scholarly journals Gene doping and bioethics: legal regulation. Prospects, forecasts, obstacles

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
O. A. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
National Level ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Gene Doping ◽  
Ethical Point ◽  
Genetic Science

The article analyzes the correlation between the development of genetic science and bioethics issues. In the context of the rapid and steady development of genetic engineering and biomedicine, there is a lag in legal research in this area. Determining the vector of development of legal regulation of gene therapy and gene doping is currently one of the most important issues of modern science, which needs to be resolved from a legal and ethical point of view. In regulatory legal acts in the field of international sports and at the national level, a ban on the use of gene doping has been established, as well as responsibility for its use is provided. However, the measures taken are not enough.The article considers some existing problematic aspects of the correlation between the development of genetic science and bioethics and suggests ways to solve them. Thus, it is proposed to build a system of principles for preventing and countering the use of the gene doping method and to differentiate the concepts of gene therapy and gene doping in order to comply with the principles of Olympism and preserve the health of future generations.

FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF LEGAL REGULATION OF THE FIGHT AGAINST FAKE NEWS

2021 ◽  
pp. 154-164
Author(s):  
Anna S. Zueva ◽  
◽  
Liana A. Makaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Significant Information

The article describes the role of the Internet in the modern information society. The negative consequences of the openness of this information and telecommunications network are studied. The paper also substantiates the consequences of the activities of anonymous users who commit offenses. The authors consider the experience of combating fake news in developed countries (Great Britain, Germany, France) and emerging markets (Brazil, Venezuela, Egypt, Qatar, China, Singapore, Turkey). Special attention is paid to such a new phenomenon in the field of spreading false information as "deepfakes". As a result of a comparative legal analysis of regulation in the field of countering the publication of information that does not correspond to reality in online publications, it is concluded that many countries have realized the importance of the threat of spreading fake news. Foreign legislation is formed from the point of view of creating preventive measures in the field of dissemination of unreliable socially significant information. In addition, the authors of the study noted that the adoption of legal measures to combat the spread of fake news at the national level helps to minimize the negative socially significant consequences of the activities of offenders. From this point of view, these actions are absolutely justified and have a positive impact on the regulation of public relations on the Internet.

Rifiuti e Societŕ

2009 ◽  
pp. 115-145
Author(s):  
Marco Ettore Grasso
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Law ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
World Health ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Ethical Point ◽  
Rubbish Dumps ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Italian Territory

- The expression "garbage emergency", used in Italy to describe an uncontrolled accumulating of garbage on the Italian territory, and the growing presence in the global society of many rubbish dumps, quite often illegal, are a concern for a serious social alarm, suggesting to the whole of humanity to pay particular attention to the environmental policy regarding garbage. The following paper will stress the relationship existing between garbage and society, with a particular reference to the relationship connected to garbage and human health, analyzed in the light of accurate studies carried out by the World Health Organization (WHO). In the territory of Campania Region (Italy), several forms of protest seem to have taken the place of important democratic ways of participation. In relation to the situation in Campania, this paper will particularly examine three types of inhabitants protest. Moreover, it is important to stress that each day every human being produces a considerable quantity of garbage; hence, it becomes a duty emphasizing the sustainability in the production of the same garbage. In this regard, in the current legislation there are certain principles, worthy of relevance from a social-ethical point of view. In this perspective, the position of the future generations is significant, just like the role practiced by the environmental law; in this respect, finally, a brief discussion concerning some studies of philosophic-environmental nature will follow.

scholarly journals Ethics and legal aspects of the right to die with dignity

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-230
Author(s):  
Ivana Mirevska
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Right To Die ◽  
Passive Euthanasia ◽  
Personality Rights ◽  
Ethical Point ◽  
Desire To Die ◽  
The Right ◽  
Active And Passive Euthanasia

Euthanasia is in liaison with ethics and law. This paper, which aims to contribute to the expert public debate on the introduction of euthanasia into Serbian legislation, the term terminology - euthanasia (as the Right to Die with Dignity) is the first to have been terminologically clarified. Furthermore, the text considers the obligations of other persons, arising out of this right and under what conditions the obligations of other persons arising from the said right constitute a restriction of their personality rights. By citing examples in the field of ethics and law, the text notes that the distinction between active and passive euthanasia is in fact a product of inadequate thinking in the implementation of this distinction. Based on the ethical argumentation of the double effect, also the text points to the inadequacy of the ethical approach in the function of legal regulation of the problem of euthanasia. Using abundant literature, which, from the legal and ethical point of view, problematizes euthanasia, the author has come to conclusion that the right to dignity is a social value that needs to be lawfully formulated, so that possible abuses can be prevented - and at the same time avoiding burdening the burden of responsibility to other persons (whether or not these are subjects of the judiciary or medicine), who should implement the patient's desire to die with dignity. Also, the author sought to base this article on the belief that Serbian legislation should legally shape the conditions for active direct euthanasia.

scholarly journals Assessment of risks of deformations in the state-legal sphere and public relations in connection with uncontrolled development of «knowledge zones»: statement of the contemporary issues

2019 ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
Elena Skourko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Free Movement ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Legal Principle ◽  
Data Banks ◽  
The Eu

The problem of risks in law attracts attention of legal scholars. This paper addresses the problem of legal regulation in connection with risk management in terms of the formation of “knowledge zones” as relatively isolated “data banks” and/or social network structures, which operate on the legal principle of free movement of knowledge (both partially or completely implemented), and which, due to their nature and other contemporary circumstances, are significantly beyond due verification neither from the point of view of objective contents, nor from the point of view of the actors subjected to them, including the legal sphere. The work was prepared in terms of project no. 18-29-15014 RFBR “Efficiency of legal regulation of formation of “knowledge zone” of integration associations of the States (on the example of comparative legal research of the EU and the EAEU)”.

