed diets when using humic origin feed supplement «VitaHum» during the entire lactation period, milk yield was increased by 15.9% or 137.3 kg, milk protein content by 0.11 abs. percent. However, the goats from the control group had the advantage in milk fat content by 0.09 abs. percent (P > 0.999). The maximum average daily milk yield of 3.55 kg was observed in the second experimental group of goats, which received feed supplements «VitaHum» in addition to the main diet. However, as a result of a significant advantage in milk yield from goats of the experimental group, a noticeably higher amount of both milk protein and milk fat mass fraction was obtained by 5.94 kg and 4.63 kg, respectively. Analysis of the qualitative milk composition of the experimental goats showed that the percentage of milk solids non-fat (MSNF) was in the range of 8.45–8.58%, and the content of somatic cells in the milk of control group animals was higher by 7.05%. The qualitative milk composition was quite satisfactory for this breed of goats, as the milk fat mass fraction was 3.94–4.03% and protein one 3.52–3.63%. The ratio of fat and protein at the level of 1.15–1.09 units indicated a good physiological state of the digestive system of the Saanen breed goats.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF BYPASS FAT SUPPLEMENTATION ON MILK YIELD IN LACTATING COWS AND BUFFALOES

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (03) ◽  
pp. 743-746
Author(s):  
Adnan Mobeen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Equal Proportion ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Supplementation ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
Bypass Fat

The present study was planned to cope with feed scarcity issue using bypass fat as a non-conventional feed resource. Twentyfour early lactating indigenous dairy animals comprising of twelve Nili-Ravi buffaloes and twelve Sahiwal cows were selected to determine the effect of bypass fat supplementation on daily milk yield, milk composition and change in body weight. These animals were randomly distributed in to four groups (G0, G1, G2 andG3) having similar parity and milk yield. All the experimental animals were fed with basal ration (Trifolium alexendrinum + wheat straw) and concentrate in equal proportion (3kg day-1 animal-1 ) in addition to 0, 250, 350 and 450g bypass fat animal-1day-1 , respectively. Data collected for each treatment was analyzed under completely randomized design using MINITAB (2000) and the mean was compared using the Tukey’s test (P<0.05). The data revealed a significant effect (P<0.05) on milk production and 3.14 kg day-1 more milk was produced in group G2 compared to control group. Fat corrected milk yield was also enhanced (P<0.05) from 8.25 (G0) to 12.36 kg day-1 (G2). Milk composition in the sense of fat percentage was also improved [5.25 (G0) to 5.78 (G2)] significantly. While average protein content, SNF% and total solids% remained unaffected. Similarly, change in body weight was non-significant. Milk value (Rs./day) was significantly (P<0.05) increased from 512.25 to 747.75 in the group G0 to G2. Form present finding it could be concluded that dietary supplementation of bypass fat in indigenous dairy animals is a better option to increase the milk yield without compromising milk quality and animal health

scholarly journals How do herd’s genetic level and milk quality affect performance of dairy farms?  

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 379-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Luik-Lindsaar ◽  
A.H. Viira ◽  
H. Viinalass ◽  
T. Kaart ◽  
R. Värnik
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Farm Accountancy Data Network ◽  
Genetic Level ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

The effects of genetic level and output quality characteristics on technical efficiency (TE) of dairy farms were studied. The average total relative breeding value (RBV) at herd level was considered a parameter of the genetic level and production potential of the main input (dairy cows), while somatic cell count (SCC) and milk composition characterise the quality of the main output (milk) of dairy farms. The analysis was carried out in two stages: data envelopment analysis was used in the first stage and fractional regression model in the second stage, combining the data collected by the Estonian Farm Accountancy Data Network with the data from the Estonian Livestock Performance Recording Ltd. The results showed that the TE of fully efficient dairy farms is positively affected by the total RBV (P &lt; 0.05), number of dairy cows in the herd (P &lt; 0.05), and negatively affected by the SCC (P &lt; 0.001) and costs of purchased feed per kg of produced milk (P &lt; 0.01). Among the inefficient farms, the TE was positively affected by the lifetime daily milk yield (P &lt; 0.05), and average milk fat (P &lt; 0.1) and protein (P &lt; 0.05) contents. The results confirm our hypothesis that the genetic level of dairy herd and milk quality have a positive effect on the TE of dairy farms.

Fully Controlled Out-of-Parlour Feeders and Milk Composition

1984 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 113-113
Author(s):  
P. Rees ◽  
P. Rowlinson
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Acetate Production ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Frequent Feeding ◽  
The Difference

The recent increased use of out-of-parlour feeders for dairy cows has occurred for two main reasons: (1) convenience, including ease of rationing and saving labour; and (2) claims made for beneficial responses in milk yield and/or milk composition. The suggestions concerning improvements in milk composition arise from the effects of the increased frequency of concentrate feeding on certain rumen parameters. There is a reduced fluctuation in those parameters, with a maintenance of ruminai acetate production, which gives beneficial effects on milk fat production. Evidence from the literature indicates that an increased frequency of concentrate feeding does not increase the proportion of milk fat (on a weight basis) but merely rectifies a decrease in milk fat caused by a high concentrate to forage ratio. In trials conducted over 2 years, two groups of cows were offered equal amounts of concentrates from either a controlled out-of-parlour concentrate feeder to provide frequent feeding (O), or twice daily in the parlour (P). Group O out-yielded group P (25.1 v. 23.9, s.e. of difference 0.32** and 27.1 v. 25.4, s.e. of difference 0.56** kg milk/day) in years 1 and 2, respectively. The milk fat content (g/kg) for group O was consistently lower than for group P (36.5 v. 38.1, s.e. of difference 0.91, P = 0.10; 39.8 v. 42.6, s.e. of difference 1.47, P = 0.15) but the difference was not significant. The solids-not-fat content (g/kg) was significantly higher for group O in year 1 (89.9 v. 89.1, s.e. of difference 0.18***) but similar for the two groups in year 2 (90.9 v. 90.9, s.e. of difference 0.60, NS). Overall, the yields of milk fat on the two treatments were similar but the yields of all other milk constituents were increased significantly with out-of-parlour feeding.

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