scholarly journals The capital of individuality: A prehistory and basic assumptions

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
L.Ya. Dorfman ◽  
A.M. Mishkevich ◽  
A.Yu. Kalugin

An overview of modern foreign capital studies is presented. Human, social, psychological capitals as independent areas of research are singled out and described. For the first time, the concept of the capital of individuality, complementing other types of capital, is being introduced and developed. The basic features of capital are revealed through the concepts of resources and potentials. Individual properties taken together are shown as distributed resources and potentials, on the one hand, the combined resources and potentials of the individuality taken together by its properties on the other. The perspective of a systematic study of the capital of individuality may be the appeal to the theory of integral individuality of V.S. Merlin and the concept of system integration of human individuality by B.A. Vyatkin and L.Y. Dorfman. An approach to empirical study of the capital of individuality is planned, taking into account the multi-level properties of integral individuality as resources and potentials that enable a person to achieve high results in various areas of life. The concept of the capital of individuality is introduced in order to complement the existing notions of individual differences with a view of them from the point of view of revealing the strengths of human possibilities for existence, life support, individual success.

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 564-575
Author(s):  
Irina I. Rutsinskaya

An artist who finds themselves in the last days of a war in the enemy’s defeated capital may not just fix its objects dispassionately. Many factors influence the selection and depicturing manner of the objects. One of the factors is satisfaction from the accomplished retribution, awareness of the historical justice triumph. Researchers think such reactions are inevitable. The article offers to consider from this point of view the drawings created by Soviet artists in Berlin in the spring and summer of 1945. Such an analysis of the German capital’s visual image is conducted for the first time. It shows that the above reactions were not the only ones. The graphics of the first post-war days no less clearly and consistently express other feelings and intentions of their authors: the desire to accurately document and fix the image of the city and some of its structures in history, the happiness from the silence of peace, and the simple interest in the monuments of European art.The article examines Berlin scenes as evidences of the transition from front-line graphics focused on the visual recording of the war traces to peacetime graphics; from documentary — to artistry; from the worldview of a person at war — to the one of a person who lived to victory. In this approach, it has been important to consider the graphic images of Berlin in unity with the diary and memoir texts belonging to both artists and ordinary soldiers who participated in the storming of Berlin. The combination of verbal and visual sources helps to present the German capital’s image that existed in the public consciousness, as well as the specificity of its representation by means of visual art.


Linguistica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-289
Author(s):  
Eva Sicherl

The article aims to shed some light on the growing tendency of Slovene native speakers towards borrowing English personal names when naming new-born children. Some historical overview of the borrowing of English personal names into Slovene is given, starting with lists compiled from 1931 onwards, established from the data supplied by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia (SURS). The phenomenon of borrowing personal names is discussed from the point of view of pragmatic borrowing as advocated by G. Andersen (2014), taking into account the traditional distinction between necessary loans on the one hand and luxury loans on the other. The article illustrates how in the case of personal names, ‘exoticisms’ (e.g. Alex, Liam, Kevin, Kim, Ian, Vanessa, Adrian, Ella, Emma, Patrick, Nick, Alan, Lucas, listed among the most popular 200 first names in the 2001–2013 period) compete with name forms that have been adapted and nativised long ago (e.g. Patrik), or are currently being introduced for the first time into Slovene. In these recent borrowings, the foreign forms undergo some adaptation, but at the same time, unlike other anglicisms, show the tendency to resist complete adaptation, particularly in terms of spelling and pronunciation. Such pragmatically borrowed items carry significant sociolinguistic signals about the borrowers’ attitudes, and these are briefly commented on.


2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 403-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Durt

We study different techniques that allow us to gain complete knowledge about an unknown quantum state, e.g. to perform full tomography of this state. In a first time, we focus on two simple cases, full tomography of one- and two-qubit systems. We analyze and compare those techniques according to two criteria. Our first criterion is the minimisation of the redundancy of the data acquired during the tomographic process. In the case of two-qubits tomography, we also analyze this process from the point of view of factorisability, so to say we analyze the possibility to realise the tomographic process through local operations and classical communications between local observers. Finally, we present new results that concern the extension of the one- and two-qubit cases to higher dimensions.


