scholarly journals Changes in proteome profiles of rat liver microsomes induced by silicon dioxide nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
O.N. Tananova ◽  
E.A. Arianova ◽  
I.V. Gmoshinskii ◽  
I.Yu. Toropygin ◽  
E.V. Khryapova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
2D Electrophoresis ◽  
Rat Liver Microsomes ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Identification

The effect of daily intragastric administration of an aqueous dispersion of silicon nanoparticles (NPs) (the dose range from 1.0 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg body weight for 28 days) to rats on the proteomic profile of liver microsomes has been investigated by 2D-electrophoresis followed by subsequent mass spectrometry identification. The liver microsomal fraction was isolated by differential centrifugation and its protein composition was analyzed by 2D-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Identification of protein spots was carried out using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric analysis. The mass spectrometry analysis revealed the protein GRP78 (78 kD glucose-regulated protein precursor), belonging to the family of heat shock proteins. This protein present in animals of the control group was not detected in NP-treated rats of group 2 (1 mg/kg body weight/day) and group 3 (10 mg/kg body weight/day). This protein predominantly localized in the liver cell endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane has the chaperone biological activity. Possible mechanisms of the effects of engineered nanoparticles on biosynthetic processes in the body are discussed.

L-Ascorbic Acid Addition to Chitosan Reduces Body Weight in Overweight Women

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Y. Jung ◽  
Sung C. Jun ◽  
Un J. Chang ◽  
Hyung J. Suh
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Body Weights

Previously, we have found that the addition of L-ascorbic acid to chitosan enhanced the reduction in body weight gain in guinea pigs fed a high-fat diet. We hypothesized that the addition of L-ascorbic acid to chitosan would accelerate the reduction of body weight in humans, similar to the animal model. Overweight subjects administered chitosan with or without L-ascorbic acid for 8 weeks, were assigned to three groups: Control group (N = 26, placebo, vehicle only), Chito group (N = 27, 3 g/day chitosan), and Chito-vita group (N = 27, 3 g/day chitosan plus 2 g/day L-ascorbic acid). The body weights and body mass index (BMI) of the Chito and Chito-vita groups decreased significantly (p < 0.05) compared to the Control group. The BMI of the Chito-vita group decreased significantly compared to the Chito group (Chito: -1.0 kg/m2 vs. Chito-vita: -1.6 kg/m2, p < 0.05). The results showed that the chitosan enhanced reduction of body weight and BMI was accentuated by the addition of L-ascorbic acid. The fat mass, percentage body fat, body circumference, and skinfold thickness in the Chito and Chito-vita groups decreased more than the Control group; however, these parameters were not significantly different between the three groups. Chitosan combined with L-ascorbic acid may be useful for controlling body weight.

The Effect of Feeding Date Palm Fruit (Phoeix dactylifera L.) on Energy, Macronutrient, and Fiber Intakes of a Convenient Sample of Females

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1270-1277
Author(s):  
Hiba F. Al-Sayyed ◽  
Hamed R. Takruri ◽  
Nawal A. Bakir ◽  
Dima H. Takruri
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hormone Concentration ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Menstrual Status ◽  
Feeding Duration ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Background : Female menstrual changes in hormone concentration influence appetite and eating behavior. As well, eating pattern has some influences on menstrual hormonal status. Feeding date palm fruit has been found in our previous report to affect menstrual hormones and some menstrual parameters. Objective: The aim of this research is to study the effect of feeding dates on energy, macronutrient, and fiber intakes, body weight, and body fat%. Additionally, this study aims to find any correlation between menstrual hormone concentration and the above-mentioned parameters. Methods: A convenient sample (n=37) of not-sexually active females aged 20-30 were divided into two groups; one group (dates group) was fed 7 dates and the other served as a control group. The participants of the control group were exposed to the same experimental conditions except for eating dates. Throughout the feeding trial, the volunteers filled a 3-day food record; one menses day and two non-menses days. Results: There was a significant effect of the menstrual status-feeding duration interaction in terms of protein and fat intakes. Additionally, menstrual status, as well as feeding duration, affected energy and macronutrient intakes significantly. Furthermore, feeding duration affected fiber intake significantly. Despite the above-mentioned differences in energy and macronutrient intakes, these effects didn’t affect the body weight and body mass index of the study participants, neither their body fat%. Moreover, we have found significant correlations between nutrient intakes and menstrual hormone concentration. Conclusion : Feeding dates affected energy, macronutrient, and fiber intakes significantly. These effects were related to the changes in menstrual hormone concentration.

