Hepatitis B sero-prevalence among blood donors in Haryana: a retrospective record based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 3827
Author(s):  
P. K. Sehgal ◽  
Anubha Garg
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
North India ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Past Infection ◽  
Test Kit

Background: In India, it is mandatory to screen blood donors for HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis and malaria. Hepatitis B is a major public health problem worldwide. Approximately 30% of the world’s population or about 2 billion persons have serological evidence of either current or past infection with hepatitis B virus. The prevalence of chronic HBV infection in India ranges from 2% to 10% as shown by different studies. India therefore comes under the intermediate to high endemicity category. The objective of this study was to carry out with the aim to find out the sero-prevalence of hepatitis B infection and its trend among the blood donors a hospital based blood transfusion service set up in north India over a period of seven years.Methods: It was record based retrospective study from 2007 to 2013. Before donation "Blood Donation Form" had been filled by every donor and this form had particulars about age, gender, address, and occupation, date of previous donation, any illness and medical treatment taken. The donor blood samples were collected at the time of blood donation from the primary bag and HbsAg screening was done using rapid test kit based on the principle of a one-step immunoassay. Samples showing repeat test reactivity on both methods were considered positive and were included for calculation of seroprevalence.Results: A prevalence of 01.13% of hepatitis B infection was seen among the donors from the period 2007-2013. The trend of hepatitis B prevalence among donors has been fluctuating while ranging from 0.94% to 1.63%.Conclusions: Reduction in seroprevalence among voluntary donors requires an effective donor education and high quality selection programme especially during big blood donation camps. For a safe blood service in our country, where comprehensive laboratory tests are neither possible nor pragmatic, it is best to switch over to 100% voluntary donations, as it is now established that only voluntary non-remunerated regular donation is the safest. Thus, one of our key strategies to enhance blood safety is to focus on motivating non-remunerated blood donors and phasing out even replacement donors.

scholarly journals Safety of Family Replacement Donors vs. Voluntary Non-Remunerated Donors in Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana: A Comparative Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
O Addai-Mensah ◽  
PA Bashiru ◽  
EE Dogbe
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional

Blood safety remains a challenge to many countries in sub-Saharan Africa including Ghana due to poorly planned blood donation exercises in the various communities. Blood and its products usual-ly come from two main sources; voluntary non-remunerated donors (VNRD) and family replace-ment donors (FRD). In Ghana, and in many developing countries, FRDs seem to be the major source of blood supply whilst in developed countries VNRDs are the major source. This study de-termined and compared the prevalence of four transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs); HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and Treponema palladium (TP) among FRDs and VNRDs at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital to compare the safety of blood from these two groups. This cross-sectional study was undertaken at the transfusion medicine unit (TMU) of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital between March and May 2014. A total of 400 blood donors (200 FRDs and 200 VNRDs) were enrolled in this study after obtaining written informed consent. Blood samples from each of the donors were then tested for HIV, hepatitis B and C, and syphilis using rapid test kits. ABO and Rhesus blood groups were also determined for all the samples. Prev-alence of TTIs was higher among FRDs (23.5%) than in VNRDs (3.5%) with males (47) been more infected than females (7). Age group 21- 30 years was the most infected, followed by age groups 31- 40 years, 11- 20 years, 41- 50 years and 51- 60 years respectively. FRDs among the younger age group, 17- 30 years, were also more infected than their VNRD counterparts. Repeat blood donors among the VNRD group, were found to be safer than their first-time counterparts. Overall, TTIs were significantly higher in the FRD group than in the VNRD group. The prevalence rates of all the infections tested were higher in the FRD group compared to the VNRD group. FRDs were the higher risk population for TTIs in comparison to VNRDs. VNRDs should therefore be encouraged to donate blood regularly.Keywords: Transfusion Transmissible Infections, HBsAg, HCV, HIV, Treponema pallidum

scholarly journals Trends in Prevalence of Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) virus infection among blood donors in Apollo Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2007-2011

Pulse ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
KM Huda ◽  
TA Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Recruitment And Selection

Transfusion transmitted infection (TTIs) is still a concern associated with blood transfusion as hepatitis B and hepatitis C remains a major public health problem in a country like Bangladesh. The trends of the prevalence of HBsAg and HCV infection among the healthy blood donors even in a tertiary level hospital could be a guide for planning and implementing programs for preventive measures. All samples of a total 18,381 unit of blood were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen and anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies at Apollo Hospitals Dhaka over a period of 5 years (2007-2011). The prevalence of HBV and HCV infection was calculated by year to demonstrate the trends. The overall sero prevalence rate of HBV and HCV among all blood donors at Apollo Hospitals, Dhaka during 2007 to 2011 was 1.42% and 0.10% respectively. There was decreasing trend observed in sero prevalence of HBV (1.77% vs 1.64%) and HCV (0.13% vs 0.02%) over five years of time, although this change was not statistically significant (p=0.16 for HBV and p=0.20 for HCV). However, a significant decreasing trend was observed in the sero prevalence of HBV among blood donors aged 30 years and above, which was 1.04% in 2011 against 1.73% in 2007 (p=0.04). The decreasing trend in the prevalence of HBV and HCV infection might be the result of improvement in donor recruitment and selection, replacement donation exclusion in transfusion services, and possibly decreasing HBV infection prevalence in general population. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pulse.v6i1-2.20330 Pulse Vol.6 January-December 2013 p.27-32

scholarly journals Prevalence of Goiter and Associated Factors Among Adolescents in Gazgibla District, Northeast Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 216495612092362
Author(s):  
Gebremedhin Gebremichael ◽  
Melake Demena ◽  
Gudina Egata ◽  
Berhe Gebremichael
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Northeast Ethiopia ◽  
Test Kit

