scholarly journals Gastric mucosal damage with aspirin: results of experimental models in adult albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Asma Fayyaz ◽  
Afra Samad ◽  
Uzma Waseem ◽  
Sadaf Shafique ◽  
Shagufta Nasreen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Damage ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
P Value ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Group B

Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the over-the-counter available medicine and are notorious for their potential in causing peptic ulcer disease. Aspirin in used to treat cardiovascular disease and are commonly prescribed medicine.Methods: 24 healthy albino rats of either sex were purchased and kept at controlled in controlled environment. These are mainly divided into the two groups named as group A and group B having 12 rats in each group. 25 gm of the powdered henna was mixed in 250 ml distilled water. Aspirin was used in the dose of 100 mg/kg drug solution is prepared every day before administration. Animals were sacrificed from each group on day 8th and 15th. Macroscopic ulcer was identified and Fibroblast, inflammatory cells, congested blood vessels were counted. SPSS version 21 was used to statistically analyse the data. P value of ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: aspirin group have more ulcer, congested blood vessels, inflammatory infiltrate and increased number of fibroblasts compared to control. The values were statistically significant with p value less than 0.05.Conclusions: gastric ulcer is quite common and it occur because of the imbalance between protecting and aggravating factors. aspirin is a common offender of gastric ulcer because of its common use.

Hepatoprotective Role of Propolis Extract to Prevent Hepatotoxic Effects of ATT in patients with Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2867-2869
Author(s):  
Asma Arshad ◽  
Saira Munawar ◽  
Rabia Sajjad Toor ◽  
Saba Saleem ◽  
Kanwal Sharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Dose ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
P Value ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Measured Weight ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Objective: The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of propolis in hepatocytes injury caused by ATT due to isoniazid and rifampicin. Methods: Healthy albino rats of with average weight of 200-250g were under this study. These rats dividing into main four groups, A group is taken a control group and then further into the group B, group C, and group D as group for experiments. The control group had 15 rats with measured weight, they were given distilled water. Group B had 15 rats, they were given with standard dose of rifampicin and isoniazid. Group c had 15 rats, they were also given with standard dose of rifampicin and isoniazid. Group D had 15 rats, they were given with standard dose of rifampicin and isoniazid and also extract of the propolis we prepared. Results: Serum ALT in the experimental group B with group C, group D were also found to be of statistically significant with p-value < 0.001. ALT serum level observed high in group B. Multiple comparison between groups revealed that group B with a significantly increase in the serum enzyme AST level in comparison to group A, group C and group D with p-value <0.001. Conclusion: This study showed that ethanolic extract of propolis prevents isoniazid and rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity in the albino rats. Key words; Propolis, Anti-tuberculosis treatment, Hepato-toxicity.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory activity of acacia catechu-bark aqueous solution in aspirin induced gastric ulcer in rodents

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 5649
Author(s):  
Uzma Waseem ◽  
Syeda Rizwana Jafri ◽  
Sarah Khalid ◽  
Fauzia Qureshi ◽  
Nadia Majeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Gastric Injury ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Group B ◽  
Acacia Catechu

Background: Aspirin is amongst the most widely used drugs and has many adverse effects on gastric mucosa. Anti-inflammatory properties of Acacia catechu have been established already. Objective was to evaluate the histopathological changes induced by aspirin in the stomach of albino rats and to assess the protective effect of different doses of Acacia catechu.Methods: Experimental study Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore for 21 days. Forty-eight adult albino rats, both males and female, were divided into four groups A, B, C and D randomly; each comprising of 12 rats. Group A was control, group B was given aspirin 100 mg/kg and group C and D were given aspirin 100 mg/kg along with Acacia catechu 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg respectively by oral route. The rats from individual group were sacrificed on 3rd day, 7th day and 14th day and stomachs were examined under light microscope to observe the inflammatory cells infiltration.Results: Gross and microscopic findings on days 3, 7 and 14 were similar. Control groups A1, A2 and A3 showed normal healthy gastric mucosa and the least number of inflammatory cells. In group B, aspirin produced ulcerations and linear breaks; with highest inflammatory infiltrates. On microscopic examination, numerous inflammatory cells were noted. Group C and D rats had minimum ulcer index and fewer inflammatory cells.Conclusions: Acacia catechu has protective role against gastric injury by inhibiting inflammation. 

scholarly journals The Potential of Sweet Starfruit as a Gastroprotector of Gaster Damage Due to Free Radicals

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Alandra Rizhaqi Vastra ◽  
Mira Yustika Susilo ◽  
Neema Putri Prameswari ◽  
Bagus Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Damage ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Averrhoa Carambola ◽  
Active Substances

