scholarly journals Clinical patterns and epidemiological characteristics of dermatophyte infection in Malwa region of Punjab

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Anu Gupta ◽  
Alisha . ◽  
Ramgopal Saini ◽  
Sandeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Dermatophyte Infection ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Although dermatophytes are found throughout the world, the most prevalent strains and the most common sites of infection vary by region. Hot, humid climates and overcrowding predispose populations to skin diseases; including tinea infections. This study highlights the clinical pattern and epidemiological characteristics of dermatophyte infection in the Malwa region of Punjab.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross sectional prospective study was carried out over a period of two years depending on pre-structured questionnaire on a total of 272 patients clinically suspected cases with dermatophyte infection. Socio-demographic and clinical information was collected and sample was taken. The collected samples were subjected to direct microscopy with potassium hydroxide and cultured on Sabourauds dextrose agar to identify the fungal species</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 272 patients were included in the study in which 147 were males and 125 were females. Occupation wise housewives were the most affected group constituting 114 cases. <em>Tinea corporis</em> was the most common type found in 159 cases and<em> Trichophyton mentagrophytes </em>was the most common isolated fungi. Maximum number of dermatophyte cases was in the age group of 21-30 years with 69 cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In current research we observed that hot and humid environment of Malwa region of Punjab increases the prevalence of fungal infection especially in the month of June to September and the occupation of people also plays an important role in prevalence of infection. We also observed that dermatophyte fungal infection is more common in adult males as compare to females.</p>

scholarly journals Socio-demographic Profile and Morbidity Pattern among Population in selected Upazila Health Complex, Dhaka

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Sultana Begum ◽  
Meheruba Afrin ◽  
Afsana Sharmin ◽  
Ayesha Ferdaus Jesun ◽  
Anysar Rahman Hemal
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted to reveal the morbidity pattern in the Medicine Outpatient Department of in Upazila Health Complex, Keranigonj, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from 1st December to 15th December 2019 with a sample size of 150 using interviewer administered semi -structured questionnaire employing purposive sampling technique. The study shows that about one third (32%) of the respondents belonged to the age group 16 to 30 years and only 3% were from age group 75 years and above, 55% of them were female, 95% were Muslim and 63% were married; 54.67% lived in semi paccha house and about 84% were literate. Regarding occupation, one third of the respondents were businessmen (33%) followed by services (26%); 76% of the respondents had monthly income more than 10,000 BDT. The study revealed that 97.33% of the respondents were suffering from illness due to diseases and among them 90% have investigation reports. It was found that loose motion (21%), fever (20%), abdominal pain (19.33%), cough (9%) and chest pain (7%) were the predominant complaints. Study showed gastroenteritis (20%), respiratory tract infections (16%), bronchial asthma (12%), and skin diseases (2%) were the illness diagnosed. Most (96.66%) of the respondents were satisfied with the service provided. The study findings highlights that most of the diseases are the preventable and chronic diseases and the service providers should prepare themselves understanding the needs and gaps to serve the community in appropriate manner.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Risk Factors for Symptomatic Dry Eye in Adults in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-282
Author(s):  
Anas Abdulaziz Almujalli ◽  
Abdulaziz Abdullah Almatrafi ◽  
Anas Abdullah Aldael ◽  
Talal Waleed Aljudi ◽  
Bahaa-Eldin Hasan Abdulhalim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Objectives: The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of symptomatic suspected dry eye, diagnosed dry eye syndrome (DES), and associated risk factors; in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 654 participants was employed using a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire that included demographic characteristics like age, gender, and risk factors (smoking, using contact lenses, chronic comorbidities, etc.). Results: There were 266 (40.7%) previously diagnosed DES participants and 388 (59.3%) non-diagnosed DES, of which 497 were female and 157 were male. Females had a significantly higher rate of diagnosed DES than males (p<0.001), with a significant increase in the rate of DES diagnosis with age (p<0.001). There was also a significant increase in DES in participants with diabetes mellitus, allergic eye, thyroid eye, and skin diseases, as well as having undergone laser surgery or using contact lenses. There was no significant increase in DES in cases of smoking, daily use of electronic devices, or duration of sleep. Conclusion: The prevalence of dry eye among adults in Riyadh was 46.6%, with the most important risk factors being female gender, increasing age, Lasik refractive surgery, skin disease around the eye, and thyroid eye disease.

