scholarly journals Mechanisms of benzydamine action against local inflammatory process

2019 ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. V. Poryadin ◽  
J. M. Salmasi ◽  
A. N. Kazimirsky
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Antimicrobic Activity ◽  
Acute And Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Action

Local inflammatory diseases caused by various infections are one of the most common pathologies in medical practice. For example, tonsillopharyngitis. This disease is extremely frequent for a physician’s practice. There is a fair amount of drugs, which supposed to be helpful against tonsillopharyngitis, but different drugs are also not the same in their pharmacological effects. In gynecological practice, frequent diseases are specific and non-specific vulvovaginitis, which have inflammatory and infectious components. For administrating local pharmacotherapy in gynecology against inflammation, a large number of drugs with different mechanisms of action are proposed. In this study, we focused on key pathological mechanisms associated with acute and chronic inflammation, for which these drugs should be exposed by their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. The best combination of these properties is available for benzydamine hydrochloride. Benzydamine hydrochloride has a wide antimicrobic activity against bacteria and Candida spices both albicans and non-albicans strains and allows to influence on etiologic cause of the disease. Also benzydamine hydrochloride associated with «cytokine» mechanism of anti-inflammatory action, which means that he does not affect COX enzymes and it allows to avoid gastrotoxic adverse events. Also, in this work showed and discussed aspects of the interaction of benzydamine with local immune system and justification of useful usage the benzydamine for local therapy of acute and chronic inflammatory processes caused by various infections.

Biologics in Microangiopathic Wounds

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-213
Author(s):  
Massimo Papi ◽  
Claudia Papi
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Connective Tissue Diseases ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Biologic Agents ◽  
Biologic Drugs ◽  
New Class ◽  
Skin Ulcers ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Inflammatory Molecules

In the last decades the possibility to diagnose a skin ulcer has greatly improved. We learnt that a consistent percentage of nonhealing ulcers may be caused by a microangiopathic disorder that has not been properly investigated and cured. Pathogenetically, we can distinguish 2 main groups: (1) ulcers due to inflammatory microangiopathy, mainly including cutaneous small and medium vessel vasculitis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and connective tissue diseases, and (2) ulcers due to occlusive microangiopathy. The group of microangiopathic occlusive ulcers is more heterogeneous and includes different disorders ranging from livedo vasculopathy to calciphylaxis, hydroxyurea-induced ulcers, antiphospholipid antibodies ulcers, and various other types. These conditions can induce thromboses or anatomo-functional occlusion of cutaneous microvessels. Despite different physiopathologic mechanisms, the ulcer resulting from a primitive microangiopathy may receive basic treatments that are in the complex similar to other pathogenetically different wounds, including MOIST-based local therapy and elastic compression when it is not contraindicated. Persistent inflammatory processes are increasingly demonstrated as responsible for the chronicity of many skin ulcers. New data concerning the biological phases of wound healing and the molecules that play crucial roles in this process suggested the use of new specific therapies. Some of them such as growth factors and platelet-rich plasma are prevalently used as topical biologic agents with variable benefits. In recent years, a new class of systemic anti-inflammatory molecules, better known as biologic drugs, have been introduced in the cure of chronic inflammatory diseases that can induce microangiopathic injuries and ulcerative complication. They enlarged the therapeutic options in case of nonresponder microangiopathic ulcers and could represent a future model of “pathogenetically based” therapy of skin ulcers.

scholarly journals Method for the prevention of inflammatory processes in the bone part of the external auditory canal accompanied by the growth of connective tissue

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
I. A. Anikin ◽  
◽  
S. A. Eremin ◽  
A. E. Shinkareva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Granulation Tissue ◽  
Satisfactory Result ◽  
External Auditory Canal ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Bone Section

Otosurgery plays an important role in the rehabilitation of patients with hearing loss. Any operation can be accompanied by a long inflammatory process with excessive development of connective tissue, forming atresia or stenosis of the external auditory canal. Formed scars in the external auditory canal reduce the effectiveness of treatment and can lead to reoperation. In the treatment of scars, the use of injections of a suspension of prolonged steroids directly into the developing connective tissue is effective. We have developed a method of injecting drugs into the scar tissue of the bone section of the external auditory canal, which allows the use of such therapy in patients after otosurgery. 12 people were treated with the proposed technique. All patients had an inflammatory process in the external auditory canal with undesirable growth of connective tissue. Previous local therapy did not bring a satisfactory result. Patients received injections of a suspension of steroids into developing scar tissue. The treatment period was 1-8 weeks, for which 1 to 4 sessions of injections were performed. As a result of treatment according to the developed method, in all cases a cessation of the pathological inflammatory process was observed. Timely therapy made it possible to completely eliminate the excess granulation tissue (100%), to stop the growth of the scar, or even to cause a significant decrease (33%). The developed method allows to use of a small dose of a substance (0,1–0,5 ml) for injection to achieve the desired therapeutic effect.

