scholarly journals Dysbiosis and Intestinal Permeability: Causes and Effects of Altering Normal Intestinal Flora

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Enrique Naranjo Logroño ◽  
Anthony Alfonso Naranjo Coronel ◽  
Angie Daniela Beltrán Vera ◽  
Rafael Sebastián Dávila Santillán
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiome ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Review Study

Introduction: The balance of the microbiota is determined by the high diversity and its ability to withstand changes under physiological stress, therefore, its health parameters are the number of microorganisms and the variety of bacterial species. The decrease in the number of microorganisms or species, reduces immunity as it relates to diseases of the gastrointestinal tract that result in producing systemic alterations. Objective: To know the different effects of the alteration of the normal intestinal flora in the human body. Method: Systematic literature review in search engines: LILACS, CINAHL, COCHRANE, EBSCO, MEDLINE, SCIELO, SCOPUS and PUBMED, using terms such as microbiota, dysbiosis, alteration of intestinal flora, among others. Results: Review of 40 articles from the last five years and including 30 that are related to the subject and objective of the present literature review study. Discussion: Bacterial dysbiosis causing alterations in the organism that lead to different pathologies. Conclusion: Dysbiosis or dysbacteria is of great importance in humans, since its alteration causes endless changes, even altering its normal functioning, causing pathologies, that a simple view would be ruled out as a consequence of the alteration of the bacterial flora. Keywords: dysbiosis, gastrointestinal microbiome, microbiota. RESUMEN Introducción: El equilibrio de la microbiota está determinado por la alta diversidad y por la capacidad de la misma para soportar los cambios bajo estrés fisiológico, por tanto, sus parámetros de salud son la cantidad de microorganismos y la variedad de especies bacterianas. La disminución del número de microorganismos o de especies, reduce la inmunidad por lo que se relaciona con enfermedades del tracto gastrointestinal que llegan a producir alteraciones sistémicas. Objetivo: Conocer los diferentes efectos de la alteración de la flora intestinal normal en el cuerpo humano. Método: revisión bibliográfica sistemática en los buscadores: LILACS, CINAHL, COCHRANE, EBSCO, MEDLINE, SCIELO, SCOPUS y PUBMED, usando términos como microbiota, disbiosis, alteración de la flora intestinal, entre otros. Resultados: Revisión de 40 artículos de los últimos cinco años y se incluyeron 30 que están en relación con el tema y objetivo del presente estudio de revisión de la literatura. Discusión: La disbiosis bacteriana ocasionando alteraciones en el organismo que llevan a diferentes patologías. Conclusión: La Disbiosis o disbacteriosos tiene una gran importancia en el ser humano, ya que su alteración provoca un sinfín de cambios, llegando incluso a alterar su funcionamiento normal, ocasionando patologías, que a simple vista se descartarían como consecuencia de la alteración de la flora bacteriana. Palabras claves: disbiosis, microbioma gastrointestinal, microbiota.

scholarly journals Singular therapeutic project in mental health: an integrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Ávila Baptista ◽  
Marcio Wagner Camatta ◽  
Paula Gonçalves Filippon ◽  
Jacó Fernando Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Specialized Mental Health

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the Singular Therapeutic Projects’ characteristics in mental health care used to assist the subject with psychological distress. Methods: it is an Integrative Literature Review study conducted in July 2017. The following databases used to collect the data were LILACS, MEDLINE and BDENF. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 articles were selected. Results: there was divergence between what was recommended by the Ministry of Health for PTS elaboration with that described in the studies analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the low participation and co-responsibility between team/user in PTS elaboration, excessive referrals to specialized mental health services, fragmentation of knowledge within the multidisciplinary team, and difficulty sharing and discussing information about cases. Final considerations: it is pointed out the need to adapt PTS elaboration, and its respective steps, to the needs of each individual.

scholarly journals Communication between pre-hospital and intra-hospital emergency medical services: literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (suppl 6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melorie Marano de Souza ◽  
Allan Corrêa Xavier ◽  
Cássia Amorim Rodrigues Araújo ◽  
Eric Rosa Pereira ◽  
Sabrina da Costa Machado Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Emergency Medical Services ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Hospital Services ◽  
Hospital Emergency ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Review Study

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze, according to the scientific literature, communication strategies in the transfer of cases between pre-hospital and in-hospital services and their contributions to patient safety. Methods: this is a literature review study, that is, one that aims to gather and synthesize research results on the subject in a systematic and orderly manner. Results: ten articles were published, published between 2010 and 2018, and two points of discussion emerged: use of mnemonics; and barriers to transferring a case. Conclusions: studies point to the need to standardize the case transfer process, as well as integrative training of professionals, regular assessment of the teams involved in emergency medical services and the need for research on the subject.