KEJADIAN INFEKSI Trichophyton mentagrophytes TERKAIT PERSONAL HYGIENE ANTARA NELAYAN DENGAN PENGOLAH IKAN RUMAHAN DI WILAYAH PESISIR KOTA BENGKULU

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Dessy Triana ◽  
Azmi Nawaliya ◽  
Besly Sinuhaji
Keyword(s):  
Tinea Pedis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Significant Difference

Dermatofitosis adalah penyakit pada kulit yang disebabkan oleh golongan jamur dermatofita. Trichophyton mentagrophytes adalah penyebab dermatofitosis yang paling sering ditemukan di wilayah pesisir dan di negara tropis dengan tingkat higienitas yang rendah, seperti nelayan dan pengolah ikan rumahan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis prevalensi kejadian infeksi jamur Trichophyton mentagrophytes terkait personal hygiene antara nelayan dan pengolah ikan rumahan di wilayah pesisir Kelurahan Sumber Jaya Kecamatan Kampung Melayu Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian analisis laboratorium dengan rancangan penelitian cross-sectional study. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 62 orang nelayan dan 62 orang pengolah ikan rumahan. Teknik pengambilan sampel penelitian menggunakan consecutive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini  menunjukkan bahwa 71,4% kejadian dermatofitosis terbanyak adalah tinea pedis dengan 5,6% teridentifikasi sebagai Trichophyton mentagrophytes dan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan prevalensi kejadian infeksi jamur Trichophyton mentagrophytes antara nelayan dengan pengolah ikan rumahan (p=0,689). Angka kejadian tinea pedis yang tinggi harus senantiasa dilakukan edukasi untuk perbaikan kebiasaan hidup yang berdampak kepada peningkatan kualitas hidup para nelayan dan pengolah ikan rumahan.    Dermatophytosis is a skin disease caused by dermatophytic fungi. Trichophyton mentagrophytes (T. mentagrophytes) is a fungal species that is most often found in coastal areas because this species can last long on the sand beach and can causes dermatophytosis, especially for fishermen and home-based fish butchers. The research aimed to analyze the prevalence of Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection related to personal hygiene between fishermen and home-based fish butchers. The research sampling technique was used Consecutive Sampling. The research samples were 62 fishermen and 62 home-based fish butchers in the coastal areas of Sumber Jaya Village, Kampung Melayu District, Bengkulu City. The result showed 71,4% of the most prevalent dermatophytosis cases were tinea pedis with 5,6% identified as T. mentagrophytes. There was no significant difference between fishermen and home-based fish butchers in the prevalence of Trichophyton mentagrophytes infections (P=0,689). The high incidence of tinea pedis should be educated to improve living habits that have an impact o improving the quality of life of fishermen and home-based butchers.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of COVID-19 in older persons, Wuhan, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Guo ◽  
Xinghua Liu ◽  
Mengyao Deng ◽  
Pulin Liu ◽  
Fang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Patients ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Background the epidemiological characteristics of older patients with COVID-19 was far from clear. Objective to explore the epidemiology of older patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. Design a retrospective cross-sectional study. Setting a population-based study. Subjects the resident older patients (&gt;65 years) diagnosed with COVID-19. Methods city-wide case series reported to Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 12 December 2019 to 17 March 2020 were included. The epidemic curves were constructed by dates of disease onset. Results 14,238 confirmed COVID-19 cases were older persons. The number of male cases were slightly less than female cases (1:1.01). The attack rate of COVID-19 in the older persons was 11.49‰ in Wuhan. There was a rapid increase of disease at the early stage of the epidemic and then a gradual and steady decrease was performed. 3,723 (26.15%) and 734 (5.16%) patients were diagnosed as severe and critical cases, respectively. The attributable crude fatality ratio of COVID-19 in the older population was 222.57/100,000, and the crude fatality ratio of COVID was 19.37%. The proportion of severe and critical cases, and fatality ratio were both higher in downtown area and increased with age. Conclusions the older persons are sensitive to COVID-19. The proportion of severe and critical cases and fatality ratio are higher than that in children and younger adults. Strengthen the protection and control strategies for the older adults are of priorities. More detailed epidemiological and clinical information should be measured in further studies.

