scholarly journals Evaluation of antidepressant effect of aqueous extract of Psidium guajava leaves on Wistar albino rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Chaitra S. R. ◽  
Roopa P. Nayak ◽  
Uttara Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: Depression is one of the common mental disorder prevalent worldwide. Use of herbal medicines in the treatment of depression is becoming popular because of adverse effects of existing non herbal drugs. In this study Psidium guajava leaf aqueous extract is screened for antidepressant activity in Wistar albino rats.Methods: Wistar albino rats of both sex were used. After performing acute toxicity study, dose of test drug was fixed to 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg. Test and standard drugs were administered for 10 days orally. Standard drug used was Imipramine. Antidepressant activity was assessed using forced swim test and tail suspension test.Results: Statistical analysis was done by one way ANOVA followed by Tukey Kramer. Aqueous extract of Psidium guajava leaves showed significant antidepressant activity. Both Psidium guajava aqueous extract (PGAE)-100mg/kg and 200mg/kg showed antidepressant effect but compared to 100mg/kg dose of PGAE, 200mg/kg showed significant antidepressant activity.Conclusions: From this study it can be concluded that aqueous extract of Psidium guajava leaves has antidepressant activity.

scholarly journals A comparative study of the antidepressant effect of ondansetron and granisetron on Albino mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 2922
Author(s):  
Mansi J. Shah ◽  
Geetha M. ◽  
Rahul H. D. ◽  
Shashikala G. H.
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Test Drug ◽  
Standard Drug

Background: Ondansetron and granisetron are selective 5-HT receptor antagonists used as antiemetics. The present study as aimed at comparing the antidepressant activity of ondansetron and granisetron in animal experimental models.Methods: The study was done after obtaining approval from the institutional animal ethical committee of JJM Medical college, Davangere and CPCSEA. A total of 24 mice of either sex and of weight between 20-40g were included in the study. The antidepressant activity of ondansetron and granisetron was evaluated in mice using forced swim test model (FST) and tail suspension test model (TST). In both the experimental models animals were divided into 4 groups and received the following drugs- Group 1 (control) - normal saline 10mg/kg i.p, Group 2 (standard)-fluoxetine 10mg/kg i.p, Group 3(test drug 1), ondansetron 2mg/kg i.p, Group 4 (test drug 2)- granisetron 0.5mg/kg i.p. The duration of immobility was noted and compared amongst the 4 groups in both the models 60 min after drug administration. The observations were analysed using ANOVA (one way) and post hoc Tukey’s test.Results: The test drugs showed significant reduction in duration of immobility in both the models. In FST and TST models, granisetron (0.5mg/kg i.p) showed a significant reduction in immobility period of 10.33 sec and 67 secs respectively when compared to ondansetron (2mg/kg i.p) and the standard drug fluoxetine (10mg/kg i.p).Conclusions: The results of study suggest that granisetron may be useful as a potential candidate for treatment of depression. Hence further animal studies with different model for depression and clinical studies should be conducted in order to choose the better drug for treatment PONV which is often associated with depression.

scholarly journals Antidepressant activity of Trigonella foenum leaves in Wistar albino rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 963
Author(s):  
Roopa P. Nayak ◽  
Prabhakar Adake ◽  
Hafis T. K.
Keyword(s):  
Drug Administration ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: To evaluate antidepressant activity of ethanolic extract of Trigonella foenum in animal models.Methods: A total of 60 healthy male Wistar albino rats weighing 220-250 grams were used and they were divided into 10 groups of 6 rats in each. First five groups (1st -5th) were evaluated by Forced Swim Test (FST) and remaining by Tail Suspension Test (TST). 1st group (control) received normal saline 10 mg/kg, 2nd group (standard) Imipramine 10 mg/kg and 3rd, 4th and 5th groups (test) respectively received Trigonella foenum leaf ethanolic extract [TFEE] in different doses 100 mg, 200 mg, and 400 mg/kg per orally for 14 days. They were evaluated for antidepressant activity using FST after 60 minutes of drug administration on 14th day. Similarly, remaining five groups (6th to 10th) received the same drugs and evaluated using TST after 60 minutes of drug administration. Duration of immobility was noted for six minutes for each rat.Results: One way ANOVA and Tukey Krammer test were used for statistical analysis. The immobility periods were expressed in mean±SD. The immobility period in FST were 207.16±28.7, 50.08±2.9, 46.14±1.2, 40.5±3.4 and 40.0±3.6 seconds respectively for control, standard and three test groups of TFEE (100/200/400 mg/kg). Similarly, immobility periods of 163.11±31.9, 125.03±11.2, 138.81±16.44, 138.16±12.65, 127.58±4.3 seconds were noted for TST for remaining six groups. It was found that TFEE possess statistically significant (p<0.05) antidepressant activity, as evidenced by decrease in the immobility time in both the tests when compared to control group.Conclusions: Present study results demonstrated that TFEE possess antidepressant property in experimental models of depression.

