scholarly journals Cultural sustainability and community water management in coastal Ecuador: jagüeyes or albarradas and small dams or detention ponds

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-132
Author(s):  
Silvia Graciela Álvarez Litben

The objective of this article is to highlight the sustainability capacity of pre-Columbian water management systems called jagüeyes or albarradas (detention ponds) compared with modern technologies like dams which are used today in coastal Ecuador. These are compared using interdisciplinary field research, which included ethnographic fieldwork with an observation of participative action projects and a literature review. In the case of tapes (arroyo or small river dams made by farmers or farm owners), the lack of participation and inclusion of social actors and their cultural knowledge about nature is evident. This regional study underlines how the albarradas system achieves long-term sustainability because it is an appropriate technology for the local communal ecosystem with which it is associated. This experience opens up the opportunity to explore the difference between what is currently promoted as sustainability and an alternative form of sustainability which introduces the sociocultural strand in public actions on environmental intervention.

Author(s):  
SAFITRI NURHIDAYATI ◽  
RIZKI AMELYA SYAM

This study aims to analyze whether the difference that occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor, and factory overhead costs between the standard costs and the actual costs in PLTU LATI is a difference that is favorable or unfavorable. Data collection techniques with field research and library research. The analytical tool used is the analysis of the difference in raw material costs, the difference in direct labor costs and the difference in factory overhead costs. The hypothesis in this study is that the difference allegedly occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor costs, and factory overhead costs at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb is a favorable difference. The results showed that the difference in the cost of producing MWh electricity at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb in 2018, namely the difference in the price of raw material costs Rp. 548,029.80, - is favorable, the difference in quantity of raw materials is Rp. 957,216,602, - is (favorable) , the difference in direct labor costs Rp 2,602,642,084, - is (unfavorable), and the difference in factory overhead costs Rp 8,807,051,422, - is (favorable) This shows that the difference in the overall production cost budget is favorable or profitable. This beneficial difference shows that the company is really able to reduce production costs optimally in 2018.  


2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
J. J. Gairhe ◽  
M. Adhikari

Climate change has been the burning issue in agriculture sector. The research world is focused on developing appropriate technology, innovations and concept to cope up this change. The Climate Smart Agriculture [CSA] has been adapted globally for cultivation and crop management in changing context without compromising yield and productivity. The CSA involves wide range altered techniques and innovations like using resilient varieties, water management, zero tillage, legumes incorporation, cover cropping, site specific fertilizer management, variation in planting date etc. Grounding on the similar practices and principles of CSA, the research in maize was conducted in 2014 in farmers' field of Eastern Nepal. Three progressive farmers with 1 hector of land were selected and Maize was cultivated using Zero tillage seed cum fertilizer driller tractor. This field experiment considers farmers as replication with six different treatments. All treatments differ to each other based on nutrient management, water management, residue management, tillage practice, crop establishment, and inclusion of legumes in the cropping system. Six treatments are coded as follows: Current Irrigated (CI), Improved Irrigated Low (IIL), Improved Irrigated High (IIH), Climate Smart Agriculture-Low (CSA-L), Climate Smart Agriculture-Medium (CSA-M), and Climate Smart Agriculture-High (CSA-H). Significant impact of intervention was observed in yield and yield attributes in the trial with climate smart agriculture practices than in conventional practices of farmers. Plant density, ear number, filled grains per cob and grain yield was substantially higher in climate smart practices revealing CSA to be the appropriate technology to minimize potential loss of climate change.


2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Retno Indahwati ◽  
Ign Budi Hendrarto ◽  
Munifatul Izzati

The aim of this research to analyze the difference of apple farm quality the influence of  intensification of agriculture system with environmentally-friendly of agriculture system. A descriptive field research was conducted in June until August 2012. The soil samples were taken in each location by using disturb sample method. The Arthropods sample were taken every five days for five time by using pitfall trap method with five transek in each location.The research applied a  qualitative and quantitative-descriptive. The farm quality were comparison soil quality analyze and  compositions of ground Arthropods. The composition of ground Arthropods were analyzed using Important Value Index and the diversities were analyzed by using Shannon Wiener Index. The result showed that farm quality with environmentally-friendly of agriculture system was better than intensification of agriculture system. The ground Arthropods collected at 150 pitfall trap in environmentally-friendly of agriculture system were 15.079 individual while those in intensification of agriculture system were 9.461 individual. Based on Important Value Index (40,83-64,31), Collembolla ordo Entomobryidae family dominated in each location. Based on Shannon Wiener Index that diversity of ground Arthropods in intensification of agriculture system (H’= 1,58-2,04) was greater than environmentally-friendly of agriculture system (H’= 1,56- 1,99), but both of them at medium criteria.   Keywords : farm quality, agriculture system, Arthropods composition


