The Antibacterial Eye Ointments in the Treatment of Eyelids and Conjunctiva Acute and Chronic Diseases

Currently, there are many studies on the effectiveness of ointment ophthalmological medicines. Ophthalmic ointments are unique because they have a multi-component action mechanism. On the one hand, the action of the medicinal substance itself is prolonged due to the ointment base, and on the other hand, due to the structural features of the conjunctival cavity mucosa, these medicinal substances are very rapidly absorbed. In the treatment of ocular surface pathology, including as meibomiitis, barley and chalazions, local therapy and ointment forms are preferred. The purpose of the study was the investigation the antibacterial eye ointment effectiveness of domestic production Oftocipro — a fluoroquinolone derivative for the treatment of acute and chronic eyelid and conjunctiva diseases. During the study patients were divided into 2 groups with acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the eyelids and conjunctiva in the acute stage. It is known that chronic pathological processes are often stopped in longer periods. This fact was a prerequisite for assessing the effectiveness of Ontocipro with a comparative analysis of the dynamics of subjective (patient complaints) and objective (biomicroscopy, tear production tests) indicators characterizing the severity of the inflammatory process. The study has showed a high drug efficacy, when it is applied topically 3–4 times a day. The average time to relieve the inflammatory process was 3–7 days. The possibility of using the drug Oftocipro locally, when it is applied to the eyelid area, without affecting the conjunctival cavity, allows to minimize the impact area due to the ointment base and limit the risk of side effects in the form of a violation of the natural conjunctival microflora. Considering high level of tolerance and low allergenicity of the drug Oftotsipro, it can be recommended for widespread use for the treatment of acute and chronic blepharoconjunctivitis, barley and chalazion in the acute stage, as well as meibomiitis.

Download Full-text

Mechanisms of benzydamine action against local inflammatory process

Medical Council ◽

10.21518/2079-701x-2018-21-78-86 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 78-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. V. Poryadin ◽

J. M. Salmasi ◽

A. N. Kazimirsky

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Inflammatory Process ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Local Therapy ◽

Mechanisms Of Action ◽

Pharmacological Effects ◽

Inflammatory Processes ◽

Antimicrobic Activity ◽

Acute And Chronic Inflammation ◽

Inflammatory Action

Local inflammatory diseases caused by various infections are one of the most common pathologies in medical practice. For example, tonsillopharyngitis. This disease is extremely frequent for a physician’s practice. There is a fair amount of drugs, which supposed to be helpful against tonsillopharyngitis, but different drugs are also not the same in their pharmacological effects. In gynecological practice, frequent diseases are specific and non-specific vulvovaginitis, which have inflammatory and infectious components. For administrating local pharmacotherapy in gynecology against inflammation, a large number of drugs with different mechanisms of action are proposed. In this study, we focused on key pathological mechanisms associated with acute and chronic inflammation, for which these drugs should be exposed by their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. The best combination of these properties is available for benzydamine hydrochloride. Benzydamine hydrochloride has a wide antimicrobic activity against bacteria and Candida spices both albicans and non-albicans strains and allows to influence on etiologic cause of the disease. Also benzydamine hydrochloride associated with «cytokine» mechanism of anti-inflammatory action, which means that he does not affect COX enzymes and it allows to avoid gastrotoxic adverse events. Also, in this work showed and discussed aspects of the interaction of benzydamine with local immune system and justification of useful usage the benzydamine for local therapy of acute and chronic inflammatory processes caused by various infections.

Download Full-text

Impact of Radiotherapy on Prognosis in Patients Diagnosed with Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Urologia Internationalis ◽

10.1159/000508415 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Shuai Liu ◽

Xiao-ying Wang ◽

Tian-bao Huang ◽

Xiao-xi Ma ◽

Zhi-zhong Xia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Survival Benefit ◽

Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Local Therapy ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Metastatic Burden ◽

