scholarly journals THE CITY AS AN URBANISTIC ENVIRONMENT IN THE LANDSCAPES OF N.D. GRITSIUK

2020 ◽  
pp. 208-217
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav N. Chimitov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Soviet Society ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Industrial Environment ◽  
Modern City ◽  
Total Displacement ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City

The article explores the urban landscape developed by a Novosibirsk artist N.D. Gritsiuk (1922–1976). The methodological tool we use is the typology of the urban landscape of the 1960s–1970s developed by researchers G.K. Cerlinca and L.I. Nekhvyadovich: the city as a historical and cultural unit; the city as a monument of architecture; the city as a sphere of human life; the city as an urbanistically industrial environment. The main part of the article analyses three thematic areas of Gritsiuk's urban landscape which include different interpretations. 1. Through analyzing the imagery, style, and semantics of the watercolors Homes Are Being Built (1960) and Novosibirsk. Kamensky Houses (1960) from the series Novosibirsk, it is established that Gritsiuk treats the city as a space in which there occur intense urbanization and industrial processes aimed both at improving the lives of townspeople and at the total displacement of the established provincial way of life (the city as an urbanistically industrial environment). 2. In the work A Moscow Tune (1966) there is a distinct harmonious interaction between gloomy, monolithic buildings and festive Kremlin based on the contrasts generated using color, texture, and collage. Thus in the landscape of a modern city, the ancient architecture and the standard modern buildings are not contrasted by the artist, but rather harmoniously interact (the city as a historical and cultural unit). 3. Gritsiuk creates a decorative, expressive urban landscape in Blue City (1962) which captures the active lives of townspeople (the city as a sphere of human life). Formal techniques acquire self-contained, meaningful value; exacerbate the decorative conventionality of the composition; and give it a distinctive, emotional, psychological quality. Dark, cold colors of the composition, cramped movement of cars and crowds, a jumble of buildings – all this underscores the dynamics of the rapid processes in the modern city. The man in this cold alienated urban environment is presented as a lonely ghostly being forced to dissolve into a meaningless chaotic movement of the big city. The article expresses the view that in Gritsiuk’s development of the image of the modern city, there are two nominal stages: 1) the romantic interpretation of the city (the late 1950s – early 1960s), conditioned on the trends in the postwar official Soviet painting; 2) the dramatic tones in the image of the city (the 1960s), revealing the downside of the industrial and urbanization processes focused on the unwitting destruction of nature and the displacement of well-established traditional way of life in the provinces. Changes in Gritsiuk’s imagery are due not only to the evolution of his artistic style, but also to external factors: political and social change in the Soviet society, new artistic trends, a general tendency towards isolation and self-absorbtion, and non-conformism.

scholarly journals MODERN ARCHITECTURE AND VISUAL IMAGE OF THE CITY

2019 ◽  
pp. 102-104
Author(s):  
A. M. Tormakhova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Modern City ◽  
Asymmetric Structures ◽  
The Status ◽  
Architectural Structures ◽  
The City

The aim of the article is to highlight the actual trends associated with architectural construction and identify ways of forming a visual image of a modern city. The solution to this goal involves not only the analysis of certain unique architectural structures, but also the outline of the existing visual practices in the city which correlate with the urban landscape. The research methodology is connected with the use of the method of synthe- sis, the use of tools of cultural analysis. The most extraordinary buildings are rarely residential buildings, much more often they are intended for public use. Their very essence is con- nected with publicity and attraction of a considerable quantity of visitors, tourists. These can be museums, libraries, concert halls, stadiums, shop- ping malls. In addition to these structures, extremely impressive structures are created in the field of transport – bridges, railway stations. The re- equipment of old objects and the creation of new ones becomes such that necessarily creates an occasion for communication, becoming a part of the media. In architecture there is a desire to circumvent the principle of statics that was inherent to it. Manifestations of this tendency in architecture were attempts to "revitalize" the building, giving them mobility through structures that visually convey the idea of fluidity (asymmetric structures, often deprived of straight angles with the prevalence of rounded parts). Creating the effect of architectural variability arises not only at the expense of innovative constructions, but also due to the equipment of the buildings by media facades, which perform as a purely aesthetic and advertising function, providing the opportunity to represent buildings in fundamentally different visual images. Scientific novelty consists in highlighting the specifics of architectural constructions claiming the status of "art" and visual practices that in- teract with them directly. The conclusion is made about the transformation of a modern city. The practical significance of the study is that features of the development of modern architectural constructions are presented and the factors influencing the formation of the visual image of the city are highlighted.

