scholarly journals The Application of Total Physical Response Method (TPR) in Preschool Children’s English Teaching

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1323-1333
Author(s):  
Yujing Duan

This article through a four months’ TPR teaching experiment among six preschool children, namely, Pre-interview, Pre-test, TPR Teaching Experiment (such as “Display and Imitation”, “Instructions and Action”, “Situational Communication”), Post-test, and Post-interview, attempts to investigate the application and effectiveness of the TPR method in preschool children’s English teaching. The experimental results show that this approach can not only help children understand the new language quickly and gain long-term memory, but also allow children to learn English happily in a “zero stress” environment. However, abstract words and sentences are difficult to express in the TPR methods. At the same time, this “teaching through lively activities” method is easily leads to classroom discipline chaos. The TPR method also requires teachers to have high professional quality and comprehensive skills, including language expression ability, sports ability, performance skills, etc. Therefore, promoting this approach in preschool English teaching also faces technical and teaching staff difficulties. This study validates some conclusions of earlier studies which can provide experience and lessons to preschool English teachers in applying TPR as well as theoretical and practical contributions to future research.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Nur Endah Nugraheni ◽  
Lukas Danu Kristian

This study aims to understand the use of Total Physical Response or TPR method to improve English vocabulary skill of students with mental retardation. Students with mental retardation are students who have an IQ score less than 70 on a psychological test of intelligence; therefore, they have difficulty in learning including learning English. TPR is a fun method to teach students with mental retardation. The subject of this study was eight students with mental retardation of the 11th grade in SLB N Kota Magelang. To investigate the TPR method, the researchers did direct teaching to the students. Pre-test was given before TPR method was employed then post-test was done afterwards. By comparing the pre-test and post-test score, the result shows that the students’ average score increases after the TPR method was implemented. The highest score in pre-test is 90 and the lowest score is 60. Meanwhile, the highest score in post-test is 100 and the lowest score is 70. The average score in pre-test is 71,25 and the average score in post-test is 87,50. It can be concluded that Total Physical Response method was successfully implemented in increasing the students’ English vocabulary skill. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Agci Hikmawati ◽  
Rindu Handayani

This study aimed to develop and provide an enjoyable, meaningful, and cultural – based English textbook for elementary school students on the coast of Kurau village, Bangka Belitung Province. The observation and interview were undertaken to acknowledge the needs of the students in improving and advancing their understanding of English as well as to afford them an expedient textbook to be explored. Lee and Owens (2004) model has been used for this research and development study in designing the book. Total physical response method was also implemented in some exercises within the book to engage students’ attention and comprehension towards English learning. The data gathered in this study were collected through questionnaires, pre-test, and post-test. Based on the data analysis, the research finding shows that the cultural-based English textbook for elementary students is feasible. Feasibility obtained from the book was very good. Percentage of assessment by the content expert reached 82 % and the media expert was 87%. The calculation of T-paired test showed that there was a difference in learning achievement between the pre-test and the post-test score, which was 70.00 to 78.00 or increased 15%. Thus, there is an increasing score and this cultural – based textbook is effective to be used by the elementary students.


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Choiril Anwar ◽  
Diah Fitriani

AbstractThe objective of this study was to test which one of the two methods (TPR and DM) were more effective to improve the students vocabulary mastery. The population of this study was all of the fifth graders of SD Islam Sultan Agung 4 Semarang in the academic year of 2015/2016. The instrument of the study was vocabulary test consisted of multiple choice items and matching items. Before treatment was given, pre-test was conducted to both groups. Meanwhile, post-test was conducted after the treatment had finished. The result showed that the mean of the experimental and control group in pre-test were 64.35 and 65.30, respectively. After being given the treatment, post-test was conducted in both groups. The t-test calculation showed that there was a significant difference. So, Total Physical Response method was more effective than Direct Method in learning English Vocabulary to the fifth graders of Elementary Students.Keywords: Total Physical Response, Direct method, and VocabularyAbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji mana dari dua metode (TPR dan DM) yang lebih efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan penguasaan kosa kata siswa. Subjek penelitiannya adalah semua siswa kelas 5 SD Islam Sultan Agung 4 Semarang Tahun Ajaran 2015/2016. Instrumen penelitiannya berupa tes kosa kata yang terdiri dari pilihan ganda dan menjodohkan. Sebelum perlakuan diberikan, kedua grup diberikan pre-test. Sedangkan post-test diberikan setelah perlakuan selesai. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata grup eksperimen dan kontrol berturut-turut adalah 64.35 dan 65.30. Setelah diberikan perlakuan, kedua grup diberikan post-test. Nilai rata-rata untuk kedua grup berturut-turut adalah 78.65 dan 71.70. Perhitungan t-test menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang mencolok. Jadi, metode Total Physical Response lebih efektif daripada Direct Method dalam pembelajaran kosa kata Bahasa Inggris pada siswa kelas lima sekolah dasar.Kata Kunci: Total Physical Response, Direct method, and Vocabulary


