Physicochemical Parameter of Palm Oil and Soil from Ihube Community, Okigwe, Imo State Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Ebere Enyoh ◽  
Ezechiel Amarachukwu Ihionu ◽  
Andrew Wirnkor Verla ◽  
Patricia Ngozi Ebosie
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
C 50

This study assessed the quality of palm oil and soil quality from Ihube community, Okigwe L.G.A of Imo state in October 2015. The soil samples were collected from the top soil and the palm oil were collected immediately after extraction. The soil and palm oil were analyzed using standard analytical methods and the results obtained were compared to standards. The physicochemical analysis of the soil samples showed that ranges of EC (323.33±0.57-480.33±1.53 us/cm); Temperature (28.0±0.26 29.1±0.20 °C); %MC (20.9±0.80-40.8±0.10); %SOM (1.92±0.61-4.85±0.01) which were within the acceptable limits while CEC (5.471-8.1063 mg/kg); iron (0.311-0.731 mg/kg) and lead (0.004-0.054 mg/kg) were is not appreciable. The palm oil result showed that MC (0.32±0.09 %) which is above the acceptable limit, pH (4.71±0.01-4.74±0.01) and viscosity (23.41±0.44-106.23±0.55 mPas) obtained at temperature range 20 °C-50 °C. The FFA result for 10days showed ranges from (2.15±0.01-6.07±0.05 mgNaOH/g) with Fe, (2.00±0.01-5.43±0.51 mgNaOH/g) with Pb and (1.27±0.03-5.04±0.03 mgNaOH/g) without contamination. This was tested using anova at p = 0.05 respectively and showed significant difference between the results. However, the result obtained from these areas shows good quality soil for palm tree cultivation.

scholarly journals A Review on the Quality of Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis) Produced Locally in Imo State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 40-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enyoh Christian Ebere ◽  
Verla Andrew Wirnkor ◽  
Enyoh Emmanuel Chinedu ◽  
Verla Evelyn Ngozi
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Smoke Point ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Open Access Journals

Over 70 % inhabitants of Imo state pend on palm oil for their cooking, frying etc. The study reviews available data on palm oil quality produced locally in Imo state with a view of providing up-to-date information and identify research gaps that could have health consequences on consumers. Peer reviewed scientific articles were reviewed and a meta-analysis of four different scientific research databases, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Directory for Open-Access Journals was conducted. The result showed that palm oil produced locally in Imo state has average of pH (4.73), acid value (28.3 mg/KOH), FFA (14.15 mg/KOH), smoke point (115°C), iodine value (1.68 wijj’s), saponification value (197.07 mgKOH/g), ester value (168.77), moisture content (0.44 %), density (0.89 g/ml), SG (0.91), peroxide value (17.75 mEq./kg), refractive index (1.46oBx) and viscocity (60.04 cps). Overall palm oil is highly degraded and of poor quality since major quality indicators are not within Nigerian Industrial Standard and Standard Organization of Nigeria. Also, there is a dearth of information/data available on quality of palm oil produced locally in Imo state especially on its microbial status. Food scientist should look in that direction to enhance proper understanding of the quality of palm oil.

scholarly journals Bacteriological Analysis of Top Soil from an Electronic Waste Dumpsite in Port Harcourt Metropolis

