Kurnakov as the founder of physico-chemical analysis – the scientific base for the development of new metal alloys and materials

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
A. G. Syrkov ◽  
◽  
V. N. Brichkin ◽  
N. R. Prokopchuk ◽  
A. G. Vorobiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Metal Alloys ◽  
Mining Institute ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
The Road ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical

In the year of the 160th birth anniversary of Academician N. S. Kurnakov (1860–1941), outstanding graduate of the St. Petersburg Mining Institute (now University), it becomes clear that the issues concerning his activities as a metallurgist, materials scientist and researcher which opened the road through his students (P. P. Weimarn and others) to new technologies, including nanotechnology, are not studied enough. We do not know much about the Kurnakov–Schroeder–Weimarn relations and about their scientific communications with other physicochemists and metallurgists, who later became leaders of scientific schools and successors of the traditions of Kurnakov’s scientific school in the field of physical and chemical analysis. The purpose of this article is to analyze specific examples of the application of physicochemical analysis for development of metal alloys and materials, as well as to clarify the historical gaps in understanding the scientific relation of N. S. Kurnakov, I. F. Schroeder, P. P. Weimarn and other researchers who have made a significant contribution to the deve lopment of modern materials science and metallurgy. It is shown that P. P. Weimarn, being a student of Kurnakov and Schroeder, developed their scientific directions. However, he was not only a supporter, but also a critic of Kurnakov’s ideas, while becoming the founder of the science of nanotechnology. The results of the research summarize facts, including previously unknown ones, which demonstrate the outstanding role of N. S. Kurnakov and his achievements not only as a physicochemist, but also as a metallurgist-preceptor, one of the founders of Russian school of metallurgists and materials scientists, including the school of metallurgists of the Mining Institute, which gave momentum to number of breakthrough technologies of the 21st century.

scholarly journals Physico Chemical Analysis of Sapota (Manilkara zapota) Coated by Edible Aloe Vera Gel

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Padmaja ◽  
S. John Don Bosco ◽  
J. Sudhakara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Manilkara Zapota ◽  
Aloe Vera Gel ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Dramatic Decline ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The physical and chemical characteristics of the fruit have immense significance as they ultimately affect the quality of processed productsprepared from them. Over ripening of Sapota (Manilkara zapota) fruits at the post-harvest stage usually results in dramatic decline in quality.In the present study, physico chemical analysis (which includes Weight loss, Colour, Texture, TSS, pH, TA and Ascorbic acid content) ofedible Aloe vera gel coated Sapota fruits packed in LDPE and stored at 15 ± 2? were studied at regular intervals of 5 days i.e., 0th,5th, 10th,15thand 20th days. The dip treatment of Aloe vera gel coating 1:2, 7 minutes had best retained the physico chemical characteristics than the othertreatments performed and was found to be the most effective treatment in maintaining the fruit quality attributes along with the shelf lifeextension of about 20 days.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i1.11703 Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 3(1): 20-25      

scholarly journals Diagnóstico da Qualidade do Leite Pasteurizado Distribuído pelo Programa do Leite na Microrregião do Seridó Oriental - RN

