scholarly journals A study of variables in gastrointestinal stromal tumor: surgical experience at a single institute

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3211
Author(s):  
Udit Jaydeep Shah ◽  
Sushil D. Akruwala ◽  
Vidhyasagar M. Sharma ◽  
Manubhai V. Pipalia
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Surgical Experience ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Tumor Management ◽  
Average Tumor Size

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) have been recognized as a biologically distinctive tumor type, different from the smooth muscle and neural tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. They constitute majority of the gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and are considered to be refractory to conventional chemotherapy or radiation. Surgery remains the mainstay of primary tumor management of GIST.Methods: This was a cross sectional study of the diagnosis, management and clinical outcome of cases diagnosed with GIST of the gastrointestinal tract from a teaching institute in a single year and a comparison of findings with previously published cases.­­ Study included patients newly diagnosed with GIST and managed in department of general surgery from 10 April 2018 to 31 March 2019.Results: Most patients were of age group 60-69 years with an almost equal incidence among males and females. Stomach and small bowel were found to be the commonest sites with an equal distribution of 45.45% with an average tumor size of 5 cms.Conclusions: Surgical treatment remains the main stay of management for the GIST, depending on the location, staging and metastasis. Staging laparoscopy may be done to assess respectability as peritoneal deposits can be missed by CT scan. Immunohistochemistry is mandatory in defining GIST.

Health Status of Senior Citizens: A Cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Beniwal ◽  
Chandrakala Singh
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Poor Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Average Health

Aging is a series of processes that begin with life and continue throughout the lifecycle. It represents the closing period in the lifespan, a time when the individual looks back on life, lives on past accomplishments and begins to finish off his life course. It represents the accumulation of changes in person over time. The study aims to investigate the health status of senior citizens. The present study was carried out in Hisar and Sirsa district of Haryana state. A total of 400 elderly equally representing both males and females of age group 65-70 years were selected randomly for the study. Modified inventory developed by Khan and Lal (2011) was used to assess health status of senior citizens. The results of the study elucidated that health status of senior citizens depicted that 54.25 per cent of the total respondents had average health status followed by good (25.25%) and poor health status (20.50%). The most common health problems reported by the senior citizens were joint pains, back pains, blood pressure, and chest pain etc. Gender wise comparison of total sample further pointed out that females were poor in their health against males.

scholarly journals A Questionnaire-Based Survey to Assess the Level of Knowledge and Awareness about Drug–Food Interactions among General Public in Western Saudi Arabia

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Syed Faisal Zaidi ◽  
Rayan Mgarry ◽  
Abdullah Alsanea ◽  
Sakar Khalid Almutairi ◽  
Yaser Alsinnari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jeddah City ◽  
Fundamental Information ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Males And Females

Introduction: Various drug–food interactions exist that may hinder treatment and can sometimes be lethal. Our aim was to assess the level of public knowledge and awareness in Jeddah city, Western Saudi Arabia, about drug–food interactions, along with the effects of demographics on their knowledge. Methods: A survey questionnaire was administered in this cross-sectional study to participants spread across multiple locations in Jeddah, including in malls and public gatherings. Participants included both males and females. Sample size was calculated through Raosoft® software. Data analysis was executed using IBM Statistic SPSS and the level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 410 people participated in the study and only 92.68% (380) of responses were enrolled in the study; 7.32% (30) were not enrolled due to the exclusion criteria. Surprisingly, only six out of eighteen questions regarding drug–food interactions in the administered questionnaire were correctly answered by 380 participants. Data indicated that the participants had a poor to intermediate level of both knowledge and awareness with respect to drug–food interactions. Furthermore, participants showed moderate to strong awareness of the effects of alcohol and tea generally, and their interaction with medication. Conclusion: Participants in our study showed inadequate knowledge of basic and fundamental information about drug–food interactions, which highlights the dire need to increase awareness.

scholarly journals Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Italian pediatric population: a regional seroepidemiological study

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manola Comar ◽  
Simone Benvenuto ◽  
Marzia Lazzerini ◽  
Giorgio Fedele ◽  
Egidio Barbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Chemiluminescent Immunoassay ◽  
Italian National Institute ◽  
Friuli Venezia Giulia