scholarly journals Trend Analysis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Incidence in Izeh County During 2014-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
Marziyeh Ahmadi Mirqhaed ◽  
Maryam Dastoorpoor ◽  
Abdolamir Behbahani
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Background: A cutaneous form of leishmaniasis (cutaneous leishmaniasis, CL) is becoming increasingly common, and this study was conducted to investigate the epidemiological features of CL in the county of Izeh in Khuzestan province. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional research was performed during 2014- 2019. Basic demographic and clinical information was gathered from patients with CL referring to Izeh health centre and then processed using SPSS software, version 25.0. Results: Overall, data related to 131 patients were recorded from 2014 to 2019. The incidence of CL showed a decrease from 16.207 to 5.028 per 100000 individuals in Izeh. Based on the analysis of CL incidence in Izeh county, a statistically significant difference was observed through the mentioned six-year study (P<0.05). Male patients with a frequency rate of 65.6% demonstrated a statistically significant association in the CL and the type of gender compared to 34.4% of females (P<0.05). The age group of 20-29 years old (32.1%) had a higher frequency of CL in the age groups. Finally, there was a statistically considerable discrepancy in the frequencies of infected people with CL related to age groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the findings and other epidemiological characteristics, Izeh does not seem to be an endemic focus of CL. Nonetheless, it is a concerning situation, and proper preparation is strongly advised for disease control and prevention.

STUDY OF PEDIATRIC INJURIES: PATTERNS AND OUTCOME

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasir. B. Elshambaty
Keyword(s):  
School Level ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Injured Child ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pediatric Injuries ◽  
Pediatric Injury ◽  
The Common ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Purpose this study aims to show the patterns and outcome of pediatric injury among those living in Albaha region in Saudi Arabia Methods this is a cross-sectional descriptive household-based study, included children between 0-17 years old both male and female. The data were collected with structured questionnaire between 20 Nov – 20 Dec 2018 and  analyzed with SPSS version 25 Results the total of participants was 257 injured child. 199(77.4%) are male and 58(22.6%) are female. About 44%of them were injured at pre-school level and 56% were traumatized at school age. The least incidence of injury occurred in those less than 2 yrs and higher incidence in those between 3-10 yrs old. The most common mechanism of injury was falling from height. The most affected group age by RTA accidents was 11-17 yrs old. Approximately 83% of the injured children required hospital management. Only one third of the injuries were  associated complications. The most common injured anatomic part was the upper limb and the least affected part was the spine. Only 5% of the injuries were associated with a disability and the common was loss of organ or part of it. Paralysis occurred in less than 1% and head injury resulted in disabilities more than 1%. Conclusion the vast majority of the injuries in our participants are not serious. The severe injuries were associated with RTA-related trauma. Most of injuries due to falling from height are not serious. We recommend not to allow the children to drive cars. Keywords: pediatric injuries; injury patterns; household.

ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE OF FIRST AID, AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS, AMONG KINDERGARTEN TEACHERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amsalu Birara Melese ◽  
Alemtsehay Alemu Tesema ◽  
Amare Simegn
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Kindergarten Teachers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Question ◽  
First Aid Training ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Good Attitude

Abstract Background: Injuries are very common now a day and can occur at any point of time in a day to day life. Among them, injuries in school children rank a major part. The objective of this research to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice towards first aid and factors associated among kindergarten teachers. Methods: Institutions based cross-sectional quantitative study design was employed. The study was conducted in Bahir dar town, Amhara region, Ethiopia from March to May 2017. A Pre-tested and structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Binary and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the separate and confounding effect for variables. Result: A total of 173 respondents were interviewed with a response rate of 93%. From the total respondents 97 (56.1%) scored above mean for knowledge question, In particular, subjects lacked knowledge regarding first aid for Human/animal bite (60.1%) was not answered correctly. Regarding practice out of all respondents, 128(74%) had faced the child in need of first aid. About attitude, all respondents (100%) felt good attitude towards giving and learning first aid. Service year (AOR=8.6, 95%CI0.035-0.399) and previous first aid training (AOR=2.5, 95%CI 1.138-5.570) were found to have a significant association with knowledge of first aid. Conclusion: The knowledge of kindergarten teachers towards first aid were found to be low while they have the good attitude towards giving first aid and receiving training on first aid. It remains necessary to increase their actual first aid knowledge and skills.  