Author(s):  
O. L. Protasova ◽  

The elements of the ideological platform of the People’s Labor Socialist Party (PLSP) concerning the issue of statehood are analyzed. For the first time in the historical and legal literature, a comparison was made of the basic features of a welfare state from a modern point of view and its obvious components presented in the political program of moderate populism. It is shown that the PLSP differed from other socialist parties in its pronounced consistent etatism, paying great attention to the issue of the role of the progressive state as a moderator of the relationship between the individual and society. It is concluded that it was this party that proposed one of the first projects of state structure in Russia, the meaning and content of which anticipated the general trend towards the construction of socio-legal states of post-war European democratic socialism.


Author(s):  
Т.К. Салбиев

Очевидно, что в условиях глобализации опора на традицию, содержащую в обобщенном виде опыт многих поколений предков, является одним из основополагающих условий, обеспечивающих устойчивое развитие общества. С этой точки зрения, когда в современном обществе налицо кризис семьи, первостепенный интерес представляет то, как традиция трактует семейные отношения, определяет место и роль семьи в обществе, регулирует отношение между ее членами. Не случайно у современных исследователей наблюдается устойчивый интерес к этому элементу традиционной культуры осетин. Новизна проведенного исследования обнаруживает себя двояко. С одной стороны, впервые в качестве основного источника исследования использованы не внешние описания, а сама обрядовая традиция, позволяющая получить сведения «из первых рук». С другой стороны, в статье обоснована необходимость обращения к методам, разработанным школой функциональной этнологии, основоположником которой принято считать британского ученого Б. Малиновского. В рамках предлагаемого подхода главной целью неизбежно становится выяснение мифа, лежащего в основе осетинской патриархальной семьи, определяющего принципы ее устройства и функционирования. Главным результатом исследования можно считать отождествление членов осетинской патриархальной семьи и отводимых им в рамках осетинской семейной обрядности прав и обязанностей, с ритуально значимыми частями жертвенной птицы, распределение которых было строго регламентировано. Вместе с тем, обнаруживает себя также их устойчивая связь и с эпическим циклом, определяемым как «Начало нартов». В этом случае, семейная обрядность, фактически, предстает формой инсценировки этого сюжета, в рамках которой члены патриархальной семьи воспроизводят образы тех или иных эпических героев, действовавших в эпоху первотворения. Obviously, in the context of globalization, reliance on tradition, containing in a generalized form the experience of many generations of ancestors, is one of the fundamental conditions for the sustainable development of society. From this point of view, when there is a family crisis in modern society, it is of primary interest how tradition interprets family relations, determines the place and role of the family in society, and regulates the relations between its members. No wonder that modern scholars have shown steady interest in this element of the traditional Ossetian culture. The novelty of the study reveals itself in two ways. On the one hand, for the first time, the main source of the research was not external descriptions, but the ritual tradition itself, which made it possible to obtain first-hand information. On the other hand, the article substantiates the need to appeal to the methods developed by the school of functional ethnology, the founder of which is considered to be B. Malinovsky. In the framework of the proposed approach, the main goal inevitably becomes the clarification of the myth underlying the Ossetian patriarchal family, which determines the principles of its structure and functioning. The main result of the study can be considered the identification of members of the Ossetian patriarchal family and the rights and obligations assigned to them within the framework of the Ossetian family ritual, with ritually significant parts of the sacrificial bird, the distribution of which was strictly regulated. At the same time, their steady connection with the epic cycle, defined as the “Beginning of the Narts”, also reveals itself. In this case, family ritual, in fact, appears as a form of dramatization of this plot, in which members of the patriarchal family reproduce the images of certain epic heroes who acted in the era of the creation.


