scholarly journals Association of Dietary Practices and Dental caries among adolescent in Lahore: A cross sectional survey

Author(s):  
Faiz Rasul ◽  
Shamta Sufia ◽  
Asrar Ahmad ◽  
Rashid Javaid Bhatti ◽  
Muhammad Farooq E Azam ◽  
...  

Objective: This study was designed to determine the prevalence of dental caries (DMFT) in 15 years age children and to determine its association with dietary practices. Methodology: This study was conducted in the schools of Lahore having summer camp in July 2015. Study participants were 15 years old students attending summer camp by simple random technique. Written permission was taken before their examination and interview. Self-structure questionnaire was used to collect information regarding the dietary practices. DMFT index was used to measure dental caries. Data entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Data was assessed by percentage and frequency, descriptive part was used for demographic variables, and for dietary habits. Chi square test of association between dietary practices and dental caries was applied. P-value ≤0.05 was taken as significant. Results Total participants were sixty (n=60). Out of these 80% of the subjects of the study were males and remaining were females. Total 58.3% respondents were caries free in this study while caries positive were 41.7 %. Average DMFT score examined was 1.2. In Logistic Regression for the Prediction of Caries Status on Basis of Dietary Habits, three variables were usage of toffees, chocolates and sandwiches. These three played most important role in the production of caries status. Final regression model for calculating probability was Z= -10.665+1.479 Toffees+ 1.183 Chocolates+1.582Sandwiches. Conclusion: Findings of this study have shown that some of the dietary habits have significant relation with caries or tooth decay status like chewing gum, candies, soft drinks, sweets, toffees, chocolates and sandwiches have strong negative impact or relationship with teeth decay.  

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Bangun Dwi Hardika

Health is the most important thing in people life, physically and mentally. Besides body�s health in general teeth and mouth health also must get special attention, because teeth and mouth health affects body�s health. Dental caries is a pathological process that occurs because of the interaction of factors inside and outside factors such as behavioral factors, knowledge and attitudes toward maintenance of teeth and mouth. The research aimed to understand the relationship between knowledge and attitude of grade V students of 131 elementary school Palembang toward the teeth caries. The method used in this research is analitical method by using cross sectional design, taking samples technique by using total population way and the samples are 167 student of grade V. From The result of this study it was know that, 33.5% of children who have a low knowledge, 43.1% of children have negative attitudes and 59.3% of children experienced dental caries. From Chi square test results showed no relationship between knowledge of children with dental caries with p value of 0.036; there is a correlation between the attitudes of children with dental ceries with p value, 0.000. In order to decrease the number of teeth caries among students, it is hoped that school make a school teeth health unit (UKGS) and some mediators and teachers need to make a teeth health socialization so that the students can get more knowledge about teeth and mout health. Key word: Knowledge, Attitude, and Teeth Caries


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur-E- Alam ◽  
Md Shariful Islam ◽  
Umme Suriea ◽  
Ramisa Binti Mohiuddin ◽  
Md. Muzahidul Islam ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Thalassemia is one of the most common life-threatening yet preventable congenital hemoglobin disorders especially in South Asian regions like Bangladesh. It has become a rising public health concern for Bangladesh as 6-12% of the population are carriers and many of them are unaware of it. The purpose of the study is to inspect the knowledge and attitude towards thalassemia among the general people of Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in eight administrative regions of Bangladesh between January and October of 2020. A self-administrative close-ended questionnaire was designed to collect information about thalassemia and socio-demographic characteristics. Pearson’s chi-square (χ2) test and One-way ANOVA were performed to assess the association between the demographic variables with knowledge and practice regarding thalassemia. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant.Results: Of the 1623 participants, only 44.7% (726/1623) had heard of thalassemia. The mean knowledge of thalassemia was scored 4.75 ± 2.05 out of a total possible score of 10. Half of the participants had no idea that thalassemia was not a transfusion transmitted disease. About 73.1% knew that blood tests are a diagnosis process to determine thalassemia. The urban residing participants had the highest (5.10 ± 1.99) and participants with primary education had the lowest (3.38 ± 1.37) mean score of knowledge. Participants' knowledge score varied significantly by marital status, living pace, literacy and occupation (p< 0.05). However, about 68.2% and 85.5% of the participants showed a positive attitude towards premarital screening of themselves or their family members and donating blood to thalassemia patients, respectively. Conclusion: The study shows that there is a need to disseminate the information on thalassemia since the knowledge gap is huge among people. These findings will assist the implementation of significant steps such as educational programs, health counseling, premarital screening, campaigning, etc. to increase the awareness of thalassemia.


