scholarly journals A review of emerging innovations in COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakshi Saggi
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
Disruptive Innovations ◽  
And Function

The COVID-19 pandemic has globally impacted humanity. Human health, productivity, social life and function is affected. Every country has felt effects, domestic as well as international. Emerging technologies also known as disruptive technologies have played a significant role in the pandemic. This literature review is a manifest overview on the utilization of existing technologies during the COVID-19 pandemic. The strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats of the innovative technologies under review have been summarized. Their benefits and further scope of disruptive innovations have been reviewed. The review aims to identify and highlight approaches/gaps for improvement and future application.

scholarly journals SHEPHERD THEME IN TURKISH PAINTING ART

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (62) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Human History ◽  
Qualitative Research Method ◽  
Turkish Culture

Shepherding, with a rooted past as the human history, has become an occupation, learned and practiced based upon master-apprentice relationship by people growing up in countryside, which is seen and heard from childhood, providing more or less knowledge about it. Pasturing, watering, herding and selecting the place of pasture and sheltering for the animal herds are related with the knowledge, will and experience of the shepherd and therefore seen as an important occupation in Turkish culture. Cultural riches, customs and traditions are important elements, which create the existence and memory of the community and forge a link between people. One of these elements which create cultural riches is traditional occupations. When Turkish painting art is examined, it is seen that cultural riches, customs and traditions and traditional occupations are often referred. Shepherd occupation, which carries a significant role among traditional occupations, is addressed in many art branches such as paintings, novels and poetry and interpreted in various styles by artists, in every era of Turkish painting art. The aim of this study is to explain the importance of shepherd occupation which carry a significant role in Turkish culture and social life; to analyze the Works of Turkish painters from an aesthetic point and to show how it is reflected to the Turkish painting art. Literature review and work examination was conducted within qualitative research method. The works of artists who lived in various eras of Turkish painting art were examined and analyzed in order to reach a conclusion. Keywords: Shepherd, turkish painting art, art, painting

The impact of emerging and disruptive technologies on freight transportation in the digital era: current state and future trends

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanwen Dong ◽  
Asif Akram ◽  
Dan Andersson ◽  
Per-Olof Arnäs ◽  
Gunnar Stefansson
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Freight Transportation ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact

PurposeWith various challenges in the digital era, stakeholders are expressing growing interests in understanding the impact of emerging and disruptive technologies on freight transportation. This paper provides a systematic literature review of the current state of affairs as well as future trends and aims to support stakeholders' decision-making in logistics management in the era of disruptive technologies.Design/methodology/approachSeveral recent and representative articles from academic, industrial and governmental perspectives were investigated to set the scene for this research and to serve as a baseline for electing nine emerging technologies, which were then used to conduct a systematic literature review covering the literature within the area during the past twelve years.Findings3D printing, artificial intelligence, automated robots, autonomous vehicles, big data analytics, blockchain, drones, electric vehicles and the Internet of Things were identified as the emerging technologies. The current state of existing research and potential future opportunities were analyzed.Research limitations/implicationsSince the potential literature body is almost impossible to fully cover, a tradeoff between the number of emerging technologies and the related literature reviewed has been performed. However, the paper provides a novel approach to select the emerging and disruptive technologies and a systematic literature review to fill the identified research gap in the related literature.Practical implicationsThe research support various stakeholders to better capture the current status of and the future opportunities in freight transportation and gain a clearer understanding of the disruptive technologies as well as to guide them in how to deploy these initiatives in future decision-making.Originality/valueBy providing a systematic literature review on the trends, themes and research opportunities in the era of disruptive technologies, the papers bring about broad and comprehensive review on the impact of disruptive technologies on logistics and transportation as well as opportunities to support management decision support in the logistics industry.