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
Zuzana Hrdličková

It is evident from the PISA 2018 results that a trend in mean performance in reading has been declining in the Slovak Republic. The KEGA Project “Idioms in Business Communication”, run at the Department of English Language, aims at improving reading literacy, widening formal and informal vocabulary and facilitating business communication. Both traditional and modern styles of language teaching are used. The control group of students does a traditional course and the experimental group of students enrols in a “Business Communication” e-course on LMS Moodle platform, as well. With the use of the Internet and supporting materials, this group is involved in various activities. The paper compares the study results of 144 first-year and 97 second-year students of the University of Economics in Bratislava achieved in departmental standardised business English tests after completing three courses in business English for advanced students. The method of Hypothesis Testing (t-Test) assesses the significance of the difference between the levels of knowledge of both groups. The research findings prove that the experimental group of students achieved better results in final evaluation than the control group of students. The results also confirm that an alternative form of business English teaching was effective.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Calvin Talakua ◽  
Yuliana Rumengan

The condition of seagrass beds in Amahai Bay is relatively fertile, with a fairly high and wide density. Enhalus acoroides was chosen as a type of seagrass used for transplants in this study because Enhalus acoroides was quite abundant in the waters of Amahai Bay. Seed availability is one of the factors that need to be considered in the transplant business. There are several points in the waters of Amahai Bay where seagrass conditions do not grow evenly. Many fishermen who do fishing activities in the seagrass area inadvertently damage the ecosystem in the seagrass beds in that location. Under these conditions, it is important to do seagrass transplants so that the seagrass ecosystem is not increasingly damaged due to many human activities or natural factors. This experimental field research was carried out comparing the growth of transplanted seagrass Enhalus acoroides using the anchored sprig method. Determination of the location of the study carried out by the method of purposive random sampling. The research station in the waters of the village of Amahai at the substrate location of the muddy sand bottom with a depth of 0.85-1.5m. The station is divided into 3 observation points, with each location given 3 plots of 1x1m size with a transplant of 16 stands in each plot. The highest leaf growth rate for transplanted seagrass is at station 2, which is 3.76 mm.hr-1 on young leaves and 1.86 mm.day-1 for old leaves. And there is a difference in the speed of growth between the growth of natural seagrass and transplanted seagrass. The difference in transplantation stations has a very significant effect on the growth of seagrass leaves.


2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asjad Ahmed Saeed Balla ◽  
Ahmed Gumaa Siddiek

The present study is an attempt to investigate the problems resulting from the lexical choice in the translation of the Holy Qur’an to emphasize the importance of the theory of “Frame Semantics” in the translation process. It has been conducted with the aim of measuring the difference in concept between the two languages Arabic and English. In order to find out this difference two words have been chosen from the Qur’an to see how the different English frames can affect the translation of the Holy Qur’an. In addition to that the paper aims to reveal the strategies used by translators to avoid such effect.  We also intended to see which factors that can mostly affect the translation of the Qur’an: the linguistic background or the cultural knowledge. Four hypotheses were coined to deal with the difference in frame knowledge (conception) between Arabic and English. The analysis of the data showed that the linguistic background contributed more to the translators’ ability than the cultural knowledge. A rank ordering for the five translations performed in the present study resulted in that the first rank (completely appropriate) was assigned to Yusuf Ali’s translation and the second position was booked by Pickhall’s translation.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Eka Utari Handayani ◽  
Nurul Huda

The background of this research is the low value of istima' maharah scores and kalam in Arabic lessons at MTs Nurul Ummah related to the creativity of teachers' creativity in teaching, there is no training on four language proficiency, teacher development, and methods used by conventional method teachers. The purpose of this study was to study the increase in the value of maharah istima' and kalam with serial whisper games and the difference in values ​​between the experimental class and the control class. This research is field research using quantitative research and experimental methods. The results of this study prove an increase in istima' maharah scores and kalam in the experimental class from pre-action and post-action. Measurement results of istima' maharah pretest and posttest 'Increase the average value of 25.83. On increasing, maharah kalam increased by 25. The results of the analysis can be concluded from the whisper chain game can increase maharah istima' and kalam. Based on the results of the t-test, the value (maharah istima') sig. (2-tailed) = 0.008 so the value of sig. (2-tailed) <0.050 and the value of kalam maharah based on 0,000, so the value of sig (2-tailed) <0.050, which means that it is meant by significant for istima' maharah and kalam maharah after giving assistance with serial whisper media.