Services Provided for Lactating Mothers at Lactation Management Clinic in Selected Tertiary Level Hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Tarannum Tasnim ◽  
ANM Shamsul Islam ◽  
Mehedi Hasan Azad ◽  
Farhana Sharmin
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breast Milk Production ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Children are the precious gift from the Almightily Allah and breast milk is an ideal product given to the human being by nature to fulfill all requirements of the offspring until they are matured enough to take adult food. Objective: To assess the services provided for lactating mothers at lactation management centre in selected tertiary level hospitals. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 100 Lactating mothers who were selected conveniently and were interviewed by pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and an observational checklist. Collected data were processed and analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Packages for Social Science) software. Results: Lactation management centre (LMC) is supervised by a consultant and separate room is allotted in both out-patient and in-patient departments. Mothers came with lactation problems were more likely in the first month of the baby (73%) and feeling of not enough milk production was common (49%).Highly significant relationship was found between breast problems of lactating mother and age of child (p<0.001). About 84% respondents received practical demonstration on position and attachment of the baby during lactation. About 91% respondents got dietary advice for enough breast milk production, 75% got dietary advice regarding their child’s weaning food chart and69% got health education. Maximum mothers were informed about LMC by doctor & nurse (82%). Conclusion: Information about LMC services should be disseminated across the country. Lactating mothers should be familiarized with LMC and public awareness should be enhanced for effective management of breastfeeding problem to promote, protect and support the breastfeeding. JOPSOM 2019; 38(2): 68-73

Awareness of the preventive measures against Covid -19 spread among small shop owners

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1144-1150
Author(s):  
Muralidharan V A ◽  
Gheena S
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Small Shop ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Covid -19 is an infectious disease caused by the newly discovered strain of coronavirus. As there is no vaccine discovered, the only way to prevent the spread is through following the practice of social isolation. But prolonged isolation may also lead to psychological stress and problems. The objective of the survey was to assess the knowledge and awareness of preventive measures against Covid 19 amongst small shop owners. A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted amongst the small shop owners.  A structured questionnaire comprising 15-17 questions had been put forth to assess the Covid 19 related knowledge and perception. The shopkeepers were contacted telephonically and responses recorded. The data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS statistics. Although the majority of the population had a positive perception about the preventive measures against the Covid spread, 36% of the shopkeepers were not aware of the preventive measures against the Covid spread. This study found optimal knowledge and perception of the preventive measures against Covid spread among the shopkeepers but misinformation and misunderstanding still prevailing. The shopkeepers are crucial in the prevention of the spread of Covid 19 and educating them might aid us in the fight against Covid- 19. 

Access of Key Population to Available HIV and TB Services in Nepal: A Cross Section Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
B.B. Subba ◽  
N. Rimal ◽  
B.M. Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
General Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Key Population ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Introduction: TB is considered one of the opportunistic infection among PLHIV. The increasing burden of HIV/TB co-infection among key population cause problem to maintain adherence to ART and DOTS services. The emergence of MDR-TB is one of the greatest challenge to control and management of both diseases. However, having knowledge and information of both diseases are important role to access the available HIV/TB services. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among key population who had HIV/TB co-infection in two-epidemic zone of Nepal. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. ANOVA test was done to analyze the collected data by using SPSS version 20.0. Results: A total of 343 HIV/TB co-infected individuals were enrolled to the study. Most of participants were from ART and DOTS clients. Therefore, the study found that there was significance difference found between knowledge about TB (F=4.400, p= 0.005), causative agent of TB (F=3.160, p=0.025), risk of TB illness among PLHIV (F=8.491, p=0.001) and among key affected population. Moreover, there was significance difference found between access to OI treatment (F=5.113, p=0.002) and access to viral load (F=4.642, p=0.003) among key study population. In gender perspective, there was no significance difference to use and access to available HIV/TB services. Conclusion: The general knowledge on HIV/TB co-infection was significant association with key population. The knowledge on HIV/TB and access to NGOs’ help can significant effect to access the available HIV and TB services.

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