The prevalence and pattern of pediatric dermatoses in a tertiary care center at Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India

Background: Analysis of skin diseases in the pediatric population and its trends reflects the health and nutritional status of a community. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and pattern of skin diseases in children registered at the Dermatology OPD department of Hemawati Nandan Bahuguna Teaching Base Hospital, Srikot over a period of 1 year.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional descriptive analysis was conducted at the Dermatology OPD department of HNB teaching hospital to determine the pattern of dermatoses in children aged 0 days to 17 years, between 1 April 2017 and 31 March 2018. Cases with incomplete data, non-compliant to treatment and patients whose primary lesions are altered by the application of topical medication, not related to the existing disease were excluded from the study. The results were entered and tabulated in MS-excel sheet and descriptive analysis was done.Results: Out of 23,359 outpatients 6,274 (26.85%) were of a pediatric age with a male to female ratio of 1.2:1. The majority of the children belonged to young teens and teenagers (2377;37. 88%). Majority of pediatric dermatoses belonged to Infectious group (1373;21.88%) followed by Disorders of skin appendages (1087;17.33%) and Infestations (722;11.5%). The three most common diagnoses were Scabies (694;11.06%) followed by Fungal infections (568;10.43%) and Acne vulgaris (398;6. 34%).Conclusions: This study showed the current pattern of pediatric dermatoses in Garhwal region of Uttrakhand with a high frequency of infection and infestations with young teen and teenagers as the identified focus group for the need of intervention.

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Pattern of geriatric dermatoses at a tertiary care center in North-East India

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20175377 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 527 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sandhyarani Kshetrimayum ◽

Nandakishore Singh Thokchom ◽

Vanlalhriatpuii . ◽

N. A. Bishurul Hafi

Keyword(s):

Fungal Infections ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Systemic Diseases ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Self Medication ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

North East ◽

Lichen Simplex Chronicus

Background: The aging population is dramatically increasing with the increase in the average life. It is faced with different health problems which include skin as well. The aim was to study the clinical pattern of geriatric dermatoses and associated systemic diseases.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 18 months to study the pattern of geriatric dermatoses on 250 geriatric patients aged above 60 years attending Dermatology OPD, RIMS, Imphal.Results: Out of 250 patients 136 were males and 114 were females. The mean age was 67.28 years and the male to female ratio was 1.19:1. Majority of the patients belonged to the 60-69 age group (66%). 63.2% had the dermatosis for more than 1 month before presentation. The most common dermatoses were: infections (26.4%), eczemas (22.4%), papulosquamous (10.4%), photodermatoses (8.0%) and infestations (6.8%). Herpes zoster (13.2%) and superficial fungal infections (7.6%) was the most common infections. Lichen simplex chronicus (6%). was the main form of eczema. Psoriasis (6%) and lichen planus (4.4%) were the common papulosquamous disorders. Chronic actinic dermatitis (6%) represented as the main pattern of photodermatoses. Uncommon disorders were tumors (4%), immunobullous (2.6%), drug reaction (2.4%), vitiligo (2%) and alopecia areata (0.8%). Main co-morbid systemic diseases were hypertension (16.4%) and diabetes mellitus (6.8%). Conclusions: Different disease entities in the elderly demands different approach to management. Contributing factors like neglect, delay in seeking treatment, co-morbidities have to be properly addressed. Health education on proper skin care, avoidance of irritants and self-medication etc would help reduce the incidence of common dermatoses.

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Clinical and laboratory profiles of genital ulcers (sexually transmitted diseases) in a tertiary care center in northeastern India

Our Dermatology Online ◽

10.7241/ourd.20212.4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 120-129

Author(s):

Romita Bachaspatimayum ◽

Zamzachin Guite ◽

Thangjam Bijayanti Devi

Keyword(s):

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Herpes Genitalis ◽

Tertiary Care Center ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Ulcer Disease ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Northeastern India ◽

Genital Ulcers

Background: Genital ulcers are defined as breaches in the continuity of the genital mucosa and/or skin. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) that cause genital ulcer disease (GUD) are syphilis, chancroid, donovanosis, lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV), and herpes genitalis. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and laboratory profiles of STI-related genital ulcers. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional two-year study was conducted on patients attending the Outpatient Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy in a tertiary care center in northeastern India. Selected were 95 patients who presented themselves with STI-related genital ulcers. Detailed history taking and examination were conducted with basic tests to assist the diagnosis. Results: The male-to-female ratio was 3.32:1, and the most common site was the glans and prepuce in males (28.77%) and the labia majora and minora in females (36.36%). 96.84% of patients had superficial ulcers. The KOH mount was positive in 26 patients. The Tzanck smear was positive in 31 patients. RPR was positive in four. HIV was positive in eleven. Herpes genitalis (96.84%) was the most common GUD. Mixed STIs were attested in 41.05% of patients. Conclusion: GUD can take various forms of presentation. The available laboratory tests should be utilized. The possibility of mixed infections should always be kept in mind.

