scholarly journals Effect of storage duration and analyte concentration on measurement of neutral pH clinical chemistry urine analytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3022
Author(s):  
Chapal Debnath ◽  
Niral Savaliya
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Analyte Concentration ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Hospital Wards

Background: The aim of the study was focused very keenly in measuring the changes in concentration of sodium, potassium and creatinine in urine, stored for 60 days effect of urinary storage duration of clinical chemistry analytes. This study determined whether patient urine samples can be used for day to day urine quality control.Methods: Spot urine samples were collected from left over samples from the admitted patients in various hospital wards. The samples are kept which its pH was unaltered or unspiked and was aliquoted and deep fridged immediately. These aliquots were melted at an incubator temperature of 86 ºC and was analyzed in the analyzer for 60 days and data were collected for checking variations.Results: With the strenous and continious monitoring from the side of the researchers, the researchers had throughly analysed and found that in both the sets almost all of those analysed urine test of pH 5 and analytes remained very much stable for a period of 60 days which could be used for running daily internal quality controls.Conclusions: Patient urine can be used as internal quality control sample for at least 60 days for sodium, potassium and creatinine. During the 60 days period, there is no appreciable degradation of any of the two sets of samples for sodium, potassium and creatinine measurements.

scholarly journals Biochemical Assessment of Renal and Liver Function among Preeclamptics in Lagos Metropolis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Oloruntoba Ayodele Ekun ◽  
Oluwatumininu Mary Olawumi ◽  
Christian Chigozie Makwe ◽  
Nkeiruka Ogochukwu Ogidi
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Specific Syndrome

Objectives. Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific syndrome. Studies have shown that preeclampsia has multiorgan dysfunction effects. This study evaluated biomarkers of renal and liver function among preeclamptic Nigerian women. Study Design. This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 49 preeclamptic women and 50 normotensive healthy pregnant women. Method. The baseline data comprising age, gestational age, and blood pressure were obtained. Venous blood and spot urine samples were collected from each participant. Plasma obtained from blood samples taken into lithium heparinized vacutainer bottles was assayed for electrolytes, urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, and uric acid, while sera samples from blood samples taken into serum separation tube- (SST-) gel vacutainer were assayed for aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase using ion selective electrode technique and Cobas autoanalyzer. Spot urine samples were assayed for protein and creatinine using Pyrogallol’s reagent and Jaffe’s methods, respectively. Microalbuminuria (protein/creatinine ratio) was generated from spot urine protein and creatinine data. Result. The plasma sodium, total protein, and albumin in preeclamptic group were significantly decreased (p<0.05) when compared with control. There was statistically significant increase (p<0.05) in microalbuminuria, plasma potassium, urea, creatinine, uric acid levels, serum AST, and ALT activities in preeclamptic group. A positive association (p<0.05) between alanine aminotransferase and biomarkers of renal function was observed. Conclusion. Preeclampsia has deleterious effects on renal and liver function as shown by alteration of these parameters.

scholarly journals Estimation of 24-Hour Sodium Excretion from Spot Urine Samples

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel J. Mann ◽  
Linda M. Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Spot Urine

Purine derivatives in spot urine samples and plasma of sheep: a possible index of microbial protein supply

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 5-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. B. Chen ◽  
Adriana T. Mejia ◽  
D. J. Kyle ◽  
E. R. Ørskov
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Purine Derivatives ◽  
Feeding Regime ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Alternative Index ◽  
Protein Supply

In ruminants, daily urinary excretion of purine derivatives (PD) reflects the absorption of microbial purines and can be used as an index of microbial protein supply (Chen, Ørskov and Hovell, 1991). The application could be extended to farm conditions if measurements based on spot urine samples or plasma could serve as an alternative index. The objective of this study was to examine whether PD concentrations in spot urine or plasma samples vary diurnally during a given feeding regime and if they reflect differences in daily PD excretion induced by varying feed intake.

Combi scheme: new combined internal/external quality-assessment scheme in The Netherlands

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 1196-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Steigstra ◽  
Rob T Jansen ◽  
Henk Baadenhuijsen
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Professional Organization ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
External Quality

Abstract The Dutch Foundation for Quality Assessment in Clinical Chemistry (SKZL) is the professional organization that conducts external quality-assessment schemes in The Netherlands. However, such schemes in fact assess the performance of the internal quality-control systems of the participating laboratories. In this paper we describe a new concept, relating the data for internal control materials with those for external samples and thereby leading to a combined external/internal scheme (Combi). The statistical principles underlying the Combi scheme are discussed and examples of the graphical presentation of the results are shown. Because the laboratory data are transmitted over the public telephone system to the computers of the SKZL, we also describe the principles of the data communication. At two-month intervals a statistical presentation is sent to all participants. The central database is updated daily with the received results, making possible an on-line consultation regarding the statistics of the accumulated findings of the control materials in use.

scholarly journals Reference intervals of spot urine copper excretion in preschool children and potential application in pre-symptomatic screening of Wilson’s disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Leung-sang Tang ◽  
Joannie Hui ◽  
Dan Huang ◽  
Man Fung Tang ◽  
Xingyan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Copper Excretion ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Presymptomatic Stage