Abstract Background Data on the effective burden of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in pediatric population are very limited, mostly because of the higher rate of asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic cases among children. Updated data on COVID-19 prevalence are needed for their relevance in public health and for infection control policies. In this single-centre cross-sectional study we aimed to assess prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection through IgG antibodies detection in an Italian pediatric cohort. Methods The study was conducted in January 2021 among both inpatients and outpatients referring to Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health “Burlo Garofolo” in Trieste, Friuli Venezia-Giulia, Italy, who needed for blood test for any reason. Collected samples were sent to Italian National Institute of Health for analysis through chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA). Results One hundred sixty-nine patients were included in the study, with a median age of 10.5 ± 4.1 years, an equal distribution for sex (49.7% female patients), and a 55.6% prevalence of comorbidities. Prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 trimeric Spike protein IgG antibodies was 9.5% (n = 16), with a medium titre of 482.3 ± 387.1 BAU/mL. Having an infected cohabitant strongly correlated with IgG positivity (OR 23.83, 95% CI 7.19–78.98, p < 0.0001), while a cohabitant healthcare worker wasn’t associated with a higher risk (OR 1.53, 95% CI 0.4–5.86, p 0.46). All of the 5 patients who had previously tested positive to a nasopharyngeal swab belonged to the IgG positive group, with a 3-month interval from the infection at most. Conclusion We assessed a 9.5% SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in a pediatric cohort from Friuli Venezia-Giulia region in January 2021, showing a substantial increase after the second peak of the pandemic occurred starting from October 2020, compared to 1% prevalence observed by National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT) in July 2020.

scholarly journals Occlusal Characteristics and Spacing in Primary Dentition: A Gender Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhuri Vegesna ◽  
R. Chandrasekhar ◽  
Vinay Chandrappa
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Dentition ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Primary Molar ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Males And Females

Context. Occlusion in primary teeth varies among children of different populations and races. Aim. To assess and compare the occlusal characteristics and spacing in primary dentition among 3–6-year-old Dravidian children. Materials and Methods. The study included 2281 school going children. The primary molar relation, canine relation, overjet, and overbite were assessed using Foster and Hamilton criteria. Spacing conditions were registered according to Kisling and Krebs criteria. Results. The flush terminal plane molar relation (80.3%) was the most common primary molar relation. The distal step molar relation was more frequently found in female children (12.8%) than in males (8.6%). Class 1 canine relation was the most prevalent canine relation (81.3%) among males and females. Ideal overjet (84.3%) and overbite (72.7%) were observed among the majority of the children. Spaced type of arches occurred more frequently than closed arches in this sample. The incidence of primate spaces was more in males than in females. Conclusion. The study population has fewer deviations from normal occlusion which indicates decreased tendency for malocclusion in permanent dentition. However, further longitudinal studies are necessary to identify the potential limitations of a clinical approach relying on early orthodontic diagnosis and intervention.

A Cross Sectional Study on the Psychological Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Schoolteachers in Andhra Pradesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (32) ◽  
pp. 2938-2942
Author(s):  
Ganga Raju Godasi ◽  
Abdul Salaam Mohammed ◽  
Raj Kiran Donthu ◽  
Jaya Prakash Nunna
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nonparametric Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urban Background ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
R Language ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND COVID-19 is a novel disease caused by Coronavirus. It was declared a pandemic by WHO in March 2020. To reduce the impact of the disease lockdown was imposed by various governments. This has a psychological impact on various groups of people. Schoolteachers are no less affected. There is scarcity in our understanding of the psychological impact among schoolteachers. This study is an attempt to understand the psychological impact among schoolteachers. We wanted to study the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on schoolteachers. METHODS The study was a cross-sectional one and conducted using online Google forms. A total of seventy-nine schoolteachers were included in the study analysis. The data were analysed using R language; nonparametric tests like Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis test were used. The data obtained were tabulated and discussed. RESULTS Nearly half the sample belongs to 46 to 55 years, males constitute 57 %, majority of the participants were married, there was an equal distribution from a rural and urban background and teachers working in Government setup were 86 %. Females had significantly higher levels of depression and stress. Married had significantly higher levels of depression. Moderate to severe levels of depression, anxiety and stress were seen in 2.6 %, 10 %, and 2.5 % of the participants. CONCLUSIONS The study has found an increase in psychological impact among the schoolteachers. But the reported increase is less than that observed during the peak of the pandemic. Females have more depression and stress compared to males. KEYWORDS COVID-19, Mental Disorders, Pandemic, Schoolteachers

scholarly journals Teacher Discrimination Reduces School Performance of African American Youth: Role of Gender

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shervin Assari ◽  
Cleopatra Howard Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
School Performance ◽  
African American Youth ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females

