scholarly journals Evaluation of hormonal profile and some stress biomarkers in infertile couples in Abuja, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1514
Author(s):  
Simon P. Abriba ◽  
Humphrey B. Osadolor
Keyword(s):  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Salivary Alpha Amylase ◽  
Hormonal Profile ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Infertile Couples

Background: Infertility is a growing gynaecological problem in couples of childbearing age having difficulties bearing children. Couples with infertility are known to present with high levels of stress and psychopathology A cross sectional case control study aimed at evaluating the hormonal profile, some stress biomarkers, sperm analysis in infertile couples was carried out to ascertain their contributions to infertility in couples of child bearing age.Methods: Serum Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Prolactin, Progesterone, Estrogen (E2), Testosterone, Salivary Cortisol and Salivary Alpha Amylase were evaluated using both competitive and non-competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) techniques; while sperm cells analysis were evaluated using conventional methods, in 164 infertile couples (study) and 100 fertile couples (control) attending fertility clinic in General Hospitals in Abuja, Nigeria.Results: The mean serum Prolactin and Salivary (S) Cortisol in the female were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the study group relative to the control group, while Salivary Alpha Amylase and LH show no significant difference (p>0.05) between the two groups. FSH, Progesterone and E2 in the female were significantly lower in the study group (p<0.05) compared with control group. Testosterone, FSH, Sperm cells count and Sperm activity (%) were significantly lower (p<0.05) in the male study group relative to the control group; while prolactin, S. cortisol and S. amylase were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the male study group relative to the control group. Conclusions: Abnormal hormones values and abnormal sperm quality and quantity are associated with elevated stress biomarkers in couples presenting with infertility. Strong positive correlations exist between hormones and stress biomarker in infertility conditions.

Expression and Significance of Th17 Cells and Related Factors in Patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihong An
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Hepatitis ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Total Bilirubin ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Tnf Α

Objective: This study aims to investigate the expression and clinical significance of Th17 cells and related factors in peripheral blood of patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH). Methods: A retrospective selection of 100 patients with AIH were included as a study group, and 100 healthy volunteers in the outpatient clinic were selected as the control group. The levels of IL- 17, IL-6, IL-21 and TNF-α in peripheral blood of all subjects were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the frequency of Th17 cells and Treg cells was detected by flow cytometry. Results: Results showed that the study group had higher levels of serum total bilirubin (TBil), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ -glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GT), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) than the control group, as well as higher levels of IL-17, IL-6, IL-21 and TNF-α in serum. The frequency of Th17 cells in peripheral blood was higher in the study group, while the frequency of Treg cells was lower. Also, serum IL-17, TNF-α levels and Th17 cells frequency were positively correlated with ALT and AST, whereas Treg cells frequency were negatively correlated with ALT and AST levels. Conclusion: Our finding demonstrates that Th17 cell frequency and their related factors IL-17 and TNF-α, are associated with liver damage, which might be used to monitor AIH disease severity.

scholarly journals Περιεγχειρητική κινητική αγγειορυθμιστικών παραγόντων σε ασθενείς με καρκίνο του μαστού

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Γεώργιος Γεωργίου
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Circulating Levels

