scholarly journals Attitudes to Animals and Bullying among Teenagers

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-196
Author(s):  
I.V. Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Animal Violence ◽  
Cruelty To Animals ◽  
Victims Of Bullying

Objective of the study is to test the hypothesis about the connection between bullying and animal violence. Background. Several studies explore the link between aggressive behaviors in children and cruelty to animals. One the most typical aggression behavior for the Russian adolescents is bullying. The article seeks to understand if a cruelty to animals a significant predictor of bullying roles (victim, bully, witness). Study design. The study was conducted using a socio-psychological survey. Cruelty to animals was assessed with Cruelty to Animals Inventory, attitudes to animals were measured with Pet Attitudes Scale. Prevalence of bullying was estimated with Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire. Participants. The study included two samples. The first sample included 69 respondents (average age 13,7 years; 55% of males). The second — 96 respondents (average age 14,01 years; 74% of males). Methods. For data processing, mean comparisons (t-test, Wilcoxon test), chi-square test and regression analysis were applied in R 3.5.0 environment. Results. 44—53% of adolescents were cruel to animals at least once. 42% of adolescents were found to be victims of bullying, 20% — were bullies and 88% were witnesses. Girls were found to be bullies more frequently than boys. Cruelty to animals was a significant predictor only for the victim role, but not for bully or the witness role. Conclusions. Cruelty to animals can be an indicator of bullying in adolescence.

scholarly journals Seroepidemiological study of toxoplasmosis in women referred to a pre-marriage counseling center in Alborz Province, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melica Shahighi ◽  
Aliehsan Heidari ◽  
Hossein Keshavarz ◽  
Amir Bairami ◽  
Saeedeh Shojaee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Objectives The aim of the current study was to assess prevalence of Toxoplasma infection and its associated risk factors in women of childbearing-age in central Iran. Results Of 400 serum samples assessed for anti-T. gondii antibodies, 81 (20.25%) samples were positive for anti-T. gondii antibodies, including 74 positive samples (91.3%) for anti-T. gondii IgG and seven positive samples (8.7%) for IgG and IgM. Of seven IgG and IgM positive samples, five and two samples were high and low in IgG avidity, respectively. Based on PCR analysis, Toxoplasma infection was detected in one sample with anti-T. gondii IgM and low IgG avidity. The Chi-square test showed significant correlations of T. gondii seropositivity with history of undercooked meat consumption and contacts with cats (p < 0.05). In the present study, 79.75% of the participants were negative for IgG against T. gondii infection. Furthermore, recently acquired Toxoplasma infection was found using IgG avidity and PCR assays among women of childbearing-age in the study area, which would increase the risk of their fetus becoming infected. Educational program and antenatal screening of childbearing-age women for T. gondii infection may be important primary prevention strategies and help reduce the risk of congenital toxoplasmosis in this population.

Change in perception of sclerotherapy results after exposure to pre–post intervention photographs

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 282-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabricio R Santiago ◽  
Mario Piscoya ◽  
Yung-Wei Chi
Keyword(s):  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Venous Clinical Severity Score ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objective To evaluate patients’ self-perception of cosmetic improvement before and after they were presented with pre- and postprocedure photographs after sclerotherapy with 75% dextrose. Methods Treatments included sclerotherapy of reticular and varicose veins using 75% dextrose. All treated limbs were photographed and classified according to Clinical, Etiology, Anatomy, and Pathology classification and Venous Clinical Severity Score pre- and posttreatment. The patients were queried before and after viewing the photos during these visits and indicated if they were very unsatisfied, dissatisfied, satisfied, or very satisfied. Nonparametric kappa correlation coefficient and a Chi square test were used to measure associations among agreement (p < 0.05 indicated statistical significance). The paired Wilcoxon test was used to compare statistical differences in mean Venous Clinical Severity Scores measured at different times (p < 0.05 indicated statistical significance). Data were analyzed using STATA software (version 12). Results Individuals were more satisfied with the results of sclerotherapy after exposure to images portraying their limbs two months after the procedure (p = 0.0028). This effect was maintained six months after sclerotherapy (p = 0.0027). Conclusion Patient exposure to pre- and postsurgical photographs is a simple intervention with the potential of improving patient satisfaction up to six months after treatment with sclerotherapy.