scholarly journals Study of Antidepressant Activity of Garcinia indica(Kokum) Fruit Rind in Wistar Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (36) ◽  
pp. 3077-3082
Author(s):  
Bhagyashree Ajjakana ◽  
Roopa Prasad Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Garcinia Indica ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Suspension Test

BACKGROUND Depression is a mental disorder which is treatable but detected less often in primary healthcare settings. Therefore, there is a need for an effective treatment strategy for the management of depression. Garcinia indica (Thouars) Choisy is a slender evergreen tree. An invitro animal study has shown that its phytochemical constituent, hydroxy citric acid has the ability to increase serotonin levels in the brain. Hence, the objective of the study was to evaluate the antidepressant activity of ethanolic extract of Garcinia indica fruit rind in animal models of depression and compare it with control and standard drugs, imipramine, and fluoxetine. METHODS The study was conducted on Wistar albino rats of either sex. The animals were grouped into five, containing six animals in each group. Control (0.1 % carboxymethylcellulose, 10ml/kg), ethanolic extract of Garcinia indica (GIEE1) – 250mg/kg, ethanolic extract of Garcinia indica (GIEE2) – 500mg/kg, Standard1 - Imipramine – 10mg/kg ( Forced Swim test only) and Standard2 - Fluoxetine – 20mg/kg (Tail suspension test only). Drugs were administered for 14 days and antidepressant activity was evaluated on the 14th day after one hour of drug administration using two models - Forced swim test and tail suspension test. Results were tabulated as mean ± SEM (standard error of mean). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey Kramer test was used to interpret the statistical significance. RESULTS The period of immobility was obtained as 21.83 ± 1.44 and14.66 ± 2.74 in forced swim test and 36.8 ± 1.01 and 14.3 ± 0.954 in tail suspension test in GIEE1 and GIEE2 treated groups respectively, which was significantly less compared to control. CONCLUSIONS Garcinia indica has significant antidepressant activity compared to the control. KEY WORDS Antidepressant, Garcinia indica, Fruit Rind, Wistar Albino Rats

scholarly journals The effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation on experimental depression in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulika Singhal ◽  
Saroj Kothari
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
World Population ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Gum Acacia ◽  
Group I

Background: Depressive disorder is a prevalent psychiatric disorder, which affects 21% of the world population. Many drugs which are available as effective antidepressants produce various side effects like sedation weight gain postural hypotension etc., so there is need to develop novel compounds with minimized side effects. Hence this study was aimed to investigate the antidepressant activity of DHA, an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in albino mice.Methods: Animals were divided into four groups, consisting six mice in each group. Out of these, group I served as control (2% gum acacia), group II and III received test drug in two different doses 200mg/kg and 300mg/kg respectively and group IV received fluoxetine (20mg/kg) as standard drug. To determine the antidepressant-like activity, we used forced swim test and tail suspension test in mice. These methods are based on the observation that a mouse show alternating agitation and immobility; the immobility is indicative of a state of depression.Results: DHA produced significant antidepressant effect at all the doses, as indicated by reduction in immobility times as compared to control in both FST and TST. (P˂0.05) The efficacy of DHA at dose of 300 mg/kg was comparable with that of fluoxetine. DHA at 200mg/kg dose showed significantly less antidepressant activity compared to fluoxetine. (P˂0.05).Conclusions: The result specifies that compared to two doses of DHA (200mg/kg and 300mg/kg), higher dose of DHA found as an effective dose for treating depression produced due to stress.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic activity of Manomani chooranam aqueous extract on female wistar albino rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 2153
Author(s):  
Sabari Anandh J. V. ◽  
Manimekalai Kumarappan ◽  
Padmavathi Shanmuganathan ◽  
Subha Vinayagam ◽  
Iyyankannu . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of Manomani chooranam (MMC), an indigenous polyherbal siddha formulation in Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic female Wistar albino rats.Methods: Aqueous extract of MMC was prepared. Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups (n=6). Group 1 was kept as normal control, Group 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were induced diabetes. After induction, the group 2 was kept as diabetes control; Group 3 received the standard drug metformin (100 mg/kg), whereas Groups 4, 5 and 6 were treated with the aqueous extract of MMC at 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg and 1250 mg/kg doses, respectively for the 21 days. Blood sugar was estimated at the end of each week. At the end of the study, rats were sacrificed and the pancreas was analyzed for histopathological changes. Data expressed as mean±standard error of the mean. Statistical analysis was done using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey's test. p<0.05 considered statistically significant.Results: The groups which received aqueous extract of MMC at 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg and 1250 mg/kg showed a significant decrease in the mean blood sugar level when compared to normal level. The groups which received MMC shows significant reduction in blood sugar level in comparison with standard drug metformin 100 mg/kg.Conclusions: The aqueous extract of MMC was able to decrease the elevated blood sugar levels in dose dependent manner.