Effect of High Plane of Nutrition on Blood Biochemical Profile and Onset of Puberty in Prepubertal HF X Kankrej Crossbred Heifers

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
K K Hadiya ◽  
A J Dhami ◽  
D V Chaudhari ◽  
P M Lunagariya
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
The Body ◽  
Monthly Interval ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Lower Protein ◽  
The Mean

This study was initiated on 24 prepubertal Holstein x Kankrej crossbred heifers of nearly identical age (7-9 months) and body weight (130-140 kg) at University farm to evaluate the effect of high plane of nutrition on blood biochemical and minerals profile and the age at puberty. Twelve heifers were managed under routine farm feeding (control) and the rest 12 under ideal optimum feeding regime (treatment) that included extra 1 kg concentrate, 30 g min mix and ad-lib dry fodder. The body weight and ovarian ultrasonography together with blood sampling was carried out at monthly interval from 10 to 18 months of age to study the ovarian dynamics and blood biochemical changes. High plane of nutrition to growing heifers was beneficial in reducing the age of onset of puberty (by 2-3 months) compared to routine farm fed group. The mean plasma total protein and cholesterol concentrations showed a rising trend with significant variations from 10 to 16 months of age, where it got mostly stabilized indicating adult profile. The activity of enzymes GOT and GPT also rose gradually and significantly from 10 months till 14-15 months of age, and thereafter it remained more or less static till 18 months of age. The levels of both these enzymes were higher, with lower protein and cholesterol, in control than the treatment group from 15-16 months of age onwards. The mean plasma levels of both calcium and phosphorus increased gradually and significantly with advancing age till 16-17 months of age, with little higher values in supplemented than a control group. The plasma levels of zinc, iron, copper, and cobalt also showed rising trend with significant differences between 10th and 12th-14th months of age, and from 15th to 18th months of age the levels were statistically the same in all the groups with slightly higher values in the treatment group.

scholarly journals Nontargeted Metabolomics by High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry to Study the In Vitro Metabolism of a Dual Inverse Agonist of Estrogen-Related Receptors β and γ, DN203368

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Sin-Eun Kim ◽  
Seung-Bae Ji ◽  
Euihyeon Kim ◽  
Minseon Jeong ◽  
Jina Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Human Liver Microsomes ◽  
Rat Liver Microsomes ◽  
High Resolution Mass ◽  
Resolution Mass

DN203368 ((E)-3-[1-(4-[4-isopropylpiperazine-1-yl]phenyl) 3-methyl-2-phenylbut-1-en-1-yl] phenol) is a 4-hydroxy tamoxifen analog that is a dual inverse agonist of estrogen-related receptor β/γ (ERRβ/γ). ERRγ is an orphan nuclear receptor that plays an important role in development and homeostasis and holds potential as a novel therapeutic target in metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, and cancer. ERRβ is also one of the orphan nuclear receptors critical for many biological processes, such as development. We investigated the in vitro metabolism of DN203368 by conventional and metabolomic approaches using high-resolution mass spectrometry. The compound (100 μM) was incubated with rat and human liver microsomes in the presence of NADPH. In the metabolomic approach, the m/z value and retention time information obtained from the sample and heat-inactivated control group were statistically evaluated using principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis. Significant features responsible for group separation were then identified using tandem mass spectra. Seven metabolites of DN203368 were identified in rat liver microsomes and the metabolic pathways include hydroxylation (M1-3), N-oxidation (M4), N-deisopropylation (M5), N,N-dealkylation (M6), and oxidation and dehydrogenation (M7). Only five metabolites (M2, M3, and M5-M7) were detected in human liver microsomes. In the conventional approach using extracted ion monitoring for values of mass increase or decrease by known metabolic reactions, only five metabolites (M1-M5) were found in rat liver microsomes, whereas three metabolites (M2, M3, and M5) were found in human liver microsomes. This study revealed that nontargeted metabolomics combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry and multivariate analysis could be a more efficient tool for drug metabolite identification than the conventional approach. These results might also be useful for understanding the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of DN203368 in animals and humans.