ABSTRACTBackgroundWith spot urine collected from a large control sample of preschool children (aged 3-7 years), reference range of spot urine copper excretion indexes and their biological variation were defined.MethodsIn order to investigate their test performance in screening of Wilson disease in this age group, multiple spot urine samples from 6 WD patients diagnosed at presymptomatic stage were analysed. Cut-off values for spot urine copper concentration, copper to creatinine ratio and copper to osmolality ratio at 0.5 µmol/L, 0.1 µmol/mmol and 0.00085 µmol/mOsmol (32 µg/L, 56 µg/g creatinine and 0.054 µg/mOsmol, respectively, in conventional units) have potential application in differentiation of WD patients.ResultsThe data provides a new insight that the inter-individual variation of spot urine copper indexes (CVg) were moderate with figures around 60% which was similar to other clinically useful urine tests, such as urine albumin excretion ratio. Spot urine copper excretion strongly correlated with both urine creatinine and osmolality. And more than 95% of data points in health preschool children fell within prediction regions by linear regression suggesting a good utility of normalisation by these 2 analytes. Receiver operator curve (ROC) showed that copper to osmolality ratio was the best index with an area under curve (AUC) greater than 0.98.ConclusionsBased on the data, a new WD screening time window targeting preschool children is proposed. Application of a bivariate screening strategy using spot urine copper concentration and urine osmolality may be useful in a population screening program for preschool children.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from urine in hospital patients and outpatients

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-007
Author(s):  
Ostojic Maja ◽  
Hubana Mahir ◽  
Cvetnić Marija ◽  
Benić Miroslav ◽  
Cvetnić Zeljko
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Therapeutic Results ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Almost All

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a bacterial species that often causes infections in humans. Infections occur most frequently in hospitalised or immunocompromised patients and are treated with antimicrobials. In recent decades, K. pneumoniae has developed significant resistance to many antimicrobials. Objective: The main goal of this study was to determine the frequency of resistance of isolated K. pneumoniae strains from urine samples of hospital patients and outpatients, and to find evidence of ESBL strains and their resistance to certain antibiotics. Methods: During the study period, Klebsiella pneumonia was isolated from the urine samples of 430 patients. The procedure for processing of urine samples, identification, susceptibility toward antimicrobials and evidence of ESBL strains were carried out according to the recommended standards. Results: Of the total K. pneumoniae isolates, 153 (35.6%) were isolated from hospital patients and 277 (64.4%) from outpatients. Strains isolated from hospital patients were resistant to each tested antibiotic. ESBL strains were detected in 169 (39.30%) samples, 92 (60.13%) from hospital patients and 77 (27.8%) from outpatients. Conclusion: Strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from the urine of hospital patients and outpatients have developed significant resistance against all tested antibiotic substances. A higher occurrence of ESBL strains was observed in hospital patients than in outpatients. ESBL strains were resistant to all penicillins and almost all cephalosporins. Highly effective antimicrobials were amikacin, colistine, carbapenem and fosfomycin. The best therapeutic results were achieved when patients were treated with fosfomycin and imipenem.

scholarly journals Estimating salt intake in a Caucasian population: can spot urine substitute 24-hour urine samples?

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1300-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla Toft ◽  
Charlotte Cerqueira ◽  
Anne Helms Andreasen ◽  
Betina Heinsbæk Thuesen ◽  
Peter Laurberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Intake ◽  
Caucasian Population ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Spot Urine

scholarly journals Urinary Lysosomal Enzyme Activities and Albuminuria in Ghanaian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Asare-Anane ◽  
Felix Twum ◽  
Emmanuel Kwaku Ofori ◽  
Erving L. Torgbor ◽  
Seth D. Amanquah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lysosomal Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Renal Involvement ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Alanine Aminopeptidase

Renal tubular lysosomal enzyme activities like alanine aminopeptidase (AAP) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) have been shown to increase in patients developing diabetic nephropathy and nephrosclerosis. This study aimed to determine the activities of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase and alanine aminopeptidase and albumin concentration in urine samples of patients with type 2 diabetes. One hundred and thirty (65 type 2 diabetic and 65 nondiabetic) subjects participated in this study. Blood samples were drawn for measurements of fasting blood glucose, albumin (Alb), lipids, and creatinine (Cr). Early morning spot urine samples were also collected for activities of alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), and concentration of albumin (U-Alb) and creatinine (U-Cr). Both NAG/Cr and AAP/Cr were significantly increased in diabetic subjects compared to controls (p<0.001). There was positive correlation between NAG/Cr and Alb/Cr (r=0.49,p<0.001) and between NAG/Cr and serum creatinine (r=0.441,p<0.001). A negative correlation was found between NAG/Cr and eGFR (r=-0.432,p<0.05). 9.3% and 12% of diabetics with normoalbuminuria had elevated levels of AAP/Cr and NAG/Cr, respectively. We conclude that measuring the urinary enzymes activities (NAG/Cr and AAP/Cr) could be useful as a biomarker of early renal involvement in diabetic complications.

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