High Level ◽

The Impact

Background: It has been reported that compared with no local therapy (NLT), patients treated with local therapy (LT) using radiotherapy (RT) possess higher survival rate in metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa). The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the impact of RT on prognosis in patients with mPCa. Methods: We retrieved the literature in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases until June 2019 using structured search terms. Several studies were included, which evaluated patients with mPCa who received RT versus NLT. Results: A total of 14,542 patients were analyzed in 7 included papers (2 randomized controlled trials [RCTs] and 5 cohort retrospective studies [CRS]), and 2,232 mPCa patients were treated with RT and 12,310 with NLT. The data of RCTs and CRS were analyzed separately. In RCTs, RT was associated with no significant difference in overall survival (OS) (pooled hazard ratio [HR] = 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85–1.09; p = 0.55; I2 = 42%) relative to NLT, while survival benefit was observed in the low-metastatic burden group (pooled HR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.54–0.86; p = 0.001; I2 = 0%), and no survival benefit was observed in the high-metastatic burden group (pooled HR = 1.07; 95% CI: 0.92–1.24; p = 0.39; I2 = 0%). In CRS, RT results in lower cancer-specific mortality (CSM) (pooled HR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.34–0.75; p < 0.00001; I2 = 0%) and higher OS (pooled HR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.55–0.68; p < 0.00001; I2 = 0%) relative to NLT. Subsequent analysis demonstrated that high level of M-stage or N-stage was associated with increased CSM (pooled HR = 2.08; 95% CI: 1.69–2.55; p < 0.00001; I2 = 0% and pooled HR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.03–1.30; p < 0.00001; I2 = 0%; respectively). Conclusions: Our observations in aggregate indicated that RT at least does not appear to be harmful and may be beneficial for low-metastatic burden patients and better condition patients. More prospective and randomized studies evaluating RT for mPCa are warranted.

Download Full-text

Immune-metabolic genesis of pathological processes

Research Results in Pharmacology ◽

10.3897/rrpharmacology.5.38386 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 19-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Andrei M. Zemskov ◽

Tatiyana A. Berezhnova ◽

Veronika A. Zemskova ◽

Kseniya S. Dyadina ◽

Yana V. Kulintsova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Acute Stage ◽

Metabolic Effects ◽

Immunological Parameters ◽

Correlative Analysis ◽

Immunological Mechanisms ◽

Study Results ◽

The Impact

This article deals with metabolic-immune processes at rest and under stress conditions, which, in turn, results in the development of immune-dependent and immune-associated disorders. The article analyzes study results and conclusions of various literature sources and experimental data in healthy individuals and patients suffering from non-specific inflammatory lung diseases; purulent-inflammatory diseases and their combinations, primary and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis in the acute stage and remission. Research studies investigated the impact of the type, stage, combination of diseases on the parameters of the immunologic and metabolic statuses, as well as their correlations. The authors also analyzed metabolic effects of immunomodulators. Based on the analysis of the literature and own clinical and experimental data, the authors identified the ability of metabolic factors to regulate immunological processes. A correlative analysis of examination results of the patients with various diseases helped detect the unity of the immune-metabolic mechanisms of pathology. The data on the therapeutic effect of various modulators through differentiated biochemical chains and vice versa – the metabolic effect through immunological mechanisms –were analyzed in the study. Thus, one can testify that there is the phenomenon of a mediated effect of some immunocorrectors on the reactivity through metabolic chains. The fact that a number of modulators and metabolics can simultaneously affect the biochemical and immunological parameters of patients proved the above phenomenon. There was revealed a significant correlation interaction of the immune-metabolic parameters with various types of purulent-inflammatory diseases, which proves the formation of a single mechanism of pathology.

Download Full-text

ПРАГМАТИЧНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ НАТИВНОЇ РЕКЛАМИ: ФОРМИ, ТРЕНДИ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ НАТИВНОГО КОНТЕНТУ В СОЦІАЛЬНІЙ МЕРЕЖІ FACEBOOK ЩОДО БРЕНДА ФАКУЛЬТЕТУ ЖУРНАЛІСТИКИ ЗНУ)

State and Regions. Series: Social Communications ◽

10.32840/cpu2219-8741/2020.1(41).18 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 113

Author(s):

V. Kovpak ◽

N. Trotsenko

Keyword(s):

