scholarly journals A study on clinical and epidemiological profile of patients admitted with white patch in throat to Sir Ronald Ross Institute of Tropical and Communicable Diseases, Hyderabad, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1984
Author(s):  
Asma . ◽  
Phani Bhushan Ivaturi
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
White Patch ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Acute Infectious Disease ◽  
Common Clinical Presentation ◽  
Toxigenic Strains ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Background: One of the most common differential diagnosis for a white patch in throat is diphtheria. Diphtheria is an acute infectious disease caused by toxigenic strains of corynebacterium diphtheriae. These bacilli release powerful exotoxin which is responsible for formation of white or greyish or yellowish membrane commonly over tonsils, pharynx or larynx. The objectives of the study were to determine the clinical and epidemiological factors of cases admitted with white patch in throat; to assess the microbiological confirmation rate of diphtheria among cases with white patch in throat; to identify the mortality and morbidity among study population.Methods: A cross sectional record based retrospective study was carried out at Sir Ronald Ross Institute of Tropical & Communicable Diseases, Hyderabad. All the cases admitted in year 2016 with a white/grey/yellowish patch in throat were included in the study. The study was carried out for 2 months.Results: A total of 230 cases were reported and 46.1% of cases were in the age group of 11-20 years. Males constituted about 48.3% and females 51.7% of study population. The most common clinical presentation was Sore throat, fever and a pseudo membrane over tonsils/pharynx. A total of 12 deaths occurred among 230 cases.Conclusions: Deaths occurred most commonly in the younger age group and in the non-immunized. Recovery was faster and the course of illness was uncomplicated in the older age group and in completely immunized individuals.

Perfil Epidemiológico de Pacientes Renais Crônicos em Tratamento Conservador em um Hospital Escola do Sul de Minas/ Epidemiological Profile of Chronic Renal Failure Patients on Conservative Treatment in a Hospital in Southern School of Minas

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Camila Dorilêo Negretti ◽  
Pablo Girardeli Mendonça Mesquita ◽  
Nilo César do Vale Baracho
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Keywords Epidemiology ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Grade Iii

Objetivo: Determinar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com Doença Renal Crônica em tratamento conservador no ambulatório do Hospital Escola de Itajubá. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo descritivo, de corte transversal, de abordagem quantitativa. Realizado com 171 pacientes atendidos em tratamento conservador no ambulatório de nefrologia no período de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2013. A coleta objetivou caracterizar idade, sexo, raça, estado civil e procedência. Também foram avaliados dados do primeiro atendimento como: valores de ureia e creatinina, o grau de DRC, a etiologia e o número de retorno. Resultados: Dos doentes renais crônicos avaliados, 50,3% eram do sexo masculino, 88% da raça branca, 54,4% casados e a maioria (70,8%) possuía faixa etária prevalente >60 anos. A maioria dos atendidos, 98,5% pertence a microrregião de referência. Quanto a dados de primeira consulta, o diabetes mellitus foi a principal etiologia (38%). Os valores de ureia e creatinina acima da referência preconizada foi observado na maioria dos pacientes e o grau III de DRC em 31% dos casos. O número médio de retornos após a primeira consulta foi de três retornos em 25,13% dos pacientes. Conclusão: A pesquisa permitiu o conhecimento do perfil epidemiológico dos portadores de DRC em tratamento conservador. Os achados reforçam a necessidade de implementação de políticas voltadas para promoção e prevenção à saúde com divulgação de mais programas de controle para minimizar o surgimento de novos casos da DRC. Palavras-chave: Epidemiologia. Doença Renal Crônica. Tratamento. ABSTRACT.Objective: Determine the epidemiological profile of patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) on conservative treatment at the Hospital Escola de Itajubá. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study of quantitative approach. It was conducted with 171 patients who were treated in conservative treatment at the nephrology clinic from January 2012 to December 2013. The collection aimed to characterize age, sex, race, marital status and origin. We also evaluated data from the first service as: urea and creatinine values, the degree of CKD the etiology and the number of return. Results: Among the chronic renal patients evaluated, 50.3% were male, 88% Caucasian, 54.4% were married and the majority (70.8%) was the most prevalent age group> 60 years. Most of the patients 98.5% belong to micro region of reference. As the first appointment data, diabetes mellitus was the major cause (38%). The urea and creatinine values above the recommended reference was observed in the majority of patients and the DRC grade III in 31% of cases. The average number of returns after the fisrt visit was three return in 25.13% of patients. Conclusion: The research gave us the knowledge of the epidemiological profile of patients with CKD on dialysis. The findings reinforce the need to implement policies for health promotion and prevention with more disclosure of control programs to minimize the appearance of new cases of CKD. Keywords: Epidemiology. Chronic Kidney Disease.Treatment.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases among Retired Military Personnel