Background: Gender may alter African Americans’ vulnerability to discrimination. The type of outcomes that follow exposure to discrimination may also be gender-specific. Although teacher discrimination is known to deteriorate school performance, it is yet unknown whether male and female African American youth differ in the effect of teacher discrimination on school performance. Objective: This cross-sectional study explored the moderating role of gender on the effect of teacher discrimination on school performance in a national sample of African American youth. Methods: The National Survey of American Life-Adolescent Supplement (NSAL-A) enrolled a nationally representative sample (n = 810) of 13–17-year-old African American youth. Demographic factors, socioeconomic status, teacher discrimination, and school performance (grade point average, GPA) were measured. Linear multivariable regression models were applied for data analysis. Results: Males and females reported similar levels of perceived teacher discrimination. In the pooled sample, higher teacher discrimination was associated with lower school performance among African American youth (b = −0.35; 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.49 to −0.22). Gender interacted with perceived teacher discrimination (b = 12; 95% CI = 0.24–2.02), suggesting a significant difference between males and females in the magnitude of the association between perceived teacher discrimination and GPA. In stratified models, perceived teacher discrimination was associated with worse school performance of females (b = −12; 95% CI = −0.03 to −2.78) but not males (b = 0.01; 95% CI = −0.07 to 0.08). Conclusion: In line with previous studies, gender was found to alter the vulnerability of African American youth to perceived discrimination. African American boys and girls may differ in their sensitivity to the effects of teacher discrimination on school performance.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Brucellosis and Associated Risk Factors among Indigenous Breeds of Goats in Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaolu T. Olufemi ◽  
Danjuma B. Dantala ◽  
Paul A. Shinggu ◽  
Umesi A. Dike ◽  
Gbeminiyi R. Otolorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Public ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
La Jolla

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Wukari, Taraba state, Nigeria, to determine the prevalence of Brucella antibodies and the risk factors associated with brucellosis in indigenous breeds of goats. A total of 386 goats were sampled from three political wards: Puje, Avyi, and Hospital: harvested sera samples were subjected to Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT). GraphPad Prism version 7.03 for Windows (GraphPad Software, La Jolla California, USA) was used to analyse the association between seroprevalence of brucellosis and age, sex, breed, location, and management system by using Chi square and Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. Brucellosis was detected in all three wards: Puje; 15%, Avyi; 6.6%, and Hospital; 7.6%. A prevalence rate of 2.8%, 8%, 18.7%, and 1% was recorded for <20-month, 22-35-month, 36-45-month, and ≥46-55-month age categories, respectively (P < 0.05). Only 9.5% was observed for male animals while 9.8% was observed for female animals with no statistical difference between the males and females. Breed-specific seroprevalence yielded 7.4%, 5.4% 12%, 12.8%, and 11.6%, for Cross, West Africa Dwarf, Red Sokoto, Kano Brown, and Sahel breeds of goat, respectively. There is an evidence of brucellosis (9.6%) in Wukari L.G.A, Taraba State, and age is a risk factor for the disease in the study area. There is a need to enlighten the public on the zoonotic potentials and economic impacts of brucellosis.

scholarly journals Do Males and Females Differ in Terms of Their KAP Regarding Halal Pharmaceuticals?

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Saleha Sadeeqa ◽  
Azmi Sarriff
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Males And Females

<p><strong></strong>There is an increasing awareness amongst Muslim consumers to avoid all items containing  non-Halal ingredients including medications. Male and female are different both biologically and psychologically, it therefore, needed for a study to compare KAP of males and females regarding  Halal pharmaceuticals. Methods<strong>:</strong>This was a cross-sectional study using a structured , self-administered questionnaires to compare the knowledge, attitude &amp; perception regarding Halal pharmaceuticals, among males and females in Penang state of Malaysia. Results<strong> </strong>revealed that there is no significance difference in the knowledge, attitude and perception of males and females. This is concluded that males and females are equally aware and have same attitude and perception regarding Halal pharmaceuticals. P value of .05 or less was taken as statistically significant.</p>

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes and self-care practices of patients with glaucoma in uThungulu in KwaZulu-Natal

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aita V. Aghedo ◽  
Boikhutso Tlou ◽  
Saajida Mahomed
Keyword(s):  
Self Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glaucoma Diagnosis ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Strict Compliance ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Care Practices

Background: Glaucoma remains one of the leading causes of blindness in South Africa. Early detection, effective treatment and strict compliance with treatment are instrumental to prevent further damage to the optic nerve and thus preserve vision.Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and self-care practices of patients with glaucoma in KwaZulu-Natal.Setting: The study was conducted in the ophthalmology outpatient department of a public hospital and a private ophthalmology practice in the uThungulu district.Methods: This was an observational, analytic, cross-sectional study. Structured questionnaires assessing knowledge, attitudes and self-care practices were administered to patients presenting for follow-up glaucoma management.Results: The median age of the 384 patients in this study was 60 (interquartile range [IQR] 48.5–69.5) and 59 years (IQR 49.0–66.5) for males and females, respectively (p > 0.05). Two hundred and thirty-eight (62.0%) patients had good knowledge of glaucoma. Age, gender and duration of glaucoma diagnosis were significantly associated with good knowledge of glaucoma. Three hundred and forty-four (89.6%) patients reported having good self-care practices. Patients over the age of 65 years were significantly less likely to have good self-care practices compared to patients aged 26–45 years (odds ratio [OR]: 0.2, confidence interval [CI]: 0.1–0.6, p = 0.01). Good knowledge of glaucoma was significantly associated with good self-care practices of glaucoma (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Elderly patients do not have sufficient knowledge of glaucoma and have poor self-care glaucoma practices. It is important to involve family members of these patients in the education and counselling of glaucoma to facilitate improved disease management.

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