scholarly journals Comparative Lipid Composition Study in Farmed and Wild Blackspot Seabream (Pagellus bogaraveo)

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (Special Issue 1) ◽  
pp. S274-S276 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Álvarez ◽  
M. Trigo ◽  
S. Lois ◽  
D. Fernández ◽  
I. Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Composition Study ◽  
Pagellus Bogaraveo

During the latest decades, the fish trade has accorded an increasing attention to aquaculture development as a source of marine food products. In this sense, blackspot seabream (<I>Pagellus bogaraveo</I>) has recently attracted a great commercial interest as a farmed product. This work provides a comparative lipid composition study between wild and farmed individuals. For it, three different edible zones (ventral, dorsal and tail white muscles) were considered. From a nutritional point of view, lipid composition of farmed and wild blackspot seabream showed valuable lipid parameters (total polyunsaturated fatty acids, total ω3/total ω6 fatty acid ratio and &alpha;-tocopherol values). Comparison between farmed and wild fishes led to a wide number of differences. Thus, farmed fish muscle showed a higher (<I>P</I> < 0.05) total lipid content than its counterpart wild one. In addition, farmed fish showed higher triglyceride contents but lower (<I>P</I> < 0.05) values in the remaining lipid classes and groups studied (phospholipids, sterols and α-tocopherol). Concerning the fatty acid analysis, farmed fish showed a higher (<I>P</I> < 0.05) monounsaturated fatty acids (ventral and tail zones) content but lower for polyunsaturated fatty acids (ventral and tail zones) and total ω3/ total ω6 ratio. No differences (<I>P</I> > 0.05) were detected between both kinds of fish for the saturated fatty acids proportion. For all parameters studied, both farmed and wild fishes provided very little differences (<I>P</I> < 0.05) among the different muscle zones considered, so that an inhomogeneous distribution in the actual species could not be concluded.

Growth and carcass characteristics of three lamb genotypes finished on the same level of feeding

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. O. W. McClintont ◽  
A. F. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Ash Content

AbstractThis study investigated the efficiency of growth and the carcass characteristics of 24 Greyface (Border Leicester × Scottish Blackface), 24 Texel (12 purebred and 12 Texel × Texel-Greyface) and 24 Rouge (12 purebred and 12 Rouge × Rouge-Greyface) lambs finished on the same level of feeding. The efficiency of live-weight gain (kg/MJ) was higher in Greyface compared with Texel lambs (P< 0·01). The efficiency of empty body-weight gain (kg/MJ) was higher in Greyface (P< 0·01) and Rouge (P< 0·05) compared with Texel lambs. The efficiency of carcass gains (kg/MJ) tended to be higher in Greyface and Rouge compared with Texel lambs (P= 0·07). The efficiency of non-carcass component gains (kg/MJ) was also higher in Greyface compared with Texel lambs (P0·05). Carcass water, protein, lipid and ash gains did not vary significantly between the genotypes, however carcass energy gain tended to be higher in Greyface and Rouge compared with Texel lambs (P= 0·08). The relative proportions of water, protein, lipid and ash in carcass gains did not vary significantly between the genotypes. At the end of the experiment carcass water content was higher in Texel compared with Greyface lambs (P< 0·05) and carcass ash content was lower in Texel compared with Greyface (P< 0·01) and Rouge (P< 0·05) lambs. The concentration of saturated fatty acids was higher in Greyface compared with Rouge lambs (P< 0·001) and higher in Rouge compared with Texel lambs (P< 0·05). Monounsaturated fatty acid concentrations were higher in Rouge compared with Greyface lambs (P< 0·05) and higher in Texel compared with Rouge lambs (P< 0·001). Polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations were higher in Rouge and Texel compared with Greyface lambs (P< 0·01). The ratio of n-6:n-3 fatty acids was lower in Rouge compared with Greyface lambs (P< 0·05).The efficiency of empty body gain was higher in male compared with female lambs (P< 0·05). Carcass water (P< 0·01) and protein (P< 0·05) gains were higher in male lambs. At the end of the experiment male carcasses contained a higher content of water (P< 0·05), protein (P< 0·01) and ash (P= 0·07), and a lower lipid (P< 0·05) and energy (P< 0·001) content. Carcass lipids from male lambs contained a higher concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (P< 0·001) and tended to contain a lower concentration of saturated fatty acids (P = 0·06).