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Md Mazharul Islam Khan ◽  
Ariful Haque ◽  
- Md Shamimuzzaman ◽  
Chyochyo Nancy ◽  
Farzana Zafreen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Epidemiologic Transition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity

Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become burning issues worldwide, especially among the elderly individuals. Bangladeshi elderly is also susceptible cohort to NCDs for its recent epidemiologic transition and the NCDs is casting as prominent risk for major mortality and morbidity related issues. Objectives: To find out the prevalence of common NCDs and its risk factors among the Bangladeshi retired military personnel. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among the retired military personnel admitted in Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Savar from January 2019 to July 2019. A face-to-face interview was carried out among the respondents using a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Among 153 retired military personnel; most common NCDs were hypertension (80.4%), diabetes mellitus 66.7%, ischemic heart disease37.3% and only 3.9 % had low back pain. Most of them accessed their health in CMH (66.7%), where 17.6% reported to Govt. hospital and only a minor portion (15.7%) to private hospital. Moreover, 70.6% of them were not willing to regular health check-up. Conclusions: The most common NCDs were hypertension, diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease. This study concluded with a few intervention strategies and community-based health promotion programs to reduce the burden of NCDs among the retired military personnel. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 35-39

scholarly journals A retrospective study of colorectal carcinoma in central India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 977
Author(s):  
Suresh Clement H. ◽  
S. Madhu Babu ◽  
Samir Ahmad ◽  
Harsha Omkar M.
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Central India ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Outer Quadrant ◽  
The World ◽  
Menstruating Women ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Background: Inner lining of lobules or ducts of milk of breast tissue is the origin of the breast cancer. Among females, it constitutes 10.4% of cancer cases incidence all over the world. It thus is the fifth leading cause of mortality all over the world. As known, it is more common in females than males. The objective of this study was to study the clinical and epidemiological profile of breast cancer patients.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out for a period of two and half years at M. G. M. Hospital, Warangal. Both males and females of 30 years and above were included in the study. Total number of carcinoma cases admitted during 2005 to 2007 for a period of two and half years were 1,428. Total number of carcinoma breast cases admitted during 2005 to 2007 for a period of two and half years were 242.Results: Maximum cases i.e. 44.6% belonged to stage III of breast cancer. Maximum cases were seen among Hindus i.e. 76.4%. As expected, only one case was reported by males which constituted only 0.42%. Highest number of cases i.e. 99 (40.9%) were reported during the age group of 40-50 years. Multi para women constituted more number of cases in 78.8%. Maximum number of cases of breast cancer i.e. 41.6% occurred among menstruating women. Most commonly affected quadrant was upper outer in 55.1% of cases. The most common type was Schirrous carcinoma in 39.6% of cases.Conclusions: Upper outer quadrant was most commonly affected. This indicates that the women in the reproductive age group should be directed to examine their breast daily with specific attention to upper outer quadrant.