Background Although goiter is a major public health problem in Ethiopia and affects a large number of people, there was little evidence among adolescents particularly in Northern Ethiopia. This study was, therefore, aimed at investigating the prevalence of goiter and associated factors among adolescents in Gazgibla District, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 596 adolescents from August 5–30, 2019. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Adolescents were assessed for goiter based on World Health Organization criteria. The level of iodine in household salt samples was tested using rapid test kit. Data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and exported into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22.0 for statistical analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to control for all possible confounders and to identify predictors of goiter. Odds ratio along with 95% confidence interval (CI) was estimated to measure the strength of the association. Level of statistical significance was declared at P ≤ .05. Results The prevalence of goiter among adolescents was 42.5% (95% CI: 38.4%, 46.7%). Being a female (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.18, 2.85), family history of goiter (AOR = 3.63, 95% CI: 2.31, 5.69), cabbage consumption at least once per week (AOR = 4.6, 95% CI: 2.42, 8.74), not consuming meat at all (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.17, 5.32), not consuming milk at all (AOR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.19, 4.03), and inadequate iodine level of household salt (AOR = 7.05, 95% CI: 3.83, 12.97) were significantly associated with the development of goiter among adolescents. Conclusions The prevalence of goiter was very high in the study area. Therefore, the health sector of the district should invest efforts on improving the community’s awareness through disseminating key messages about iodized salt and iodine-rich foods.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B among blood donors in Jhapa, Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
H Khanal ◽  
DR Bhatta ◽  
BR Tiwari ◽  
DR Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Donated Blood

Background: Blood donation saves life of millions. However unsafe transfusion is also putting blood receivers in risk of Hepatitis B infections and window period is potential cause of transmission. Objectives: The objective of the study was to find out the seroprevalence of hepatitis B among blood donors. Materials and Methods: During the study period from July 2008 to April 2009, a total of 2277 donated blood samples from Nepal Red Cross Society Jhapa Branch and Damak Sub-branch were analyzed for present of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) on serum by using Hepacard, a rapid diagnostic chromatographic test kit. Results: On the study HBsAg seroprevalence were 7 out of 1340 (0.52%) and 6 out of 937(0.64%) in Bhadrapur and Damak respectively. The Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) prevalence among male at Bhadrapur was found 7 out of 1172 (0.59%) and 6 at Damak out of 760 (0.79%) were positive. The overall seroprevalence of male blood donors in Jhapa district was 12 out of 1932 (0.62%). Among the 168 female blood donors only one female was seen positive at Bhadrapur with 0.59% of seroprevalence and overall seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen among female in Jhapa district was 1 out of 345 (0.29%). Conclusion: Hepatitis B infection is a most important threat associated with unscreened blood donations. It.s a great importance to perform and confirm donated blood by sensitive and specific tests. It is essential to prevent the transmission of hepatitis B virus from blood donors. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/stcj.v1i1.8659 Sunsari Technical College Journal Vol.1(1) 2012 33-37

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Infection among First-Time Blood Donors in Faridpur, Bangladesh: A Cross-sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonmoy Biswas ◽  
Sunil Kumar Biswas ◽  
Tonmoy Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus

Background: Hepatitis B infection is a global threat for people of all age groups and is common in Bangladesh and other South Asian countries. Blood donors and blood donation can present important risk for hepatitis B infection. Our objective was to identify seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus among blood donors in Faridpur, Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 719 blood donors in the Faridpur district of Bangladesh from April to July 2013. Data was collected by non-probability convenient sampling maintaining inclusion and exclusion criteria. Face-to-face interview, blood grouping test, and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening were conducted. Results: About 30% of the blood donors were between 19 and 23 years of age, and 87.5% of them were males. Two-thirds (64.1%) of the donors were replacement donors, while the remaining 35.9% of them were voluntary donors. The overall seropositivity of HBsAg was found to be 1.5%. All infected blood donors were males. Hepatitis B infection was more prevalent in the 34–38 years age group and least prevalent among those older than 48 years of age. About 2% of replacement blood donors were infected with hepatitis B virus, compared to 0.7% among voluntary blood donors. Conclusion: Hepatitis B infection among blood donors is relatively lower than in other high-risk groups for hepatitis B infection in Bangladesh. Predominance of HBsAg among older adult groups, replacement donors, and the male gender can be a matter of public health concern.