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Janet Olufunmilayo Williams ◽  
C. J. Ugboma ◽  
Faith Ibiene
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Percentage Composition ◽  
Central Processing ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: To determine the bacterial and physicochemical analysis of topsoil from an electronic waste (e-waste) dumpsite within Port Harcourt metropolis using standard procedures. Place and Duration of Study: The study area was Kaduna street, beside Fruit and Vegetable Garden Market, Mile l which is located in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The coordinates are 4o47’57.5” N 7o00’02.7” E. The duration of study was between March and September, 2019. Methodology: The waste disposed were mainly television sets, computer monitors, radio sets, stoves, laptops and central processing units. Soil samples were cleared off top debris, collected within 5cm of the top soil from four (4) different points of the dumpsite and a control was collected from area devoid of waste disposal, 20m away from the dumpsite. The five samples were kept in clean sterile polythene bags. Contamination observed from soil samples was attributed to the waste disposal. The total heterotrophic bacterial count was performed using l gram of soil from e-waste dumpsite in a 9-fold serial dilution using a spread plate method, in duplicates on dried nutrient agar plates and incubated at 30°C for 24hours. Centrimide agar plates were used to obtain Pseudomonas isolates and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours while MacConkey agar plates were used to isolate coliform bacteria, incubated at 0c for 48 hours. The physicochemical parameters were determined using standard methods. Results: Seven (7) bacterial genera were isolated from the topsoil of the e-waste dumpsite and they were Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Kluyvera, Bacillus, Micrococcus, Chromobacterium and Pectobacteria species. Staphylococcus spp. had the highest percentage composition of 42.3% and Kluyvera spp, the lowest percentage composition of l.9% of bacterial isolates found in the topsoil of the electronic waste dumpsite. The total heterotrophic bacterial count ranged from l.30 x l06 to l.97 x l06 cfu/g, total coliform count was 3.05 x l03 to 7.98 x l03 cfu/g and total Pseudomonas count ranged from l.00 x l02   to 2.88 x l03 cfu/g with a significant difference at .05 probability level to the control samples. The temperature ranged from 27.67±0.580C to 28.00±l.000C with a control of 29.00±l.000C, pH value ranged from 6.33±0.58 with a control of 7.00±0.00. The pH values were lower than the control indicating that the soil was slightly acidic to neutral. Moisture content had 4% with a control of 2.7%, an organic matter of l7.33±0.58 with a control of 4.47±0.58. Conclusion: The presence of the isolated organisms could cause public health risk or environmental hazard. Proper education and legislations on handling of e-waste in the society should be intensified to forestall waste related problems along the food chain.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF NOODLE FORMULATION USING COMMERCIALIZED EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH PALM OIL CARBOXYLMETHYL CELLULOSE (CMC) AND FLOURS WITH DIFFERENT PROTEIN CONTENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Izzatun Nasriah Nasruddin ◽  
Mohd Suzeren Md Jamil ◽  
Ikhwan Zakaria ◽  
Saiful Irwan Zubairi
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Acceptance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Protein Flour

Carboxylmethyl cellulose (CMC) is extracted from empty fruit bunches of oil palm, which usually comes from industrial waste. The focus of this research is to recycle cellulose from the oil palm tree to produce a food product which is noodles. In this research, the noodles were produced from commercialized CMC (0 – 2%) by using 15 different formulations with different types of flour such as high protein flour, wheat flour and low protein flour which provides an added factor to improve texture. Proximate, physicochemical analysis and sensory test were conducted in order to determine the noodle’s nutrient content, colour, texture and acceptance level among the consumer panels. Based on the proximate analysis, high protein flour produced noodles that were similar to the positive control product which was a commercialized yellow noodles (Mi Kuning Rakyat). Fat, crude fiber, moisture and ash content did not show a significant difference among the formulation tested (p>0.05) because the CMC used and different types of flour with different protein content used did not affect them. The compression test that was used to analyze texture in the physicochemical analysis revealed that Formulation 3 (F3), which was made up from high protein flour and 1% (w/w) CMC, had highest hardness with a mean score of 3.13 ± 0.06N and was significantly different (p<0.05) in comparison with other 14 formulations. This indicates that the use of high protein flour helps in the formation of gluten network in the noodles while an optimum amount of CMC (1.0%) gives a good texture to the noodles. For hedonic test, Formulation 4 (F4), which was made up of 1.5% (w/w) CMC and high protein flour which contain 11.5-13.5% of protein, has a highest acceptance level for consumer due to a good taste and a better texture. Therefore, the integration of high fibrous flour from an empty fruit bunch of oil palm in the form of commerciallized CMC with flours with different protein content into noodle formulation can produce an improved noodles' quality that have higher acceptance level among the consumers. 