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-223
Author(s):  
J. K. B. Silva ◽  
R. A. Andrade ◽  
R. S. Falcão ◽  
R. P. Gusmão
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Garbage Collection ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Pasteurized Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Neste trabalho foi avaliada a qualidade do leite pasteurizado distribuído pelo Programa do Leite na microrregião do Seridó Oriental do Rio Grande do Norte. Para a avaliação do leite, foram aplicadas listas de verificação nos pontos de coleta do município de Currais Novos em que foi observada insuficiência do espaço físico e da infraestrutura, ausência de espaço coberto para abrigar filas, ventilação, iluminação, sanitários, freezers, computador e telefone. Ainda, foi observado que não há dedetização e desratização periódicas do ambiente, higienização correta, acondicionamento adequado e coleta diária de lixo. Além disso, foram realizadas análises físico-químicas, que compreenderam a determinação de gordura, teste de alizarol, sólidos não gordurosos, acidez e índice crioscópico, de amostras do leite fornecido por 3 usinas de beneficiamento que fazem parte do programa. As listas de verificação apontaram resultados insatisfatórios quanto à dimensão e infraestrutura dos pontos de entrega. O percentual de amostras que se apresentaram fora dos padrões estabelecidos pela legislação para as análises físico-químicas de gordura, acidez e índice crioscópico foi, respectivamente, 87,5, 62,5 e 100%. Diagnostic of Quality of Pasteurized Milk Distributed by the Milk Program in the Micro Eastern Seridó – RN ABSTRACT - This work evaluated the quality of pasteurized milk delivered by the milk program in the micro eastern Served Rio Grande do Norte. For the evaluation of milk, checklists were applied at collection points in the municipality of New corrals where insufficient physical space and infrastructure, absence of covered rows to house, ventilation, lighting, plumbing, freezers, computer space was observed and phone. Still, it was observed that there is no periodic fumigation and pest control of the environment, proper sanitation, adequate storage and daily garbage collection. In addition, physical and chemical analyzes, which comprised the determination of fat, alizarol test, not fat solids, acidity and cryoscopic index of the milk samples provided by three beneficiation plants that are part of the program were conducted. The checklists showed unsatisfactory results regarding the size and infrastructure of delivery points. The percentage of samples that were outside of the standards established by law for the physico-chemical analysis of fat, acidity and cryoscopic index was, respectively, 87.5, 62.5 and 100%.

scholarly journals Modification of Kakubhadi Churna into malahara and its physicochemical analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 866-872
Author(s):  
Neha Semwal ◽  
Rakshitha D ◽  
Govinda Sharma K
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Physico Chemical

Samskara is the process of modification of Guna of a given substance which is responsible for conversion of a raw material into medicine. These Samskara are responsible for the change in quality and property of any medicine. Primary preparations of Bhaisajya Kalpana known as Panchavidha kashaya Kalpana are modified into secondary dosage forms like Vati, Avaleha, Malahara, Sneha kalpana etc in order to achieve better shelf life, easy administration and palatability. Churna kalpana is an Upkalapana of Kalka kalpana, it is mentioned to be used in many disease conditions. One among these is Kakubhadi churna, which is indicated to be sprinkled externally on Dushta Vrana. As this method of application is cumbersome and not patient friendly, an attempt has been made to modify Kakubhadi churna into Malahara. Malahara is similar to ointments and creams in modern pharmaceutics. When compared to Churna, it has as an extended shelf life and also drugs in the form of Malahara are easy to apply and store. Taking all this under consideration, present study was taken up to modify Kakubhadi churna into Malahara. Physico chemical analysis of prepared Churna and Malahara was also done to achieve preliminary standard.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical evaluation of soil resources in different regions of Taza – Taounate, Morocco

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 836
Author(s):  
Sanae Rezouki ◽  
Aimad Allali ◽  
Bouchra Louasté ◽  
Noureddine Eloutassi ◽  
Mohamed Fadli
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
North Central ◽  
Chemical Evaluation ◽  
Laboratory Techniques ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Basic Cations

<p>The area studied Taza-Taounate is a vast mountain range in north-central Morocco, characterized by a variation in bio-geographical factors that encourage a vibrant and diversified vegetation cover with a remarkable rate of endemism compared to Moroccan flora. Our work involves the physicochemical analysis of soils at seven stations in the study area. Three surface soil samples (0-15 cm) were collected and analyzed for physical and chemical parameters using standard laboratory techniques at each station.</p><p>The results showed the clay fraction's dominance in S2 and S3 and the silt fraction in stations S1, S4, S5, S6, and S7. The studied soils have low levels of organic carbon (0.97% to 2.29%), high levels of CaCO<sub>3 </sub>(10.1% to 24.9%), and neutral and slightly alkaline pH (7.01to 7.81). The most dominant element in all stations is calcium exchangeable, with values ranging from 51.52 to 74.91 cmol+/kg. The other exchangeable basic cations (Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>) have relatively low levels. CEC values vary between 36.12 and 81.13 cmol+/kg, indicating that our soil type is heavy to organic.</p>

