ASSESSMENT OF CLUSTERING POTENTIAL OF MANUFACTURING SECTOR OF VITEBSK REGION

2019 ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Elena Kostuchenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Industrial Cluster ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The theoretical foundations of clusters are studied. The impact of clusters to the competitiveness of organizations is revealed. The structural elements of clusters have been identified. The definition of innovation-industrial cluster is proposed. Widely used method for identifying clusters are listed. The assessment of clustering potential of manufacturing sector of Vitebsk region is made on the basis of the analysis of the coefficients of localization by types of economic activity, per capita production by types of economic activity and specialization of the region on the given type of economic activity.

scholarly journals THE CONTRIBUTION OF MIGRATION TO ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE EXAMPLE OF THE CITY OF ZAGREB

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinko Miličević ◽  
Danijel Knežević ◽  
Zoran Bubaš
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
European Union ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The problems in this paper belong to the field of migration and economy. The connection between migration and the economy has been proven on a global level, and as far as the Republic of Croatia is concerned, it is especially important to observe it through the City of Zagreb, which is the most important migration and economic center in the Republic of Croatia. Also, the accession of the Republic of Croatia to the European Union emphasized the observation and research of this connection because it created the preconditions for freer movement and employment of the population of the Republic of Croatia and the City of Zagreb within the European Union. The aim of this paper is to determine the contribution of migration to the economic growth of the City of Zagreb. The hypothesis presented in the paper is that there is a significant contribution of migration to the economic growth of the City of Zagreb. The disposition of the paper consists of six parts. The introduction explains the relevance of the topic, states the aim of the paper and hypotheses, explains the empirical part, the contribution of the paper and the disposition. The second part of the paper refers to the theoretical framework of the impact of migration on economic growth. The third part of the paper presents the migration processes of the City of Zagreb in the period from 2011 to 2018. The fourth part deals with economic activity in the City of Zagreb in the period from 2011 to 2017. The observed indicators of economic activity in the City of Zagreb are GDP and GDP per capita, and the graph in this part of the paper shows that GDP and GDP per capita in the observed period are higher at the end of the period than at the beginning. The fifth part of the paper refers to the empirical research of the contribution of migration to the economic growth of the City of Zagreb. The empirical part of the paper is based on correlations and regression analyses. This paper proves the hypothesis because the results indicate a significant impact of the variables of total and external migration on the GDP of the City of Zagreb and GDP per capita of the City of Zagreb. Decision-makers in the City of Zagreb can use the results of the research as a basis for maximizing the economic benefits they can get from migration. The conclusion provides an overview of the aim of the work, the results of the research, the limitations, the implications and the recommendations for future research.

scholarly journals The Evolution of Economic Activity in the Rural Area of Region 2 South - East

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Daniela – Lavinia Balasan ◽  
Dragoş Horia Buhociu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Economic Growth Rate ◽  
Current State ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

When we talk about economic development, we can refer to improve the standard of living and the prosperity of the population. This is due by increasing per capita income. In order to analyze economic activity, severe indicators must be studied, namely productivity, economic growth rate, labour force share, gross domestic product. In order to carry out as accurate an analysis as possible, it is required to discover the bottlenecks and problems that Region 2 South East makes and to develop a set of reservations and indications leading to the reduction and, why not, the removal of negative aspects. The main purpose of this work is to achieve a strategic plan by studying the current state and the impact of the economic system in recent times in all its forms, with a view to the development of the countryside of Region 2 South – East. I set out to create a website based on the advice of small rural entrepreneurs that evolves gathering information in realistically identifying all the strengths and concentrating them in the region’s potential innovation.

Poverty issues, including the working poverty in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2294-2312
Author(s):  
Tat'yana A. ZHURAVLEVA ◽  
Anastasiya E. ZUBANOVA ◽  
Yuliya S. SOROKVASHINA
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
The State ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Subsistence Minimum ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Working Poverty ◽  
The Impact