scholarly journals Prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Aligarh: a community based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 2576
Author(s):  
Riyaz Ahmad S. ◽  
Mohd Haroon Khan ◽  
M. Athar Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCD) are now recognized as major cause of morbidity and mortality. All countries, irrespective of their stage of economic development or demographic and epidemiological transition, face an increasing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases.Methods: This is a community based cross sectional study conducted at field practice areas of the urban and rural health training centers, Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh. 640 study subject’s age group 18-65 years. Systematic random sampling and proportionate to population size method (PPS). SPSS version 13 and Chi-square was used to analyse the data.Results: The age group for the present study was chosen to be 18-65 years of age. The study population consisted of 340 females and 300 males. 27.1% belong to younger age group (18-25 years), whereas in urban areas majority (27.3%) belongs to 26-35 years age group. Also, the study group comprised of higher percentage of females (53%) compared to males (47%).129 (20.2%) subjects were found to be current smokers. Only 4 (1.3%) women were smokers. The prevalence of smokeless tobacco use which was found to be 21.6% (28.3% in males and 15.6% in females). The prevalence of current alcohol use in our study to be 10.3% in males and 0.6% in females. The overall prevalence of alcohol use was 5.2%. Alcohol use showed inverse relation with socioeconomic class, About 87% of the respondents did not have sufficient intake of fruits and vegetables. The physical inactivity during work was more in males (30.7%) compared to females (15.5%. Mean body weight, BMI and waist circumference showed significant changes with age in both sexes.Conclusions: It can be concluded from our study that the burden of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among the rural and urban areas of Aligarh is quite high.

scholarly journals Study of Clinical-Pathological Discrepancies in Autopsie

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Previous Decade ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Clinical Records

Background: Autopsy is a traditional method in pathology for the study of diseases or injuries, being key to elucidate the cause of death. However, the number of autopsies has been decreasing progressively. Design and Context: Retrospective cross-sectional study to analyze the presence of discrepancy between clinical and pathological diagnoses as to the cause of death according to the Goldman criteria, verify the epidemiological profile of the main causes of death, and tabulate the number of procedures conducted annually. Method: Analyzing clinical records and autopsy reports from the Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine of the Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) from 1963 to 2012 and performing statistical analysis on the data collected. Results: The predominant age group was of dead fetuses (30.6% of all cases). The main cause of death was infection (68.4% of diagnoses). After a peak in the early 1980s, there was a progressive drop in the rates of postmortem examination. In the 1990s, the average number of autopsies fell by 58% in relation to the previous decade, and the last decade of the Century registered a decrease of 80% as compared to the average of the 1980s. According to the Goldman criteria, there was discrepancy between ante- and postmortem diagnoses as to the cause of death in 26.2% of the cases. Conclusion: The rates of discrepancy between clinical diagnoses and autopsy findings regarding the cause of death remain high, even though medicine has become more and more advanced in technology.

scholarly journals Small Bowel Volvulus (SBV) in Northcentral Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atalel Fentahun Awedew ◽  
Woldemariam Beka Belay ◽  
Bedemariam Tadesse Amsalu ◽  
Dawit Zerihun Yalewu
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Small Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Small Bowel Volvulus ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Debre Tabor ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Abstract Background: Small bowel volvulus (SBV) is a benign gastrointestinal surgical condition in which there is a torsion of all or parts of a segment of small bowel on its mesenteric axis. It has been contributed significant burden of surgical emergency as cause of small bowel obstruction in developing countries. The main objective this study was to explore clinical and epidemiological profile of Small bowel volvulus in Northcentral Ethiopia Method: The study was conducted at Debre Tabor General Hospital, South Gondar in Northcentral Ethiopia. The medical records of patients with a discharge diagnosis of small bowel volvulus were reviewed. The patients were seen for a 4year period from Jan1, 2016-Dec31, 2019. The study was hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional and data were collected with a standardized structure questioner tool. The collected data checked for any inconsistency, code, and enter SPSS version 23 for data processing and analysis. Descriptive analyses were represented as frequency, percent, mean ± standard deviation for normal distribution, and Median ± Interquartile range for skewed data. Cross tabulation analysis was done for risk factors contributed for mortality and morbidity of SBV.Result: There were 148 patients with Small bowel volvulus as a cause of small bowel obstruction was admitted within four years. The annual occurrence rate of SBV was 35cases per year. Small bowel volvulus represented 59% of small bowel obstruction and 36.3% of bowel obstruction. The majority of SBV were males (N=125, 84.5%) and females were (N=23, 15.5%). The age ranged from 15-78years.The mean age was 41.14±(SD=15.4) .The most common clinical presentation was abdominal pain 98% and vomiting 91.2%. The median time of hospital stay was 5 days (± IQR=2).The mean duration of illness before hospital admission was 2days (± SD=1.4) and median was 1 day (± IQR=2). The morbidity rate was 5.4% (N=8) and the mortality rate was 3.4 %( N=5) Conclusion: Annual occurrence of SBV was 37 cases per year. The prevalence of SBV was 59% of small bowel obstruction and 36.3% of bowel obstruction respectively.