Author(s):  
Dwi Retnaningsih ◽  
Rani Arinti

Background: Teeth and mouth are important parts that must be kept clean, because through these organs various germs can enter. In general, dental and oral hygiene was very important for the health and well-being of the human body because it can affect the function of mastication, speech and confidence.1 Dental caries was an infectious disease that damages tooth structure and can cause cavities. Children age under 12 years old who suffer from dental and oral diseases can be affect with student achievement in school. A preliminary study conducted at SDN 2 Ngabean was 7 out of 10 children with dental caries marked with cavities, accumulating plaque and black teeth.Methods: Quantitative research with Cross Sectional study design. The population in this study were all students of grade 4 and 5 SD Negeri 2 Ngabean Boja District Kendal District in the academic at June 2017 amounted to 80 students. Statistical test using Chi Square. Iinstrument used in this study was a questionnaire of 14 questions submitted to respondents using Likert scale type. The statistical test used was chi square nonparametric correlation because independent and dependent variables use ordinal and nominal scale.Results: Results of research obtained from 80 respondents in school-age children in SD Negeri 2 Ngabean showed that of respondents students who experience dental caries as many as 48 students (60.0%), while students who did not experience dental caries as many as 32 students (40.0%). Based on the result of chi square test it can be seen that p value = 0.000 (p value <α) or 0.000 <0.05 then Ho was rejected, and Ha accepted.Conclusions: There was a correlation of tooth brushing habit with the dental caries incidence of school age children at the elementary school state Ngabean 2 Boja District, Kendal Regency.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (Khusus) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Helena Pangaribuan ◽  
Dg. Mangemba ◽  
Musaidah Musaidah ◽  
Imelda Appulembang

Stunting is a global problem faced by the world and often occurs in children aged 3 – 5 years. The negative impact that will be caused by stunting in the 3-5 year age period in the long term is the disruption of children's psychosocial and motoric development. This study aims to see the relationship between motor and psychosocial development with stunting in preschool children (3 – 5 years) at the Baluse Health Center, Sigi Regency. The research design used was a cross-sectional study that assessed the relationship between motor and psychosocial development and stunting in preschool children (aged 3 – 5 years). The population used in this study were all preschool children (aged 3 – 5 years) with stunting in the Puskemas Baluse. The number of samples was 25 respondents who met the criteria for the research sample. The research was carried out at the Baluse Health Center, Sigi Regency from October 5 to 20, 2020. The research instrument used a questionnaire to measure the motoric and psychosocial development of children, while the measurement of stunting used microtoise and children's scales. The closeness and strength of the relationship between the two variables in this study used the Chi-Square statistical test. The results showed that most of the motor and psychosocial developments were in the abnormal category. The test of the relationship between motor and psychosocial development and stunting was carried out using the Chi-Square statistical test. The results showed that the P-value = 0.016 is smaller than the alpha value of 0.05, this indicates that stunting has a significant relationship with the motoric and psychosocial development of children. This study concludes that stunting has a relationship with motor and psychosocial development of children aged 3 – 5 years. Stunting children mostly have an abnormal motor and psychosocial development.


Author(s):  
Paul N. Onulaka

Audit expectation gap is a phenomenon that presently attracts the attention of researchers all over the world. The basic problem is in the area of how the public perceives the role of the auditor, which in most cases centers on the prevention of fraud and irregularities. On the other hand the auditor and the auditing profession always exonerate themselves from the fact and perception of the public towards their work. However, the continued litigation against the auditor and the auditing profession has called on a rethink on the relationship of the auditor and the audit work he performs This paper is structured to briefly establish what auditing and its expectations gap is and the relationship audited financial statement has on capital market and to investigate if the identified gaps have any significant effect in the volume of transactions in the Nigerian capital market.It sought to establish the perception of the capital market operators on its existence. Respondents view was also sought on how the gap could be narrowed. Chi-square (χ2) was used to analyze the data obtained from the study. The data were obtained through questionnaire. Two hundred and ninety (290) copies of the instrument were found useful out of 350 copies distributed using purposive sampling technique. In this study, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in Lagos and Abuja stock Exchange to capture the perceptions of key users of financial statements in Nigerian capital market. The tests of hypothesis were done using Microsoft Excel 2010 version. Tests were carried out at a significant level of 5% and twelve degree of freedom. The findings of the study indicated that there is a wide expectation gap in the areas of auditors’ responsibility for fraud prevention and detection. Audit expectation gap has negative impact on the volume of transactions in Nigerian stock exchange.