Social Network ◽

Professional Training ◽

Educational Process ◽

Communication Strategy ◽

Student Centered ◽

Teacher Student ◽

The Social ◽

National University ◽

High Level ◽

The Impact

<div>The article analyzes the peculiarities of the format of native advertising in the media space, its pragmatic potential (in particular, on the example of native content in the social network Facebook by the brand of the journalism department of ZNU), highlights the types and trends of native advertising. The following research methods were used to achieve the purpose of intelligence: descriptive (content content, including various examples), comparative (content presentation options) and typological (types, trends of native advertising, in particular, cross-media as an opportunity to submit content in different formats (video, audio, photos, text, infographics, etc.)), content analysis method using Internet services (using Popsters service). And the native code for analytics was the page of the journalism department of Zaporizhzhya National University on the social network Facebook. After all, the brand of the journalism department of Zaporozhye National University in 2019 celebrates its 15th anniversary. The brand vector is its value component and professional training with balanced distribution of theoretical and practical blocks (seven practices), student-centered (democratic interaction and high-level teacher-student dialogue) and integration into Ukrainian and world educational process (participation in grant programs).</div>And advertising on social networks is also a kind of native content, which does not appear in special blocks, and is organically inscribed on one page or another and unobtrusively offers, just remembering the product as if «to the word». Popsters service functionality, which evaluates an account (or linked accounts of one person) for 35 parameters, but the main three areas: reach or influence, or how many users evaluate, comment on the recording; true reach – the number of people affected; network score – an assessment of the audience’s response to the impact, or how far the network information diverges (how many share information on this page).Key words: nativeness, native advertising, branded content, special project, communication strategy.

Download Full-text

THE IMPACT OF UKRAINE'S EXCISE DUTY POLICY ON THE TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES OF THE TOBACCO MARKET

Economy of Ukraine ◽

10.15407/economyukr.2020.10.019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (10) ◽

pp. 19-33

Author(s):

Nadiia NOVYTSKA ◽

◽

Inna KHLIEBNIKOVA ◽

Keyword(s):

Structural Changes ◽

Tax Avoidance ◽

Transformation Process ◽

State Regulation ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

Excise Duty ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

High Level ◽

The Impact ◽

Transformation Processes

The market of tobacco products in Ukraine is one of the most dynamic and competitive. It develops under the influence of certain factors that cause structural changes, therefore, the aim of the article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of transformation processes in the market of tobacco and their alternatives in Ukraine and identify the factors that cause them. The high level of tax burden and the proliferation of alternative products with a potentially lower risk to human health, including heating tobacco products and e-cigarettes, are key factors in the market’s transformation process. Their presence leads to an increase in illicit turnover of tobacco products, which accounts for 6.37% of the market, and the gradual replacement of cigarettes with alternative products, which account for 12.95%. The presence on the market of products that are not taxed or taxed at lower rates is one of the reasons for the reduction of excise duty revenues. According to the results of 2019, the planned indicators of revenues were not met by 23.5%. Other reasons for non-fulfillment of excise duty revenues include: declining dynamics of the tobacco products market; reduction in the number of smokers; reorientation of «cheap whites» cigarette flows from Ukraine to neighboring countries; tax avoidance. Prospects for further research are identified, namely the need to develop measures for state regulation and optimization of excise duty taxation of tobacco products and their alternatives, taking into account the risks to public health and increasing demand of illegal products.

Download Full-text

Role of Credit Rating in determining Capital structure: Evidence from Non-Financial sector of Pakistan

Studies of Applied Economics ◽

10.25115/eea.v38i3.3066 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shoaib Ali ◽

Imran Yousaf ◽

Muhammad Naveed

Keyword(s):

Capital Structure ◽

Credit Rating ◽

Least Square ◽

Annual Data ◽

Leverage Ratio ◽

Financial Decisions ◽

Financial Firms ◽

High Level ◽

The Impact ◽

The Capital Structure

This paper aims to examine the impact of external credit ratings on the financial decisions of the firms in Pakistan. This study uses the annual data of 70 non-financial firms for the period 2012-2018. It uses ordinary least square (OLS) to estimate the impact of credit rating on capital structure. The results show that rated firm has a high level of leverage. Moreover, Profitability and tanagability are also found to be a significantly negative determinant of the capital structure, whereas, size of the firm has a significant positive relationship with the capital structure of the firm. Besides, there exists a non-linear relationship between the credit rating and the capital structure. The rated firms have higher leverage as compared to the non-rated firms. The high and low rated firms have a low level of leverage, while mid rated firms have a higher leverage ratio. The finding of the study have practical implications for the manager; they can have easier access to the financial market by just having a credit rating no matter high or low. Policymakers must stress upon the rating agencies to keep improving themselves as their rating severs as the measure to judge the creditworthiness of the firm by both the investors and management as well.