scholarly journals AB0602 IMPACT OF SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS ON PAIN AND FUNCTION IN KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1337.2-1337
Author(s):  
T. W. Swinnen ◽  
M. Willems ◽  
I. Jonkers ◽  
F. P. Luyten ◽  
J. Vanrenterghem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Intervention Effects ◽  
Socioeconomic Outcomes ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Background:The personal and societal burden of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) urges the research community to identify factors that predict its onset and progression. A mechanistic understanding of disease is currently lacking but needed to develop targeted interventions. Traditionally, risk factors for KOA are termed ‘local’ to the joint or ‘systemic’ referring to whole-body systems. There are however clear indications in the scientific literature that contextual factors such as socioeconomic position merit further scientific scrutiny, in order to justify a more biopsychosocial view on risk factors in KOA.Objectives:The aims of this systematic literature review were to assess the inclusion of socioeconomic factors in KOA research and to identify the impact of socioeconomic factors on pain and function in KOA.Methods:Major bibliographic databases, namely Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science and Cochrane, were independently screened by two reviewers (plus one to resolve conflicts) to identify research articles dealing with socioeconomic factors in the KOA population without arthroplasty. Included studies had to quantify the relationship between socioeconomic factors and pain or function. Main exclusion criteria were: a qualitative design, subject age below 16 years and articles not written in English or Dutch. Methodological quality was assessed via the Cochrane risk of bias tools for randomized (ROB-II) and non-randomized intervention studies (ROBIN-I) and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for assessing the quality of non-randomised studies. Due to heterogeneity of studies with respect to outcomes assessed and analyses performed, no meta-analysis was performed.Results:Following de-duplication, 7639 articles were available for screening (120 conflicts resolved without a third reader). In 4112 articles, the KOA population was confirmed. 1906 (25%) were excluded because of knee arthroplasty and 1621 (21%) because of other issues related to the population definition. Socioeconomic factors could not be identified in 4058 (53%) papers and were adjusted for in 211 (3%) articles. In the remaining papers covering pain (n=110) and/or function (n=81), education (62%) and race (37%) were most frequently assessed as socioeconomic factors. A huge variety of mainly dichotomous or ordinal socioeconomic outcomes was found without further methodological justification nor sensitivity analysis to unravel the impact of selected categories. Although the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) was the most popular instrument to assess pain and function, data pooling was not possible as socioeconomic factors estimates were part of multilevel models in most studies. Overall results showed that lower education and African American race were consistent predictors of pain and poor function, but those effects diminished or disappeared when psychological aspects (e.g. discrimination) or poverty estimates were taken into account. When function was assessed using self-reported outcomes, the impact of socioeconomic factors was more clear versus performance-based instruments. Quality of research was low to moderate and the moderating or mediating impact of socioeconomic factors on intervention effects in KOA is understudied.Conclusion:Research on contextual socioeconomic factors in KOA is insufficiently addressed and their assessment is highly variable methodologically. Following this systematic literature review, we can highlight the importance of implementing a standardised and feasible set of socioeconomic outcomes in KOA trials1, as well as the importance of public availability of research databases including these factors. Future research should prioritise the underlying mechanisms in the effect of especially education and race on pain and function and assess its impact on intervention effects to fuel novel (non-)pharmacological approaches in KOA.References:[1]Smith TO et al. The OMERACT-OARSI Core Domain Set for Measurement in Clinical Trials of Hip and/or Knee Osteoarthritis J Rheumatol 2019. 46:981–9.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.

scholarly journals Rapamycin: Drug Repurposing in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Jiri Patocka ◽  
Kamil Kuca ◽  
Patrik Oleksak ◽  
Eugenie Nepovimova ◽  
Martin Valis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Human Health ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Suitable Candidate ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
The World

Since December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has been a worldwide pandemic with enormous consequences for human health and the world economy. Remdesivir is the only drug in the world that has been approved for the treating of COVID-19. This drug, as well as vaccination, still has uncertain effectiveness. Drug repurposing could be a promising strategy how to find an appropriate molecule: rapamycin could be one of them. The authors performed a systematic literature review of available studies on the research describing rapamycin in association with COVID-19 infection. Only peer-reviewed English-written articles from the world’s acknowledged databases Web of Science, PubMed, Springer and Scopus were involved. Five articles were eventually included in the final analysis. The findings indicate that rapamycin seems to be a suitable candidate for drug repurposing. In addition, it may represent a better candidate for COVID-19 therapy than commonly tested antivirals. It is also likely that its efficiency will not be reduced by the high rate of viral RNA mutation.

scholarly journals Pathophysiology of acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: a systematic literature review to inform EULAR points to consider

RMD Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e001549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Najm ◽  
Alessia Alunno ◽  
Xavier Mariette ◽  
Benjamin Terrier ◽  
Gabriele De Marco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Humoral And Cellular Immunity ◽  
Host Immune Responses ◽  
Disease Spectrum ◽  
And Function

BackgroundThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is a global health problem. Beside the specific pathogenic effect of SARS-CoV-2, incompletely understood deleterious and aberrant host immune responses play critical roles in severe disease. Our objective was to summarise the available information on the pathophysiology of COVID-19.MethodsTwo reviewers independently identified eligible studies according to the following PICO framework: P (population): patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection; I (intervention): any intervention/no intervention; C (comparator): any comparator; O (outcome) any clinical or serological outcome including but not limited to immune cell phenotype and function and serum cytokine concentration.ResultsOf the 55 496 records yielded, 84 articles were eligible for inclusion according to question-specific research criteria. Proinflammatory cytokine expression, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), was increased, especially in severe COVID-19, although not as high as other states with severe systemic inflammation. The myeloid and lymphoid compartments were differentially affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection depending on disease phenotype. Failure to maintain high interferon (IFN) levels was characteristic of severe forms of COVID-19 and could be related to loss-of-function mutations in the IFN pathway and/or the presence of anti-IFN antibodies. Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection showed a high variability across individuals and disease spectrum. Multiparametric algorithms showed variable diagnostic performances in predicting survival, hospitalisation, disease progression or severity, and mortality.ConclusionsSARS-CoV-2 infection affects both humoral and cellular immunity depending on both disease severity and individual parameters. This systematic literature review informed the EULAR ‘points to consider’ on COVID-19 pathophysiology and immunomodulatory therapies.

