scholarly journals Effect of different levels of humic acids on the nutrient content, plant growth, and soil properties under conditions of salinity

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Khaled ◽  
H.A. Fawy
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Nutrient Elements ◽  
A Minor

In this study, the effects were investigated of salinity, foliar and soil applications of humic substances on the growth and mineral nutrients uptake of Corn (Hagein, Fardy10), and the comparison was carried out of the soil and foliar applications of humic acid treatments at different NaCl levels. Soil organic contents are one of the most important parts that they directly affect the soil fertility and textures with their complex and heterogenous structures although they occupy a minor percentage of the soil weight. Humic acids are an important soil component that can improve nutrient availability and impact on other important chemical, biological, and physical properties of soils. The effects of foliar and soil applications of humic substances on the plant growth and some nutrient elements uptake of Corn (Hagein, Fardy10) grown at various salt concentrations were examined. Sodium chloride was added to the soil to obtain 20 and 60mM saline conditions. Solid humus was applied to the soil one month before planting and liquid humic acids were sprayed on the leaves twice on 20<sup>th</sup> and 40<sup>th</sup> day after seedling emergence. The application doses of solid humus were 0, 2 and 4 g/kg and those of liquid humic acids were 0, 0.1 and 0.2%. Salinity negatively affected the growth of corn; it also decreased the dry weight and the uptake of nutrient elements except for Na and Mn. Soil application of humus increased the N uptake of corn while foliar application of humic acids increased the uptake of P, K, Mg,Na,Cu and Zn. Although the effect of interaction between salt and soil humus application was found statistically significant, the interaction effect between salt and foliar humic acids treatment was not found significant. Under salt stress, the first doses of both soil and foliar application of humic substances increased the uptake of nutrients.

Chlorobenzoyl Chloride and Methyl Chlorobenzoate as Synthetic Plant Growth Regulators

Weed Science ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 428-432
Author(s):  
T. J. Allen ◽  
C. L. Leinweber ◽  
D. K. Prince ◽  
D. F. Bouchard
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Gaseous Phase ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soybean Seedlings

CBC (2,5-dichlorobenzoyl chloride) and MCB (methyl-2,5-dichlorobenzoate) function as plant growth regulators in a gaseous phase or in an aqueous solution. Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. ‘Martin’] and soybean [Glycine bicolor (L.) Merr. ‘Lee’] seeds were temporarily inhibited or delayed from germinating, but overcame the inhibition in time so there was no significant reduction in total germination. Seedlings produced from sorghum and soybean seed germinated and grown in aqueous solution of 35 μg/ml CBC or MCB were shorter and weighed less than control seedlings. Soybean seed treated with the vapors of CBC and MCB produced seedlings significantly reduced in dry weight as compared with that of controls. Foliar application of 500 or 1000 μg/ml of CBC significantly reduced the growth of soybean but not sorghum seedlings. Soybean seedlings treated with the vapors or an aqueous solution produced leaflets more narrow and thicker than control seedlings. A lethal response attributable to CBC or MCB was not recorded.

scholarly journals Pre-Harvest Foliar Application of Mineral Nutrients to Retard Chlorophyll Degradation and Preserve Bio-Active Compounds in Broccoli

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 711
Author(s):  
Mohamed M. El-Mogy ◽  
Mohamed Abdel M. Wahab ◽  
Mohamed B. I. El-Sawy ◽  
Aditya Parmar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Total Phenolic

Foliar application of micronutrients has become a common farm management practice to increase the overall yield of various crops. However, the effects of foliar fertilization on shelf life and postharvest quality of the crops are rather under-researched. The aim of this field experiment was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of individual mineral nutrients (calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) on pre and postharvest quality of broccoli. The broccoli plants were subjected to single foliar sprays of either Ca, Fe, Zn, or Mn, which was repeated four times during plant growth at a 1 g/kg concentration. Once harvested, the broccoli heads were refrigerated at 4 °C for 28 days. Our results indicated that foliar application of Ca, Zn, Mn, and Fe did not have a significant effect on plant growth parameters, apart from enhancing Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) chlorophyll meter values. However, during postharvest, foliar application treatment showed a positive response on weight loss during storage and reduction in yellowing of the broccoli heads. Foliar treatments increased the concentration of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Ca, Zn, Mn and Fe significantly in the broccoli head tissue. Total chlorophyll content, total phenolic compound, ascorbic acid, peroxidase activity, glucoraphanin and glucobrassicin and flavonoids were significantly increased by all foliar treatments. Crude protein content and sulforaphane were enhanced by Ca and Mn treatments. Overall, foliar application of the investigated mineral nutrients may prove beneficial in improving the shelf-life and nutrient content of broccoli during postharvest handling and storage.