Subject. The poverty of the population with all features and factors of its manifestation causes deep structural problems that affect the development of the national economy. Objectives. The aim of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the poverty of the population category, using statistical data, identification of causes of the gap in the level of salaries of Russian and foreign specialists, determination of factors that have the greatest impact on the development of working poverty in Russia. Methods. The study draws on methods of logical and statistical analysis. Results. We considered approaches to the definition of poverty in Russia and other countries, analyzed absolute and relative poverty in Russia, the impact of subsistence minimum on the definition of poverty, assessed nominal and real incomes of the population. The ratio of the average per capita income of the population and the subsistence minimum decreased over the past decade, however, the poverty was not overcome during this period. The per capita income in Russia turned out to be low, real incomes continue to decline. Due to the ongoing coronavirus pandemic, a decline in wages can be traced, both in space and in time. Conclusions. Worsening the poverty situation in the country creates a chain of problems related to the distrust of the State policy in the social and labor spheres, expanded production slowdown, an increase in social tension in the society. A reduction of working poverty should be a priority task for the State.

scholarly journals Curva de Kuznets Ambiental y determinantes de las emisiones de C02 en Ecuador: un enfoque de cointegración

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 6453-6474
Author(s):  
Leobaldo Enrique Molero Oliva ◽  
Tanya Shyrna Andino Chancay ◽  
Mayra Iveth Párraga Mogrovejo ◽  
Holger Esteban Álava Martínez ◽  
Holger Fabrizzio Bejarano Copo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Environmental Deterioration ◽  
The Face ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

La hipótesis de la Curva de Kuznets Ambiental es de gran importancia para comprender la relación entre la actividad económica y la degradación ambiental. Dada la situación actual de cambio climático y crisis ambiental, se ha vuelto importante investigar el impacto de la expansión económica en el medio ambiente.  El presente estudio tiene como objetivo comprobar la hipótesis de una CKA para Ecuador, para lo cual se estima un modelo empírico que permite identificar los principales determinantes de corto y largo plazo de las emisiones de dióxido de carbono per cápita como medida del deterioro ambiental para el período 1965-2019. La metodología propuesta está sustentada en el enfoque de cointegración de Pesaran y Shin (1999) en el marco de un modelo autorregresivo de rezagos distribuidos (ARDL). Los resultados confirman la relevancia del impacto del nivel de desarrollo o ingreso, apertura económica, precio del petróleo y consumo de energía primaria en relación con las emisiones per cápita de dióxido de carbono; asimismo, se verifica la CKA, lo que implica que el deterioro ambiental es una función creciente del nivel de actividad económica hasta un determinado nivel crítico de renta, que se ubicó en 3.688,6 USD a precios constante. Despues de ese nivel, el crecimiento se asocia con niveles progresivamente mayores de calidad ambiental. Sin embargo, las emisiones pueden incrementarse ante variaciones en el precio del petróleo y el consumo de emergería primaria. De este modo, se concluye que un crecimiento más elevado a corto plazo puede acelerar la transición del país hacia niveles de ingreso compatibles con menores emisiones.   The Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis is of great importance for understanding the relationship between economic activity and environmental degradation. Given the current situation of climate change and environmental crisis, it has become important to investigate the impact of economic expansion on the environment. The present study aims to test the hypothesis of a CKA for Ecuador, for which an empirical model is estimated that allows identifying the main short and long-term determinants of per capita carbon dioxide emissions as a measure of environmental deterioration for the period 1965-2019. The proposed methodology is based on the cointegration approach of Pesaran and Shin (1999) within the framework of an autoregressive model of distributed lags (ARDL). The results confirm the relevance of the impact of the level of development or income, economic openness, oil price and primary energy consumption in relation to per capita emissions of carbon dioxide; Likewise, the CKA is verified, which implies that environmental deterioration is a growing function of the level of economic activity up to a certain critical income level, which was located at USD 3,688.6 at constant prices. After that level, growth is associated with progressively higher levels of environmental quality. However, emissions may increase in the face of variations in the price of oil and consumption of primary emergencies. In this way, it is concluded that higher growth in the short term can accelerate the country's transition towards income levels compatible with lower emissions.

scholarly journals Models of evaluating the impact of changes technological and industrial areas in enterprise development

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (40) ◽  
pp. 253-264
Author(s):  
Roman Sherstiuk ◽  
Eduard Malevski ◽  
Nataliia Marynenko ◽  
Olha Pavlykivska ◽  
Liliya Melnyk
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Enterprise Development ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Industrial Areas ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Artificial Changes