Gastric ulcer is a condition when deep gastric mucosa is damaged. This condition can be caused by oxidative stress which produces free radicals. Ulcer can be potentially prevented or treated with active substances contained by plants such as sweet starfruit. Sweet starfruit (Averrhoa carambola Linn) is a plant that has a high antioxidant effect with flavonoid content which plays a role in the process of gastric mucosal damage Objective to describe the potential gastroprotector effect of sweet starfruit (Averrhoa carambola Linn) in gastric damage caused by free radicals. This paper used literature study involving 18 libraries both national and international books and journal. Sweet starfruit (Averrhoa carambola Linn) contains flavonoid, this compound can work as an antioxidant by giving electrons to free radicals which causes the structure of free radicals to be more stable so that it can prevent the process of lipid peroxidase. Conclusions: Sweet starfruit has anti-ulcer potential effect with its antioxidant content which is flavonoids. Keywords: gastric ulcer, free radical, sweet starfruit, antioxidant

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Ocimum basilicum Against Atrophic Changes in Graafian Follicles in Cyclophosphamide Induced Ovarian Toxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Saba Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
P Value ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Intraperitoneal Dose ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Natural Herb

Introduction: Cyclophosphamide is one of the alkylating chemotherapeutic drug used in cancer patients that has antifertility effects on female gonads. Ocimum basilicum is a natural herb rich in polyphenols and is known to improve fertility. Aims & Objectives: The study was designed to evaluate the role of natural herb, Ocimum basilicum extract, as a preventive agent against ovarian follicular toxicity induced by cyclophosphamide. Place and duration of study: This experimental study was performed in the Department of Anatomy, Shaikh Zayed Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore. The duration of study was 8 months. Material & Methods: 45 female albino rats were divided equally in control group A, experimental group B and group C each contained 15 rats. Group A rats received single dose of 150 mg/kg normal saline intraperitoneally on 8th day of experiment, while group B was given single intraperitoneal dose of 150 mg/kg cyclophosphamide at day 8 of experiment. Group C rats were pretreated with methanolic basil (Ocimum basilicum) seeds extract for 7 days followed by single intraperitoneal dose of 150 mg/kg cyclophosphamide at day 8 of experiment. All the rats were dissected 48 hours after the last dose. Results: Graafian follicles were atrophied showing atretic granulosa cells in group B when compared with control group A with p value <0.001. However, significant improvement in status of Graafian follicles was observed in group C, when compared with group B with p value <0.025. Conclusion: This study depicts that basil seeds extract can prevent the cellular toxicity in Graafian follicles caused by cyclophosphamide treatment. So the use of basil seeds during chemotherapy can significantly limit its toxic effects on Graafian follicles.

scholarly journals Investigation into the Possible Risk Effects Associated with Drug and Alcohol-induced Gastrointestinal Ulcer in Wistar Albino Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Oladayo E. Apalowo ◽  
Oladayo J. Areola ◽  
Gbenga S. Ogunleye ◽  
Ayodeji S. Odukoya ◽  
Olusegun O. Babalola
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Creatine Kinase Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Ulcer ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Three Body

Aim: The study investigated the possible risks associated with gastrointestinal ulcer disease by evaluating the biochemical response of three body organs; heart, kidney and liver, in gastric ulcerated rats. Methodology: Twenty male wistar albino rats were used in the study. Gastric ulcer was induced in rats with single oral dose of 400 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) aspirin, 80 mg/kg b.w. indomethacin and 5 ml/kg b.w. acidified ethanol (40:60 v/v). Blood samples were collected into heparinized bottle and centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 10 mins to obtain the plasma. Gastric tissue, liver, kidney and heart were also collected. Results: Oral administration of 400 mg/kg b.w. aspirin, 80 mg/kg b.w. indomethacin and 5 ml/kg b.w. acidified ethanol caused a remarkable increase in ulcer index. There was observed a significant (p<0.05) reduction in AST and ALT activities in gastric ulceration caused by aspirin (Asp), with no significant (p<0.05) change in total protein (TP) concentration, lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase activity. However, there was increase in creatinine and urea concentration. Acidified ethanol and Indomethacin-induced ulcerated rats showed significant (p<0.05) reduction in all other parameters except ALT and lactate dehydrogenase activities which did not show any significant (p<0.05) change. There was also observed a significant (p<0.05) increase in creatine kinase activity in indomethacin-induced ulcerated rats. Conclusion: Overall, the result indicates a link between gastric ulcer and organ toxicity. The use of NSAIDs above the therapeutic doses in the treatment of pains and related illness as well as excess consumption of alcohol is shown to negatively impact the stomach and cause serious damage to different body organs of wistar rats.

scholarly journals Gastroprotective Effect of Ethanol Extracts from Bark of Magnolia officinalis on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Damage in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Shu Fu ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Xin Nie ◽  
Wan Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Damage ◽  
Gastric Injury ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Gastroprotective Effect ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Magnolia Officinalis