Effect of gibberellic acids and napthalene acetic acids on growth and yield of Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] var. Arka Anamika

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemlata Verma ◽  
Parwat Singh Badole ◽  
D. D. Nawange
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Acetic Acids

A study of effect of foliar application of gibberellic acids (GA) and napthalene acetic acids (NAA) each at 0, 10, 20 and 30 ppm concentrations revealed that plant growth, phonological parameter, yield-attributing parameters and yield of okra increased significantly with the increase in concentration. The application of GA at 30 ppm gave maximum fruit length, fruit thickness, green fruits yield and dry weight of fruits. Similarly, 30 ppm NAA gave maximum fruit length, fruit thickness, green fruits yield and dry weight of fruits. The treatment interactions were found significant only at 45 DAS stage in plant height, at 15 DAS stage in case of leaves/plant and only at 45 and 60 DAS stage in case of branches / plant. The highest net returns was obtained with application of 30 ppm each of GA and NAA .

scholarly journals Date of Potting and Fertilization Affects Plant Growth, Mineral Nutrient Content, and Substrate Electrical Conductivity

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
R. Lee Ivy ◽  
Ted E. Bilderback ◽  
Stuart L Warren
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
P Content ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
One Year

Abstract The landscape industry uses containerized plant material throughout the year. Thus, traditional spring potting at many nurseries has changed to potting throughout the year. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of potting date and rate of fertilization on plant growth and mineral nutrient content, substrate electrical conductivity (EC) and pH, and winter injury. To complete this objective, rooted stem cuttings of Ilex crenata Thunb. ‘Compacta’ and Viburnum awabuki K. Koch. ‘Chindo’ were potted in Raleigh, NC, July 17, 1998; September 7, 1998; October 29, 1998; March 25, 1999; and May 13, 1999. Two controlled-release fertilizers [Wilbro/Polyon 15N–1.8P–7.5K (15N–4P2O5–9K2O) and Scotts 23N–1.8P–6.6K (23N–4P2O5–8K2O)] were applied at four rates: a split application with 0.5X incorporated at potting and surface application of the remaining 0.5X six months after potting date [X = manufacturers' recommended rate per 3.8 liter (4 qt) container], and 1X, 1.5X, and 2X incorporated at potting. Plant growth and mineral nutrient content were determined one year after initial potting date. Substrate EC and pH were measured monthly. ‘Compacta’ holly and ‘Chindo’ viburnum potted in September or October were larger than plants potted in March regardless of fertilizer and rates of fertilization. In general, holly and viburnum were smaller when fertilized with 0.5/0.5X compared to 1X regardless of fertilizer and date of potting. Within each rate of fertilization, viburnum potted in September had significantly greater N and P content compared to viburnum potted in March or May. Nitrogen and P content were highly correlated to plant dry weight (r &gt; 0.79, P = 0.0001). Mineral nutrient content of holly responded similarly. No plants were injured by winter temperatures regardless of potting date or rate of fertilization throughout the study period. Plants potted in July, September, or October had the highest substrate EC values in March, whereas plants potted in March or May had highest EC values in August regardless of species, fertilizer or rate of fertilization. Substrate pH was unaffected by date of potting, but pH decreased with increasing rates of fertilization.

scholarly journals Do Phytotoxic Compounds in Soils after Scale-infested Cycas micronesica Litter Deposits Explain Reduced Plant Growth?