RETENTION OF CAROTENE AND RETINYL PALMITATE IN PALM COOKING OIL AND THE PRODUCTS FRIED IN THE OIL

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-171
Author(s):  
Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Retinyl Palmitate ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Oil ◽  
Color Retention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Materials Used

Fortification of vitamin A in the cooking oil needs to be revisited given that the used oil is palm oil and fortificant form of vitamin A or retinol palmitate have to be imported. On the other hand, palm oil contains carotene as pro-vitamin A and potentially as an alternative of fortificant. The aim of this study was to compare the retention of carotene to retinol palmitate in palm cooking oil and the products fried in the oil using deep frying at 150°C. Materials used as fried products were potatoes, tofu and chicken. The quality of cooking oil that determined were the fatty acid composition, water content, free fatty acid, peroxide value, color, retention of carotene and retinol palmitate. While the quality of the products fried in the oil that determined were water, fat, carotene and retinol palmitate content. The results of this study showed that fortificant (carotene and retinol palmitate) no significant difference to the quality of cooking oil except color, retention of carotene and retinol palmitate. Fortificants also showed no significant difference to the quality of fried products. Retention of carotene showed significantly decreased with increasing frying repeatedly, but had a higher retention and significantly different than retinol palmitate. Retention of carotene in the frying pan first, second, third, fourth and fifth were in the range of 86-89%, 83-89%, 80-83%, 77-80% and 77-80%, while retinol palmitate were 68-100%, 58-97%, 51-89%, 50-84%, and 40-75%. Thus, carotene can be used as an alternative of fortificant in the palm cooking oil.

scholarly journals Kualitas Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) yang dibuat pada Metode Pemanasan Bertahap sebagai Minyak Goreng dengan Penambahan Wortel (Daucus carrota L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megawati Nodjeng ◽  
Feti Fatimah ◽  
Johnly A Rorong
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Kualitas Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) yang dibuat pada Metode Pemanasan Bertahap sebagai Minyak Goreng dengan Penambahan Wortel (Daucus carrota L.) ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui kualitas VCO yang diolah dengan metode pemanasan dengan adanya penambahan wortel (VCO-wortel) sebagai minyak goreng serta perbandingan kualitasnnya dengan VCO tanpa penambahan wortel (VCO),  minyak sawit komersial dan minyak kelapa komersial. Parameter kualitas yang akan di uji yaitu  kadar air, asam lemak bebas, bobot jenis dan bilangan peroksida. Hasil penelitian menunjukan VCO-wortel dan minyak kelapa komersial mempunyai  kualitas yang lebih baik pada sebelum serta setelah penggorengan pengujian dilakukan terhadap kentang beku sebanyak tiga kali. Hasil diuji statistik dengan Anova. dibandingkan dengan  VCO dan minyak sawit komersial. Walaupun nilai asam lemak (FFA) bebas dan bobot jenis minyak kelapa komersial lebih baik daripada VCO-wortel  namun tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan sehingga pembuatan VCO  wortel dapat memberi pengaruh yang baik terhadap kualitas VCO sebagai minyak goreng. Kata Kunci : Asam lemak bebas, Bobot jenis dan bilangan peroksida, VCO-Wortel THE QUALITY OF VIRGIN COCONUT OIL ( VCO ) MADE IN GRADUAL HEATING METHODS AS THE COOKING OIL WITH ADDITION CARROT (Daucus Carrota L.) ABSTRACT Research has been conducted to determine the quality of the VCO is processed by heating method with the addition of carrots ( VCO - carrots ) as well as comparison kualitasnnya cooking oil with VCO without the addition of carrots ( VCO ) , a commercial palm oil and coconut oil commercial. Quality parameters will be tested the moisture content , free fatty acid , peroxide type and weight. The results showed VCO - commercial carrot and coconut oil has a better quality before and after frying tests conducted on frozen potatoes three times . Results were tested statistically by Anova. compared with VCO and commercial palm oil . Although the value of fatty acids ( FFA ) and free weights commercial coconut oils are better than VCO - carrots but no significant difference thus making carrot VCO can give a good effect on the quality of the VCO as a cooking oil . Keywords : Free fatty acids,  Weight and type of peroxide, VCO-Carrots

scholarly journals RETENTION OF CAROTENE AND RETINYL PALMITATE IN PALM COOKING OIL AND THE PRODUCTS FRIED IN THE OIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-171
Author(s):  
Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Retinyl Palmitate ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Oil ◽  
Color Retention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Materials Used