Author(s):  
Nilüfer Pembecioğlu ◽  
Nebahat Akgün Çomak

Apple is one of the first pieces of food mentioned in the earliest stories and books of mankind and different values were attributed to apple throughout the whole history. Various societies contributed to the appreciation of it placing it in their lullabies or fairy tales as well as in their daily communication and diet. Even if it seems to be so common, humble, and accessible, the lack of it is also interpreted in different ways. Yet, nowadays, it became one of the main foods of the 21st century as well. Following a quantitative and descriptive methodology and analyzing the values attributed to Apple, this paper provides a glimpse of its history and aims to analyze the ‘Apple’ case in Turkey regarding it not only as a ‘mystic’ product affecting the whole humanity but also as an agricultural product to be paid attention with the new trends in food processing in its developing aspects. Whereas the agricultural people spend more time and energy in producing better crops all around the world, the apple case in Turkey puts a shade on modernity placing apple growers away from sustainability, innovation, and productivity. Dwelling on the media coverage of the past few years regarding the apple as a content, the paper aims to introduce the main value of the apple as a product of agriculture and handles the problem of what to do in the case of apple production in its modern sense. Field research is enriched as to provide qualitative reports based on the focus group discussions and interviews with the apple producers and decision-makers as to put forward how apple is priced or degraded. In conclusion, it provides a needs analysis format, a systematic approach to the problem as a process of identifying and evaluating the apple case. As the results put forward, growing apples require valuing them. It also requires better-established facts, better-trained people, and concentrating more on the specific needs of employees, customers, suppliers, etc. These needs are often referred to as “gaps,” or the difference between what is currently done and what should be performed. So, re-valuing apples requires to bridge the gap between the mystic apples and the digital apples of the 21st century. Today’s farmers, should become a part of the network, enrich their cultivation methodology and innovation capacities as to reach to precision agriculture substructure and techniques to be able to become a part of the smart agriculture. Otherwise, they keep on just swallowing the mud of the field or consuming the fake news instead of reality. JEL: O13; Q10; Q12; Q13; Q15 <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0723/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie A. Caspar ◽  
Darius Gishoma ◽  
Pedro Alexandre Magalhaes De Saldanha da Gama

We investigated to what extent the first generation of Rwandese born after the 1994 genocide would comply with immoral orders to inflict pain to another individual. We recruited 72 Rwandese in Rwanda and 72 Rwandese in Belgium. We observed that the more they reported that their family suffered during the 1994 genocide, the less they complied with immoral orders. This effect appeared to be mediated by a higher neural response to the pain of others for participants who reported a greater family suffering. We also observed that Rwandese tested in Belgium disobeyed more frequently to immoral orders than Rwandese tested in Rwanda. Results indicated that the best predictive factor of prosocial disobedience was a low cultural relationship to authority, thus emphasizing the weight of culture and education on people’s behaviors. The present study opens new paths for interdisciplinary field research dedicated to the study of obedience.


2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (S1) ◽  
pp. 76-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patsy Ngalu Bedford ◽  
Siobhan K. Casson

AbstractThe Kimberley Language Resource Centre (KLRC) earned its status over three decades as the representative body for Kimberley languages. In 2004, the organisation started to respond to grassroots concerns about the lack of language speakers in the younger generations. Aboriginal people are also connecting loss of languages to loss of bio-cultural knowledge. In 2006, the KLRC began promoting language continuation strategies such as Teaching On Country. The organisation uses a series of diagrams to assist with this work and is developing an Aboriginal oral curriculum. Lack of support from within government and education circles for these strategies led the organisation to reflect on the difference between Aboriginal and Western knowledge systems. This paper questions Western approaches to education and argues that Aboriginal holistic knowledge must be supported within appropriate teaching and learning contexts to ensure the survival of languages and knowledge. It makes a case for evidence based, community engaged research examining language and knowledge continuation. It asks that Western education providers, who segregate language knowledge from experience and from country, examine and revise their practices. In conclusion, it calls for a realistic dialogue with government which honours the intentions of former Prime Minister Rudd's Apology to the Stolen Generations.


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