The Process of Acute and Chronic Inflammation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Sedat Demir
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Rheumatologic Diseases ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Acute And Chronic Inflammation

Inflammation is a physiopathological process that has been known for a long time but its relation with acute and chronic diseases and its role in the development of disease is becoming better understood. Diabetes, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, various organ cancers, rheumatologic diseases, the most common diseases of the liver, lungs and kidneys are either closely related to inflammatory processes or are caused by direct inflammatory processes. In one aspect, the aging process is a progressive inflammatory process. The understanding of what inflammation is and the mechanisms by which the inflammation occurs in the organism and by accurately identifying and following the clinical markers that show the course of inflammation. In this section, basic issues related to inflammation is examined.

scholarly journals Investigation of aspects of the interaction of the indicators of lipid exchange, trombocitarian block of hemostasis, total body reactivity and their influence on the psychosomatic harmonization of the man in chronic inflammatory processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-137
Author(s):  
Irina Sokolovskaya ◽  
Alla Kutsak ◽  
Valentyna Zarytska ◽  
Valentina Nechiporenko ◽  
Natalia Gordiyenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Lipid Exchange ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Mechanisms Of Development ◽  
First Time ◽  
Reduced Activity

For the first time on the basis of clinical and laboratory researches were revealed the correlation of indicators of lipid metabolism, platelet level of hemostasis and general reactivity in patients with chronic inflammatory processes of the genital system. The new pathogenetic aspects of the course of inflammatory diseases have been established. It has been shown that chronic inflammatory process is accompanied by disorders of lipid metabolism. The degree of severity of these changes depends on the severity of the inflammatory process, the reduction of phagocytic activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and the activation of macrophage and specific cellular mechanisms, accompanied by auto-intoxication. It is established that the frequency of atherogenic dyslipoproteinemias, as well as the intensity of lipid peroxidation increases in accordance with the increase age of the examined patients. Most atherogenic dyslipoproteinemias are found in patients with viral and chlamydial infections. The summarized data of the correlation analysis allow us to establish that the growth of atherogenic properties of blood plasma of patients with chronic inflammatory processes of the reproductive system occurs in accordance with the increase of adhesive-aggregation properties of platelets and damage of the vascular endothelium. These shifts occur in parallel with the predominance of the monocyte-macrophage linkage of phagocytosis against the background of reduced activity of neutrophils and cellular mechanisms of development of immunopathological reactions.

scholarly journals Possibilities of using multidirectional immunomodulators for acute and recurrent infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
S. V. Morozova ◽  
L. V. Selezneva
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Upper Respiratory

In many countries, with the prevention of acute respiratory diseases in children and adults, the use of various types of biologically active substances of natural and synthetic origin, called immunostimulants of various mechanisms of action, has been introduced. The purpose of this article is to provide a useful overview of main roles of available immunostimulants and their potential for use in inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract. The article discusses aspects of the clinical use of immunomodulatory drugs in acute and recurrent infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract (SARS-CoV-2 included). The mechanisms of action of immunomodulators on the immune system are briefly outlined. On the drug Imunorix the evidence base of mechanisms of correction of the immune system in respiratory diseases of the upper respiratory tract is given, as well as the analysis of the clinical efficacy of drug. The use of immunostimulator to increase the level of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, IgG) and subpopulations of T-lymphocytes (CD3 +, CD4 +). Also, the use of the drug has shown its usefulness in the appointment of antibacterial drugs in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infectious diseases. This article also provides an overview of recent clinical studies of drug. Researchers from various countries have tried to better clarify and define the mechanisms of action of immunostimulator both in vitro and in vivo. Of course, the improvement in research methodology over the past 20 years, and the acquired knowledge in various areas of clinical immunology, should become the starting point for further research on the drug. Randomized controlled trials of the trial use of the drug in the prevention of acute respiratory infections.