Fortification of vitamin A in the cooking oil needs to be revisited given that the used oil is palm oil and fortificant form of vitamin A or retinol palmitate have to be imported. On the other hand, palm oil contains carotene as pro-vitamin A and potentially as an alternative of fortificant. The aim of this study was to compare the retention of carotene to retinol palmitate in palm cooking oil and the products fried in the oil using deep frying at 150°C. Materials used as fried products were potatoes, tofu and chicken. The quality of cooking oil that determined were the fatty acid composition, water content, free fatty acid, peroxide value, color, retention of carotene and retinol palmitate. While the quality of the products fried in the oil that determined were water, fat, carotene and retinol palmitate content. The results of this study showed that fortificant (carotene and retinol palmitate) no significant difference to the quality of cooking oil except color, retention of carotene and retinol palmitate. Fortificants also showed no significant difference to the quality of fried products. Retention of carotene showed significantly decreased with increasing frying repeatedly, but had a higher retention and significantly different than retinol palmitate. Retention of carotene in the frying pan first, second, third, fourth and fifth were in the range of 86-89%, 83-89%, 80-83%, 77-80% and 77-80%, while retinol palmitate were 68-100%, 58-97%, 51-89%, 50-84%, and 40-75%. Thus, carotene can be used as an alternative of fortificant in the palm cooking oil.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Relationship of Bacterial Species Involved in Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon Polluted Soils

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
R. B. Agbor ◽  
S. P. Antai
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Enterobacter Asburiae ◽  
Proteus Penneri ◽  
Relationship Of

The bio-stimulation of hydrocarbon degrading microbial population in soil using agricultural wastes was carried out. Top soil (0-25 cm depth) from three points were bulked to form composite soil samples, 6 kg each of the composite soil sample was weighed and transferred into 150 plastic buckets with drainage holes at the base. The soil in each plastic bucket was spiked with 300 ml crude oil and amended with different concentrations of agro-wastes and allowed for duration of 30, 60 and 90 days.  The soil samples were then collected and analysed for both total heterotrophic bacterial counts and crude-oil utilizing bacterial counts. Data collected were subjected to a three-way analysis of variance and significant means were separated using Least Significant Difference Test at 5% probability level. The result showed that the application of the amendments increased the bacterial counts in the soil at different treatment levels. However, a higher proliferation rate was observed with bacteria counts exposed to higher waste concentrations compared to their counterparts exposed to lower waste concentrations. The phylogenetic relationship of the hydrocarbon degrading bacterial species shows that the identified bacteria were in two clusters: cluster 1 consist of Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus altitudinis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Proteus penneri, while cluster 2 consist of Serratia marcescens, Providencia rettgeri and Enterobacter asburiae. The bacterial species obtained shows a greater relationship, this imply that the similarity of the bacterial species could be the reason for their high proficiency in degrading the hydrocarbons in the soil.

Thermal Effects on DNA Degradation in Blood and Seminal Stains: Forensic View

2021 ◽  
pp. 192536212199854
Author(s):  
Randa H. Abdel Hady ◽  
Hayam Z. Thabet ◽  
Noha Esmael Ebrahem ◽  
Heba A. Yassa
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Seminal Stains ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
C 50

Forensic investigations using DNA analysis have been grown rapidly. Samples retrieved from crime scene may be exposed to different conditions before proceeding. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different grades of temperature and burn on DNA extraction and typing. Methods: Seven mL of blood and four mL of semen were collected from each volunteer. Effects of temperature grades (100 °C, 50 °C, 37 °C, 4 °C, −20 °C, and burn) on blood and seminal stain were tested. Results: Bloodstains exposed to temperature grades 100 °C, 50 °C, 37 °C, 4 °C, and −20 °C can be identified using preliminary test while burnt blood stain cannot. Seminal stains exposed to temperature grades 37 °C, 4 °C, and −20 °C can be identified by Florence test while those exposed to 100 °C, 50 °C, and burn cannot. Blood and seminal stains exposed to temperature grades 100 °C, 50 °C, and burn show marked reduction in DNA concentration while maximum DNA conc could be recovered from stains exposed to temperature grade temperature. Both blood and seminal DNA was affected only in case of burn without significant difference between THO1 and Amelogenin primers. Conclusion: High environmental temperature affect the quantity of extracted DNA from different stains but less effect on the quality of extracted DNA. Burn affects both preliminary test, DNA quantity, and quality in stains.