Βackground: angiogenesis is seen during the multiple stages of carcinogenesis, aswell as during the process of surgical wound healing, a fact which has led tosubstantial debate over the last decades about the potential impact of surgery upon thefinal outcome of ceratin patients treated for breast cancer.Aim: the present research aims at investigating the potential effect of surgery on theprocess of angiogenesis, by studying a number of factors that are related to the latter,in patients suffering from breast cancer before and after the time of the procedure,whilst comparing these results with those of patients that were operated on their breastfor non-malignant disease.Material-Methods: blood from 10 female patients with breast adenocarcinoma(Study Group) was collected via venipuncture before surgery (labeled as PRO), aswell as on post-operative day 3 (labeled as D3) and day 7 (labeled as D7). Moreover,blood samples were also taken from 6 female patients with fibroadenoma (ControlGroup) before surgery (PRO) and on day 3 afetr surgery (D3). These samples weremeasured for detection of circulating levels of three established angiogenesisbiomarkers using ELISA (Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay): VascularEndothelial Growth Factor-A (VEFG-A), Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and basic FibroblastGrowth factor (bFGF or FGF-2). In addition, circulating transcripts of 84 agiogenesirelatedgenes were determined using RT-PCR (Real Time Polymerase ChainReaction). The two groups of patients were firstly compared to each other regardingtheir results. Also, patients belonging to the Study Group were analized at differenttime points regarding surgery. Finally, the results were investigated againstclinicopathological data and patient outcome.Results: using ELISA we were able to detect increased levels of circulating VEGF-Aand IL-8 in the Study Group patients compared to the Control Group patientspreoperatively (p=0,0381 and p=0,0218 respectively), while for bFGF there was nostatistically significant difference documented. Surgery resulted in a significantincrease in VEGF-A levels on D3 (p=0,0389) and D7 (p=0,0172) as compared toPRO levels. Perioperative kinetics of IL-8 showed a mild trend towards increase,which, however, was not statistically significant. Postoperative levels of bFGF wereslightly increased on D3, but on D7 they were even lower than preoperative values(p=0,0205). Using RT-PCR certain differences between the Study Group and theControl Group were recorded regarding the circulating transcripts of a great numberof angiogenesis-related genes preoperatively: upregulation of VEGF-C, EGF, IL-8,FGF-1, SPHK1, NRP1, LAMA5, COL4A3, TEK, EFNA3, EFNB2. AKT1, ITGB3,THBS1, CCL11, TIMP3 and downregulation of CXCL10. Moreover, mastectomyinduced an altered expression in several key-genes in breast cancer patients:upregulation of THBS1, COL4A3, BAI1, ITGB3 and downregulation of EREG,SERPIFN1, CXCL9, CXCL10, IL1B, CCL2, CXCL1, HIF1A, NOTCH4. Conclusions: patients suffering from breast cancer have a different angiogenic profilein comparison to patients with fibroadenoma, as documented through their differencesin circulating levels of angiogenic factors. These levels are greatly changed after thesurgical procedure. VEGF showed a transient increase, while bFGF initially increasedbut only to finally decrease to levels that were even lower than the preoperative ones.Moreover, mastectomy promoted a shift in the expression pattern of a broad panel ofangiogenesis-related gene transcripts.

Stress biomarkers in advanced cancer patients experiencing the pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance symptom cluster.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (29_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine L Kwekkeboom ◽  
Erin S. Costanzo ◽  
Toby Christopher Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Symptom Cluster ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Advanced Cancer Patients ◽  
Specific Symptom ◽  
Salivary Alpha Amylase ◽  
Stress Biomarkers

5 Background: Cancer symptom clusters such as co-occurring pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbance, are common and debilitating for patients with advanced disease. Stress-related neuorendocrine system alterations are thought to play a significant role in symptom co-occurrence. While studies have documented relationships between stress biomarkers and symptoms in persons with cancer, few have done so in the context of a specific symptom cluster or among persons receiving treatment for advanced disease. Objectives: This preliminary analysis describes biomarkers of neuroendocrine stress systems – salivary cortisol and salivary alpha amylase (sAA) – and their relationship with the pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance symptom cluster in cancer. Methods: We analyzed baseline data from 14 participants of a RCT of a cognitive-behavioral symptom cluster intervention. Participants were receiving chemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic cancer. The sample was largely female (93%), aged 50-74 years old (M=63.57), with lung (57%), breast (14%), GYN (22%) or prostate (7%) cancer. Participants reported symptom cluster severity and collected saliva over two days prior to a new chemotherapy cycle. Cortisol concentrations were determined by luminescence immunoassay and salivary alpha-amylase by enzyme kinetic reaction assay using standardized kits (Salimetrics, State College, PA). Results: Mean (SD) cortisol and sAA levels were within normal range and followed typical diurnal patterns (Table 1); although evening levels of cortisol appeared higher in this sample compared to those of healthy adults. Low to moderate observed correlations between symptom cluster severity and stress biomarkers (evening cortisol r = -.204; evening sAA r = .326) were not significant in this small sample. Conclusions: Elevated evening cortisol levels may suggest dysregulation of the stress response in this population. The ongoing study will further evaluate if alterations in neuroendocrine function contribute to the symptom cluster experience. Clinical trial information: NCT01954420. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Sympathetic Nervous System Activity in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Kidney Disease. Role of Renalase and Alpha Amylase

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernández LE ◽  
◽  
Hernández GP ◽  
Aguilar CA ◽  
ánchez DCV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Salivary Alpha Amylase ◽  
Sympathetic Hyperactivity ◽  
Esrd Patients