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Prevalence of non-infectious dermatoses in patients attending a tertiary care center in Rajasthan

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20190244 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 192

Author(s):

Bhagirath Singh ◽

Indira Subhadarshini Paul

Keyword(s):

Clinical Evidence ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Genetic Disorders ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pigmentary Disorders ◽

Protozoal Infection

Background: Pediatric dermatoses require a separate view from adult dermatoses as there are important differences in clinical presentation, treatment and prognosis. There is very little epidemiological study available on non-infectious childhood dermatoses in India. The aims of the study were to find the prevalence, clinical profile and various etiological factors associated with childhood non-infectious dermatoses and to determine the prevalence of most common non-infectious childhood dermatoses.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study conducted at tertiary care centre in Rajasthan, India. Children with age 13 years and below with clinical evidence of cutaneous disorders were studied. Parents who have not given consent for the study, acutely ill children, Children having infectious dermatoses (bacterial, fungal, viral, arthropods, parasitic and protozoal infection) were excluded from the study.Results: A total of 232 cases were studied which showed a female preponderance of 55.60%. Most of the skin diseases were seen in the 5 to 13 years (school children) age group. The most common dermatoses was eczematous (36.63%), among eczema atopic diathesis was the commonest (17;20%) followed by hypersensitivity dermatoses (21.12%), genetic disorders (13.36%), disorders of genetic disorders (7.4%), sweat gland disorders (8.18%), pigmentary disorders (4.31%), papulo squamous disorders (4.74%), Nevi (6.46%).Conclusions: Eczematous dermatoses were the most commonly noted in the study, followed by hypersensitivity dermatoses. Atopic diathesis was the commonest endogenous eczemas. Acne, insect bite reaction and miliaria were the other common dermatoses. There was no significant association of various dermatoses with systemic diseases in the study.

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Pattern of Skin Diseases: Experience from a Rural Community of Bangladesh

Bangladesh Medical Journal ◽

10.3329/bmj.v41i1.18784 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 50-52

Author(s):

N Ahmed ◽

MZ Islam ◽

S Farjana

Keyword(s):

Rural Community ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Ecological Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Cutaneous Infections ◽

The People ◽

Disease Pattern ◽

Male To Female

Disease pattern in a given population is generally determined by different ecological factors. Thus the objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine the pattern of skin diseases in a selected rural community of Dhamrai Upazila under Dhaka district. Out of 2645 patients attending a medical camp showed 410(15.5%) patients with dermatological problems. Among all, 260(63.4%) patients were males and 150(36.6%) were females with a male to female ratio of 1.7:1. Of these patients, 178(43.4%) had cutaneous infections and 234(56.6%) had non-infectious dermatoses. Few patients (2.7%) had more than one dermatoses. Fungal infection was the commonest infection seen (22.9%) and eczemas took an upper hand in non-infectious group (32.2%). Improvement in the standard of living, health education, improvement in the environmental sanitation and good nutritious food may help the people to bring down the skin disease in the rural part of country. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v41i1.18784 Bangladesh Medical Journal 2012 Vol. 41 No. 1; 50-52

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Prevalence and Types of Skin Diseases Seen among Children Attending the Children’s Outpatient Clinic in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern Nigeria- A Descriptive Study

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health ◽

10.9734/ijtdh/2021/v42i230438 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 39-46

Author(s):

Uju S. Azubogu ◽

Inumanye Ojule

Keyword(s):

Study Design ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Outpatient Clinic ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Port Harcourt ◽

The University

Aims: To determine the prevalence and types of skin diseases seen among children attending the Children’s Outpatient Clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH). Study Design: A descriptive Cross sectional study design was used. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Children’s Outpatient Clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital from June to August 2020 (3 months). Method: It involved 370 children aged less than 18 years. A semi structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain all relevant data. This was followed by dermatological examination of the children to make diagnosis of skin diseases. Laboratory confirmation was carried out where necessary. Results: The study participants consisted of 370 children aged 1 month to 17 years with a mean age of 8.4±5.9 years. The male to female ratio was 0.9:1 and the overall prevalence of skin diseases among the children studied was 23.7%. The three most common aetiologic categories of skin diseases seen were: Infective (13.5%), Inflammatory (5.7%) and infestations (3.5%). The five most common skin diseases identified included: Impetigo (4.1%), Scabies (3.5%), Atopic dermatitis (3.0%), Tinea capitis (2.7%) and Pityriasis versicolor (2.4%). Conclusion: Skin diseases are common among children attending the children’s outpatient clinic in our hospital with Infective skin diseases predominating. Greater efforts need to be put into the treatment, prevention and control of these skin diseases in order to limit morbidity and mortality.