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-40
Author(s):  
Nguyen Dinh Nhu Ha ◽  
Le Thi Thuy Trang ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thanh Hue

This study attempts to investigate the effect of the Total Physical Response (TPR) Method on vocabulary retention and explore the young learners’ attitudes toward it. It involved sixty two English young learners (YLs) aging from 10 to 11. All of them were attending English classes at Viet Uc English Language Center (henceforth called VUC) in Bien Hoa City where the current study was conducted. Both quantitative and qualitative data was obtained through the three instruments, namely pre- and post-test and interview. Descriptive statistics was employed for data analysis. The results revealed that TPR had effect on the YLs’ vocabulary knowledge through an increase in their vocabulary retention after they underwent the treatment. Similarly, the findings of the study also revealed that the YLs had positive attitudes toward the use TPR in vocabulary teaching and learning. This study is expected to shed light to the implementation of teaching vocabulary methods in the VUC context and other similar contexts.


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyuni Sakka ◽  
Muhammad Aswad ◽  
Fajriani Fajriani

The study was conducted in Madrasah Tsanawiah (MTs) Totolisi Sendana Majene Distric, West Sulawesi Province, this school was chosen purposively based on several considerations, namely: 1) the lack of number of English teachers, 2) the minimum number of learners is proportional to their interest in learning English, 3) the methods used by educators are less creative and innovative. Based on the issues raised in this study, the research entitled "The Effect of TPR (Total Physical Response) Method on Improving Learning Outcomes through Story Telling Activity English" is a method of Quasi Experimental Design research which in this study using a model that is two groups pretest-posttest design. The research design used in this study is a research model conducted by involving a comparison group ". Thus the treatment results can be known more accurately, because it can compare with the situation before being treated and compare methods applied by the English teacher. Based on the descriptions, it can be concluded that There is an influence between the learning value of English learners at the time before and after the implementation of TPR method of Total Physical Response) through story telling activity to students of Madrasah Tsanawiah (MTs) Totolisi Sendana Majene district. There is an increase in the average value in the experimental group that has the average value of pre-test of 47.26 after being given treatment in the form of application of TPR method (Total Physical Response) through the activity of storytelling, the result of the value of English increases with the average value post-test of 68.44. While in the control group did not increase with the value in pre-test 44.62 while post-test 56.52.


2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41.3-41
Author(s):  
Michael Wessels ◽  
Manuel Geuen

Background & PurposeThe professional qualifications of paramedics in the emergency services are not uniform at the federal level across Germany. Federalism leads to a considerable heterogeneity of regional regulations and curricula for training at the state-approved emergency services School. This results in an uneven transfer of knowledge of action skills, scientific findings as well as inconsistent application of appropriate teaching methods. Finally, this culminates in an inconsistent qualification of EMS personnel.To illustrate the needs of teachers in simulation in training and continuing education of EMS personnel.MethodsBased on a systematic literature review and expert interviews on training and further education of non-medical personnel in emergency care simulation was analysed as a teaching method from an educational perspective. For a standardized carrying out of the interviews a unified interview guide was used. The statements of the experts were analysed with the software MAXQDA.ResultsThrough simulation, in conjunction with debriefings an outstanding benefit for the direct learning from mistakes is made possible, both in the whole group as well as in the setting of reality (train where you work). This supports a long-needed culture of errors in emergency service as well as improving patient safety in emergency response. This requires intensive training of the teaching staff in pedagogy and technology. Further research needs were identified for potential fields of application of simulation in the training of EMS personnel.ConclusionsSimulation provides for the training of emergency services personnel, particularly in view of the new profession of emergency paramedics (Notfallsanitäter) and their advanced performance skills extensive opportunities. With the help of simulation abilities and skills as well as inter-professional teamwork can be taught and improved individualized. In fact, simulation contributes to improving patient safety and guideline- based care of emergency patients.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharron J. Lennon ◽  
Kim K. P. Johnson