ETHICAL BOUNDARIES OF THE LEGAL REGULATION OF GENOME SEQUENCING IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 458-463
Author(s):  
T. G. Suranova ◽  
G. N. Suvorov ◽  
S. S. Zenin
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Full Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Ethical Point ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
First Time

The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the need to resolve ethical problems that arise in the framework of legal regulation of genome-wide sequencing in Russia and foreign countries. The purpose of this research is to form ethical principles that should become a reference point for law - making in this area. In order to achieve this goal, we have solved the tasks of studying the normative legal acts of Russia and a number of foreign countries from an ethical point of view. General scientific, private scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge (system-structural, formal-legal) are used. In order to comply with the ethical boundaries of legal regulation, to store access and protect full-genome sequencing data in Russia and foreign countries, it is proposed to develop a set of restrictions that prevent possible discrimination on genetic grounds, to create the necessary conditions for the inadmissibility of disclosure of personalized data, disclosure of information about a genetic disease to the subject and his relatives, as well as the boundaries of editing the genome of a human embryo. For the first time, the authors substantiate the need to establish clear ethical boundaries in the implementation of genome-wide sequencing in Russia based on foreign experience.

scholarly journals The Ethical Desirability of Geoengineering: Challenges to Justice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augustine Pamplany
Keyword(s):  
Food Justice ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Solar Radiation Management ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Risk Transfer ◽  
Ethical Point ◽  
Dangerous Climate Change ◽  
Radiation Management ◽  
Agriculture And Food

Geoengineering or climate engineering is defined as a deliberate and intentional intervention into the earth system to combat dangerous climate change. Solar Radiation Management (SRM) and Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) are two dominant approaches in geoengineering. From an ethical point of view, both these approaches pose serious challenges to justice from the intergenerational, distributive and procedural point of view. Intergenerational equity and the risk-transfer to future generations suggest major challenges to justice in geoengineering. Abdicating our responsibility is a form of injustice to future generations. Unequal distribution of cost and benefits and benefits and harms is a major challenge to distributive justice in SRM. Paying compensation to those harmed by SRM is presented as a way out of ethical deliberations. But there are serious challenges with regard to compensation for SRM, such as, who ought to pay the compensation, who are the beneficiaries and how much to pay. Participation across vulnerable sections alongside indigenous people and their central involvement remains a concern of procedural justice. Food justice is at stake as the adverse impact of SRM on agriculture and food production is considered to be a major challenge.

SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTEMPORARY POLITICAL AND LEGAL DISCOURSE OF ETHNIC AND NATIONAL CONFLICTS IN RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
ANDREY KURIUKIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Legal Discourse ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Soviet Society ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
New Research ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Developing System

The issue of ethnic relations and the conflicts generated by them is acutely relevant. Many branches and directions of modern science study it. Political science and jurisprudence are in the foreground of the modern study of ethno-national conflictology. Over a long period of research, they have developed several influential approaches that have become widespread. The growing complexity of the surrounding political and legal reality, the escalation of conflict in society, including ethno-national, require the search and application of new research paradigms. One of these is the analysis of political and legal discourse, which consists in studying the ways of how legal meanings, ideas, opinions and preferences, which are carried by legislators, are technically and meaningfully embodied in the texts of normative acts, subsequently forming a specific political and legal reality. Analyzing the domestic ethno-conflictological political and legal discourse, the author concludes that in the era of the Russian Empire, the legalization of ethno-national relations had little attention from legislators, the documents adopted in the 19th century carried widespread ideas of the legislative theory and existed unchanged until 1917. The basic paradigm of the Soviet political and legal regulation of ethno-national relations was the ideological dogmas of the theorists of Marxism-Leninism, within which, in Soviet society, such a phenomenon as an ethno-national conflict was denied, but, in fact, existed. At the present stage, after the acute events of the second half of the 1980s - 1990s, a serious system of political and legal regulation of ethno-national relations was developed. It bore fruit. Today, the domestic political and legal regulation of ethno-national relations has the character of a developing system designed to adequately respond to changes. The article can be used to improve the state social and legal policy of the Russian Federation. Also, the materials presented can provide the interest of students, graduate students, teachers, researchers and other people who are interested in the current social, political and legal development of Russia.