Author(s):  
Jessly Daniel ◽  
A. Jothi Priya ◽  
R. Gayatri Devi

Introduction: Postpartum depression (PPD) is the most common psychiatric condition after childbirth. PD has adverse long-term consequences for the mother, the infant’s development and the family environment symptoms-the core symptom of sadness or low mood, as well as fatigue/sleep disturbance and irritability. The aim of the study is to determine the Knowledge and awareness about postpartum distress among the students of saveetha dental college. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the study population with a sample size of 100. A self administered structured questionnaire was prepared and consisted of 15 questions. It was circulated to participants through an online platform (google form). The statistics were done using SPSS software, chi-square test was used to check the association and P value of 0.05 was said to be statistically significant.The pros of the survey is that the students of different lifestyles and cultures were surveyed . Children and adults were excluded from the survey.  Simple random sampling method was the sampling method used to minimise the sampling bias. Results: Women during postpartum go through a lot of hormonal changes which lead to mood swings etc.They become very self conscious about their body .Mothers can also be depressed due to financial trouble, lactation etc.  Chi square test: p-value=2.98>  0.05 hence significant. Conclusion: In summary, this study demonstrated an honest level of data and positive attitudes towards women with postpartum depression. However, negative beliefs, stigma, and misconceptions still prevailed among the relations.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-339
Author(s):  
Riska Wandini ◽  
Yuniati Yuniati

Caries prevalence and risk factors among children aged 4 to 6 years old in Bandar Lampung-IndonesiaBackground: Dental caries are still a matter of oral health in large industrialized countries , which affects 60-90% of the school children and most adults.Dental caries can be experienced by everyone and can arise on one or more dental surfaces.For example, from email to dentin or to Pulpa. Caries are due to various reasons, including are carbohydrates, microorganisms and saliva, tooth shape surfaces. Based on data by interviewed at the time were conducted on 20 Students at kindergarten Kuntum Mekar and Setia  Bandar Lampung obtained of 14 (70%) They have a cariogenic food intake during the day and had the poorest teeth brushing habits, characterized by dental caries of 7 (30%).Purpose: Knowing caries prevalence and risk factors among children aged 4 to 6 years old in Bandar Lampung-IndonesiaMethods: A quantitative research type (analytic), with cross sectional approach and population was all children at Kuntum Mekar and Setia kindergarten in Bandar Lampung. By formula Slovin got sample number of 80 students. Data analysis Used the chi-square statistical test.Result: Finding the frequency of consumption of high cariogenic foods As many as of 72 respondents (86%), had a poorest tooth brushing habits,  of 60 respondents (75%), and had a dental caries as many as of 63 respondents (83.8%), with the p-value = 0.022 and 0.002; OR: 5,357 and OR: 7,333.Conclusion: There is a correlation the factors cariogenic food intake during the day and had the poorest tooth brushing habits with dental caries occurance.Suggestions: To be pay attention for parent and teachers to remember that children reduce the consumption of cariogenic food and improving in brushing teeth habitKeywords: Cariogenic food intake; Brushing teeth habit; Dental caries.Pendahuluan: Karies gigi masih menjadi masalah kesehatan mulut di negara-negara industri besar, yang mempengaruhi 60-90% dari anak-anak sekolah dan sebagian besar orang dewasa. Karies gigi dapat dialami oleh semua orang dan dapat timbul di satu permukaan gigi atau lebih. Misalnya dari email ke dentin ataupun ke pulpa. Karies dikarenakan berbagai sebab, diantaranya adalah karbohidrat, mikroorganisme dan air ludah, permukaan bentuk gigi.Berdasarkan hasil prasurvei yang dilakukan pada siswa yang juga diwawancarai pada saat itu dilakukan pada 20 siswa di TK Kuntum Mekar dan TK Setia Bandar Lampung didapatkan data 14 siswa (70%) diantaranya mengkonsumsi makanan kariogenik dan memiliki kebiasaan menggosok gigi yang kurang baik ditandai dengan karies gigi dan 7 siswa (30%) diantaranya mengatakan jarang mengkonsumsi makanan kariogenik dan memiliki kebiasaan menggosok gigi cukup baik atau minimal dua kali sehari saat pagi sesudah makan dan malam sebelum tidur.Tujuan: Diketahui hubungan antara konsumsi makanan kariogenik dan kebiasaan menggosok gigi umur 4-6 tahun dengan kejadian karies gigi pada anak-anak di Bandar Lampung Indonesia.Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif (analitik), dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah anak-anak TK Kuntum Mekar dan TK Setia di Bandar Lampung, dengan jumlah sampel 80 murid.Pengambilan sampel menggunakan rumus Slovin.Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik chi-square.Hasil: Menunjukkan distribusi frekuensi konsumsi makanan kariogenik yang sering sebanyak 72 responden (86%), kebiasaan menggosok gigi yang buruk sebanyak 60 responden (75%). Karies gigi pada anak-anak dengan karies sebanyak 63 responden (83,8%). Ada hubungan antara konsumsi makanan kariogenik dengan kejadian karies gigi pada anak dengan nilai p-value = 0,022 (p-value<0,05), serta diperoleh nilai OR : 5.357. Ada hubungan anatara menggosok gigi dengan kejadian karies gigi pada anak dengan nilai p-value = 0,002 (p-value<0,05), serta diperoleh nilai OR : 7.333.Simpulan: Ada hubungan antara konsumsi makanan kariogenik dan kebiasaan menggosok gigi dengan kejadian karies gigi pada anak TK Kuntum Mekar dan TK Setia di Bandar Lampung Tahun 2019. Saran dalam penelitian ini diharapkan anak-anak mengurangi konsumsi makanan kariogenik dan mengetahui kebiasaan menggosok gigi yang benar.


