A clinical and epidemiological study of hyperpigmentary disorder of face

Background: Facial pigmentary disorders are a group of heterogenous entities, sharing a common clinical feature of altered pigmentation of the face and thus easily visible cosmetic disfigurement. Although the increased melanin provides protection from harmful effects of UV radiation, including photodamage and skin cancers, it also makes darkly pigmented skin more vulnerable to post-inflammatory dyspigmentation. The importance of these disorders is growing, as they form the major percentage of dermatology consultations. The objective of the study was to assess the clinical profile of patients with facial hyperpigmentation.Methods: The present cross-sectional hospital based observational study was conducted at Dermatology Department of during the period of June 2017 to December 2017 including patients with diagnosis of facial hyperpigmentation. Data analysed with SPSS 24 version.Results: 29% were from 21 to 30 years age group followed by 25% from 31 to 40 years age group. Mean age of the study population was 28.4±11.8 years. 76% were female patients. Commonly observed facial hyperpigmentation type was melasma in our study i.e. 46%. It is followed by post inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) in 16% and ephilides in 8%. Rehl's melanosis and drug induced melanosis was seen in 7% each of the patients. Ephilides, Rehl's melanosis and drug induced was seen in 7% each of the patients. Family history of pigmentaory disorder was found in melasma, PIH and ephilides in our study.Conclusions: Commonly reported age group was 20-40 with female preponderance. Commonly observed facial hyperpigmentation type was melasma (46%), PIH (16%) and ephilides (8%).

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Clinico-epidemiological study of facial hyper-melanoses among patients attending dermatology outpatient department at a tertiary care hospital at Pondicherry

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20195673 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Chitralekhya Rao ◽

Oudeacoumar Paqurissamy ◽

Govardhan J. ◽

Varsha Medasani

Keyword(s):

Epidemiological Study ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Outpatient Department ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Total Study Population ◽

Medical College ◽

Pigmentary Disorders ◽

The Face ◽

Study Population

Background: Hypermelanoses involving predominantly the face and the neck is relatively common and often presents a complex diagnostic problem. The present study titled “Clinico-epidemiological study of facial hyperpigmentation” was done in the study population of 500 patients of facial pigmentation, attending the skin outpatient department in AarupadaiVeedu Medical College and Hospital from October 2015 to September 2017.Methods: Aim and objective of the study was to study various clinical patterns of facial pigmentation, their clinical characteristics, their association with other pigmentary disorders and to evaluate the different etiotogical and precipitating factors. A special proforma was prepared. Patients were thoroughly interviewed and examined to find out dermatological and systemic diseases and they were subjected to investigations to evaluate different etiological factors and diagnose the clinical type of facial pigmentation.Results: The present study showed a strong female preponderance. Among the total study population there were 55% cases of melasma, 20% cases of Riehls melanosis, 10% cases of periorbital pigmentation and 5% of miscellaneous causes.Conclusions: Facial pigmentation was commonly seen in the females. 21-30 years age group was the most commonly affected age group in all types of facial pigmentation. Melasma, Riehls melanosis and periorbital pigmentation were the most common clinical types of facial pigmentation observed.

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A clinical study of facial dermatoses

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20190052 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 40

Author(s):

Pradeep Vittal Bhagwat ◽

Mary Zothanpuii Chhangte ◽

Chandramohan Kudligi

Keyword(s):

Body Part ◽

Skin Condition ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Age Group ◽

Facial Skin ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pigmentary Disorders ◽

Group 12 ◽

The Face ◽

Tinea Faciei

Background: The attractiveness of the human body has always been an important issue in the fields of sociology, psychology, psychiatry and also in the field of dermatology. Because in most societies the face is usually a body part that is visible, imperfections of its skin is also visible, therefore its flawed appearance bears the potential to become a source of misery to some. The objective of the study was to study the various dermatological conditions affecting the face.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 patients with facial dermatoses during the period Dec-2014 to May-2016. Patients belonging to age group 12 years and above and both sexes were randomly selected and included in the study after taking their consent.Results: Out of the facial dermatoses, 75 patients had infections of the face comprising 37% of the total facial dermatoses with tinea faciei being the most common individual facial skin condition comprising 18%. Skin tumors and cysts and miscellaneous conditions of the face comprised 15% each of the total facial dermatoses. This was followed by contact dermatitis (9%), photodermatoses (8.5%), Rosacea in 5.5% of patients, Nevi in 5% of patients and pigmentary disorders being the least common facial dermatoses comprising 4.5%.Conclusions: It is worthwhile to take note of the special nature of facial skin and the disorders that affect it.