Cultural societies and information needs: Croats in New Zealand

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (8/9) ◽  
pp. 652-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Krtalić ◽  
Ivana Hebrang Grgić
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper was to explore how small immigrant communities in host countries collect, disseminate and present information about their home country and their community, and the role of formal societies and clubs in it. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents the results of a case study of the Croatian community in New Zealand. To illustrate how cultural and technological changes affected information dissemination and communication within the community, the case study presents both historical and current situations. Methods used in this case study included a content analysis of historical newspapers published in New Zealand by the Croatian community, content analysis of current webpages and social networking sites, and interviews with participants who have management roles in Croatian societies and communities in New Zealand. Data were collected from December 2018 to February 2019. Findings Formally established clubs and societies, but also informal groups of immigrants and their descendants can play a significant role in providing their members with information about the culture, social life and events of the home country. They also play a significant role in preserving part of the history and heritage which is relevant, not only for a specific community but also for the history and culture of a home country. Originality/value The methodology used in the research is based on data from community archives and can be used for studying other small immigrant communities in New Zealand or abroad. The case study presented in the paper illustrates how the information environment of small immigrant communities develops and changes over the years under the influence of diverse political, social and technological changes.

scholarly journals Exploring the microbiome in health and disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 239784731774188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Scotti ◽  
Stéphanie Boué ◽  
Giuseppe Lo Sasso ◽  
Filippo Zanetti ◽  
Vincenzo Belcastro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Dynamics And Function ◽  
And Function

The analysis of human microbiome is an exciting and rapidly expanding field of research. In the past decade, the biological relevance of the microbiome for human health has become evident. Microbiome comprises a complex collection of microorganisms, with their genes and metabolites, colonizing different body niches. It is now well known that the microbiome interacts with its host, assisting in the bioconversion of nutrients and detoxification, supporting immunity, protecting against pathogenic microbes, and maintaining health. Remarkable new findings showed that our microbiome not only primarily affects the health and function of the gastrointestinal tract but also has a strong influence on general body health through its close interaction with the nervous system and the lung. Therefore, a perfect and sensitive balanced interaction of microbes with the host is required for a healthy body. In fact, growing evidence suggests that the dynamics and function of the indigenous microbiota can be influenced by many factors, including genetics, diet, age, and toxicological agents like cigarette smoke, environmental contaminants, and drugs. The disruption of this balance, that is called dysbiosis, is associated with a plethora of diseases, including metabolic diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, periodontitis, skin diseases, and neurological disorders. The importance of the host microbiome for the human health has also led to the emergence of novel therapeutic approaches focused on the intentional manipulation of the microbiota, either by restoring missing functions or eliminating harmful roles. In the present review, we outline recent studies devoted to elucidate not only the role of microbiome in health conditions and the possible link with various types of diseases but also the influence of various toxicological factors on the microbial composition and function.

Review: Etnotaksonomi dan bioekologi tumbuhan pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-178
Author(s):  
Syafitri Hidayati ◽  
Ervizal A.M. Zuhud ◽  
Ivan Khofian Adiyaksa ◽  
Primadhika Al Manar
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
Eurycoma Longifolia ◽  
Economical Benefit ◽  
Eurycoma Longifolia Jack

Eurycoma longifolia (EL) is a species that have economical benefit as medicinal ingredients for human health. This species grows in tropical forest areas with high rainfall. Research on the ecology of EL has been done a lot, but research related to ethnotaxonomic, bioecology that includes morphology, ecology, and the association of EL with other plants hasn’t been done much. This study aim to analyze the bioecology of EL plant. The method is literature study, which is looking for literature on the results of research that has been carried out related to EL. The results showed that EL has long been known by the communities of Indonesia and other countries in Southeast Asia with several local names. This plant is also associated with other plants around where it grows, one of which is kempas (Koompassia malaccensis). Based on the results of literature review, research on natural regeneration of EL hasn’t been done much. Therefore, there is a need for research related to the natural regeneration of EL. In addition, it is necessary to conduct research related to the characteristics of the place to grow for optimal cultivation of EL. Thus, the preservation of EL in the future can be maintained.

Dust Control in Brick and Tile Production Enterprises

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 529-531
Author(s):  
Jing Bo Zhao ◽  
Li Bo Hao
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Dust Control ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Tile Production ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Brick And Tile ◽  
Equipment Wear ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Analysis of the causes of dust brick and tile production enterprises, from the impact on human health, the factory machinery and equipment wear, impact on environment protection, expounds the harmfulness of dust, and discusses the type, structure and function of the filter, as well as the precipitator combined use method and way to control dust.

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