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Harun Achmad ◽  
Andi M. Adam ◽  
Anni Satria

To determine nutritional status among a school children of Barru Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, in relation with gingivitis and dental caries severity. Cross-sectional study. A total of 127 school children in the age range of 9-12 years from Barru Regency were included in this study as a sample of simple random sampling. Nutritional status of children (BMI index), degree of gingival inflammation (using chi-square test statistic), and missing teeth (DMF-T index) were recorded. Additional information was collected using a questionnaire survey regarding knowledge about dental health, dietary habits, and oral health behaviors. The data were processed using the program Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). A group of who severe underweight (102 children), had higher odds for mild gingivitis (GI 79.4%) than others group of who has an ideal weight (16 children), had mild gingivitis (GI 62.5%). Children, who severe underweight, had higher odds for moderate caries (38.2%) than others group of who has an ideal weight, had moderate caries (18.8%). Based on chi-square test, there are correlation of nutritional status and dental caries severity (p=0.000<p=0.05). There is a relationship of nutritional status with gingivitis and dental caries severity among a school children.


2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Triana Arisdiani ◽  
Livana PH

Pendahuluan : Jumlah lansia yang banyak di Indonesia haruslah ditangani secara keseluruhan dengan memperhatikan kebutuhannya. Kebutuhan fisiologis dasar lansia yang harus dipenuhi adalah higiene, nutrisi, kenyaman, oksigenasi, cairan elektrolit, eliminasi urin dan fekal, dan tidur. akan berdampak buruk terhadap kesehatan, Kebutuhan fisiologis dan psikologis lansia yang tidak terpenuhi dapat menyebabkan kerentanan terhadap penyakit, stres konfusi, disorientasi, gangguan mood, kurang fresh, menurunnya kemampuan berkonsentrasi, kemampuan membuat keputusan. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan dukungan sosial pramurukti dengan kondisi kesehatan fisik lanjut usia di panti pelayanan sosial lansia cepiring kabupaten Kendal. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan study deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 74 orang.  Teknik sampling dalam penelitian ini menggunakan total sampling. Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa menunjukkan sebagian besar pramurukti memberikan dukungan dalam tingkat rendah hingga sedang yaitu sebanyak 13 (56,5%) orang. Hasil perhitungan menggunakan chi - square didapatkan nilai p value 0,316 (P>0,05) sehingga hasil analisis tidak adanya hubungan antara dukungan sosial pramurukti dengan kondisi kesehatan fisik lansia. Diskusi : Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai referensi untuk mengembangkan penelitian yang serupa menggunakan variabel yang berbeda.Kata Kunci          : Dukungan Sosial, Kondisi Kesehatan Fisik, Lansia Introduction: The large number of elderly people in Indonesia must be handled as a whole by paying attention to their needs. The basic physiological needs of the elderly that must be met are hygiene, nutrition, comfort, oxygenation, electrolyte fluid, urine and faecal elimination, and sleep. will have a negative impact on health, physiological and psychological needs of unmet elderly can lead to susceptibility to disease, confusion, disorientation, mood disorders, lack of freshness, decreased ability to concentrate, ability to make decisions. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between pre-proof social support and the physical health conditions of elderly people at the social care institutions of the elderly cepiring Kendal district. Method: This study is a descriptive correlation study with a cross sectional approach. The number of samples is 74 people. The sampling technique in this study used total sampling. Results: The results of the study showed that most of the prostitutes provided support in the low to moderate levels of 13 (56.5%) people. The calculation results using chi-square obtained p value 0.316 (P> 0.05) so that the results of the analysis there is no relationship between pre-proof social support and physical health conditions of the elderly. Discussion: This research is expected to be used as a reference for developing similar research using different variables.Keywords: Social Support, Physical Health Conditions, Elderly