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 1571-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Marler ◽  
Nirmala Dongol
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Legacy Effects ◽  
Armored Scale

We used activated charcoal methods to test for the presence of phytotoxic substances in soils that had received inputs of decomposing Cycas micronesica K.D. Hill leaves and stems that were heavily infested with the armored scale Aulacaspis yasumatsui Takagi. Velocity of Momordica charantia Descourt. and Carica papaya L. seedling emergence was increased by the addition of charcoal to these soils. Furthermore, M. charantia and C. papaya seedling height and dry weight were among the response variables that were increased by the addition of charcoal. Legacy effects of scale-infested C. micronesica plant litter deposited in these soils resulted in phytotoxic compounds that inhibited seedling emergence and plant growth. Scale-infested Cycas leaves should not be used as mulch or in compost until phytotoxic causal mechanisms are more fully understood.

scholarly journals 380 Differential Responses of Container-grown Ornamental Foliage Plants to Silicon Application

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 458B-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Chen ◽  
Russell D. Caldwell ◽  
Cynthia A. Robinson ◽  
Bob Steinkamp
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Nutrient Elements ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Soilless Media ◽  
Ornamental Foliage Plants ◽  
Abundant Element

Silicon (Si) is the second most-abundant element in soils, and its concentration in soil solution ranges from 0.1 to 0.6 mm, which is the same concentration range as some of the major nutrient elements such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and sulfur. Increasing evidence has recently suggested that Si plays important roles in improving plant growth. However, little information is available on Si effects on container-grown ornamental plants, particularly since most are grown in soilless media where Si sources are greatly limited. The objectives of this research were to evaluate Si absorption and translocation in diverse container-grown ornamental plants and to determine whether Si absorption could improve plant growth. Liners from 39 plant species were potted in peat and pine bark-based soilless media and grown in a shaded greenhouse. Plants were fertigated with a Peter's 24–8–16 water-soluble fertilizer containing 0, 50, and 100 mg·L–1 of Si. Once marketable sizes were reached, plants were harvested and fresh and dry weights determined; Si and other nutrient elements in roots and shoots were measured. Results indicated that 32 of the 39 evaluated species were able to absorb Si, with large quantities further transported to shoots. Of the 32 Si-responsive species, 17 showed significant dry weight increases, whereas the other 15 only exhibited Si absorption and translocation with no apparent growth responses. The seven non-responsive plant species showed no significant increases in neither Si absorption and translocation, nor dry weight.

scholarly journals Acclimation with humic acids enhances maize and tomato tolerance to salinity

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Costa Souza ◽  
Daniel Basílio Zandonadi ◽  
Mirella Pupo Santos ◽  
Natália Oliveira Aguiar Canellas ◽  
Cleiton de Paula Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Proton Pumps ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Ion Balance ◽  
Tomato Seedlings

Abstract Background Salinity is one of the major environmental threats to agriculture, limiting plant growth and reducing crop yield. The use of humic substances to alleviate salt stress in plants is well reported, but the mechanisms remain unclear. This work aimed to apply humic acids on seedlings to acclimate plants to tolerate further salt stress exposition as a pre-treatment. Materials and methods Two independent experiments with mono (maize) and dicot (tomato) seedlings were carried out. Maize was primed by humic acids (4 mM C) and further submitted to moderate salinity exposition (60 mM NaCl). The acclimation period of maize seedlings was characterized by ion balance and transcriptomic analysis of salt response genes. The tomato seedlings were also primed by humic acids (4 mM C) and exposed further to salinity (200 mM NaCl), and we measured only physiological aspect, including the activity of plasma membrane proton pumps and net photosynthesis rate. Results Seedlings primed by humic acids minimized the salinity stress by changing ion balance, promoting plasma membrane proton pumps activity and enhancing photosynthesis rate and plant growth. We showed for the first time that maize seedlings treated with humic acids had a high transcription level of salt responsive genes and transcription factors even before the salt exposition. Conclusion Humic acids previously activate cellular and molecular salt defence machinery, anticipating the response and reducing salinity stress. This is a key knowledge to manipulate manufactured biostimulants based on humic substances towards a maximized crop protection. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Enhancement of root architecture and nitrate transporter gene expression improves plant growth and nitrogen uptake under long-term low-nitrogen stress in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedlings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runhong Gao ◽  
Guimei Guo ◽  
Hongwei Xu ◽  
Zhiwei Chen ◽  
Yingbo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nitrate Transporter ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Influx Rate ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
N Assimilation