Background. Magnolia officinalis Rehd. and Wils. is widely used in Asian countries because of its multiple pharmacological effects. This study investigated the gastroprotective effect and mechanisms of the ethanol extracts from the bark of Magnolia officinalis (MOE) against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. Methods. MOE was prepared by reflux extraction with 70% ethanol, and its main compounds were analyzed by UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS. DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of MOE in vitro. The gastroprotective effects of MOE were evaluated by the area of gastric injury, H&E (hematoxylin-eosin), and PAS (periodic acid-Schiff). The mechanism was explored by measuring the levels of cytokines and protein in the NF-κB signaling pathway. Results. 30 compounds were identified from MOE, mainly including lignans and alkaloids. MOE presented a high antioxidant activity in several oxidant in vitro systems. Gastric ulcer index and histological examination showed that MOE reduced ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in a dose-dependent manner. MOE pretreatment significantly restored the depleted activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzymes, reduced malondialdehyde (MDA), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in the gastric tissue in rats. In addition, MOE also inhibited the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway and decreased the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Conclusions. The gastroprotective effect of MOE was attributed to the inhibition of oxidative stress and the NF-κB inflammatory pathway. The results provided substantial evidence that MOE could be a promising phytomedicine for gastric ulcer prevention.

scholarly journals Gastrin, Histamine Prostaglandin: Indicators for assessing efficacy of cimetidine, Omeprazole and Ranitidine in Gastric Ulcer Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Jimmy Etukudo Okon ◽  
Gideon Umezuruike Egesie
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Radical Cure ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Organ Specific

Background and Objectives: There is increase prevalence of gastric ulcer in the society, but the drugs that are sensitive for radical cure are not screened with physiologic markers such which affect proper management of the disease. The objective of the study is to relate various sources or organ specific templates: gastrin, histamine and prostaglandin relating with the disease in evaluating the potencies of cimetidine, ranitidine and omeprazole for best choice of the drugs in gastric ulcer disease treatment.Material and Methods: Plasma, gastric and antral prostaglandins, histamine and gastrin levels were studied in ninety-six (96), male and female Swiss albino rats for 28 days, using high performance liquid chromatography.Results: Male and female rats with gastric ulcer treated with cimetidine, omepraszole and ranitidine showed no significant difference (P>0.5) in gastrin and the drug groups in plasma, gastric and antral concentrations. But, there was significant difference (P<0.05) in histamine levels between cimetidine, omeprazole and ranitidine in their gastric and plasma concentration. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in prostaglandin values between cimetidine, omeprazole and ranitidine. Also there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in gastric and plasma levels of gastrin, histamine and prostaglandin between 7, 14, 21 and 28 days treatment period. But, there was significant difference (P<0.05) in antral concentration of gastrin, histamines and prostaglandin between the drug groups. However, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in antral gastrin between male and female rats in cimetidine and ranitidine treatment. The three drugs were associated with high levels of gastrin, histamine, low prostaglandin though cimetidine showed higher concentration of prostaglandin.Conclusion: It is concluded that gastrin, histamine and prostaglandin are sensitive indicators in evaluating anti-ulcerogenic drugs efficacies.Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2017) Vol. 5(2): 5-12

Effect of diallyl disulfide on acute gastric mucosal damage induced by alcohol in rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-C Lee ◽  
H-S Baek ◽  
S-H Kim ◽  
C Moon ◽  
S-H Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Organosulfur Compound ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Diallyl Disulfide ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Tnf Α

This study investigated the gastroprotective effects of diallyl disulfide (DADS), a secondary organosulfur compound derived from garlic ( Allium sativum L.) on experimental model of ethanol (EtOH)-induced gastric ulcer in rats. The antiulcerogenic activity of DADS was evaluated by gross/histopathological inspection, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and lipid peroxidation with antioxidant enzyme activities in the stomach. DADS (100 mg/kg) was administered by oral gavage 2 h prior to EtOH treatment (5 ml/kg). The animals were killed 1 h after receiving EtOH treatment. Pretreatment with DADS attenuated EtOH-induced gastric mucosal injury, as evidenced by decreased severity of hemorrhagic lesions and gastric ulcer index upon visual inspection. DADS also prevented histopathological alterations and gastric apoptotic changes caused by EtOH. An increase in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase was observed in the gastric tissues of EtOH-treated rats that coincided with increased serum TNF-α and interleukin 6 levels. In contrast, DADS effectively suppressed production of pro-inflammatory mediators induced by EtOH. Furthermore, DADS prevented the formation of gastric malondialdehyde and the depletion of reduced glutathione content and restored antioxidant enzyme activities, such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase in the gastric tissues of EtOH-treated rats. These results indicate that DADS prevents gastric mucosal damage induced by acute EtOH administration in rats and that the protective effects of DADS may be due to its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document