scholarly journals Effect of storage on fatty acid profile of butter from cows fed whole or ground flaxseed with or without monensin

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 2297-2303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Cristina da Silva-Kazama ◽  
Geraldo Tadeu dos Santos ◽  
Paula Toshimi Matumoto Pintro ◽  
Jesuí Vergílio Visentainer ◽  
Ricardo Kazama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Relative Percentage ◽  
Medium Chain ◽  
Medium Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Ground Flaxseed ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Eight Holstein cows with body weight 570 ± 43 kg and 60 ± 20 lactation days were distributed in a double Latin square design with four 21-day periods to determine the effects of feeding ground or whole flaxseed with or without monensin supplementation (0.02% on a dry matter basis) on fatty acid profile of butter stored for 15 and 45 days. Ground flaxseed supply, in comparison to whole flaxseed, reduced relative percentages of 16:0, cis7-16:1, 17:0, and cis10-17:1 but it increased those of cis9,trans11-18:2, cis3-18:3, and omega 3 fatty acids in butter fat, reducing relative percentage of medium-chain fatty acids and increasing the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Supplementation with monensin increased relative percentages of cis9,trans11-18:2 and tended to increase relative percentage of 17:0 and decrease that of saturated fatty acids in butter. Butter from cows fed diet with monensin presented lower relative percentages of cis 6-20:4. Relative percentages of cis 9-16:1, cis10-17:1, 18:0, trans11-18:1, cis9-18:1, cis3-18:3, cis6-20:4 in butter stored for 15 days were higher than those stored for 45 days and the relative percentages of cis3-20:5 tended to decrease with the increase of storage period. As a result, relative percentages of saturated fatty acids and medium-chain fatty acids increased with storage time, while those of monounsaturated and long-chain fatty acids decreased. Butter enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids may have a shorter shelf life due to the negative effect of storage on fatty acid profile which may cause oxidation and rancidity.

scholarly journals Stimulation of follicle growth and development during estrus in Ettawa Grade does fed a flushing supplement of different polyunsaturated fatty acids

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Prasetyo Nugroho ◽  
Komang Gede Wiryawan ◽  
Dewi Apri Astuti ◽  
Wasmen Manalu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Preovulatory Follicles

Background and Aim: Flushing with the manipulation of fatty acids, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids, like linoleic and α-linolenic acids in the ration, is a strategy to raise the nutritional status of the female mammals to improve ovarian function and follicle development. This study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of flushing supplementation with different types of polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids in stimulating follicle growth and development during estrus in Ettawa Grade does with a low initial body condition score (BCS ≤2). Materials and Methods: Eighteen Ettawa Grade does in the second parity, with an average body weight of 32.11±2.19 kg, were divided into three groups according to the fatty acid supplemented to their ration: (i) About 2.8% lauric acid flushing (group); (ii) 2.8% linoleic acid flushing (LA group); and (iii) 2.8% a-linolenic acid flushing (ALA group). The ration was formulated to be isocaloric (total digestible nutrient = 77%) and isonitrogenous (crude protein = 15%). The experiment was conducted for 35 days; that is, 14 days for acclimatization and synchronization of the estrous cycle and 21 days for fatty acid flushing until the appearance of the next estrus. A completely randomized design was applied. Results: According to the results, none of the different fatty acids in the ration affected the nutrient intakes, BCSs, average daily gains, and plasma glucose, cholesterol, and progesterone concentrations of the three groups of does. However, the BCSs (by 0.8-0.9) and the plasma cholesterol concentrations were higher after fatty acid flushing for 21 days than before the flushing period. The ALA group had the highest number of large-sized preovulatory follicles, whereas the LAURIC group had the highest plasma estradiol concentration during estrus. All three groups had similar plasma progesterone concentrations during estrus after fatty acid flushing. Conclusion: Flushing supplementation with 2.8% ALA from flaxseed oil gave the best results in terms of stimulating the highest number of large-sized preovulatory follicles in Ettawa Grade does.