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical analysis of Gandharvahasta Taila - A Polyherbal formulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (05) ◽  
pp. 255-258
Author(s):  
Sachin Seth1 ◽  
Gangaprasad Asore ◽  
Vishakha Vivek Sonawane
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Polyherbal Formulation ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Physico Chemical

Sneha Kalpana, a group of medicated Taila and Ghrita is an important dosage form described in Ayurveda. It is the only dosage form that can be administered conveniently both internally and externally depending on the diseased conditions. Among these, Taila Kalpana is considered as the drug of choice for Vatavikaras. Gandharvahasta Taila is mentioned in Ashtanga Sangraha in the context of Vidradhivrudhi Chikitsa indicated in Vidradhi, Pleeha, Vata disorders, etc. Aim: The aim of the study was to prepare and analyze the physicochemical parameters of Gandharvahastadi Taila. Materials and Methods: Gandharvahasta Taila was prepared as per the reference in Ashtanga Sangraha. The obtained product was subjected to organoleptic and physicochemical analysis. Results: Physicochemical parameters obtained are refractive index at 25°C - 1.463, saponification value - 190 mg/g, unsaponifiable matter - 1.4%, specific gravity at 30°C - 0.9201, and viscosity at 30°C - 880cp. Conclusion: The values obtained after analysis were found to be within the permissible limits of API.

Authenticity Identification of Carbonated Alcochol-Free Beverages

Food Industry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Irina Reznichenko ◽  
Maria Kondratieva
Keyword(s):  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
Score System ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The article concerns the counterfeiting problem of non-alcoholic drinks sold on the consumer market of the Russian Federation; provides data on drinks fraud methods (assortment, qualitative, quantitative and informational types). Strengthening quality control of soft drinks is one of the main directions of providing consumers with qualitative products. The authors presented authenticity identification results of carbonated soft drinks sold on the Kemerovo consumer market for compliance with the current regulatory documents requirements; run the consumer criteria analysis for the drinks identification of various brands. They obtained data on the labeling and packaging identification of selected non-alcoholic carbonated drinks samples for the compliance with current regulatory documents. A man recorded the compliance. There was an absence of the quantitative counterfeiting identification. The study described results of the organoleptic and physico-chemical quality indicators research. According to the GOST 28188-2014 “Non-Alcoholic Beverages. General Technical Conditions” the authors evaluated beverages quality by such physical and chemical indicators as the mass fraction of dry substances, acidity, and the mass fraction of carbon dioxide. The researchers run the organoleptic indicators analysis according to a score system. Authenticity identification of the selected drinks samples showed that there are no signs of counterfeiting and the products are of high quality.

Assessment of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes for high temperature stress tolerance using physico-chemical analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalil Ahmed Laghari ◽  
Abdul Jabbar Pirzada ◽  
Mahboob Ali Sial ◽  
Muhammad Athar Khan ◽  
Jamal Uddin Mangi
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Physico Chemical

Investigations of the corrosion activity of the KAlCl4 melts by the methods of physicochemical analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
E.S. Filatov
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Metal Alloys ◽  
Corrosion Activity ◽  
Protection Efficiency ◽  
Gas Atmosphere ◽  
Metal Aluminum

Corrosion behavior of metal alloys in a melt of potassium chloroaluminate (KAlCl4) was investigated. Metal aluminum was used as a protector for protection against continuous frontal corrosion. The equilibrium potentials of aluminum and the corrosion potential of the alloys were measured. The data were obtained to evaluate the corrosion ability of the system of molten salt of potassium chloroaluminate - gas (argon) by measuring the redox potential of the specified environment depending on the composition of the gas atmosphere above it, i.e. from impurities of water vapor, hydrochloric acid, oxygen and other, for example, carbonaceous gases. The calculations of the protection efficiency using the potential difference between the metal aluminum and the protected material were performed. The regularities of changes in the equilibrium potentials of aluminum from the temperature and concentration were established as the fundamental data for possible use at determining the composition ratio of potassium chlorides and aluminum in potassium chloroaluminate as input data for the development of a sensor of composition of chloroaluminate potassium.

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