scholarly journals The Perceived Demands of Ice Hockey Goaltending Movements on the Hip and Groin Region: An Elite Coach and Player Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 232596712110556
Author(s):  
Tobias Wörner ◽  
Ryan J. Frayne ◽  
Thomas Magnusson ◽  
Frida Eek
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Many ice hockey goaltending techniques force hip joints and groin muscles into extreme ranges of motion, which may increase the risk of hip and groin problems. Purpose: To explore how elite goaltenders and goaltending coaches perceive the demands of common goaltending techniques on the hip and groin region. We further explored differences in perception between goaltenders and their coaches as well as between junior (age <20 years) and senior (age ≥20 years) goaltenders. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey. Methods: We developed a model to categorize common ice hockey goaltending techniques into quantifiable units and invited elite goaltenders and coaches in Sweden to complete an online survey. Participants were asked to rate the perceived demands of each technique on the hip and groin using a Likert scale (not at all, slightly, somewhat, very, or extremely demanding). Using the chi-square test, the proportion of participants perceiving each technique as very or extremely demanding were compared between goaltenders and coaches as well as between senior and junior goaltenders. Results: We received responses from 132 goaltenders and 43 coaches. The stances most frequently perceived as very or extremely demanding were the reverse vertical horizontal post-play (40%) and the butterfly save (25%). Among transitions, movements into the post were most frequently rated as very or extremely demanding (11%–40%). Several techniques were perceived as demanding by a larger share of coaches than goaltenders (difference, 13%–46%; P < .001–.028) and a larger share of senior versus junior goaltenders (difference, 12%–20%; P = .13–.18). Conclusion: The post-play and the butterfly were the goaltending techniques most frequently perceived as demanding, and more coaches than goaltenders percieved these techniques demanding. The results of this study may inform injury prevention efforts for ice hockey goaltending.

scholarly journals Analysis of Scoring Sequences in Matches of the Portuguese Premier League

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-263
Author(s):  
José M. Pratas ◽  
Anna Volossovitch ◽  
Ana I. Carita
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Cox Model ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Premier League ◽  
Chi Square Test

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the sequences of the first two goals scored in soccer matches in accordance with a range of different match contexts. Data from 1506 matches played in the Portuguese Premier League during six consecutive competitive seasons (2009-10 to 2014-2015) were analysed using descriptive statistics and the chi-square test in order to verify the association between variables and a Cox regression analysis was used to predict the time the second goal was scored in function of the time of the first goal scored in the match and the scoreline. The results revealed a higher frequency of the second goals being scored in the second half of a match (58%) and in the last 5 min periods of each half. A positive association was found for home teams and score-doubling goals (58%), as well as for away teams and score-equalizing goals (56%). For home and away teams the score-doubling goal of a match was strongly and positively associated with a win outcome for home (93%) and away teams (92%), while the score-equalizing goals were associated with a draw (home and away teams: 44%) and loss outcome (home: 33% and away teams: 32%). Finally, the Cox model showed that if the first goal was scored in the second half of the match, the probability of the second goal being scored was three times higher compared to the first half.

scholarly journals Prevalência de lesões em atletas de Brazilian jiu-jitsu: comparação entre diferentes níveis competitivos

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Nelson da Silva Júnior ◽  
Rafael Lima Kons ◽  
Rodolfo André Dellagrana ◽  
Daniele Detanico
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Injury Occurrence ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Significance

This study aimed to identify types and sites of body injury, location of injury occurrence, and the mechanism and severity of injuries in novice and advanced Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) athletes. One hundred and eight BJJ athletes took part in this study separated in two groups: advanced (n = 53) and novice (n = 55). Athletes answered a questionnaire concerning regions of injury, locality of occurrence, injury severity and mechanism. Chi square test and a logistic regression analysis were used with the level of significance set at p < 0.05. The main results showed that shoulders and knees were the most injury location reported by novice and advanced athletes. Novice athletes demonstrated higher prevalence of injuries during training sessions (54.5%), whereas advanced athletes reported more injuries during competitions (66.1%). Significant associations between novice and advanced athletes were observed for major joints (p < 0.05). The odds ratio of having injury was 70-87% less for novice versus advanced athletes for the major joints cited. We concluded that BJJ athletes demonstrate high prevalence of injury mainly at knee and shoulder. While risk of injury appeared less in novice, the advanced demonstrated higher number of injuries during competitions as a consequence of injured joint keys. By contrast, novice athletes reported higher number of injuries associated with training sessions as a consequence of overuse.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Mobilisasi Dini terhadap Penyembuhan Luka dan Peningkatan Aktivitas Pasien Postoperasi Laparatomi

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Yuliana Yuliana ◽  
Andrew Johan ◽  
Nana Rochana
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Early Mobilization ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Increased Activity

Laparatomy is surgery of the abdomen to open the lining of the abdomen. The treatment reduces complications due to surgery, accelerates healing and restores the patient's function to the maximum extent possible before surgery. Returns physical function immediately after surgery with early mobilization. The purpose of this study was to look at the effect of early mobilization on wound healing and increased patient activity postoperatively in laparotomy. This type of research is quantitative with quasy eksperiment with control gruop designs. The number of samples was 88 Laparatomi patients, taken using purposive sampling technique. Tool of data using observation sheets. Data were analyzed using chi-square test and Wilcoxon test. The results of the study stated that there were significant differences between the control group and the intervention group on wound healing (p= 0.047) and on increased activity (p= 0.005). The results of the study it can be concluded that there is an influence of early mobilization on wound healing and increased patient activity. The results of this study recommend early mobilization using progressive mobility procedures in accordance with client activity intolerance

scholarly journals Decision-making process of tomatoes purchase by generation Z: case study in the Slovak Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-78
Author(s):  
Michaela Šugrova ◽  
Marek Plachy ◽  
Ľudmila Nagyova ◽  
Jozef Šumichrast
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Generation Z ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Scientific Hypotheses