scholarly journals Lipid composition of the isolated rat intestinal microvillus membrane

1968 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Forstner ◽  
K. Tanaka ◽  
K. J. Isselbacher
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Neutral Lipid ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Microvillus Membrane

1. Rat intestinal microvillus plasma membranes were prepared from previously isolated brush borders and the lipid composition was analysed. 2. The molar ratio of cholesterol to phospholipid was greatest in the membranes and closely resembled that reported for myelin. 3. Unesterified cholesterol was the major neutral lipid. However, 30% of the neutral lipid fraction was accounted for by glycerides and fatty acid. 4. Five phospholipid components were identified and measured, including phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin and lysophosphatidylcholine. Though phosphatidylethanolamine was the chief phospholipid, no plasmalogen was detected. 5. In contrast with other plasma membranes in the rat, the polar lipids of the microvillus membrane were rich in glycolipid. The cholesterol:polar lipid (phospholipid+glycolipid) ratio was about 1:3 for the microvillus membrane. Published data suggest that this ratio resembles that of the liver plasma membrane more closely than myelin or the erythrocyte membrane. 6. The fatty acid composition of membrane lipids was altered markedly by a single feeding of safflower oil. Membrane polar lipids did not contain significantly more saturated fatty acids than cellular polar lipids. Differences in the proportion of some fatty acids in membrane and cellular glycerides were noted. These differences may reflect the presence of specific membrane glycerides.

Lipid composition of developing Xenopus laevis embryos

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 578-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Mes-Hartree ◽  
John B. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
De Novo Synthesis ◽  
Xenopus Laevis Embryos

The total lipid content, amount of phospholipid, proportions of major polar and neutral lipid classes, and the overall fatty acid composition were examined in Xenopus laevis embryos. No obvious differences were observed in any of the parameters between fertilization and hatching, or between eggs produced by different females. The average lipid content per egg was 113 μg, 31.6 μg of which was phospholipid. The major phospholipids were phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin. The major fatty acids were palmitic and oleic acids, but polyunsaturated fatty acids were also present in substantial amounts. The results suggest that significant de novo synthesis of lipids does not occur until after hatching.

scholarly journals A Study on Nutritional Profile of Liver from Captured and Cultured Rohu, Labeo rohita (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 398-408
Author(s):  
Onkar Singh Brraich ◽  
Navpreet Kaur ◽  
Swarndeep Singh Hundal
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Cultured Fish

Fish production and fish processing waste have straight connection.  In India, the waste produced during the processing of fish is predicted to be approximate 3.6 million metric tonnes, 48 per cent of the total body weight of Indian and exotic major carps is thrown away as waste (non-edible ). The present research, it was conducted to compare the total lipid content (TLC) and fatty acid composition from the liver of captured and cultured fish, Labeo rohita  (Hamilton) having weight more than 500 gram during different months as well as to evaluate its nutritional quality. Maximum total lipid content (33.33±0.14%) was found in the liver of cultured fish in May month, while the minimum (15.26±0.24%) was in the liver of captured fish in the month of January. During the study, total lipid content was found to be considerably elevated in cultured than captured Fish, Labeo rohita  (Hamilton). The amount of three major groups of fatty acids namely polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids was found to be maximum in captured fish during the month of March 97.19±0.96%, 61.30±0.56% and 95.39±0.31% month of April respectively. Total n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids were observed to be highest (21.95±8.05%) in the waste of liver in cultured fish during the month of March. Hence, it is concluded that the processing waste (liver) of the captured and cultured, Labeo rohita (Hamilton) is a prosperous resource of the essential fatty acids i.e.  PUFAs and total lipids. Further, it is observed that captured species are rich in fatty acid composition as compared to cultured species. Food industries can manufacture by-products from these high nutritional value contents of   waste for human utilization. EPA and DHA also reduce the risk of various life threatening diseases.