Download Full-text

IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS ROLE IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION DEVELOPMENT

Wiadomości Lekarskie ◽

10.36740/wlek201905111 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 72 (5) ◽

pp. 779-783

Author(s):

Victor A. Ognev ◽

Anna A. Podpriadova ◽

Anna V. Lisova

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Cardiovascular System ◽

Control Group ◽

Biological Factors ◽

Prevention And Treatment ◽

High Level ◽

Social Importance ◽

The Impact

Introduction:The high level of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease is largely due toinsufficient influence on the main risk factors that contribute to the development of myocardial infarction.Therefore, a detailed study and assessment of risk factors is among the most important problems of medical and social importance. The aim: To study and evaluate the impact of biological, social and hygienic, social and economic, psychological, natural and climatic risk factors on the development of myocardial infarction. Materials and methods: A sociological survey was conducted in 500 people aged 34 to 85. They were divided into two groups. The main group consisted of 310 patients with myocardial infarction. The control group consisted of 190 practically healthy people, identical by age, gender and other parameters, without diseases of the cardiovascular system. Results: It was defined that 30 factors have a significant impact on the development of myocardial infarction.Data analysis revealed that the leading risk factors for myocardial infarction were biological and socio-hygienic. The main biological factors were: hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. The man socio-hygienic factor was smoking. Conclusions: Identification of risk factors provides new opportunities for the development of more effective approaches for the prevention and treatment of myocardial infarction.

Download Full-text

Methionine Diet Evoked Hyperhomocysteinemia Causes Hippocampal Alterations, Metabolomics Plasma Changes and Behavioral Pattern in Wild Type Rats

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22094961 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (9) ◽

pp. 4961

Author(s):

Maria Kovalska ◽

Eva Baranovicova ◽

Dagmar Kalenska ◽

Anna Tomascova ◽

Marian Adamkov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Morphological Changes ◽

Brain Area ◽

Critical Role ◽

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

Behavioral Pattern ◽

Cell Physiology ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

High Level ◽

Hippocampal Alterations ◽

The Impact

L-methionine, an essential amino acid, plays a critical role in cell physiology. High intake and/or dysregulation in methionine (Met) metabolism results in accumulation of its intermediate(s) or breakdown products in plasma, including homocysteine (Hcy). High level of Hcy in plasma, hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcy), is considered to be an independent risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases, stroke and dementias. To evoke a mild hHcy in adult male Wistar rats we used an enriched Met diet at a dose of 2 g/kg of animal weight/day in duration of 4 weeks. The study contributes to the exploration of the impact of Met enriched diet inducing mild hHcy on nervous tissue by detecting the histo-morphological, metabolomic and behavioural alterations. We found an altered plasma metabolomic profile, modified spatial and learning memory acquisition as well as remarkable histo-morphological changes such as a decrease in neurons’ vitality, alterations in the morphology of neurons in the selective vulnerable hippocampal CA 1 area of animals treated with Met enriched diet. Results of these approaches suggest that the mild hHcy alters plasma metabolome and behavioural and histo-morphological patterns in rats, likely due to the potential Met induced changes in “methylation index” of hippocampal brain area, which eventually aggravates the noxious effect of high methionine intake.

Download Full-text

FRI0632-HPR PSYCHOLOGICAL PARTICULIARITIES OF PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM MONOGENIC AUTO-INFLAMMATORY DISEASES.

