scholarly journals Prof. P. Dubois. Imagination as a cause of illness. Psycho-therapeutic library V. Authorized translation. Moscow. 1912 Publishing house "Science"

1912 ◽  
Vol XIX (3) ◽  
pp. 673-675
Author(s):  
E. Dobrovolskii
Keyword(s):  
Publishing House ◽  
The Body ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

In the first part of his book, the author gives a definition of what an imaginary illness is, gives a brief history of its development, acquaints the reader with the process of the emergence of representations, while emphasizing what role imagination plays in this process; A number of examples and references to Freud are provided as proof that imagination, especially in people of little intelligence, is the cause of various disorders in the body.

The Debate about methodus medendi during the Second Half of the Seventeenth Century in England

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 339-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Crignon
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ancient Medicine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Ancient Philosopher ◽  
Active Investigation

Following a recent trend in the field of the history of philosophy and medicine, this paper stresses the necessity of recognizing empiricism’s patent indebtedness to the sciences of the body. While the tribute paid to the Hippocratic method of observation in the work of Thomas Sydenham is well known, it seems necessary to take into account a trend more critical of ancient medicine developed by followers of chemical medicine who considered the doctrine of elements and humours to be a typical example of the idols that hinder the improvement of medical knowledge and defend the necessity of experimentation (comparative anatomy, dissection, autopsy, chemical analysis of bodies). In light of the fact that modern discoveries (blood circulation, the lymphatic system, theory of fevers) resulted in a “new frame of human nature,” they developed a critical reading of ancient empiricism. As a consequence, we can distinguish between two distinct anti-speculative traditions in the genesis of philosophical empiricism. The first (which includes Bacon, Boyle and Willis) recommends an active investigation into nature and refers to the figure of Democritus, the ancient philosopher who devoted himself to the dissection of beasts. Defenders of this first tradition refuse point-blank to be called ‘empiricists’, a label which had a very negative meaning during the seventeenth century, when it was used to dismiss charlatans and quacks. The other tradition (including Sydenham and Locke), stressing as it does the role of description and observation, is more sceptical of the ability of dissection or anatomy to give us access to causes of diseases. This later tradition comes closer to the definition of ancient empiricism and to the figure of Hippocrates.


scholarly journals On the Development of Palinurus vulgaris, the Rock Lobster or Sea Crayfish

1891 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Extremity ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rock Lobster ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Comparative Embryology

1. Historical Review.The history of our knowledge of this subject is complicated and curious, and is not quite correctly narrated in any English publication, not even by Balfour in his account of the development of Crustacea (Comparative Embryology, vol. i). The story begins with the establishment and definition of the genus Phyllosoma by Leach in 1818. Various succeeding zoologists included descriptions of species of Phyllosoma in their works, but the result of all previous investigations are included by Milne Edwards in the comprehensive account of the genus given in his Hist. Nat. des Crustacés, vol. ii, 1837. The state of knowledge at that time may be briefly summarised as follows:—The Crustaceans known by the name Phyllosoma had been found near the surface of the ocean in various parts of the world. They varied in size from less than half an inch to two inches. They were, when alive, of glassy transparency; the body was remarkably flat, and expanded horizontally, while the limbs were long, slender, and biramous. The body consisted of three parts; firstly, a head having the form of an oval leaf, bearing at its anterior extremity a pair of eyes on long stalks and two pairs of simple antennæ. The mouth was situated beneath the middle or posterior third of the head, and surrounded by an upper and lower lip, a pair of maxillæ, and the first pair of maxillæ. The second pair of maxillæ and the first pair of maxillipeds were rudimentary and situated behind the mouth. The second part of the body was the thorax, quite as flat but not so large as the head; it was usually broader than long.

scholarly journals Gold Tablets

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz Graf
Keyword(s):  
Gold Foil ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
The Body ◽  
History Of ◽  
Narrow Definition ◽  
History Of Scholarship ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Greek World

Gold Tablets is the collective name for a more or less coherent group of about thirty Greek texts, written on very thin and small gold foil and placed on the body of a deceased; they come from all over the Greek world and date between the late 5th century BCE and the 2nd century CE, with a peak in Hellenistic times. Originally, they were connected with Orphism, then with Pythagoreanism or, more convincingly, with the mystery cult of Dionysus; recent finds however have demonstrated the problematic nature of a narrow definition of their religious affiliation. The article discusses the various forms of these texts, their religious function and the history of scholarship about them.