Antecedents And Outcomes Of Qwl Among Employees In Banks

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Geethanjali N ◽  
Parveen Roja M ◽  
Lavanya D
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Quality Of Work Life ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Service Productivity ◽  
The Impact

Quality of work life is the major factor to be considered in working environment of any organization. The performance of employees and the organization lies on the ability of the employees based on working environment. The QWL leads to better working environment which improves the performance of organization. The present study has made an attempt to find the level of factors causing QWL and the impact of outcome of QWL in banks. Since the profile of the banks may be associated with the level of outcomes of QWL, the present study has made an attempt to examine it with the help of one way analysis of variance and t-test. The included outcomes of QWL are job satisfaction, job stress, organizational climate, organizational commitment, employees retention behaviour, service quality employees and service productivity of employees. The highly associated determinants of QWL and the significant difference among the PUSBs and PRSBs have been noticed. The significantly associating important profiles of the banks regarding the existence of outcome of QWL are identified.

DAYA SAING EKSPOR PRODUK CPO INDONESIA DAN POTENSI HILIRISASI DIOLAH MENJADI BIODIESEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danar Agus Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Global Market ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
A Value ◽  
World Demand ◽  
Domestic Use

ABSTRACTIndonesia is the world's largest producer of crude palm oil (CPO). Even so, the trend of international trade in Indonesian CPO products has decreased in the last 10 years with a value of -10.19%. The decline in world demand for CPO can be dealt with by utilizing CPO as a biofuel for domestic use, like biodiesel. The purpose of this study is to determine the competitiveness of Indonesian CPO in global trade and determine the parameters of the quality requirements of CPO and biodiesel. The competitiveness analysis method uses the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) method, while the analysis of the potential quality of CPO as a biofuel is carried out by analyzing the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). CPO trade in the global market is controlled by Indonesia with a market share of 50% and Malaysia 25.6%, with the declining trade trend in the last 10 years relatively (2010-2019) of -6.91%. The level of competitiveness of Indonesian CPO products in 2019 is very strong, but on average in the last 10 years, the level of competitiveness of Indonesian CPO is no better than that of Malaysia. Indonesia has SNI 01-2901-2006 and SNI 7182: 2015 as a determinant of the quality of CPO and biodiesel products developed in Indonesia so that the CPO and biodiesel produced fullfil sacurity and safety aspects when used by consumers.Keywords: crude palm oil (CPO), competitivenessv, quality, Indonesian National Standard (SNI) ABSTRAKIndonesia merupakan negara produsen minyak kelapa sawit mentah/ Crude Palm Oil (CPO) terbesar di dunia. Meskipun demikian, tren perdagangan internasional produk CPO Indonesia mengalami penurunan dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir dengan nilai -10,19%. Penurunan permintaan dunia terhadap CPO, dapat disiasati dengan memanfaatkan CPO sebagai bahan bakar nabati untuk keperluan dalam negeri sebagai biodiesel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui daya saing CPO Indonesia dalam perdagangan global dan mengetahui parameter persyaratan mutu CPO dan biodiesel. Metode analisis daya saing menggunakan metode Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), sedangkan analisis potensi kualitas CPO sebagai biofuel dilakukan dengan menganalisis Standar Nasional Indoensia (SNI). Perdagangan CPO dalam pasar global dikuasai oleh Indonesia dengan pangsa pasar 50% dan Malaysia 25,6%, dengan tren perdagangan relatif menurun dalam 10 tahun terakhir (2010-2019) sebesar -6,91%. Tingkat daya saing produk CPO Indonesia pada tahun 2019 sangat kuat, namun secara rata-rata dalam 10 tahun terakhir, tingkat daya saing CPO Indonesia tidak lebih baik dari Malaysia. Indonesia memiliki SNI 01-2901-2006 dan SNI 7182:2015 sebagai penentu kualitas produk CPO dan biodiesel yang dikembangkan di Indonesia, sehingga CPO dan biodiesel yang dihasilkan memenuhi aspek keamanan dan keselamatan ketika digunakan oleh konsumen.Kata kunci: crude palm oil (CPO), daya saing, kualitas, Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document