In this paper, the authors demonstrated that the industrial enterprises development is impossible without evaluating changes that occur with technological and manufacturing sector enterprises by external and internal factors. As a result of this study on the ratio of different types of external and internal changes, the authors developed a classification of typical situations in which the technological and production sphere of the enterprise. To address the evaluation of changes in the paper developed a set of models assessing the impact of natural and artificial changes to enterprise development based on consideration of the consequences of different rates of technological and industrial areas researched the company and its competitors and provides a definition of the type of the current situation in which the industrial an enterprise that provides grounds for the development of appropriate strategies and measures for its development.

scholarly journals Economic content of innovations and the principles of their implementation in agricultural enterprises

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Khalatur
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Laws Of Nature ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Subject of research is the economic content of innovation in agriculture. Purpose of the study is to consider the economic essence of innovation, outline the problems of the development of innovative activities of agricultural enterprises. Methods of research. The article uses a set of scientific methods of scientific research. The following research methods were used to write the article: logical generalization - to assess trends in the formation of the economic content of innovations in agricultural enterprises, as well as in the formation of a mechanism for managing the innovative process of an agricultural enterprise; dialectical and historical - in the study of scientific approaches to the formation of the economic content of innovations of the subject of economic activity, the generalization of foreign experience in securing business and the identification of conceptual approaches to taking into account the impact of threats on the innovative activities of the agricultural enterprise. Results of research. Challenges of modern times exert pressure on agriculture: population growth, the effects of climate change, the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture, economic development and the growing instability associated with land, water and energy shortages. This scenario enhances the critical role of innovation to make agriculture a more competitive and sustainable industry. The article reveals the economic content of innovations as a category of economy and features of the functioning of innovations in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine, as well as the author's definition of the term "innovation". The main features of the innovation process are considered. Application of results. The results of this study can be applied in the practice of financial and economic activity of agricultural enterprises. Conclusions. Our analysis of professional literary sources and the scientific generalization of the existing views on the disclosure of the economic content of the term "innovation" have allowed us to state that, first, there is no conventional interpretation that would cover its most significant qualitative characteristics, and secondly, the main discussions of this issues focus mainly on three conceptual directions. Determining the specific features of bringing innovation to the consumer, it is customary to talk about innovation activity or innovation process as a process of transforming knowledge into innovation, passing the following stages: "science - technology - production - consumption". So the basic condition for the effective functioning of agricultural production is the expanded reproduction that occurs in the interaction of economic and natural-biological processes. Therefore, in the management of innovations need to take into account the requirements not only economic laws, but also the laws of nature: equivalence, indispensability and a combination of life factors, laws of minimum, optimum and maximum.

scholarly journals ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТОРГОВОГО БАЛАНСУ НІМЕЧЧИНИ В УМОВАХ КРИЗОВОГО І ПОСТКРИЗОВОГО РОЗВИТКУ СВІТОВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
А. В. Артьомова
Keyword(s):  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The State ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Scientific World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Impact

Formulation of the problem. Taking into account the tendencies of globalization of financial markets and economic relations as a whole, as well as the causes and consequences of the global financial crisis, the study of balance of payments balances become more and more relevant. The purpose of the research is to justify the theoretical basis of the formation of the balance of payments; studying the concepts and models of regulation of the balance of payments of the state; definition of structural elements and clarification of the macroeconomic value of the balance of payments; substantiation of directions of balancing the balance of international settlements; studying the impact of macroeconomic policy on the country's balance of payments; the formation of a strategy for reducing the deficit of the balance of payments. The object of research is the model of regulation of the balance of payments of the state. The methodological basis of the study was the methods and principles of the scientific knowledge of general and special methods and techniques used in the regulation and definition of the structural elements of the balance of payments. The hypothesis of the research is the assumption that for Germany's prosperity, analyzing the structure of GDP by industries over the past ten years, in the future it is necessary to focus on the development of those industries in which employment slightly decreased over the analyzed period. The statement of basic materials. The article deals with the origin of the concept of "balance of payments" in its modern sense. We studied countries that were forced to publish the balance of payments due to the emergence of inflationary processes. The trade balance of Germany in the conditions of crisis and post-crisis development of the world economy is investigated. The originality and practical significance of the research. It should be noted that in the scientific world there is a discussion on determining the main factors and the nature of their impact on the balance of payments of the country, as well as the causes of deficits in the balance of payments. Conclusions of the research . In this paper, approaches to a comprehensive assessment of the equilibrium of the balance of payments of the states are proposed on the basis of comparative analysis of the three groups of indicators. According to the results of the approbation of this approach, the balance of payment balances of the world's largest economies was assessed.