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Profile of Skin Biopsies and Patterns of Granulomatous Skin Diseases in a Tertiary Care Center of Western Nepal

Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences ◽

10.3126/mjpahs.v3i2.35614 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 288-293

Author(s):

Ajay Kumar ◽

Saujan Subedi ◽

Jenny Pun ◽

Binamra Basnet ◽

Raja Babu Giri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skin Diseases ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Clinical Impression ◽

Clinicopathological Correlation ◽

Diagnostic Challenge ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Skin Biopsies

Background: Granulomatous skin diseases are one of the leading causes of morbidity in tropical countries like Nepal. These granulomatous skin lesions often pose diagnostic challenge to clinicians as well as to dermatopathologists. Histopathologic examination of a biopsy specimen represents one of the most informative and cost-effective procedure and may help to avoid other, costlier and invasive diagnostic workup. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study from October 2018 to October 2019, at department of dermatology, enrolled 142 cases of skin biopsies. Correlation between clinical impression and histopathological findings was evaluated. Results: Out of 13940 dermatology visits/ consultations, 142 (1.01%) skin biopsies were performed. Head, neck and face were the commonest sites of biopsies (29.6%). The most common biopsy technique was incisional type in 70 (50.4%). Histopathology showed granulomatous features in 49 (34.8%) cases, out of which tuberculoid type was the commonest, in 29 (58.0%). Positive clinicopathological correlation was seen in 117/142 (82.4%) for all biopsies and 41/49 (85%) for granulomaous skin lesions. Conclusion: Tuberculoid type was the most common cutaneous granuloma. High clinicopathological correlation in our study supports histopathology as an important tool for diagnosis of granulomatous as well overall skin disorders.

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A study on clinical characteristics of herpes zoster in a tertiary care center

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20170081 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 79

Author(s):

Rachana R. ◽

Shivaswamy K. N. ◽

Anuradha H. V.

Keyword(s):

Herpes Zoster ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Groups ◽

Age Group ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Varicella Zoster ◽

Medical College ◽

Male To Female

Background: Herpes zoster (HZ), also known as shingles, derived from the Latin word Cingulum, for “girdle”. This is because a common presentation of HZ involves a unilateral rash that can wrap around the waist or torso like a girdle. HZ results due to reactivation of an earlier latent infection with the varicella zoster virus (VZV) in dorsal root ganglia. It occurs at all age groups, common over 60 years of age. It is estimated that in non-immune populations, approximately 15 cases per 1000 people occur per year. The objective of the study was to study the clinical characteristics in patients with uncomplicated herpes zoster.Methods: A total of 72 patients attending dermatology OPD at Ramaiah medical college between June 2013 to September 2014 were recruited after obtaining informed consent. A detailed history regarding onset of rash, pain, progression, duration and distribution of the lesions were recorded. Demographic information including age, sex, and any other co morbidities noted. Tzanck smear and serology for HIV was done where-ever necessary.Results: Of the 72 patients, females outnumbered males [M=35(48.61%), F=37 (51.39%)] with male to female ratio of 0.9 to 1. The mean age of presentation was 58±18 years. Majority of the patients (54%) were in the age group of 51 to 70 years followed by 31-50 years (25%). Least number of cases (9%) was in the age group of 21 to 30 years. Of the 72 subjects, thoracic involvement was noted in 30.6%, followed by lumbar (22%), and trigeminal (16%). Cervical (4%) and sacral (2%) involvement was the least. Conclusions: Herpes zoster commonly occurs in old age and the presenting symptom being pain and burning sensation. Thoracic dermatome is the commonest site. Immunocompromised states like diabetes, malignancy and HIV can increase the risk of developing herpes zoster.