Aim: To evaluate serum renalase and salivary alpha amylase concentrations and their relationship with plasma catecholamine levels in patients with Metabolic Syndrome (MS), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), and End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Method: In cross-sectional study 163 patients were enrolled; 43 patients with MS, 93 withT2DM, 13 with ESRD, and 14 healthy subjects (control group). All patients had their ascription to the UMAA/UMF No. 75, in Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. Glucose, creatinine, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, and renalase were measurement in serum, and Dopamine (DA), Epinephrine (E) and Norepinephrine (NE) in plasma. An aliquot of saliva was collected for alpha amylase determination. Results: High plasma concentrations of DA, E and NE (p<0.0001) was founded in T2DM and ESRD patients. Renalase was lower in ESRD compared to MS and T2DM patients (p<0.0001). High concentrations of alpha amylase were found in MS, T2DM, and ESRD patients in comparison with control group (p<0.0001). Catecholamines correlated positively with alpha amylase and diabetes evolution. Conclusion: Sympathetic hyperactivity in MS, T2DM and ESRD patients was founded. Renalase could be proposed as biomarker of renal function and salivary alpha amylase as sympathetic hyperactivity. Additional studies are required to evaluate the pathophysiological mechanisms involved of SNS in CKD development.

Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in women with recurrent fetal loss from the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
F. Rehman ◽  
M. Shah ◽  
A. Ali ◽  
A.M.C. Rapisarda ◽  
A. Cianci
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Recurrent Fetal Loss ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Obstetric History

BACKGROUND: In women with a bad obstetric history (BOH), infection is an established cause of recurrent fetal loss. A common infecting agent is the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in women with recurrent fetal loss from the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. METHODS: The study included 360 females aged 16–40 years, of which 180 had a bad obstetric history (study group) and the other 180 had no such history (control group). Blood serum samples were tested for toxoplasma IgM antibodies by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay and for toxoplasma IgG antibodies using an Immunochromatographic technique. RESULTS: The overall seroprevalence of toxoplasma infection in study group females was 40.6% and in control group females it was 7.2%. Specifically, IgM prevalence was 12.8% in the study group and 1.1% in the control group. IgG prevalence was 23.9% in the study group and 6.1% in the control group. IgM and IgG combined prevalence was 3.9% in the study group cases. There is a statistically significant association between BOH and seropositivity for T. gondii (p < 0.0001, Chi square test). Various risk factors associated with T. gondii seroprevalence in study and control groups were analyzed. CONCLUSION: The seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was significantly higher in women with a bad obstetric history compared to those with no such history. Associated risk factors had no significant effects on the results.

The predictive value of serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125) levels on pregnancy outcome in threatened miscarriages

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 704-709
Author(s):  
Mosunmola A. Adeku ◽  
Omololu Adegbola ◽  
Godwin O. Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cancer Antigen 125 ◽  
Serum Ca125 ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Spontaneous miscarriages are common pregnancy complications which result in psychological and emotional burden in the affected women. It is therefore necessary to identify biomarkers that can predict pregnancy outcome in women with threatened miscarriages so as to assist in their counselling and management. Methods The study compared levels of maternal serum CA125 in 65 pregnancies with threatened miscarriages (study group) with 65 normal intrauterine pregnancies (control group) between 6 weeks and 19 weeks + 6 days gestation using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Results The mean age of the study and control groups were 29.5 ± 0.14 years and 30.1 ± 0.14 years, respectively. The mean serum CA125 in the study group was 30.1 ± 1.1 IU/mL while that of the control group was 22.9 ± 1.2 IU/mL and this was statistically significant (P = 0.0001). The mean serum CA125 level in the women whose pregnancies were aborted (aborters) was 34.8 ± 1.4 IU/mL while the mean value among those whose pregnancies continued till term (non-aborters) was 27.3 ± 1.2 IU/mL. This was statistically significant (P = 0.001). Further analysis using CA125 ≥36.2 IU/mL (mean value of serum CA125 among aborters + 1 standard deviation) as a threshold for intrauterine pregnancies that eventually got aborted showed a sensitivity of 66.7%, specificity of 83.3%, positive predictive value of 55.6%, negative predictive value of 88.9% and the diagnostic effectiveness (accuracy) was 79.4%. Conclusion The measurement of serum CA125 is a useful predictor of pregnancy outcome in threatened miscarriages.

scholarly journals Detection and significance of TNF-α and hs-CRP in the pleural effusion of patients with diabetes and pulmonary tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 205873921982862
Author(s):  
Xin Xue ◽  
Yi Qiu ◽  
Sizhe Cao ◽  
Ying Yue ◽  
Xiaofang Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Factor Α