AbstractOver the past 25 years, understanding males’ interest in and outcomes of muscularity has developed into a major area of study. Research has been fueled by the development of measures of both the attitudinal and behavioral aspects of a desire to increase muscularity. Our research purpose was to critically assess muscularity research. Using a database search, the ancestry approach, and searching key journals, we identified empirical refereed journal articles with men as participants published from 2000 to 2019 to serve as our data. Our analyses revealed several individual characteristics (e.g., perfectionism, holding to traditional masculine norms) and socio-cultural influences (e.g., media, verbal commentary) that fueled men’s desire to be muscular. In experimental research, exposure to muscular male ideal images has resulted in low body image scores for young men in investigations that utilized pre-test, post-test designs. In survey research, muscularity was positively related to several risky behaviors or behaviors that could become risky if taken to the extreme. Overall, the reviewed research was conducted in western countries and researchers primarily utilized non-probability samples of undergraduate men. Recommendations for future research are provided.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jie Chen ◽  
Yukun Chen ◽  
Jiaxin Lin

The purpose is to minimize color overflow and color patch generation in intelligent images and promote the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) intelligent image-positioning studio classroom in English teaching. Here, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm is introduced to extract and classify features for intelligent images. Then, the extracted features can position images in real-time. Afterward, the performance of the CNN algorithm is verified through training. Subsequently, two classes in senior high school are selected for experiments, and the influences of IoT intelligent image-positioning studio classroom on students’ performance in the experimental class and control class are analyzed and compared. The results show that the introduction of the CNN algorithm can optimize the intelligent image, accelerate the image classification, reduce color overflow, brighten edge color, and reduce color patches, facilitating intelligent image editing and dissemination. The feasibility analysis proves the effectiveness of the IoT intelligent image-positioning studio classroom, which is in line with students’ language learning rules and interests and can involve students in classroom activities and encourage self-learning. Meanwhile, interaction and cooperation can help students master learning strategies efficiently. The experimental class taught with the IoT intelligent positioning studio has made significant progress in academic performance, especially, in the post-test. In short, the CNN algorithm can promote IoT technologies and is feasible in English teaching.