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A descriptive study of clinico-epidemiological profile of chronic urticaria from a tertiary care center

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20210075 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 184

Author(s):

Olasseri Kalathingal Reena Mariyath ◽

Sreekanth Sukumarakurup ◽

Sanjayan Rosamma Roopasree Pinky ◽

Mohandas Ajina ◽

Kollarukandy Vijayan Anagha

Keyword(s):

Chronic Urticaria ◽

House Dust ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Medical College ◽

Exact Etiology ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

Male To Female

Background: Chronic urticaria is defined as wheals occurring at least twice weekly for more than six weeks. Exact etiology of chronic urticaria is not known. Only a few studies are available about the clinical and epidemiological profile of chronic urticaria from our part of the country.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted among one hundred consecutives chronic urticaria patients attending the dermatology out patient department of government medical college, Kozhikode to find out the clinical and epidemiological profile of chronic urticaria.Results: Out of 100 patients 25 (25%) were males and 75 (75%) were females with a male to female ratio of 1:3. Angioedema was seen in 63 (63%) patients and dermographism in 53 (53%) patients. Food was the aggravating factor in 34 (34%) patients, exposure to house dust in 28 (28%), sweat in 36 (36%), pressure in 37 (37%), sunlight in 17 (17%), drugs in 22 (22%), stress in 36 (36%), heat in 13 (13%), water in 20 (20%), cold in 5 (5%), infection in 31 (31%) and infestations in 20 (20%) patients.Conclusions: Chronic urticaria is common in females. Angioedema and dermographism are seen in more than half of the patients with chronic urticaria. Most common aggravating factors of chronic urticaria were pressure, sweat, stress, food, infections and exposure to house dust.

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A Cross Sectional Study to Evaluate Cutaneous Manifestations in Diabetic Patients and their Correlation with Sugar Control at Tertiary Care Center in Western Maharashtra

VIMS Health Science Journal ◽

10.46858/vimshsj.8304 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 104-108

Author(s):

Dr. Ashutosh Chate ◽

Dr. Amrut Swami ◽

Ms. Sakshi Rane ◽

Dr. Ramesh Gosavi

Keyword(s):

Skin Diseases ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cutaneous Manifestations ◽

Skin Manifestations ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Study Participants

Introduction: Diabetes is a leading chronic disease in world and number of cases are significantly increasing each year in India also. Out of many associated conditions, skin involvement in diabetes also needs to be evaluated. We conducted this study to study relation between the sugar control and skin manifestations in diabetic patients. Methodology: We studied total 100 diabetic patients visiting our dermatology OPD over a period of 1 year from January to December 2020. All skin diseases in diabetic patients were studied. We studied association of these diseases with sugar control in our study participants. Results: Mean age of our study participants was 63.48 ± 18.12 years, Majority of the males were from the age group of 61 and above, 34 (62.96%) while majority of the females were from the age group of 41-60 years 25 (54.35%). Majority of the patients had diabetes for 5-10 years (52%) followed by more than 10 years (36%) and less than 5 years in 24% cases. Out of 100 participants, 44% had controlled diabetes while rest 56% had uncontrolled diabetes with HbA1c > 6. We observed a significant difference in skin manifestations of controlled and uncontrolled sugars in diabetic patients. (p = 0.007). Conclusion: From this study, we conclude that the skin is involved in diabetes quite often. Early diagnosis and treatment of skin manifestations in diabetic patients is important to reduce unwanted morbidity and further complications in the diabetic patients.

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PATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF BODY FLUIDS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN SOUTH INDIA.

10.36106/ijsr/5701996 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 60-61

Author(s):

Earla Lakshmi Bai ◽

Buddaiahgari Swathi ◽

Siva Chaithanya Bangi

Keyword(s):

Cell Count ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Clinical Pathology ◽

Major Type ◽

Pathology Laboratory ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Atypical Cells ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Male To Female

Body cavities uid analysis is done routinely in both clinical pathology and cytology departments of Pathological laboratory. Any imbalance between uid 1. formation and removal leads to effusion, as stated by Starling's law The peritoneal, pleural, cerebrospinal and pericardial uids comprise the major chunk of 2 body uids . Accumulation of uid in various body cavities can occur in vast range of benign conditions and it also a frequent clinical presentation and complication of malignant disorder. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Osmania general hospital Hyderabad, Telangana, India, during January 2020 to December 2020 and analyzed 880 uid samples collected from patients for cell count and cytology. The data collected was tabulated using Microsoft excel and analyzed using standard statistical tools. RESULTS -Of total 880 uids analyzed peritoneal uid (42%) constitutes the major type of uid sent frequently for analysis followed by cerebrospinal uid (41%) with male to female ratio of 1.9:1. 62.7% of uids had clear gross appearance . Of total 880 uid samples analyzed 649 samples (73.7%) had shown lymphocyte predominance. Of total 880 uids samples analyzed 9 samples (1%) were found positive for atypical cells, conrmed on cytology suggesting there malignant origin. CONCLUSION: uid aspiration from body cavities constitutes one of the common day care procedures for clinicians. Effusion uid analysis is key in delineating the background cause in the patient ranging from reactive, inammatory and malignant conditions. Fluid cell count coupled by cytological analysis of uids in pathology laboratory is a time tested tool having good sensitivity and specicity when interpreted along with biochemical parameters.

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