scholarly journals Influence of savory essential oil on the fatty acids composition in the brain and liver with age increasing of akr line mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 604-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Misharina ◽  
E.B. Burlakova ◽  
L.D. Fatkullina ◽  
M.B. Terenina ◽  
N.I. Krikunova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Age Related

Age-related alterations of fatty acid composition in liver and brain of AKR mice was investigated. The effect of savory essential oil (Satureja hortensis L.), added with drinking water on fatty acid composition in these organs and the processes of lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes were estimated. It was found that during aging the percentage of saturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased while monounsaturated fatty acids increased. The development of leukemia was accompanied by the increase of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids percentage and a decrease of monounsaturated fatty acids amount. In the liver aging caused the increase in the percentage of saturated fatty acids, the decrease of monounsaturated fatty acids, while the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids was not changed. Leukemia (after 8 month) was accompanied by the increase of percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids and the decrease in the amount of oleinic and docosohexaenic acids. The intake of savory essential oil was accompanied by intensification of polyunsaturated fatty acids synthesis in mice liver and reduction of lipid peroxidation products content.

scholarly journals Polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in human hindmilk are stable throughout 12-months of lactation and provide a sustained intake to the infant during exclusive breastfeeding: an Italian study

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franca Marangoni ◽  
Carlo Agostoni ◽  
Anna M. Lammard ◽  
Marcello Giovannini ◽  
Claudio Galli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Extended Lactation ◽  
Long Chain

While a wealth of data on the fatty acid composition of mature human milk has been published, limited information is available on the quantities of individual fatty acids supplied to the suckling infant with maternal milk, through the whole first year of life. Our aim was to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the fatty acid composition of human milk from Italian mothers, throughout extended lactation with particular emphasis on the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. We have thus measured the total fat content and the concentrations of major fatty acids by quantitative GLC in pooled breast hindmilk collected from all feedings over 24 h at colostrum, 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months in ten mothers recruited after delivery of full-term infants. Total saturated fatty acids progressively increase and total monounsaturated progressively decrease as percentage levels, while among long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, percentages of arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid decrease from colostrum up to the third month. Hindmilk total lipids (mg/dl) rise more than twofold up to 3 months, and then remain stable. The amounts (mg/dl) of linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid progressively increase, following the trend of total fat, while arachidonic and docosahexaenoic concentrations (mg/dl) remain stable throughout the whole nursing period. Assessment of the intakes per kg body weight shows different trends for the individual major long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids supplied to the infant from hindmilk during exclusive breast-feeding (3 months). This information may be useful for the evaluation of infant intakes during extended lactation.

Fatty acid composition and quality of muscle from steers fed ruminally protected lipid

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 178-178
Author(s):  
M. Enser ◽  
N. Scollan ◽  
S. Gulati ◽  
G. Nute ◽  
K. Hallett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Lipid Supplement

Recommendations to improve the UK diet suggest an increase in the ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids (P:S ratio) and a higher consumption of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Ruminant meats have a poor P:S ratio, approximately 0.1 compared to the recommendation of 0.4-1.0 for the whole diet. However, the ratio of C18:2 n-6/C18:3 n-3 (the n-6:n-3) is well within the recommended value of <4.0 at approximately 2 and ruminant muscle also supplies longer-chain n-3 PUFA. By feeding lipid in a formaldehyde cross-linked protein matrix, rumen biohydrogenation can be avoided and the tissue PUFA level increased but with potential effects on oxidative shelf-life, colour and flavour of the meat. This trial investigated the fatty acid composition and quality of meat produced by feeding a protected lipid supplement (PLS).

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