scholarly journals Detection of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Febrile Patients in Ankpa, Kogi State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Cornelius Arome Omatola ◽  
Bernard Anyebe Onoja ◽  
Joseph Agama
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Test Kit

Background. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has become a significant public health problem in developing countries, and the high rate of morbidity and mortality from acute and chronic infections is worrisome. Therefore, this study determined the prevalence of HBV and associated risk factors in Ankpa, Kogi State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods. Sera randomly collected from 200 participants in three public hospitals in Ankpa were screened for HBsAg using commercially available HBsAg rapid test kit (Swe-Care (R), China). Structured questionnaires were used to obtain sociodemographic details and history of exposure to risk factors. Results. Seventeen (8.5%) of the 200 patients were positive for HBsAg. Males had higher prevalence (10.89%) than females (6.06%). The age group with the highest rate of infection was 24–44 years. Patient’s occupation and marital status were significantly higher in relation to HBsAg seropositivity. Risks of HBV infection in Ankpa are sharing of sharp objects (OR = 11.62, 95% CI, 3.59–37.59), multiple sexual partners (OR = 3.39, 95% CI, 1.23–9.38), blood transfusion (OR = 13.74, 95% CI, 4.22–44.71), surgeries (OR = 3.02, 95% CI, 1.03–8.83), alcoholism (OR = 6.94, 95% CI, 2.32–20.75), mouth-to-mouth kissing (p=0.001), and contact with HBV patient (OR = 4.14, 95% CI, 1.01–17.06). People without prior knowledge of HBV infection were more infected. Conclusion. This study reaffirms the endemicity of HBV in a part of sub-Saharan African country. Public health practitioners should focus attention on apparently healthy patients in developing countries. We suggest inclusion of HBsAg screening for patients coming for routine hospital care.

scholarly journals A retrospective analysis of trends of HIV and syphilis among blood donors in north India

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 3916
Author(s):  
P. K. Sehgal ◽  
Dinesh Garg
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
North India ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Safe Blood

Background: In India, it is mandatory to screen blood donors for HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis and malaria. The donor screening strategies include taking the elaborate medical history, performing preliminary clinical examination and screening for infectious markers. The infectious markers include anti-HIV (1 and 2) antibodies, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies, and malaria antigens, such as histidine rich protein (HRP) and pan-aldolase. National adult (15-49 years) HIV prevalence is estimated at 0.26% (0.22%-0.32%) in 20155 (0.30% among males and 0.22% among females). The objective of this study was to be carried out with the aim to find out the seroprevalence of HIV infection and its trend among the blood donors a hospital based blood transfusion service set up in north India over a period of six years.Methods: It was record based retrospective study from 2010 to 2015. Before donation "blood donation form" had been filled by every donor and this form had particulars about age, gender, address, and occupation, date of previous donation, any illness and medical treatment taken. The donor blood samples were collected at the time of blood donation from the primary bag and tested for the presence of HIV using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All donors were subjected to a pre-test counselling which was done by qualified staff trained to screen donors for blood donation.Results: A prevalence of 0.21% of HIV was seen among the donors from the period 2010-2015. The trend of HIV prevalence among donors has been fluctuating while ranging from 0.13% to 0.34%.Conclusions: HIV remains the major threat for transfusion transmitted infections in India. For a safe blood service in our country, where comprehensive laboratory tests are neither possible nor pragmatic, it is best to switch over to 100% voluntary donations, as it is now established that only voluntary non-remunerated regular donation is the safest. Thus, one of our key strategies to enhance blood safety is to focus on motivating non-remunerated blood donors and phasing out even replacement donors.

Eliminating Hepatitis B from Bangladesh by the Year 2030

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
Md Golam Mustafa ◽  
Md Shahinul Alam ◽  
Md Golam Azam ◽  
Md Mahabubul Alam ◽  
Md Saiful Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
The Government

Worldwide, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still a major public health problem. Bangladesh having a large burden of HBV infection, should be a major contributor towards it’s elimination by 2030. The country has been making progress in reducing incidence of HBV infection during the past decades. The progresses are mainly due to large vaccination coverage among children and large coverage of timely birthdose vaccine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HBV. However, Bangladesh still faces challenges in achieving target of reduction in mortality from HBV. On the basis of targets of the WHO’s Global health sector strategy on viral hepatitis 2016–2021, we highlight priorities for action towards HBV elimination. To attain the target of reduced mortality we propose that, the service coverage targets of diagnosis and treatment should be prioritized along with vaccination. Firstly, improvements are needed in the diagnostic and treatment abilities of medical institutions and health workers. Secondly, the government needs to reduce the costs of health care. Thirdly, better coordination is needed across existing national program and resources to establish an integrated system for prevention, screening, diagnosis and treatment of HBV infection. In this way, we can make progress towards achieving the target of eliminating HBV from Bangladesh by 2030 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(3): 145-149

scholarly journals Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Hepatitis B and C Among Blood Donors and Nondonors in North India

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bala Bhasker ◽  
Suchet Sachdev ◽  
Neelam Marwaha ◽  
Sandeep Grover ◽  
Tarundeep Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
North India ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude
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