Harmane suppresses microglial neuroinflammatory response and induce antidepressant-like effect in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S366-S366 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Aricioglu ◽  
G. Arkan ◽  
C. Kandemir ◽  
S. Sirvanci ◽  
C. Ozkartal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Sucrose Preference ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Imidazoline Receptors ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

ObjectiveHarmane is a beta-carboline, which binds to imidazoline receptors and it has been previously shown that it may have an antidepressant effect when administered acutely. This study is planned to investigate the effect of harmane on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model and microglial (Iba-1) immunoreactivity in the same model as markers of neuroinflammation.MethodsMale Wistar Albino rats (290–360 g) were divided into groups such as control (saline), CUMS, CUMS + Imipramine (20 mg/kg; i.p.), CUMS + Harmane5 (5 mg/kg; i.p.), CUMS + Harmane10 (10 mg/kg; i.p.) groups (n = 10–12 in each). In CUMS model, various stressors were applied for 40 days. On day 20, harmane administration was started for 20 days. At the end, sucrose preference and forced swimming tests were performed. Then, brains were removed with paraformaldehyde perfusion for Iba-1 immunohistochemical analysis in hippocampus. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test were used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe time of immobility in forced swim test was significantly reduced while sucrose preference was increased in Imipramine and CUMS + harmane10 groups. In immunohistochemical experiments, Iba-1 were overexpressed in CUMS group and Harmane significantly reduced the overexpression of Iba-1.ConclusionOur results suggest that chronic administration of harmane has an antidepressant-like activity in chronic stress model of depression. These results support the notion of imidazoline receptors involvement in depression by modulating neuroinflammation and at least a part of its antidepressant effect might be through modulating microglial activation as a reflection of neuroinflammation.This research was supported by Marmara University, Scientific Research Projects – SAG-C-YLP-110915-0415 and SAG-E-120613-0233.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Ethanolic Extract ofTabernaemontana divaricata(L.) R. Br. against DEN and Fe NTA Induced Liver Necrosis in Wistar Albino Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kannappan Poornima ◽  
Palanisamy Chella Perumal ◽  
Velliyur Kanniappan Gopalakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Liver Necrosis ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Tabernaemontana Divaricata ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

This study is an attempt to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity ofTabernaemontana divaricataagainst DEN and Fe NTA induced liver necrosis in rats. Ethanolic extract of the whole plant ofTabernaemontana divaricataat doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight and 5-fluorouracil (standard drug) was orally administered to male Wistar Albino rats once daily for 24 weeks, simultaneously treated with the carcinogen DEN and Fe NTA. In simultaneously treated animals, the plant extract significantly decreased the levels of uric acid, bilirubin, AST, ALT, and ALP in serum and increased the levels of liver marker enzymes in liver. Treatment with the extracts resulted in a significant increase in the levels of antioxidants accompanied by a marked reduction in the levels of malondialdehyde when compared to DEN and Fe NTA treated group. When compared with 200 mg/kg bw rats, 400 mg/kg bw rats and 5-fluorouracil treated rats showed better results in all the parameters. The histopathological studies confirmed the protective effects of extract against DEN and Fe NTA induced liver necrosis. Thus, it could be concluded that the use ofTabernaemontana divaricataextract in the treatment of carcinogen induced hepatic necrosis.