scholarly journals The Inner Geographies of a Migrant Gateway: Mapping the Built Environment and the Dynamics of Caribbean Mobility in Manchester, 1951–2011

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Brown ◽  
Niall Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Ethnic Segregation ◽  
Areal Interpolation ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Between the 1960s and 1990s a series of urban redevelopment projects in Manchester radically transformed ethnic settlement in the city. The ward of Moss Side, which had been a gateway for Caribbean and African immigrants, experienced repeated slum clearances in which whole communities were relocated and large tracts of housing stock were demolished and redesigned. The relationship between these physical and demographic changes has been overshadowed by the persisting stigmatization of Moss Side as a racialized “ghetto,” which has meant that outsiders have constructed the area as possessing a fixed and homogenous identity. This article uses geographic information systems in conjunction with local surveys and archival records to explore how the dynamics of immigrant mobility within Moss Side were shaped by housing stock, external racism, family strategies, and urban policy. Whereas scholarship on ethnic segregation in Britain has focused on the internal migration of ethnic groups between administrative areas, using areal interpolation to connect demographic data and the built environment reveals the intense range of movements that developed within the variegated urban landscape of Moss Side.

The architecture of the periphery: two views of Madrid's periphery seen through Aldo Rossi's work

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-384
Author(s):  
Alona Martínez Pérez ◽  
Stephen Walker
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Method ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Urban Theory ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Photographic Survey ◽  
New City ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City

This article brings together two distinct aspects of Aldo Rossi's urban theory and reads them against recent urban peripheral development in Madrid. By exploring the scientific method used in Rossi's work The Architecture of the City against the contemporary conditions of this metropolis, the authors examine whether and to what extent either ‘memory’ or ‘permanence’ are reflected in this new city. Additionally, the analogous city of fragments that Rossi explored in the second phase of his career is also brought into play, and considered in relation to Rossi's scientific method. Developing from Rossi's later approach, we carried out a photographic survey of these areas to understand the contemporary urban landscape. We utilise these two theoretical positions in his work as a form of critique on today's periphery, focusing on two of the Urban Action Plans (PAUs) — Las Tablas and San Chinarro — in the city of Madrid, and bridging the ideas of theory and project that were so important for La Tendenza, the group of architects to which Rossi belonged in the 1960s. These specific study areas allow a broader understanding of the patterns of urban development around Madrid, and the consequences of these projects as experienced by citizens of the city. More broadly, this analysis aims to further our understanding of the European urban peripheral condition, and points to the continuing relevance offered by the theoretical approaches of Rossi's work in today's context, a critical discourse that is felt to be necessary by the authors.

scholarly journals Features of the conceptual approach of contemporary Ukrainian artists in the genre of urban landscape

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Andriy Bludov
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
General Direction ◽  
Modern City ◽  
Creative Person ◽  
The City

The article examines the features of the perception of the urban environment as a specific phe- nomenon. The article considers the artistic works of a group of contemporary Ukrainian artists P. Makov, A. Sai, L. Dzhuraev, A. Priduvalov in the genre of urban landscape from the point of view of a conceptual approach, which allows us to understand the general direction of development of this type of genre. The works of contemporary Ukrainian artists reflect how a modern city creates an endless combination of connections between different aspects of life and the corresponding various forms and impressions. The article analyzes the works that the authors demonstrated as their reflections on changes in the urban environment in special creative projects. The urban environment causes a creative person to strive to convey his atmosphere, images, rhythms in his own language. For centuries, artists have depicted the urban space, but it was in the twentieth century that the transformation of the urban environment into an urban one contributed to the fact that the city became a source of special inspiration for subsequent times. The theme of urbanism is specific in the work of contemporary Ukrainian artists, where the very phenomenon of the city is the basis of creative inspiration. The aim of this work is to study the conceptual and programmatic works of contemporary Ukrainian artists to reveal the theme of urbanism in painting and the main trends in displaying the city as a concept in the work of artists.