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Skull and Face Injuries and Associated Factors in Pedestrian Victims of Traffic Accidents: A Single Trauma Center Analysis

Current Dentistry ◽

10.2174/2542579x02999200608131337 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 53-59

Author(s):

Josimara A. de Araújo Varela ◽

Tatiana F.T. Palitot ◽

Smyrna L.X. de Souza ◽

Alidianne F.C. Cavalcanti ◽

Alessandro L. Cavalcanti

Keyword(s):

Medical Records ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Age Group ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

The Face ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

The City

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the presence of lesions in the skull and face and the associated factors in pedestrian victims of traffic accidents. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study carried out through the analysis of medical records of pedestrian victims of traffic accidents in an emergency service in the city of Campina Grande, Brazil, during the year of 2016. Information was collected regarding gender, age group, day of the week, time of the accident, type of vehicle involved, presence of trauma to the skull and face, and outcomes. The Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were used, with a significance level of 5%. Results: A total of 1,884 medical records were evaluated, out of which 7.1% (n = 133) involved pedestrians. Men were the most frequent victims (68.4%), and victims of age 60 years old or over (30.5%) predominated. Almost one-third of the cases were recorded during the weekends (30.5%), and the most prevalent time was at night (52.7%). Regarding the type of vehicle involved, motorcycles predominated (47.4%). Head trauma was present in 37.6% of victims, while facial injuries corresponded to 8.2%. In 12% of cases, the victims died. The variables of gender, age group, occurrence on weekends, and trauma to the face showed a statistically significant association with the occurrence of traffic accidents (Chi-square test; p<0.05). Conclusion: Among pedestrian victims of traffic accidents, there is a predominance of men aged 65 years or over. Accidents are frequent at night, and motorcycles are the main vehicles involved. The presence of trauma to the skull and face regions is high.

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Comparison of Prevalence of Periodontitis with Different Indices in Population of District Ghaziabad

Dental Journal of Advance Studies ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1672041 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 04 (01) ◽

pp. 023-030

Author(s):

Vimal Kumar ◽

Pallak Arora ◽

Manish Khatri ◽

Shivani Sharma ◽

Sumit Malhotra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Periodontal Disease ◽

Total Population ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sample Population ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multi Stage ◽

Younger Age ◽

Study Population

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of periodontal disease with different indices. Methods & materials: The study population consisted of multistage stratified random sample of 1300 subjects from total population of district Ghaziabad. A cross-sectional study was conducted with multi stage stratified random sampling techniques to select the sample population. The subjects were divided into different age groups and the periodontal assessment was made on the basis of CPITN index and ESI Index. Results: The CPITN has shown to estimate incorrect periodontal disease prevalence because of its underestimation of the disease severity. A huge difference was noticed in the prevalence rate of periodontitis when subjects were examined with ESI index. Conclusion Periodontal disease was found to be highly prevalent in the study population and severity of disease increased with age. More number of subjects in younger age group were found to be healthy.

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The Natural History of Incidental Colonic Diverticulosis on Screening Colonoscopy

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology ◽

10.1155/2018/3690202 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ala I. Sharara ◽

Nathalie Ziade ◽

Rani H. Shayto ◽

Luma Basma O. Rustom ◽

Hamed Chehab ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural History ◽

Acute Diverticulitis ◽

Screening Colonoscopy ◽

Colonic Diverticulosis ◽

Diverticular Bleeding ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Acute Case ◽

Probable Case ◽

History Of ◽

Study Population

Background. The natural history of colonic diverticulosis is unclear.Methods. Patients with incidental diverticulosis identified in a previous prospective cross-sectional screening colonoscopy study were evaluated retrospectively for clinic or hospital visit(s) for diverticular disease (DD= acute diverticulitis or diverticular bleeding) using review of electronic health records and patient phone interview.Results. 826 patients were included in the screening colonoscopy study. Three were excluded for prior DD. In all, 224 patients (27.2%; mean age 62.3 ± 8.2) had incidental diverticulosis distributed in the left colon (67.4%), right colon (5.8%), or both (22.8%). Up-to-date information was available on 194 patients. Of those, 144 (74.2%) could be reached for detailed interview and constituted the study population. Over a mean follow-up of 7.0 ± 1.7 years, DD developed in 6 out of 144 patients (4.2%) (4 acute cases of diverticulitis, 1 probable case of diverticular bleeding, and 1 acute case of diverticulitis and diverticular bleeding). Two patients were hospitalized, and none required surgery. The time to event was 5.1 ± 1.6 years and the incidence rate was 5.9 per 1000 patient-years. On multivariate analysis, none of the variables collected at baseline colonoscopy including age, gender, obesity, exercise, fiber intake, alcohol use, constipation, or use of NSAIDs were associated with DD.Conclusion. The natural history of incidental diverticulosis on screening colonoscopy was highly favorable in this well-defined prospectively identified cohort. The common scenario of incidental diverticulosis at screening colonoscopy makes this information clinically relevant and valuable to physicians and patients alike.