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Anna Uswatun Qoyyimah ◽  
Cut Exshaldara Aliffia

Anna Uswatun Qoyyimah 1) , Cut Exshaldara Aliffia 2)1), 2) Prodi DIII Kebidanan, STIKES Muhammadiyah KlatenE-mail: [email protected] gigi dan mulut umumnya banyak ditemukan pada masyarakat adalah karies gigi. Data survey Bulan Kesehatan Gigi Nasional (2015), prevalensi karies anak usia 6 tahun sebanyak 74,44%. 62,4% murid sekolah tidak masuk sekolah dengan alasan karena sakit gigi. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa penyakit gigi walaupun tidak menimbulkan kematian, tetapi dapat menurunkan  aktifitas. Faktor yang menyebabkan tingginya penyakit gigi berlubang pada anak adalah kebiasaan menyikat gigi pada anak. Survey 69% anak usia enam tahun menyikat gigi dua kali sehari sedangkan 11,8% menyikat gigi kurang dari dua kali sehari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara frekuensi menggosok gigi dengan kejadian karies gigi. Metode penelitian: Desain penelitiandeskriptif analitikdenganmetode  pendekatancross sectional. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa TKIT Mutiara Hati Klaten yang berjumlah 84 anak.Tehnik sampling yang di gunakan adalah total sampling.Analisis data menggunakan chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan anak yang teratur menggosok gigi tidak mengalami karies gigi sebanyak (97,1%) dan anak yang tidak teratur menggosok gigi mengalami karies gigi sebanyak (97,1%), p value 0,000 (p < 0,05).Kesimpulan penelitian adalah ada hubungan frekuensi menggosok gigi dengan kejadian karies gigi pada siswa TKIT Mutiara Hati Klaten.Saran bagi orangtua diharapkan agar senantiasa tidak lupa membantu anak untuk selalu menggosok gigi terutama setelah selesai makan dan sebelum tidur.Kata kunci : Frekuensi menggosok gigi, karies gigiFREQUENCY  OF DENTAL WASTE WITH EVEVT OF DENTAL CARE IN KB MUTIARA HATI KLATEN TK STUDENTABSTRACTTooth and mouth ailments are commonly found in the community are dental caries National Dental Health Month survey data (2015), the prevalence of caries of 6-year-old children is 74,44%. 62,4% of school student do not attend school on the grounds of toothache.This condition shows that dental disease does not cause death, but can reduce activity Factors that cause high cavities in children are the habib of brushing teeth in children survey 69% of six years-olds brush their teeth twice a day while 11,8% brush teeth less than two times a day. This study aims to determine the relationship between the frequency of brushing teeth and the incidence of dental caries. Methods Descriptive analytic research design with cross sectional approach.Respondenst in this study were 84 children of TKIT MutiaraHatiKlaten. The sampling technique  usedwa total sampling. Data analysis use chi square. The result showed that children who regulary brushed their teeth did not experience dental caries (97,1%) and children who did not regularly brush their teeth experience dental caries (97,1%), p value 0,000 (p < 0,05). The  conclusion of the study was that there was a relationship frequency of brushing teeth with the incidence of dental caries in TKIT MutiaraHatiKlaten students suggestions for parents are expected to always not forget to help children to always brush their teeth especially after finishing eating and before going to bed. Keywords : the Frequency of brushing teeth, dental caries


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