scholarly journals Small bowel volvulus (SBV) in Northcentral Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atalel Fentahun Awedew ◽  
Woldemariam Beka Belay ◽  
Bedemariam Tadesse Amsalu ◽  
Dawit Zerihun Yalewu
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Small Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Small Bowel Volvulus ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Abstract Background: Small bowel volvulus (SBV) is a benign gastrointestinal surgical condition in which there is a torsion of all or parts of a segment of small bowel on its mesenteric axis. It has been contributed significant burden of surgical emergency as cause of small bowel obstruction in developing countries. The main objective this study was to explore clinical and epidemiological profile of Small bowel volvulus in Northcentral Ethiopia Method: The study was conducted at Debre Tabor General Hospital, South Gondar in Northcentral Ethiopia. The medical records of patients with a discharge diagnosis of small bowel volvulus were reviewed. The patients were seen for a 4-year period from Jan1, 2016-Dec31, 2019. The study was hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional and data were collected with a standardized structure questioner tool. The collected data checked for any inconsistency, code, and enter SPSS version 23 for data processing and analysis. Descriptive analyses were represented as frequency, percent, mean ± standard deviation for normal distribution, and Median ± Interquartile range for skewed data. Cross tabulation analysis was done for risk factors contributed for mortality and morbidity of SBV.Result: There were 148 patients with Small bowel volvulus as a cause of small bowel obstruction was admitted within four years. The annual occurrence rate was 35cases per year. It represented 59% of small bowel obstruction and 36.3% of bowel obstruction. The majority were males (N=125, 84.5%) and females were (N=23, 15.5%). The age ranged from 15-78 years. The mean age was 41.14±(SD=15.4) .The most common clinical presentation was abdominal pain 98% and vomiting 91.2%. The median time of hospital stay was 5 days (± IQR=2).The mean duration of illness before hospital admission was 2 days (± SD=1.4) and median was 1 day (± IQR=2). The morbidity rate was 5.4% (N=8) and the mortality rate was 3.4 %( N=5) Conclusion: Annual occurrence of SBV was 37 cases per year. The prevalence of SBV was 59% of small bowel obstruction and 36.3% of bowel obstruction respectively.

scholarly journals American cutaneous leishmaniasis: epidemiological profile of patients treated in Londrina from 1998 to 2009

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 748-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubens Pontello Junior ◽  
Airton dos Santos Gon ◽  
Alessandra Ogama
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
The Body ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
State University ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Pentavalent Antimony ◽  
Common Clinical Presentation ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