Significance of graded doses of aqueous seed extract of Moringa oleifera (L) on live body weight, gonadal, extragonadal dimensions and sperm reserves of Yankasa rams

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
And Control ◽  
Standard Techniques ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of Moringa oleifera aqueous seed extract on live body weight, gonadal and extragonadal dimensions and sperm reserves of Yankasa rams. Twenty five apparently healthy Yankasa rams aged 1-2 years and weighing 19.0 ± 2.1 Kg were used for the study. The rams were randomly selected into five groups: A, B, C, D and E with five rams in each group as treatment and control groups respectively. Groups A - D were given oral dose of Moringa oleifera aqueous seed extract at a dose rate of 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 (mg/kg), respectively while group E was given 10 ml/kg water orally, daily for five months. Live body weight, gonadal and extragonadal reserves were determined according to standard techniques. The results showed a significant increase in live body weight in the months of April to June among rams treated with different doses of Moringa oleifera aqueous seed extract compared with the control group. The control group showed no significant differences in the body weight, gonadal and extragonadal dimensions and sperm reserves. In conclusion, the treatment of Yankasa rams with Moringa oleifera aqueous seed extract increased live body weight, but had no significant effects on gonadal and extragonadal dimensions and sperm reserves in Yankasa rams. Therefore, it is recommended that M. oleifera aqueous seed extract can be used at doses of 2000mg/kg to 3000mg/kg in Yankasa rams for optimum gain in live body weight.

A study on the safety evaluation of buphrenorphine administered through an autoinjector compared with manual injection using haematological and biochemical variables in rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 901-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Sheela ◽  
R Vijayaraghavan ◽  
S Senthilkumar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Weight Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Manual Group ◽  
Significant Change

Buprenorphine drug cartridge was made for autoinjector device for use in emergency and critical situations to reduce the morbidity and mortality. Water-filled cartridges were prepared and buprenorphine was injected aseptically in the cartridge, to make 0.05 and 0.10 mg/mL. Rats were injected intraperitoneally, buprenorphine (0.3 and 0.6 mg/kg), repeatedly with the autoinjector and compared with manual injection (7 days and 14 days) using various haematological and biochemical parameters. No significant change was observed in the body weight, organ to body weight ratio and haematological variables in any of the experimental groups compared with the control group. Except serum urea and aspartate aminotransferase, no significant change was observed in glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, bilirubin, protein, albumin, creatinine, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, gamma glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase. The autoinjectors deliver the drugs with spray effect and force for faster absorption. In the present study, the autoinjector meant for intramuscular injection was injected intraperitoneally in rats, and the drug was delivered with force on the vital organs. No significant difference was observed in the autoinjector group compared to the manual group showing tolerability and safety of the buphrenorphine autoinjector. This study shows that buprenorphine autoinjector can be considered for further research work.

scholarly journals THE USE OF BIOSTIMULANT FOR INCREASING THE BODY WEIGHT GAIN OF CHICKENS

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 800-812
Author(s):  
Ilgiz DOLININ ◽  
George BAZEKIN ◽  
Evgeny SKOVORODIN ◽  
Almaz SHARIPOV ◽  
Ivan CHUDOV
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immunological Parameters