Hypolipidemic effect of prepared Polyherbal formulations in Wistar albino rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 4314-4320
Author(s):  
Ranjan Kumar Giri ◽  
Sunil Kumar Kanungo ◽  
Saroj Kumar Patro ◽  
Minaketan Sahoo ◽  
Dibya Sundar Panda
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Lipid lowering effect of polyherbal formulations using eight different plants was evaluated in triton and diet induced hyperlipidemic models of wistar albino rats. Formulations such as Tablet, Syrup and Suspension inhibited the elevation in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels on Triton WR 1339 administration rats. The formulations at the same dose level significantly attenuated the elevated serum total cholesterol and triglycerides with an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats. The standard drug Niacin showed slightly better effects. The treatment with herbal formulations produced 30-35 percentage improvement in oral glucose tolerance. Similarly all the formulations also reduced the elevated C-reactive protein which is a marker of Hyperlipidemia. In histopathological study it was found that treatment of polyherbal formulation significantly reduced the plaque size in aorta compared with HFD treated control group. The outcome of the study reveals the lipid lowering activity of polyherbal formulations in dyslipidaemic conditions by interfering with the biosynthesis of cholesterol and utilization of lipids.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SMILAX WIGHTII (A. DC.) IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Uma Maheswari P ◽  
Shalimol A ◽  
Arumugasamy A ◽  
Udhaya Sankar M.R
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wound Contraction ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Excision Wound ◽  
Wound Model ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Incision Wound ◽  
Wound Healing Activity

The present experimental study was designed to evaluate the wound healing activity of methanolic extract of Smilax wightii A. DC. on incision and excision wound models in Wistar albino rats. The parameters studied were wound breaking strength, wound contraction area, epithelialization period, granulation tissuewet, dry weight and hydroxyproline content in incision wound model, percentage of wound contraction and period of epithelialization in excision wound model. The rats were administered topically with 100mg/kg b.wt. (low dosage), 200mg/kg b.wt. (moderate dosage) and 500mg/kg b.wt. (high dosage) of methanolicextract of Smilax wightii (MESW). The activity of the extract treated groups were compared with that of the control 1% Spirit. Framycetin sulphate 0.2% w/w was used as the standard drug. In incision wound model, there was a significant increase in the wound breaking strength in all the experimental groups treated withMESW than that of the control. Similarly, significant (P<0.001) decrease in wound contraction area and period of epithelialization were also observed in the test group animals treated with MESW and the standard drug treated groups when compared to that of the control. , a significant increase was observed in granulation tissue wet and dry weight and hydroxyproline content in the test groups treated with MESW compared to the control. In exicision wound model, there was a significant increase (P<0.01) in the percentage of wound contraction and decrease in period of epithelialization in the experimental groups treated with 200mg/kgb.wt. (moderate dosage) and 500mg/kgb.wt (high dosage) of MESW. The extract treated groups showed significant improvement in all the wound healing parameters of incision, and excision wound models.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antidiabetic activity of fruit of Coriandrum sativum. Linn methanolic extract in Streptozocin induced diabetic wistar Albino rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Ahmed S. K. ◽  
Chakrapani Cheekavolu ◽  
Sampath D. ◽  
Sunil M.
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: Diabetes prevalence is estimated to increase annually. Numerous people use traditional medicine, such as India also considered as the diabetic capital in the world. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by disturbances in lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism. The present study to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of coriandrum sativum. linn fruits methanolic extract in streptozocin induced diabetic wistar albino rats model.Methods: Diabetes induction in wistar albino rats by administration of streptozocin (50mg/kg, i.p.) in citrate buffer. 30 wistar albino rats were divided into 5 groups (A, B, C, D, E). Group A: served as normal control, whereas Group B: diabetic control, Group C, D methanolic coriandrum sativum Linn. fruits extract (CSFME) at a dose of 100, 200mg/kg orally, Group E was given standard drug Glibenclamide (0.5mg/kg) orally. All groups are administered for the period of 14 consecutive days and blood sugar levels was measured at regular intervals up to end of the study.Results: This present research study confirms that the test drug compound CSFME has sustained oral hypoglycaemic activity and statistically significant (p ≤0.05) and which is comparable with standard drug Glibenclamide.Conclusions: This research study confirms that the CSFME has antidiabetic activity against streptozocin induced wistar diabetic albino rats. It could be a novel antidiabetic agent and also a dietary adjunct in the type 2 diabetes management and its complication. Further studies are necessary required to confirm the antidiabetic activity of individual phytochemical compounds of Coriandrum sativum.

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