scholarly journals AN HISTORICALLY-INFORMED APPROACH TO THE CONSERVATION OF VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE: THE CASE OF THE PHLEGREAN FARMHOUSES

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIV-M-1-2020 ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
E. Fiore ◽  
S. Iaccarino
Keyword(s):  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Suburban Area ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Modern City ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City

Abstract. Landscape is always the object of countless mutations: some of them disrupt its identifying features; others leave intact its original traits. Vernacular architecture is linked closely to the vocation of its landscapes, especially agricultural ones: this is the case of Pianura, a neighbourhood in the Phlegrean western suburban area of Naples, where the remains of vernacular architecture and its connections to agriculture are still traceable among the unstoppable process of building speculation which, since the 1960s, has torn up the rural fabric. In this uncontrolled development of the modern city, the architectural heritage of the farmhouse has shown its resilience: although parts of it appear to have been completely engulfed by the uncontrolled expansion of the city, in as many cases farmhouses have endured time, degradation, and indifference towards their historical value. In the heart of the neighbourhood, the masseria, with all its recurring features, remains the most widespread housing model, despite more recent interventions. Through the study of the history and architectural features of Masseria S. Lorenzo, this contribution aims to identify possible guidelines and strategies for the conservation of the material and immaterial values of these examples of vernacular architecture, putting them on a restoration and re-functionalisation path that is mindful of their past heritage and future potential.

scholarly journals SELFIE-ARCHITECTURE OF TYUMEN

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
A. Lukash ◽  
A. Panfilov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Street Art ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
The World ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The City

Architecture is an integral part human life. It influences the psyche and health of people, causing certain associations. Architectural objects are often captured through the lens of cameras. Selfie culture has become a powerful tool for promoting new meanings and designing modern public spaces. The need for selfie backgrounds is increasing. This encourages artists and architects to create interesting solutions for urban space. There are examples of urban street art in many cities around the world and in Russia. In Tyumen, there are memorable objects for visitors and its residents, which in turn are urban landmarks and are responsible for the strategic and economic development of the city. They are recognizable, stand out against the background of a monotonous environment and help to navigate the urban landscape. As a result of conducted research, the nformation is obtained on the most popular places for photos in the city of Tyumen. Territories can be divided into the following categories: environment, object and background. An architectural structure that meets all the criteria and is a key symbol of the city is selected from the objects considered. The selfie architecture of Tyumen is an integral part of the culture of today. However, at the moment in Tyumen there are no popular truly utilitarian spaces intended only for photos as it happens in other cities.

scholarly journals Dictionary Definitions of Explanatory Dictionaries as a Source of Information about Soviet Everyday Life (On the Example of Clothes Vocabulary)

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Sedova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Soviet Society ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Dictionary Definitions