scholarly journals Two new Pseudorchomene species from the Southern Ocean, with phylogenetic remarks on the genus and related species (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3310 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
CEDRIC D’UDEKEM D’ACOZ ◽  
CHARLOTTE HAVERMANS
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
Antarctic Species ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Burdwood Bank

Two new lysianassoid amphipods of the genus Pseudorchomene Schellenberg, 1926 from the Southern Ocean are de-scribed: P. debroyeri sp. n. collected in baited traps deployed around the Falkland Islands, Burdwood Bank and Îles Ker-guelen between 55 and 470 m, and P. lophorachis sp. n. collected in baited traps and Agassiz trawls deployed in the Scotiaand Weddell Seas at depths between 847 and 1943 m. P. lophorachis sp. n. is characterized by an strongly elongated firstgnathopod and by the occurrence of low posterodorsal humps on the body segments. P. debroyeri sp. n. is very similar toP. coatsi (Chilton, 1912) but exhibits slight differences of proportions in the articles of gnathopods 1 and 2, more spineson pereopods and more acute spines on the propodus of pereopods 3–7. Molecular data indicate the existence of a well-defined clade comprising P. lophorachis sp. n., P. debroyeri sp. n., P. coatsi (Chilton, 1912), Abyssorchomene plebs (Hur-ley, 1965) and A. rossi (Walker, 1903). On the other hand, A. plebs and A. rossi do not form a clade with A. chevreuxi(Stebbing, 1906), which is the type species of the genus Abyssorchomene De Broyer, 1984. The definition of Pseudor-chomene is amended, so that it now includes P. coatsi, P. debroyeri, P. lophorachis, P. plebs and P. rossi. The triangularcoxa 1 in these 5 species is unique for ‘orchomenid’ lysianassoids, thus considered as a putative synapomorphy. P. coatsi(Antarctic species) is morphologically extremely similar to P. debroyeri (sub-Antarctic species) but it is genetically closer to the morphologically distinct P. lophorachis (Antarctic species). Hypotheses for these recent speciations and the mor-phological evolution within Pseudorchomene are discussed. The type species and the nomenclatural history of the genus Tryphosa Boeck, 1871, which is the type genus of the subfamily Tryphosinae, are discussed.

scholarly journals EVOLUTION OF NORMATIVE REGULATION OF MEDICAL EXAMINATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 158-169
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Human Body ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Rights And Interests ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Living Person

The article analyzes the development of the regulatory framework of the institution of certification, starting with the Lithuanian charters to the present day. It is noted that at various historical stages, the definition of the content of the medical examination as a means of obtaining information about the crime and the person who committed it was approached in different ways, but it was always considered in connection with the examination. This emphasizes the affinity of the methods that were used during the examination and medical examination. The specificity of the examination was determined by the subject of inspection – the body of a living person. Sometimes examination was called inspection of objects and a corpse, and in some cases, the tasks of the examination included determining the state of the human body, its age, etc. Analysis of the regulatory regulation of the examination at various stages shows that standards have always been provided to ensure the rights and interests of the person being examined. In the first place, this concerned the examination of persons of a different gender than the investigator, referred to persons who could carry it out, in order to protect the honor and dignity of the person being examined. The article analyzes the legislation of different periods in the history of the USSR and some countries that emerged after its collapse in terms of the purpose of the medical examination. It is noted that the purpose of certification in the Code of Criminal Procedure of these states is not determined equally. In some, as in Ukraine, the goal is to establish on the human body traces of crime and special signs. In others, the objectives of the examination include the establishment of a state of intoxication or other properties that are relevant to the criminal case. Article examines the issue of the possibility of compulsory examination of the person; the opinions of various groups of authors and their justification are given; Additional arguments are given about the necessity and possibility of compulsory examination of a suspect, victim, witness who refuse to voluntarily pass it, after using the available means and methods of persuasion. Attention is drawn to the fact that the investigator or the prosecutor should not be deprived of the opportunity to establish the truth and protect the rights and interests of the victim of the crime, due to the fact that for some reason he does not want this. Key words: examination, regulation, subject of examination, human properties.

scholarly journals ‘To Preserve the Skin in Health’: Drainage, Bodily Control and the Visual Definition of Healthy Skin 1835–1900