Poultry farming holds a special place in ensuring the products that the consumers demand, it provides the population with essential food products,such as eggs and meat,that contain vital micro and macronutrients, proteins, lipids, and vitamins. Therefore, the issues of rational, economically feasible feeding of meat poultry, namely broiler chickens, are an urgent task. It is also essential to find effective methods of their application in order to correct the natural resistance and immune and biological reactivity of birds. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of the biological stimulant-Nucleostim on the growth and development of chickens, hematological, and immunological parameters of the blood of birds.This Biostimulant is a purified bovine spleen extract containing at least 1 mg / ml of low molecular weight peptides (nucleotides and nucleosides) formed as a result of autolysis, using dry whey and diatomite as fillers. Onthe application ofNucleostim, the gain in live weight of chickens was increased by 9.7%. At the end of the experiment, the livability of the chicks of the experimental group treated with Nucleostimcame up to 88%, compared with the 72% of the control group. The use of biostimulant had a stimulating effect on the liver of chickens confirmed by the research results presented in the article, as well as contributed to the development of the thymus in the setting of general dystrophy. Thus, it improved chicklivability and increased body weight gain. The biological stimulant-Nucleostim as an adaptogenic, anabolic, and immunostimulatory agent is promising for finding new drugs that improve the health and productivity of poultry.

scholarly journals Preclinical evaluation of the veterinary drug “Amoxidev 15” for its use in surgical and obstetric practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (103) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
L.-M. Kostyshyn ◽  
R. Sachuk ◽  
Ye. Kostyshyn ◽  
O. Katsaraba
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Veterinary Drug ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
White Rats

Suspension for injection “Amoxidev 15” is prescribed to fur-bearing animals (mink, fox), dogs and cats for the treatment of respiratory diseases (tonsillitis, tracheitis, pneumonia, bronchitis, rhinitis, sinusitis, bronchopneumonia), digestive (gastritis, enteritis, enteritis). genitourinary systems (nephritis, urethritis, urocystitis, mastitis, metritis, agalactia), musculoskeletal system (arthritis, osteoarthritis, joint injuries, tendonitis, hoof lesions), skin and soft tissues (eczema, dermatitis) caused by sensitive drug by microorganisms, including colibacillosis, streptococcus, bronchopneumonia, etc. Toxicological evaluation of the veterinary drug “Amoxidev 15” under the conditions of acute and subacute toxicological experiments on a model of white rats. According to the results of an acute toxicological experiment with intragastric administration of the drug “Amoxidev 15” white rats DL50 could not be calculated because the death of laboratory animals was not detected within 14 days after administration. The maximum administered dose (in absolute weight of the drug) was 20000.0 mg/kg body weight, which allows to refer the drug to class VI toxicity of relatively harmless substances (DL50 > 15000 mg/kg body weight), and the degree of safety to class IV – low-hazard substances (DL50 > 5000 mg/kg). According to the results of an acute toxicological experiment with subcutaneous administration of the drug “Amoxidev 15” white rats DL50 could not be calculated because the death of laboratory animals was not detected within 14 days after administration, the maximum dose was 5000.0 mg/kg body weight, therefore, the drug “Amoxidev 15” when administered subcutaneously by toxicity can be classified as class VI substances relatively harmless (DL50 Subcut > 4500.0 mg/kg). When administered subcutaneously to white rats, the drug “Amoxidev 15” under conditions of subacute toxicological experiment in doses of 0.1–1.0 ml/kg does not cause hemo-, hepato- and nephrotoxic effects on the body of laboratory animals, although 3-day administration of the drug in a dose 1.0 ml/kg body weight caused an increase in the activity of hepatospecific enzymes ALT and AST by 12.5 and 11.1 % (P < 0.05), respectively, relative to the control, which was restored to the control level 7 days after cessation.

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