AbstractOver application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers to crops ultimately causes N pollution in the ecosphere. Studying the response of plant growth and N uptake to low-N stress may aid in elucidating the mechanism of low N tolerance in plants and developing crop cultivars with high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). In this study, a high-NUE mutant line A9-29 and the wild-type barley cultivar Hua30 were subjected to hydroponic culture with high and low N supply, and the dry weight, N accumulation, root morphology, and expression levels of the potential genes involved in nitrate uptake and assimilation were measured at seedling stage. The results showed that under low-N conditions, A9-29 had a higher dry weight, N content, N influx rate and larger root uptake area than did Hua30. Under long-term low-N stress, compared with Hua30, A9-29 demonstrated higher expression of the HvNRT2/3 genes, especially HvNRT2.1, HvNRT2.5, and HvNRT3.3. Similarly, the expression levels of N assimilation genes including HvNIA1, HvNIR1, HvGS1_1, HvGS1_3, and HvGLU2 increased significantly in A9-29. Taken together, our results suggested that the larger root area and the upregulation of nitrate transporter and assimilation genes may contribute to stronger N uptake capacity for plant growth and N accumulation in responding to long-term low-N stress. These findings may aid in understanding the mechanism of low N tolerance and developing barley cultivars with high-NUE.

scholarly journals PENGARUH BIOCHAR SEKAM PADI DAN KOMPOS TERHADAP C-ORGANIK, N-TOTAL, C/N TANAH, SERAPAN N, DAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN JAGUNG DI ULTISOL

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-460
Author(s):  
Geraldine Abel ◽  
Retno Suntari ◽  
Ania Citraresmini
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Rice Husk Biochar

The maize crop is an important commodity other than rice in Indonesia. Maize production reached 30 million tons in 2018. Efforts that can be made to increase maize production on Ultisols in Indonesia is by the application of biochar rice husk and compost. Biochar that has a high affinity for nutrients does not experience decay in the soil for decades, while compost can improve soil chemical properties by increasing nutrient content. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the application of a combination of rice husk biochar and compost on soil chemical properties, N uptake, and growth of maize on an Ultisol. This study was conducted with six treatments. The results showed that the application of a combination of rice husk biochar and compost had an effect on increasing the C-organic and N-total in soil, but it did not affect the C/N of the incubated soil. Application of a combination of 8 t rice husk biochar ha-1 and 30 compost ha-1 significantly improved plant height, dry weight, and N uptake of maize plants.

scholarly journals Exogenous Application of Chitosan Alleviate Salinity Stress in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Geng Zhang ◽  
Yuanhua Wang ◽  
Kai Wu ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Yingna Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Major Factors

Soil salinity is one of the major factors that affect plant growth and decrease agricultural productivity worldwide. Chitosan (CTS) has been shown to promote plant growth and increase the abiotic stress tolerance of plants. However, it still remains unknown whether the application of exogenous CTS can mitigate the deleterious effects of salt stress on lettuce plants. Therefore, the current study investigated the effect of foliar application of exogenous CTS to lettuce plants grown under 100 mM NaCl saline conditions. The results showed that exogenous CTS increased the lettuce total leaf area, shoot fresh weight, and shoot and root dry weight, increased leaf chlorophyll a, proline, and soluble sugar contents, enhanced peroxidase and catalase activities, and alleviated membrane lipid peroxidation, in comparison with untreated plants, in response to salt stress. Furthermore, the application of exogenous CTS increased the accumulation of K+ in lettuce but showed no significant effect on the K+/Na+ ratio, as compared with that of plants treated with NaCl alone. These results suggested that exogenous CTS might mitigate the adverse effects of salt stress on plant growth and biomass by modulating the intracellular ion concentration, controlling osmotic adjustment, and increasing antioxidant enzymatic activity in lettuce leaves.

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