Hubungan Kemendagri dan Kemendes dalam Tata Desa dan Administrasi Desa

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-97
Author(s):  
Sarip Sarip ◽  
Nur Rahman ◽  
Rohadi Rohadi
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Relationship

This article aims to explore the relationship between the Ministry of Home Affairs (Kemendagri) and the Ministry of Villages (Kemendes) from theconstitutional law and state administrative law point of view.The second concerns of this research is the disharmony and problem between the two ministries.From the constitutional law point of view, it turns out that what the Ministry of Home Affairs is doing, is closer to the object of its discussion. The method used in this research is normative legal research bycomparingthe constitutional law and state administrative law to obtain clarity regarding the Ministry of Home Affairs and Ministry of Village. The result shows that the Ministry of Village approached the science of state administrative law, namely to revive or give spirits to the village. Disharmonization began to exist since the inception of the Ministry of Village. The root of disharmony itself was the improper application of constitutional foundations in the formation of the Village Law. It would be better if the government reassess the constitutional foundation for the village.

РЕЛИГИЯ И НАУКА: КОНФЛИКТ ИЛИ ДИАЛОГ? (ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ МИРОВОЗЗРЕНЧЕСКИХ И СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ ПРОТИВОРЕЧИЙ В РОССИЙСКОМ ОБЩЕСТВЕ)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
G. E. Bokov
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Official Position ◽  
The Face

The article is devoted to the study of the worldviews and social contradictions in Russian society on the example of two different positions on the relationship between religion and science. According to one of these positions these relationships are defined as conflict. The second, opposing point of view says there never was and there cannot be any conflict between religion and science. In the publication such points are called “the paradigm of conflict” and “the paradigm of dialogue”. It shows, the first “paradigm” in the Soviet period of Russian history was determined by ideologization of science and was an important part of anti-religious propaganda. On the contrary, “the paradigm of dialogue” has always been represented primarily by religious thinkers. Today it is the official position of the Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate. The official Church document “The Basis of the Social Concept” says religion and science are designed to complement each other, especially in solving ethical problems that inevitably arise in the face of modern science. However, secular scientists often see in such statements the Church’s claims to active participation in the public life, including the educational process. Representatives of the academic community often speak out against the introduction of the theological educational programs and the theological departments in secular Universities of the Russian Federation. Thus, in contemporary Russian society some continue to believe that there is a conflict between religion and science, while others insist on the need for dialogue.

О вопросах фольклоризма в письменной литературе

2019 ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
Суусар Искендерова
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Folk Songs ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scientific Term ◽  
Literature Culture ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Аннотация: Исследование проблемы фольклоризма является наиболее актуальной в современной науке о фольклоре. На разных этапах развития художественной литературы для формирования индивидуального творчества писателя особенно значимым становятся фольклорные жанры, сюжетные мотивы и художественные средства. В статье рассматривается связь письменной литературы и фольклора, особенно точка зрения проблеме фольклоризма в прошлом и их анализ. Термин «фольклоризм» начал использоваться советскими исследователями учеными как научный термин еще в 1930-х гг. Термин «фольклоризм» используется в различных сферах культуры, а в этой статье мы будем рассматривать в литературе. Несмотря на то, что на протяжении многих лет этот вопрос изучается литературоведами, фольклористами, все -таки нет единого теоретического определения понятия. Ключевые слова: фольклор, фольклоризм, литература, культура, письменная литература, художественная литература, оседлый народ, пословицы и поговорки, фольклорные песни. Аннотация: Көркөм адабияттын өнүгүүсүнүн ар кайсы баскычтарында сүрөткердин жеке чыгармачылыгынын калыптанышы үчүн фольклордук жанрлар, сюжеттер, мотивдер жана көркөм каражаттар айрыкча мааниге ээ. Макалада жазма адабият менен фольклордук карым-катышы, айрыкча фольклоризм маселеси жөнүндө мурдагы көз караштарга кайрылып, аларга талдоо жүргүзүү менен бирге автор өз байкоолорунда келтирет. “Фольклоризм” деген илимий термин 1930-жылы баштап колдонула баштаган. “Фольклоризм” термини маданияттын түрдүү сфераларында кеңири колдо- нулат, бул жерде адабияттагы колдонулушун каралат. Макалада адабий материал менен фольклордук байланышын терең түшүнүү үчүн адабий фольклоризм маселесинин талаштуу жактары каралат. Түйүндүү сөздөр: фольклор, фольклоризм, адабият, маданият, жазма адабият, көркөм адабият, көчмөн калк, макал-лакап, фольклордук ырлар. Annotation: The study of the problem of folklore is the most relevant in the modern science of folklore. At various stages in the development of fiction, folklore genres, plot motifs, and artistic means become especially significant for the formation of the writer's individual creativity. The article examines the relationship between written literature and folklore, especially the point of view of the problem of folklorism in the past and their analysis. The term "folklorism" began to be used by Soviet scholars as a scientific term back in the 1930s. The term "folklorism" is used in various fields of culture, and in this article we will consider in the literature. Despite the fact that for many years this issue has been studied by literary scholars, folklorists, all the same there is no single theoretical definition of the concept. Keywords: folklore, folklorism, literature, culture, written literature, fiction, settled people, proverbs and sayings, folk songs.

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