Author(s):  
ISSRAQ BIN RAMLI ◽  
MOHD ZAKI ABD. RAHMAN

Terdapat banyak modul sebutan berada di pasaran yang memperkenalkan teknik pembelajaran dan pengajaran sebutan al-Quran al-Karim dan bahasa Arab. Ada yang menggunakan kaedah klasik, moden dan ada juga yang menggunakan kedua-dua kaedah secara komprehensif. Namun, amat sedikit kita lihat kaedah yang dapat memperbaiki sebutan dan menumpukan secara khusus teknik kepada pelajar bukan Arab. Sering kali diperkatakan tentang masalah sebutan pelajar Sabah tanpa membuat kajian secara terperinci dan ilmiah. Justeru, kajian ini dibuat untuk melihat masalah sebenar sebutan bunyi bahasa Arab pelajar Sabah dan seterusnya mengaplikasikan teori Mahjub (1993) untuk memperbaiki masalah sebutan bahasa Arab. Kajian ini dilakukan di sebuah sekolah menengah kebangsaan di Kota Kinabalu yang responden kajiannya ialah pelajar sekolah tingkatan empat. Objektif kajian adalah untuk mengenal pasti secara ilmiah permasalahan sebutan dalam kalangan pelajar Sabah dan mengaplikasi kaedah fonetik Mahjub, seterusnya melihat keberkesanan modul Mahjub sebagai instrumen terbaik memperbaiki sebutan pelajar Sabah. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan huruf-huruf konsonan yang sukar bagi pelajar asing yang dibuat oleh Mahjub (1993) yang menggunakan modul yang digunakan untuk memperbaiki sebutan Arab pelajar asing. Terdapat tiga langkah utama dalam kajian ini, iaitu rakaman ujian pertama (U1) sebagai sebutan bahasa Arab terkini pelajar Sabah, kemudian langkah kedua melaksanakan PdP berdasarkan PdP Mahjub dan langkah yang ketiga membuat rakaman ujian kedua (U2) untuk melihat keberhasilan teori Mahjub dalam memperbaiki sebutan pelajar Sabah. Hasil Kajian menunjukkan nilai yang sangat signifikan antara U1 dan U2. Daripada sembilan huruf yang diuji itu, konsonan ‘Ayn [ع] paling baik disebut oleh pelajar dan huruf Dad [ض] paling sukar disebut dalam U1. Dalam U2, huruf Ta’ [ط] paling sukar disebut dan huruf Sad [ص] paling mudah disebut. Dalam U1 Fathaṯ paling tinggi skor dengan 68.2 berbanding Sukun yang mempunyai skor paling rendah dengan 33.3. Secara puratanya, dalam U1 pelajar atau responden hanya mendapat purata sekitar 55 skor min bagi Dammaṯ dan Kasraṯ. Namun, pada U2 peningkatan masing-masing Dammaṯ dan Kasraṯ. mendapat skor yang hampir sama, iaitu 77.9 dan 76.9. Data menunjukkan bahawa Sukun paling bermasalah kepada responden dalam sebutan. Begitu juga terdapat perubahan yang signifikan dalam ujian kedudukan Fathaṯ, Dammaṯ dan Kasraṯ dari U1 kepada U2. Kajian menunjukkan bahawa teori Mahjub ini berhasil memperbaiki masalah sebutan dalam kalangan pelajar Sabah dan memberikan satu alternatif untuk diaplikasi dalam PdP pelajar dan membuka ruang kepada penulis lain untuk memanjangkan kajian pada masa akan datang. There are many modules/methods available in the market to introduce the techniques of learning and teaching the Holy Quran and the Arabic language. There are classical and modern methods in teaching the Holy Quran, and some might combine both classical and modern to help students to learn the Holy Quran. But there are only few methods which can really help to improve the pronunciation of Arabic especially among the non-Arab students who learn Arabic as a second language. This pronunciation problem is often discussed by the Arabic teachers but there are lack of proper studies to overcome this problem. Therefore, this study aims to identify specifically the pronunciation problem and to measure if the Maḥjub Theory can be applied to help in overcoming it. This study was conducted in a secondary school in Kota Kinabalu. The respondents were all Form 4 students. This qualitative study used the Maḥjub Module (1993) to rectify consonant letters that are difficult to pronounce by the Sabahan students. This study has undergone three phrases. The first phrase is U1 where the pre-test is carried out to evaluate the current capability of the respondents. The second phrase applied the Maḥjub Method in the PdP. The third phrase is U2 where the post-test was carried out after the Maḥjub Method was applied to the respondents. This study showed significant value between U1 and U2. Nine consonant letters were tested in this study. In U1, ‘Ayn [ع]was the easiest to pronounce and Dad [ض] was the most difficult to pronounce by the respondents. In U2, Ta’ [ط] was the hardest to pronounce and Sad [ص] was the easiet. In U1, Fathaṯ was the highest with 68.2 score as compared to Sukun with 33.3 score. Overall, respondents scored a mean of 55 for Dammaṯ and Kasraṯ in U1. However, in U2, Dammaṯ and Kasraṯ showed very close score as of 77.9 and 76.9. The data also showed that Sukun is the hardest part for the respondents.This study had proved that the Maḥjub Method is enabled to enhance and improve the difficulty in pronunciation among the students in Sabah. Therefore, the Mahjub Method gives educators an alternative approach to apply in their teaching and also other researchers for ideas to carry out future research in this field.


2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurjen Jansen ◽  
Paul van Schaik

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test the protection motivation theory (PMT) in the context of fear appeal interventions to reduce the threat of phishing attacks. In addition, it was tested to what extent the model relations are equivalent across fear appeal conditions and across time. Design/methodology/approach A pre-test post-test design was used. In the pre-test, 1,201 internet users filled out an online survey and were presented with one of three fear appeal conditions: strong fear appeal, weak fear appeal and control condition. Arguments regarding vulnerability of phishing attacks and response efficacy of vigilant online information-sharing behaviour were manipulated in the fear appeals. In the post-test, data were collected from 786 internet users and analysed with partial least squares path modelling. Findings The study found that PMT model relations hold in the domain of phishing. Self-efficacy and fear were the most important predictors of protection motivation. In general, the model results were equivalent across conditions and across time. Practical Implications It is important to consider online information-sharing behaviour because it facilitates the occurrence and success of phishing attacks. The results give practitioners more insight into important factors to address in the design of preventative measures to reduce the success of phishing attacks. Future research is needed to test how fear appeals work in real-world settings and over longer periods. Originality/value This paper is a substantial adaptation of a previous conference paper (Jansen and Van Schaik, 2017a, b).


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