scholarly journals The Antibacterial Eye Ointments in the Treatment of Eyelids and Conjunctiva Acute and Chronic Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. N. Trubilin ◽  
E. G. Poluninа ◽  
D. V. Andzhelova ◽  
V. V. Kurenkov ◽  
Yu. V. Evstigneeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Ointment Base ◽  
Medicinal Substances ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Currently, there are many studies on the effectiveness of ointment ophthalmological medicines. Ophthalmic ointments are unique because they have a multi-component action mechanism. On the one hand, the action of the medicinal substance itself is prolonged due to the ointment base, and on the other hand, due to the structural features of the conjunctival cavity mucosa, these medicinal substances are very rapidly absorbed. In the treatment of ocular surface pathology, including as meibomiitis, barley and chalazions, local therapy and ointment forms are preferred. The purpose of the study was the investigation the antibacterial eye ointment effectiveness of domestic production Oftocipro — a fluoroquinolone derivative for the treatment of acute and chronic eyelid and conjunctiva diseases. During the study patients were divided into 2 groups with acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the eyelids and conjunctiva in the acute stage. It is known that chronic pathological processes are often stopped in longer periods. This fact was a prerequisite for assessing the effectiveness of Ontocipro with a comparative analysis of the dynamics of subjective (patient complaints) and objective (biomicroscopy, tear production tests) indicators characterizing the severity of the inflammatory process. The study has showed a high drug efficacy, when it is applied topically 3–4 times a day. The average time to relieve the inflammatory process was 3–7 days. The possibility of using the drug Oftocipro locally, when it is applied to the eyelid area, without affecting the conjunctival cavity, allows to minimize the impact area due to the ointment base and limit the risk of side effects in the form of a violation of the natural conjunctival microflora. Considering high level of tolerance and low allergenicity of the drug Oftotsipro, it can be recommended for widespread use for the treatment of acute and chronic blepharoconjunctivitis, barley and chalazion in the acute stage, as well as meibomiitis.

scholarly journals Functional Lipids in Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3074
Author(s):  
Michele Dei Cas ◽  
Gabriella Roda ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
Francesco Secundo
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Bioactive Lipids ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

Lipids are apolar small molecules known not only as components of cell membranes but also, in recent literature, as modulators of different biological functions. Herein, we focused on the bioactive lipids that can influence the immune responses and inflammatory processes regulating vascular hyperreactivity, pain, leukocyte trafficking, and clearance. In the case of excessive pro-inflammatory lipid activity, these lipids also contribute to the transition from acute to chronic inflammation. Based on their biochemical function, these lipids can be divided into different families, including eicosanoids, specialized pro-resolving mediators, lysoglycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and endocannabinoids. These bioactive lipids are involved in all phases of the inflammatory process and the pathophysiology of different chronic autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, type-1 diabetes, and systemic lupus erythematosus.

scholarly journals Neuroimmune Interaction in Inflammatory Diseases

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. CCRPM.S547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyman Otmishi ◽  
Joshiah Gordon ◽  
Seraj El-Oshar ◽  
Huafeng Li ◽  
Juan Guardiola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Neuroimmune Interaction ◽  
Parasympathetic Nerves ◽  
The Past ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Neuroimmune Modulation

The inflammatory response is modulated through interactions among the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems. Intercommunication between immune cells and the autonomic nervous system is a growing area of interest. Spatial and temporal information about inflammatory processes is relayed to the central nervous system (CNS) where neuroimmune modulation serves to control the extent and intensity of the inflammation. Over the past few decades, research has revealed various routes by which the nervous system and the immune system communicate. The CNS regulates the immune system via hormonal and neuronal pathways, including the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. The immune system signals the CNS through cytokines that act both centrally and peripherally. This review aims to introduce the concept of neuroimmune interaction and discuss its potential clinical application, in an attempt to broaden the awareness of this rapidly evolving area and open up new avenues that may aid in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

EXPERIMENTAL ESTIMATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF COMPLEX TREATMENT OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES USING AN ADAPTOGEN

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Алик Эдикович Петросян ◽  
Наталия Владимировна Чиркова ◽  
Арпине Бронислави Антонян ◽  
Жанна Владимировна Вечеркина
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