BACKGROUND: American cutaneous leishmaniasis is a dermatozoonosis of compulsory notification with relevant morbidity. The disease is considered endemic in northern Paraná. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical, laboratory and epidemiological aspects of patients with American cutaneous leishmaniasis treated at Clinics Hospital, State University of Londrina, Brazil (Paraná). METHODS: This was an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive study. The medical records of patients with American cutaneous leishmaniasis treated at the University Hospital of Londrina - Paraná, from 1998 to 2009 were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 470 patients, with prevalence of 8.72 cases / 100,000 inhabitants, participated in the study. Most patients were male, aged 21-40 years, with a single ulcerated lesion as the most common clinical presentation, located mainly in an exposed area of the body. With regard to immunological tests, the Montenegro intradermal reaction was positive in 84.4% of cases. Treatment with pentavalent antimony was well tolerated, and patient follow-up for a year occurred in 59% of cases. CONCLUSION: American cutaneous leishmaniasis is still an endemic disease in the region, with a high potential for morbidity, but with a cure rate of around 95% after treatment. The use of immunological techniques facilitates the diagnosis of clinically suspicious cases.

scholarly journals Extradural Haematoma in Children: Surgical Experiences and Prospective Analysis of 138 Cases

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Sharif Md. Noman Khaled Chowdhury ◽  
Abdul Hanif ◽  
K M Tarikul Islam ◽  
Ehsan Mahmud ◽  
Sk. Sader Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Extradural Haematoma ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Common Clinical Presentation ◽  
Operative Measures

Objective: The authors present their experiences in the management of xtradural haematoma in children which involved an aggressive diagnostic approach, prompt surgical evacuation of the haematoma results in an excellent outcome.Subjects and methods: 138 consecutive patients with cranial extradural haematoma who underwent surgery in department of Neurosurgery from 1st January 2006 to 31st July 2009 were included in this prospective study. Each of the patients were evaluated in term of age, sex, mode of injury, localization of haematoma, clinical presentation, CT findings, operative measures and outcome.Results: Out of 138 cases 72.47 % were boys and 13.78 % were girls. The boys and girls ratio was 2.64: 1. Age ranges from 1.8 to 15 years with a mean age of 9.49 years. Most of the victims are in first half of second decade of life and closely followed by the 5-10 years age group. The most common mode of injury was fall 40.58 %, (n = 56) followed by Road traffic Accident (RTA) 31.89 %, (n = 44) .The Most common clinical presentation was altered sensorium 59.43 %, (n = 82), followed by Headache / Vomiting 56.53 %, (n = 78).Conclusion: Extradural haematoma in children is a recognized and one of the most rewarding neurosurgical emergencies. It must be recognized and evacuate early to prevent potential mortality and morbidity. Many factors affect the outcome of extradural haematoma surgery. In addition to influence of presence cranial fractures, associated brain lesions and pre-operative neurological condition of patient, duration of time interval between onset of coma and surgical intervention, morbidity and mortality have also been shown to be affected by age – with better prognosis in patients under 10 years of age.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jpsb.v1i1.19450

scholarly journals Adolescent’s Self-Efficacy for Early Marriage in South Bangka Regency, Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 427
Author(s):  
Antarini Antarini ◽  
Putri Rhadiyah ◽  
Tesza Permata ◽  
Rizka Marcely ◽  
Dini Montovani
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Verbal Persuasion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Weak Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

The percentage of married women under the age of 20 years at 13% with a median age of 20.1 years and the median marriage age of first marriage in the rural lower at 19.7. Pregnancy at a very young age correlated with maternal mortality and morbidity. Girls aged 10-14 are five times the risk of dying during pregnancy or childbirth compared to the age group of 20-24 years, while the risk is doubled in the age group of 15-19 years. This study aimed to analyze several variables that affect the self-forming efficacy of early marriages. The research was explanatory research with cross sectional design. The sample size was 241. Data analysis was performed using correlation analysis Somers. There were very weak positive correlation for Verbal Persuasion (r=0.013), very weak negative correlation for Vicarious Experience (r=-0026) and Emotional Arousal (r=-0075), weak negative correlation between Mastery Experience factor (r=-0035) with early marriage.

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