It is postulated that high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) are diagnostic utilities for pleural effusion. This study was designed to explore the detection and significance of TNF-α and hs-CRP in the pleural effusion of patients with diabetes and pulmonary tuberculosis. A total of 60 patients with diabetes and pulmonary tuberculosis pleural effusion were selected as the study group, while 60 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis pleural effusion were considered as the control group. The expression of TNF-α and hs-CRP in the two groups was determined from pleural effusion by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression levels of TNF-α and hs-CRP in pleural effusion of the study group were significantly ( P < 0.05) higher than the control group, and the sensitivity and specificity of the combined detection were significantly ( P < 0.05) higher than those of the separate detection. The expression of TNF-α and hs-CRP in the pleural effusion of patients with diabetes and pulmonary tuberculosis increased remarkably, which plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment helping with differential diagnosis and evaluation of severity and prognosis by related detection of changes of these indexes, especially the combined detections.

scholarly journals The Effect of Feeding with Resveratrol on Myogenin and mTOR Levels in Mice

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Serap Andaç Öztürk ◽  
Gül Kızıltan ◽  
Erkan Yurtçu ◽  
Didem Bacanlı ◽  
Yeşim Korkmaz Kasap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Total Body ◽  
The Right

Aim: It is reported that resveratrol may induce muscle hypertrophy and myogenesis. Accordingly, resveratrol is promising for the treatment of muscle diseases and ergogenic aid for athletes. In this study it is aimed to observe the effects of resveratrol on myogenin and mTOR levels and muscle mass. Material and Methods: The study is performed on 14 Swiss albino young adult mice at Başkent University Experimental Animal Research Center. The mice are divided randomly into study (n:7) and control (n:7) groups. During consecutive 7 days, 20 mg/kg trans-resveratrol was given to the study group intraperitoneally. After the seventh day administration, the right gastrocnemius muscles are disected, weighted and stored at -80 °C for mTOR and myogenin analysis. Then, myogenin and mTOR levels are determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method in homogenised muscle mass. Results: According to mean myogenin and mTOR levels, there was no significantly difference between groups (p>0.05). Total body weight and the right gastrocnemius muscle weight of the study group (22.11±3.22 g, 0.09±0.03 g, respectively) at the 7th day was found significantly lower than control group (28.63±3.80 g, 0.12±0.02 g, respectively) (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was observed that resveratrol administration had no effect on myogenin and mTOR levels which is a fore-step for muscle hypertrophy. On the other hand, interestingly total body weight and muscle mass decrease was observed in the study group. The effects of resveratrol on muscle tissue is a relatively less studied topic. However, the authors are suggesting more studies on the resveratrol usage or administration for the effective dose and time interval investigation.

scholarly journals Assessment of salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol as a pain related stress biomarker in dogs pre-and post-operation

2022 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Ha Kang ◽  
Seol-Hee Park ◽  
Ye-In Oh ◽  
Kyoung-Won Seo
Keyword(s):  
Pain Score ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Salivary Alpha Amylase ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
High Pain Score ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Related Stress

Abstract Background The use of salivary biomarkers has garnered attention because the composition of saliva reflects the body’s physiological state. Saliva contains a wide range of components, including peptides, nucleic acids, electrolytes, enzymes, and hormones. It has been reported that salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol are biomarkers of stress related biomarker in diseased dogs; however, evaluation of salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol pre- and post- operation has not been studied yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol levels in dogs before and after they underwent surgery and investigate the association between the salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol activity and pain intensity. For this purpose, a total of 35 dogs with disease-related pain undergoing orthopedic and soft tissue surgeries were recruited. Alpha-amylase and cortisol levels in the dogs’ saliva and serum were measured for each using a commercially available canine-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit, and physical examinations (measurement of heart rate and blood pressure) were performed. In addition, the dogs’ pre- and post-operative pain scores determined using the short form of the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale (CMPS-SF) were evaluated. Results After surgery, there was a significant decrease in the dogs’ pain scores (0.4-fold for the CMPS-SF, p < 0.001) and serum cortisol levels (0.73-fold, p < 0.01). Based on their pre-operative CMPS-SF scores, the dogs were included in either a high-pain-score group or a low-pain-score group. After the dogs in the high-pain-score group underwent surgical intervention, there was a significant decrease in their CMPS-SF scores and levels of salivary alpha-amylase, serum alpha-amylase, and serum cortisol. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between salivary alpha-amylase levels and CMPS-SF scores in both the high- and low-pain-score groups. Conclusions The measurement of salivary alpha amylase can be considered an important non-invasive tool for the evaluation of pain-related stress in dogs.

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