The aim of this article is to explicate information about Soviet everyday life through a comparative analysis of the content of the dictionary definitions of the names of one piece of clothing in different explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language of the Soviet period. To achieve the aim, the following research methods were used: the lexicographic analysis of dictionary definitions of clothes names in explanatory dictionaries, the comparative analysis of the qualitative and quantitative content of dictionary definitions of names of one item of clothing in different explanatory dictionaries, and the interpretation of the results of the comparative analysis of dictionary definitions of clothing names. The material of the research was the explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language published in the Soviet period of Russian history: The Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language edited by D.N. Ushakov, The Dictionary of Modern Russian Standard Language in 17 Volumes, The Dictionary of the Russian Language in 4 Volumes, S.I. Ozhegov’s Dictionary of the Russian Language. 479 nominal lexemes, naming 160 items of clothing, were selected from theses dictionaries. Dictionary definitions of the names of one item of clothing from different dictionaries were compared by such typological features of clothing as “scope of use”, “subject wearing the item (by gender)”, “features of clothing style”. In the course of the comparative analysis, attention was paid to the qualitative and substantive content of the dictionary definitions of clothing names and the number of meaningful elements in their composition. As a result of the analysis, the authors have been identified dictionary definitions of clothing names whose content does not change in different dictionaries and dictionary definitions whose content transforms in terms of quality or quantity of its elements. The interpretation of the results of the comparative analysis of clothes vocabulary definitions allows reconstructing ideas about stable phenomena and dynamic processes in the zones of Soviet everyday life that are more closely related to the sphere of clothing. There are two such zones: (1) the style and way of life of Soviet people and (2) social interactions in Soviet society. The structuring of the information about Soviet everyday life, extracted from dictionary definitions, indicates the existence of a connection between the sphere of Soviet everyday life as a micro-level of human life with the macro-level –the life of the Soviet state. The lexicographic description of clothing items is a source of information not only about the costume as an element of national material culture, the traditions of wearing clothing, fashion trends in clothing, but also about the processes that are not directly related to the world of clothing, occurring in the social sphere, indicating the way of life and types of people’s activities, aesthetic and moral stereotypes, the emergence of new needs.

Study on Construction of Underground Urban Complex in Core Area of Coastal City

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 470-473
Author(s):  
Xu En Hou
Keyword(s):  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Core Area ◽  
City Center ◽  
Modern City ◽  
Coastal City ◽  
Object Studies ◽  
Development And Utilization ◽  
Complex Construction ◽  
Urban Complex ◽  
The City

The development and utilization of complex underground space is an important way to establish the comprehensive transportation system and city disaster prevention space system in modern city. It is also one of the most important methods for building modern city infrastructure construction. This paper takes the city underground urban complex construction as the research object, studies the proper schematic of underground urban complex in core area of coastal city. The approach of making ground space into the underground approach in Qinhuangdao City is proposed. The target is to alleviate the city center area and create a good urban landscape.

scholarly journals COMFORT OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Т. Кочеткова ◽  
T. Kochetkova ◽  
Н. Алейникова ◽  
N. Aleinikova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Modern City ◽  
District Center ◽  
Social Interests ◽  
Planning Concepts ◽  
The City

The idea of creating a comfortable, truly convenient city for all residents excites the minds of architects and urban planners for hundreds of years. A modern city, both a megalopolis and a district center, should be a comfortable environment in terms of functionality, ecology, aesthetics and safety. The article analyzes the methods for assessing the comfort of the urban environment, considers the parameters of a comprehensive assessment of the urban development complex. Modern urban planning concepts, such as smart development and the program of sustainable development of territories, are considered. A critical approach to modernism and constructivism in urban planning is applied. The analysis of urban planning theories based on the historical and cultural uniqueness of the city, as well as "free spaces" in the modern city is carried out on the example of the cities of Chandigarh (India) and Brasilia (Brazil). The ideas of a new urbanism, the humanization of urban space, the concept of the city for people, not for cars are explored. The possibilities of using the balance of social interests in the organization of the urban landscape are considered. The ratio of functionality and privacy of the urban environment is shown by the example of multi-storey and quarter buildings. The parameters necessary to create a comfortable urban environment are offered.

Analyzing, Classifying, Safeguarding

2018 ◽  
pp. 93-108
Author(s):  
Valentina Castagnolo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
City Image ◽  
Modern City ◽  
Graphic Model ◽  
Architectural Survey ◽  
The City

A modern city can be studied through its representation, from the urban to the architectural and detail scales. The image of a city is characterized by a plurality of architectural shapes that are visible across the urban landscape. This chapter describes the scientific method of the representation science, namely the architectural survey and drawing, as knowledge methods, that play the role of tools for the analysis of the structuring place dynamics. The methodology includes the retrieval of existing documentary material and the redrawing of the façades and their subsequent composition within the urban space. The research aim is to show the city image of Bari in its architectural, historical, and cultural essence, implementing a graphic model that can be an effective tool for protection, which contains the reference documentation of each architecture, that can be viewed and studied individually or placed in relation to other façades of the city.

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