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieneke te Hennepe
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Moral Reform ◽  
Healthy Skin ◽  
Moral Ideal ◽  
Racial Identities ◽  
Victorian Britain ◽  
History Of ◽  
Popular Work ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractThe concept of a healthy skin penetrated the lives of many people in late-nineteenth-century Britain. Popular writings on skin and soap advertisements are significant for pointing to the notions of the skin as a symbolic surface: a visual moral ideal. Popular health publications reveal how much contemporary understanding of skin defined and connected ideas of cleanliness and the visual ideals of the healthy body in Victorian Britain. Characterised as a ‘sanitary commissioner’ of the body, skin represented the organ of drainage for bodyandsociety. The importance of keeping the skin clean and purging it of waste materials such as sweat and dirt resonated in a Britain that embraced city sanitation developments, female beauty practices, racial identities and moral reform. By focusing on the popular work by British surgeon and dermatologist Erasmus Wilson (1809–84), this article offers a history of skin through the lens of the sanitary movement and developments in the struggle for control over healthy skin still in place today.

scholarly journals On the Book of Viсtor Kagan "Autism in Children", 2nd Edition, Supplemented

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
N. Iovchuk ◽  
A. Severniy
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Childhood Autism ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Vast Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

First published in 1981 and actual until nowadays, the book of Victor Kagan “Autism in Children” reprinted at “Smysl” Publishing House. Based on the vast literature, presented edition of the book describes the history of the development of the problem of autism since the beginning of the 20th century. Author formulates owns’ definition of autism, describes the clinical picture of childhood autism, as well as autism as a psychopathological nonspecific syndrome in the schizophrenia, schizoid psychopathy and paraautistic reactions. The author dwells in detail on the identification of differential diagnostic criteria, treatment and psychotherapy of autism. The book includes a chapter on the epidemiology of childhood autism, the reasons for the dramatic increase in autism indicators, among which the first place is not clinical criteria, but socio-financial benefits. Fundamental papers of L. Kanner and G. Asperger are at the end of the monograph.

Aspergillus Spondylodiscitis After Spinal Stenosis Surgery: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3 And 4) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Mohsen Aghapoor ◽  
◽  
Babak Alijani Alijani ◽  
Mahsa Pakseresht-Mogharab ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Lumbar Pain ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Death Case ◽  
Therapeutic Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Probable Diagnosis

Background and Importance: Spondylodiscitis is an inflammatory disease of the body of one or more vertebrae and intervertebral disc. The fungal etiology of this disease is rare, particularly in patients without immunodeficiency. Delay in diagnosis and treatment of this disease can lead to complications and even death. Case Presentation: A 63-year-old diabetic female patient, who had a history of spinal surgery and complaining radicular lumbar pain in both lower limbs with a probable diagnosis of spondylodiscitis, underwent partial L2 and complete L3 and L4 corpectomy and fusion. As a result of pathology from tissue biopsy specimen, Aspergillus fungi were observed. There was no evidence of immunodeficiency in the patient. The patient was treated with Itraconazole 100 mg twice a day for two months. Pain, neurological symptom, and laboratory tests improved. Conclusion: The debridement surgery coupled with antifungal drugs can lead to the best therapeutic results.

Towards the digital land reclamation

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Sergey Vasil'ev ◽  
Vyacheslav Schedrin ◽  
Aleksandra Slabunova ◽  
Vladimir Slabunov
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Scientific Potential ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Full Cooperation

The aim of the research is a retrospective analysis of the history and stages of development of digital land reclamation in Russia, the definition of «Digital land reclamation» and trends in its further development. In the framework of the retrospective analysis the main stages of melioration formation are determined. To achieve the maximum effect of the «digital reclamation» requires full cooperation of practical experience and scientific potential accumulated throughout the history of the reclamation complex, and the latest achievements of science and technology, which is currently possible only through the full digitalization of reclamation activities. The introduction of «digital reclamation» will achieve greater potential and effect in the modernization of the reclamation industry in the «hightech industry», through the use of innovative developments and optimal management decisions.

Derrida on Pornography: Putting (It) Up for Sale

Derrida Today ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Morris
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
English Translation ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Past ◽  
French Original ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Critical Discourses ◽  
Academic Debate

Over the past thirty years, academic debate over pornography in the discourses of feminism and cultural studies has foundered on questions of the performative and of the word's definition. In the polylogue of Droit de regards, pornography is defined as la mise en vente that is taking place in the act of exegesis in progress. (Wills's idiomatic English translation includes an ‘it’ that is absent in the French original). The definition in Droit de regards alludes to the word's etymology (writing by or about prostitutes) but leaves the referent of the ‘sale’ suspended. Pornography as la mise en vente boldly restates the necessary iterability of the sign and anticipates two of Derrida's late arguments: that there is no ‘the’ body and that performatives may be powerless. Deriving a definition of pornography from a truncated etymology exemplifies the prosthesis of origin and challenges other critical discourses to explain how pornography can be understood as anything more than ‘putting (it) up for sale’.

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