2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-122
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Bulajić ◽  
Miomir Despotović ◽  
Thomas Lachmann

Abstract. The article discusses the emergence of a functional literacy construct and the rediscovery of illiteracy in industrialized countries during the second half of the 20th century. It offers a short explanation of how the construct evolved over time. In addition, it explores how functional (il)literacy is conceived differently by research discourses of cognitive and neural studies, on the one hand, and by prescriptive and normative international policy documents and adult education, on the other hand. Furthermore, it analyses how literacy skills surveys such as the Level One Study (leo.) or the PIAAC may help to bridge the gap between cognitive and more practical and educational approaches to literacy, the goal being to place the functional illiteracy (FI) construct within its existing scale levels. It also sheds more light on the way in which FI can be perceived in terms of different cognitive processes and underlying components of reading. By building on the previous work of other authors and previous definitions, the article brings together different views of FI and offers a perspective for a needed operational definition of the concept, which would be an appropriate reference point for future educational, political, and scientific utilization.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Dyah Adriantini Sintha Dewi

The Ombudsman as an external oversight body for official performance, in Fikih Siyasah (constitutionality in Islam) is included in the supervision stipulated in legislation (al-musahabah al-qomariyah). Supervision is done so that public service delivery to the community is in accordance with the rights of the community. This is done because in carrying out its duties, officials are very likely to conduct mal administration, which is bad public services that cause harm to the community. The Ombudsman is an institution authorized to resolve the mal administration issue, in which one of its products is by issuing a recommendation. Although Law No. 37 of 2018 on the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia states that the recommendation is mandatory, theombudsman's recommendations have not been implemented. This is due to differences in point of view, ie on the one hand in the context of law enforcement, but on the other hand the implementation of the recommendation is considered as a means of opening the disgrace of officials. Recommendations are the last alternative of Ombudsman's efforts to resolve the mal administration case, given that a win-win solution is the goal, then mediation becomes the main effort. This is in accordance with the condition of the Muslim majority of Indonesian nation and prioritizes deliberation in resolving dispute. Therefore, it is necessary to educate the community and officials related to the implementation of the Ombudsman's recommendations in order to provide good public services for the community, which is the obligation of the government.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-86
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Heyne

AbstractAlthough visual culture of the 21th century increasingly focuses on representation of death and dying, contemporary discourses still lack a language of death adequate to the event shown by pictures and visual images from an outside point of view. Following this observation, this article suggests a re-reading of 20th century author Elias Canetti. His lifelong notes have been edited and published posthumously for the first time in 2014. Thanks to this edition Canetti's short texts and aphorisms can be focused as a textual laboratory in which he tries to model a language of death on experimental practices of natural sciences. The miniature series of experiments address the problem of death, not representable in discourses of cultural studies, system theory or history of knowledge, and in doing so, Canetti creates liminal texts at the margins of western concepts of (human) life, science and established textual form.


Author(s):  
Caroline Durand

Al-Qusayr is located 40 km south of modern al-Wajh, roughly 7 km from the eastern Red Sea shore. This site is known since the mid-19th century, when the explorer R. Burton described it for the first time, in particular the remains of a monumental building so-called al-Qasr. In March 2016, a new survey of the site was undertaken by the al-‘Ula–al-Wajh Survey Project. This survey focused not only on al-Qasr but also on the surrounding site corresponding to the ancient settlement. A surface collection of pottery sherds revealed a striking combination of Mediterranean and Egyptian imports on one hand, and of Nabataean productions on the other hand. This material is particularly homogeneous on the chronological point of view, suggesting a rather limited occupation period for the site. Attesting contacts between Mediterranean merchants, Roman Egypt and the Nabataean kingdom, these new data allow a complete reassessment of the importance of this locality in the Red Sea trade routes during antiquity.


1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 2480-2492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soňa Přádná ◽  
Dušan Papoušek ◽  
Jyrki Kauppinen ◽  
Sergei P. Belov ◽  
Andrei F. Krupnov ◽  
...  

Fourier transform spectra of the ν2 band of PH3 have been remeasured with 0.0045 cm-1 resolution. Ground state combination differences from these data have been fitted simultaneously with the microwave and submillimeterwave data to determine the ground state spectroscopical parameters of PH3 including the parameters of the Δk = ± 3n interactions. The correlation between the latter parameters has been discussed from the point of view of the existence of two equivalent effective rotational operators which are related by a unitary transformation. The ΔJ = 0, +1, ΔK = 0 (A1 ↔ A2, E ↔ E) rotational transitions in the ν2 and ν4 states have been measured for the first time by using a microwave spectrometer and a radiofrequency spectrometer with acoustic detection.


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