Заболевания пародонта представляют собой серьезное воспалительное заболевание, которое с прогрессированием постепенно разрушает опорный аппарат зуба. Чаще всего, в практической стоматологии встречаются такие воспалительные заболевания как гингивит и пародонтит, тяжесть которых обусловлена степенью выраженности воспалительных процессов. Профилактика, диагностика и лечение данных состояний являются актуальной проблемой современной стоматологии. Научные данные подтверждают, что современные лекарственные средства оказывают влияние на все звенья этиологии и патогенеза, но тем не менее переход данных заболеваний в хроническую форму, а также неполноценный терапевтический эффект обуславливает актуальность поиска новых препаратов и комбинаций для профилактики и лечения воспалительных заболеваний пародонта. Анализ научной литературы показал, что в медицине широко используется комплексное лечение различных заболеваний органов и систем с применением адаптогенов, которые обладают не только богатым аминокислотным и витаминным составом, но и оказывают противовоспалительное, иммуномодулирующее, вяжущее и седативное действие. В данной статье представлены результаты гистологического исследования биоматериала слизистой губы крыс-самцов линии Вистар при экспериментальном моделировании воспалительного процесса в нем. Было проведено дифференцированное исследование влияния комплексного лечения с применением геля «Асепта с прополисом», модифицированного пантогематогеном на течение воспалительного процесса в сравнительном аспекте Periodontal diseases are a serious inflammatory disease that gradually destroys the supporting apparatus of the tooth as it progresses. Most often, in practical dentistry, there are such inflammatory diseases as gingivitis and periodontitis, the severity of which is due to the degree of severity of inflammatory processes. Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of these conditions are an urgent problem of modern dentistry. Scientific data confirm that modern medicines have an impact on all parts of the etiology and pathogenesis, but nevertheless, the transition of these diseases to a chronic form, as well as an incomplete therapeutic effect, determines the urgency of the search for new drugs and combinations for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases. The analysis of scientific literature has shown that in medicine, complex treatment of various diseases of organs and systems is widely used with the use of adaptogens, which have not only a rich amino acid and vitamin composition, but also have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, astringent and sedative effects. This article presents the results of a histological study of the biomaterial of the lip mucosa of male Wistar rats with experimental modeling of the inflammatory process in it. A differentiated study of the effect of complex treatment with the use of "Asepta with propolis" gel modified with pantohematogen on the course of the inflammatory process in a comparative aspect was conducted

scholarly journals Results of cytochemical investigation of neutrophil granulocytes in patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of fine tissues on the type 2 diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-470
Author(s):  
M.D. Zheliba ◽  
M.H. Bohachuk
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Neutrophil Granulocytes ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Stimulation Of

Patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft tissues on the background of diabetes type 2 are resistant changes in various parts of the immune system. Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance and adaptive hyperinsulinemia affect the cells of the immune system, promote the development of metabolic immunosuppression with the formation of stable immune dysfunction. The purpose of the study to investigate and analyze the metabolic state of immunocompetent cells in patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft tissues on the background of DMD type 2. The study was conducted in 47 patients (the main group) with purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft-tissue on the background of diabetes mellitus, and 20 healthy volunteers (the comparison group) using the cytohistochemical restoration method of NST based on the percentage composition of neutrophils that have cytoplasm of formazan granules. The spontaneous neutrophil response was studied, as well as the parameters of the NST-test in stimulation of neutrophil granulocytes in vitro to assess the bactericidal, resource potential and their ability to complete phagocytosis. Results of the study showed that the decrease in the activity of myeloperoxidase and the NST-test in the conditions of stimulation of neutrophil granulocytes is a sign of unsatisfactory state of the bactericidal system of cells, which may be the cause of acute inflammatory processes in the body that accompany type 2 diabetes, which leads to functional exhaustion of the macrophage level of the immune body protection. At GZZMT against the background of DM 2 type compared with the norm, the “spontaneous” NST-test of neutrophils is high, which is due to the presence of inflammatory process. The index of stimulation of neutrophils is lower in the main group (1.6 times: 5.3±0.2% in the main group versus 8.4±0.4% in the control, p≤0.05), which is an indicator of a relatively weaker stimulation of those populations of neutrophils that were responsible for high indices in the “spontaneous” NST test, and the impaired state of cellular metabolism. So, in patients with type 2 diabetes, a violation of the bactericidal system of organism protection, which is one of the causes of the development of infectious and inflammatory processes.

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