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4182 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 920.1-921

Author(s):

N. Stepanenko ◽

E. Fedorov ◽

S. Salugina ◽

S. Feoktistova

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Life Quality ◽

Information Storage ◽

Social Adaptation ◽

Long Term Memory ◽

Short Term ◽

Sequence Of Events ◽

Communicative Disorders ◽

Negative Effect ◽

High Level

Background:Monogenic auto-inflammatory diseases (mAID) are a group of severe chronic multisystemic diseases with recurring episodes of fever and other manifestations that significantly affect the patients’ life quality. Moreover, the hyper expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL1β, etc.) observed in these patients may have a negative effect on the central nervous system.Objectives:to study the state of the cognitive and emotional spheres in children suffering from monogenic auto-inflammatory diseases.Methods:there were examined 22 children at the age of 7 to 17 years old diagnosed with CAPS-9, TRAPS-8, FMF-5. Among them there were 12 boys and 10 girls. The diagnosis in all the patients was confirmed through detection of pathogenic mutations in the NLRP3, TNFRSF1A and MEFV genes. The following methods were used: a clinical conversation; memory diagnostics (learning by heart of 10 words, a pictogram using cues taking into account the patients’ age); attention diagnostics (Schulte tables); thinking diagnostics (establishing a sequence of events, “four is a crwod”, simple analogies, interpretation of proverbs); emotional and communicative fields (the Eight-Color Luscher Test; CMAS (adaptation by A. Prikhozhan); STAI test, a drawing called “an animal that does not exist” and “a house-a tree-a man”).Results:The memory study revealed in all patients with TRAPS and FMF high and medium values of short-term and long-term memory, in patients with CAPS - a low level of short-term auditory-speech memory, information storage and indirect memorization in 1/3 of patients. In 100% of the examined patients with TRAPS, a significant decrease in all processes of attention and distribution of attention. In 1/3 of patients with CAPS, an increased exhaustion of attention was registered and in 11% - a decrease in its stability. In patients with FMF, attention disorders were not detected. In 44% of patients with CAPS, a decrease in the level of generalization and difficulties in establishing causal relationships were registered. In 25% of patients with TRAPS a decrease in the level of generalization, in 12.5%- difficulties in establishing cause-effect relationships, inertia of thinking in 37.5%. In 60% of patients with FMF: a decrease in the level of generalization, in 80%: difficulties in establishing cause-effect relationships, inertia of thinking in 20%. In the emotional sphere, patients with CAPS, TRAPS, and FMF demonstrated signs of aggression (11.1%, 20% and 20% of patients, respectively), communicative disorders (77.8% -80% - 80%), and reduced social adaptation (55.5% - 80% - 80%), a tendency to form neurotic fears (22% - 40% - 40%). A high level of personal anxiety was noted in 1/3 of patients with CAPS and 40% of patients with FMF.Conclusion:various psychological disorders in the cognitive and emotional fields were noted in the majority of the examined patients with monogenic auto-inflammatory diseases. In patients with TRAPS, attention processes are most significantly affected; in patients with CAPS, memory is more often affected. In patients with FMF, disorders in thinking processes are revealed more often. In the emotional sphere, most patients with all the three forms of AID note communicative disorders and social adaptation.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Download Full-text

Sustainable Innovation in Higher Education: The Impact of Gender on Innovation Competences

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13095004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 5004

Author(s):

Raquel Ferreras-Garcia ◽

Jordi Sales-Zaguirre ◽

Enric Serradell-López

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Business Students ◽

Bachelor's Degree ◽

Sustainable Innovation ◽

Educational Implications ◽

Development Goals ◽

High Level ◽

The Impact ◽

Innovation In Higher Education

There is currently an increasing interest for sustainable innovation in our society. The European agendas highlight the role of higher education institutions in the formation and development of innovation competences among students. Our study aimed to contribute to the analysis of the level of achievement of students’ innovation competences by considering two sustainable development goals (SDG) of the 2030 United Nations’ Agenda: Gender Equality (SDG 5) and Quality Education (SDG 4). This article tries to answer how business students perceive their own innovation competences and which innovative competences are best achieved by students, as well as if there are differences in the achievement of these competences depending on the students’ gender. Our results, from a sample of 360 students in the Business Administration and Management Bachelor’s Degree at the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, confirm the extensive development of innovation competences. Moreover, female students present a high level of preparation for innovation-oriented action. These findings have educational implications for potentiating the innovation competences and environments where females can attain innovation skills.

Download Full-text