METHODS OF PROJECT-VECTOR MANAGEMENT OF EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-31
Author(s):  
А. Biloshchytskyi ◽  
S.  Omirbayev ◽  
A.  Mukhatayev
Keyword(s):  
Vector Space ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Maximum Expansion ◽  
Educational Environments ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Vector Management ◽  
Project Integration ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given

Based on the developed mathematical model of the project-vector space, the methods of determining the endpoints of the objects of the project-vector space (PVS) and the calculation of the trajectory of the movement to these points are proposed. It is shown that the problem of developing these methods is related to the definition of such projects (project integration), which will correspond to the maximum expansion of “Universal Projects” educational environment. Calculation of the trajectory of the movement in the project-vector space ensures the achievement of the objectives of the project with minimal time and financial resources. It is proposed to use the Monte Carlo method to calculate the options for the trajectory of PVS subjects. This distribution of probabilities when choosing the displacement of objects and subjects of PVS corresponds to the priority of subjects and the impact of objects on the displacement of these subjects. For the assessment of the magnitude of the impact on the movement of PVS subjects it was developed the structure of the expert table and the model of the calculation of the average expert assessment of such an impact. Implementation of the given methods will allow to dynamically evaluate the most important goals for all interested parties of the project, as well as to develop ways to achieve them in real terms. In this case, the real conditions of the projects are described in the system of impact on the movement of objects and subjects of PVS in the expanding “Universal Projects”.

OUTSOURCING AND FRAGMENTATION IN SINGAPORE'S MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (03) ◽  
pp. 539-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHANDRE M. THANGAVELU ◽  
MUN HENG TOH ◽  
KWAN KEE NG
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
It Services ◽  
Business Services ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Industrial Level ◽  
The Impact

This paper studies the impact of outsourcing on productive performance of manufacturing industries in Singapore. The paper develops an outsourcing measure based on the narrow definition of intermediate imports given by Feenstra and Hanson (1996, 1999). Based on the input-output tables, the study uses 5-digit industrial-level classifications to measure the impact of outsourcing on productivity of the manufacturing industries in Singapore from 1995–2004. The outsourcing measure is further decomposed by import of services, import of IT services and import of business services. This decomposition allows us to study the impact of outsourcing of services in addition to the cross-border fragmentation of products and components. The results suggest strong positive impact of cross-border sourcing on the productivity of the manufacturing sector. The decomposition of outsourcing measure indicates that the manufacturing industries are more involved in cross-border sourcing of services, particularly in business services.

scholarly journals The use of the term compliance in order to improve the efficiency of companies

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 04010
Author(s):  
Ilya Samatovich Iksanov ◽  
Elena Pavlovna Panova ◽  
Natalia Nikolaevna Frolova ◽  
Natalia Yuryevna Filimonova ◽  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Shanin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
State Control ◽  
Compliance Control ◽  
Legal Entity ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Definition Of

The purposes of the study are: to reveal the meaning of the term “compliance”; to define the use of the term “compliance” in the Russian environment; to determine how the term “compliance” functions in Russian legislation; to find out what different definitions, functions, and scope of use of compliance can be found in the legal field. The article discusses the importance of compliance in various fields: legal, economic, and management. In Russian legislation, the definition of the term “compliance” is not disclosed or applied more locally. Based on the Russian and Western definitions of the concept, this article offers an interpretation of the “compliance” definition. The article analyzes compliance procedures that should not only monitor compliance with current legislation, but also act as a risk-oriented model and take into account factors that affect the implementation of any type of economic activity. In order to reduce possible business risks and comply with legislation on the part of organizations, and to address the issue of responsibility of entrepreneurs on the part of state control and Supervisory authorities, it is necessary to implement a compliance system. The main principles for implementing compliance control are also highlighted. Compliance control should apply not only to a legal entity and its structural elements, but also to a group of individuals. The implementation of compliance control is important not only for business entities, but also for state control and Supervisory organizations, since compliance control allows you to determine the integrity of a business in carrying out its commercial activities, and is also a mitigating circumstance in determining responsibility and punishment.

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