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Helicobacter pylori infection and its correlates among the patients of peptic perforation and gastric carcinoma

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20201862 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 1518

Author(s):

Subhendu Bikas Saha ◽

Sabyasachi Bakshi ◽

Tapas Mandal

Keyword(s):

Gastric Carcinoma ◽

High Frequency ◽

Age Group ◽

Morbid Condition ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Chronic Alcoholic ◽

Female Ratio ◽

History Of ◽

Study Population ◽

H Pylori

Background: Presence of H. pylori infection was found associated with peptic perforation and gastric carcinoma. Present study tried to estimate the prevalence of H. pylori infection in those patients and to find out the correlates of H. pylori infection.Methods: After matching the inclusion and exclusion criteria, all cases of diagnosed peptic perforation and gastric carcinoma were taken for this prospective, single center, observational study.Results: Among the study population, gastric carcinoma was found in higher age group; whereas peptic perforation was found in lower age group; male and female ratio was 2:1 in both groups of patient. Laborer and housewives were mostly affected in both cases. Gastric carcinoma was more prevalent in urban residents, opposite was seen in peptic perforation. Most patients in two groups had no previous co-morbid condition. Use of NSAIDs was found in high frequency in both groups. Most of the patients were chronic alcoholic and chronic smoker, and most of them had history of taking spicy foods more than twice in a week.Conclusions: H. pylori infection was found in high frequency in both group of patients, and it was higher in peptic perforation. The study establishes the association of H. pylori with the gastric carcinoma and peptic perforation.

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Study of prevalence of osteoporosis in males of above 40 years age group attending SMS Hospital, Jaipur

International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20172883 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 837

Author(s):

Parwez Qureshi ◽

R. C. Meena ◽

Jakir Husain ◽

Gaurav Deshwar ◽

Vineet Maheshwari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Good Control ◽

Age Group ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

T Score ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Study Population ◽

Prevalence Of Osteoporosis

Background: Whenever osteoporosis is discussed, the focus is on women; men are far less likely to receive a diagnosis of osteoporosis or osteoporotic fracture because of considerable gaps in knowledge on male osteoporosis. The aim and objectives were to study the prevalence of osteoporosis in males of above 40 year age group attending SMS Hospital Jaipur & to explore the influence of various modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors on BMD.Methods: Study Location: SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur. Study design: Hospital based cross sectional study. Study period: April 2015 to December 2016. Sample Size: 200. Work up: After taking ethical clearance and informed verbal consent, demographic and clinical details were noted along with S- calcium, Vitamin D and bone mineral density assessment. Osteoporosis was defined as T score ≤−2.5 bone mass −1 to −2.5 and normal as >−1. Data thus collected was analysed with help of SPSS 22.0 through frequency, percentages, Mean, SD and ANOVA.Results: Prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in the study population was 28.5% and 11.5%. Age wise maximum prevalence was in the age group 71-80 years (31.81%). Prevalence of osteoporosis was more among Muslim community 20.83%, more in low socio economic group (BPL). T score of study population was -0.3705±1.41. The mean BMI, S-Calcium, Vitamin D levels and T score values among osteopenic and osteoporotic patients were statistically highly significant when compared to patients without osteo-penic/porotic changes (p<0.05).Conclusions: Osteoporosis is a silent killer and prevention is better than cure as prevention requires simple steps such as good dietary habits, active life style, good control of systemic disorders, reduced intake of tobacco and alcohol.