The paper aims to investigate and assess the decision-making process of young Slovak consumers – generation Z – in the purchase of tomatoes. The respondents participatet in a questionnaire survey and blind testing of four tomato samples (two samples were Slovak and another two were foreign tomatoes). For a deeper analysis of the collected data, five scientific hypotheses were formulated. The accuracy of provided hypotheses was verified using the following mathematical-statistical methods: Chi-Square test of independence, Mann-Whitney U-test, and as Chi test for equality of proportions between two samples. The research results show that generation Z buys tomatoes once a week or several times a month. Moreover, it was found out that most young consumers are mostly influenced by freshness, taste, quality of tomatoes, and general appearance, the least by packaging, brand/specific tomato grower, information on the packaging and references. According to all observed attributes within the blind testing of tomato by the respondents, the best-evaluated sample was the Slovak sample of tomatoes – the sample B. Subsequently, all respondents were provided with information about the tested tomatoes, and it can be stated that they would also actually buy Slovak sample B in the store. Finally, one can state that the higher price of this sample has no significant impact on the respondents of generation Z.

scholarly journals Identifikasi Kekeliruan Penggunaan Metode Statistika pada Artikel yang Dimuat di Jurnal OJS Unud

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Putu Suciptawati
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract:  The statistical method plays a role in scientific research. Use of appropriate statistical methods in analyzing  data influences research conclusions. Misuse  statistical methods will lead to incorrect conclusions. This study aims to identify the misuse of statistical methods in articles published in the OJS UNUD Journals. We reviewed 97 articles from OJS UNUD Journals published in 2017. This study  found several  misuse statistical methods these included: misuse multiple linear regression analysis, generalize conclusions based on descriptive statistics, inappropriate use of  ANOVA, misinterpretation of negative correlation values, use of Chi square test for small samples, use of t-test two samples for observations with ordinal scale Keywords: statistical methods, misuse statistical, OJS UNUD Journal

scholarly journals One-sample two-smear versus two-sample two-smear approach for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
T. Jaya Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Sputum Sample ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
National Tuberculosis ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy of one-sputum sample two-smear approach for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from January 2012 to December 2015 were analyzed to find (1) number of smear positives (SPs) by spot (S) sample with one and two smears; (2) number of SPs by morning (M) sample with one and two smears; and (iii) number of SPs by two samples with two smears, that is, same-day (SS2) and spot morning (SM) approaches. The Chi-square test was used to evaluate the statistical difference in SP cases. RESULTS: With one-sample two-smear approach, the smear positivity (SPT) was 87% and 87.5%, for S and M samples, respectively, for Ziehl–Neelsen (ZN) staining; whereas, SPT was 96% and 97%, respectively, for S and M samples, for fluorescent staining (FS) technique. With two-sample two-smear approach, for ZN staining, SPT was 89% each and for FS technique, SPT was 97% and 99%, respectively, for SS2 and SM approaches. The difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05) between one- and two-sample approaches in the staining techniques. CONCLUSION: Significant number of SP cases are identified by S sample two-smear approach. Thus, the World Health Organization/Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme can initiate S sample two-smear approach for the diagnosis of PT.

Preoperative Gabapentin Administration and Its Impact on Postoperative Opioid Requirement and Pain in Sinonasal Surgery

2020 ◽  
pp. 019459982095280
Author(s):  
Amarbir S. Gill ◽  
Farrukh R. Virani ◽  
Joshua C. Hwang ◽  
Machelle D. Wilson ◽  
Angela M. Beliveau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Sinonasal Outcome Test ◽  
The Mean

Objective To determine the efficacy of preoperative gabapentin on patient-reported pain levels and postoperative opioid requirements following sinonasal surgery. Study Design Retrospective review. Setting Academic institution. Methods Patients undergoing sinonasal surgery between July 2019 and January 2020 were followed. Groups were divided into those that received 600 mg of oral gabapentin 1 hour preoperatively (gabapentin) and those that did not (control). Postoperatively, each patient was counseled to use acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and oxycodone as needed for pain control. Patients completed a daily postoperative pain and medication log. Pain was measured by the visual analog scale (VAS) and opioid use by morphine equivalent dose (MED). Chi-square test and Wilcoxon test were used for data analysis. Results Fifty-seven patients were included (control, n = 28; gabapentin, n = 29). There was no significant difference in age, sex, or baseline Sinonasal Outcome Test–22 scores between the groups. The total MED, postoperative day (POD) 1-2 MED, POD 3-4 MED, and POD 5-6 MED did not differ significantly between the control (17.9, 12.2, 4.6, 1.5) and gabapentin (19.0, 8.9, 7.2, 3.5) groups ( P = .98, .25, .16, .44). The mean daily VAS score did not differ significantly between the control (3.1) and gabapentin (2.8) groups ( P = .81). The mean daily VAS score decreased significantly in both groups with each successive POD ( P = .004). Conclusion Preoperative gabapentin did not significantly reduce postoperative pain or opioid use. Postoperative discomfort following sinonasal surgery is mild, and opioid intake is minimal.

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