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PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN ADULT POPULATION OF HAYATABAD PESHAWAR

Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat ◽

10.52206/jsmc.2015.5.1.644-647 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 644-647

Author(s):

SARA GUL ◽

ATIF HUSSAIN ◽

KASHIF UR REHMAN KHALIL ◽

IMRANULLAH ◽

MUHAMMAD ISHTIAQ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Communicable Disease ◽

Adult Population ◽

Positive Association ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Results ◽

History Of ◽

Study Population

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the common non communicable disease and is reported to beprevalent in 20% to 50% of the adult population, hypertension is one of the major contributor ofmortality and morbidity in developing and developed countries. The cross-sectional descriptive studywas formulated to find the prevalence and to assess different etiological factors of hypertension.MATERIAL & METHODS: This cross-sectional study among 400 adults of age 25-75 years wasconducted in months of June to December 2014 in Phase 5, Hayatabad Peshawar. A detailed structuredproforma having important questions was used to collect important data regarding various variables.RESULTS: Our study results showed that 22.75% of the study people were hypertensive i.e. 10.25% ofmales and 12.5% of females; and the prevalence of hypertension showed positive association withadvancing age. Out of all respondents; 60.25% were males while 39.75% were females; 28.5% weresmokers; 5.25% consume predominantly meat; 32.5% were obese & overweight; 36.75% checked theirB.P regularly; and 19.75% had positive history of hypertension in family.CONCLUSION: We conclude that hypertension prevalence was high among our study population andwas associated with various modifiable and non modifiable risk factors thus population based preventivestrategies are needed to control and prevent hypertension.KEY WORDS: Hypertension, Age, Diet, Smokers, Hayatabad, Peshawar.

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Perception of health status and quality of life of people living with HIV in Patan city, Gujarat, India: a cross sectional study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20171338 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 1137

Author(s):

Grishma T. Dixit ◽

Nilesh Thakor ◽

Mihir Goswami ◽

P. B. Verma

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Perceived Satisfaction ◽

Study Population ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Perception Of Health

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus is the biggest threat to the mankind today from their health perspective. To know the perception of health status and quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS.Methods: This cross sectional study was undertaken during March 2015 to April 2016 at Patan city. After taking permission from NGO and Gujarat State AIDS Control Society (GSACS) total 100 purposively selected People living with HIV (PLHIV) attached to the NGO of Patan city were interviewed using predesigned semi-structured performa. Written informed consent was taken from all PLHIV. Ethical approval was obtained from institutional ethical committee for human research. Data safety and confidentiality was also given due consideration. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software (trial version). Results: Age of study population ranges from 18 to 68 years. Mean age of study population is 34.21 + 9.1 years. Maximum number of PLHIV, 51 % are in the age group of 31-40 years age group. Out of total, 76 have perception of being healthy .Out of total, 61 % PLHIV have faced stigma. Out of total,92% were enjoying life, 74% perceived good quality of life, 95% perceived safe in life, 96% perceived satisfaction with health services, 84% perceived satisfaction with their day to day work capability and only 8% perceived fear about their future life. Conclusions: Positive attitude towards life and health was observed in People Living with HIV.

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CONSANGUINITY AND MATERNAL AGE;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.04.1458 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (04) ◽

pp. 511-515

Author(s):

Nayyab Zehra ◽

Ahmed Hassaan Malik ◽

Zahabia Khalid ◽

Misha Sabir ◽

Simra Tanvir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Maternal Age ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Military Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Spontaneous Abortions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of

Objectives: To determine the frequency of risk factors i.e. consanguinity andmaternal age associated with spontaneous abortions in Pakistan and to propose ways toreduce them. Study design: Cross sectional descriptive study. Place of study: Gynecologydepartment of Military Hospital and Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi. Duration ofstudy: 6 months (September 2015 to February 2016). Sampling technique: Non probabilityconvenient sampling. Methodology: 150 married female patients in reproductive age group(15-49 years), who were confirmed cases of pregnancy and presented with abortions, wereinterviewed and responses were filled in a structured questionnaire after written consent.The collected data was then entered and analyzed by SPSS 20.0. Results: The major bulkof spontaneous abortions occurred in the maternal age group of 25-35 years (55.3%). A totalof 53.3% of abortions occurred in the gestational age of less than 12 weeks. Around 54.7% offemales had family history of spontaneous abortions and 65.3% had consanguineous marriage.Conclusion: Spontaneous abortions occur more frequently in the females of 25-35 yearsage group and among the fetuses with gestational age less than 12 weeks (1st trimester ofpregnancy). Family history of spontaneous abortions and consanguinity are associated withspontaneous abortions.

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