scholarly journals Ética e bioética no contexto da recusa a transfusão sanguínea: revisando a literatura

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (29) ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
Gabriella Acioli Brilhante Reis ◽  
Luiz Faustino dos Santos Maia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Multidisciplinary Care ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
Bioethical Issues ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Ethical Stance ◽  
To Receive

A transfusão de sangue é uma das estratégias terapêuticas, mas apesar de ser muito difundida não é a única existente, além de apresentar riscos e complicações quando mal indicada. Objetivamos incentivar enfermeiros e profissionais multidisciplinares a discutirem estratégia de assistência e refletir às questões de ética e bioética na recusa da transfusão sanguínea. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão da literatura, por meio do qual, realizou-se um levantamento da produção cientifica relacionada ao assunto, disponibilizada ou não em bases de dados, publicadas nos últimos 20 anos, essa pesquisa possibilitou a síntese de vários estudos. É crescente a necessidade de discutir estratégias e alternativas para atender a pacientes que recusam receber sangue. Adotar uma postura ética e preparação científica com os membros da enfermagem é fundamental para uma assistência individualizada bem como, orquestrar um trabalho com a equipe que irá assistir ao paciente para promover o melhor atendimento multidiciplinar que este necessita respeitando sua autonomia e livre de preconceitos.Descritores: Transfusão de Sangue, Ética, Bioética. Ethics and bioethics in the context of refusing blood transfusion: reviewing the literatureAbstract: Blood transfusion is one of the therapeutic strategies, but in spite of being very widespread, it is not the only one, besides presenting risks and complications when poorly indicated. We aim to encourage nurses and multidisciplinary professionals to discuss care strategy and reflect on ethical and bioethical issues in refusing blood transfusion. This is a literature review study, through which a survey of the scientific production related to the subject was carried out, made available or not in databases, published in the last 20 years, this research allowed the synthesis of several studies. There is a growing need to discuss strategies and alternatives to assist patients who refuse to receive blood. Adopting an ethical stance and scientific preparation with nursing members is essential for individualized assistance as well as, orchestrating a work with the team that will assist the patient to promote the best multidisciplinary care that he needs, respecting his autonomy and free from prejudice.Descriptors: Blood Transfusion, Ethics, Bioethics. Ética y bioética en el contexto de rechazar la transfusión de sangre: revisando la literaturaResumen: La transfusión de sangre es una de las estrategias terapéuticas, pero a pesar de estar muy extendida, no es la única, además de presentar riesgos y complicaciones cuando está mal indicada. Nuestro objetivo es alentar a las enfermeras y profesionales multidisciplinarios a discutir estrategias de atención y reflexionar sobre cuestiones éticas y bioéticas al rechazar la transfusión de sangre. Este es un estudio de revisión de literatura, a través del cual se realizó una encuesta de la producción científica relacionada con el tema, disponible o no en bases de datos, publicada en los últimos 20 años, esta investigación permitió la síntesis de varios estudios. Existe una creciente necesidad de discutir estrategias y alternativas para ayudar a los pacientes que se niegan a recibir sangre. Adoptar una postura ética y una preparación científica con los miembros de enfermería es esencial para la asistencia individualizada, así como para organizar un trabajo con el equipo que ayudará al paciente a promover la mejor atención multidisciplinaria que necesita, respetando su autonomía y libre de prejuicios.Descriptores: Transfusión Sanguínea, Ética, Bioética.

Critical Review on Suicide Among Nurses

Crisis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Alderson ◽  
Xavier Parent-Rocheleau ◽  
Brian Mishara
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Work Related ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Full Text Review ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

Background: Research shows that there is a high prevalence of suicide among nurses. Despite this, it has been 15 years since the last literature review on the subject was published. Aim: The aim of this article is to review the knowledge currently available on the risk of suicide among nurses and on contributory risk factors. Method: A search was conducted in electronic databases using keywords related to prevalence and risk factors of suicide among nurses. The abstracts were analyzed by reviewers according to selection criteria. Selected articles were submitted to a full-text review and their key elements were summarized. Results: Only nine articles were eligible for inclusion in this review. The results of this literature review highlight both the troubling high prevalence of suicide among nurses as well as the persistent lack of studies that examine this issue. Conclusion: Considering that the effects of several factors related to nurses' work and work settings are associated with high stress, distress, or psychiatric problems, we highlight the relevance of investigating work-related factors associated with nurses' risk of suicide. Several avenues for future studies are discussed as well as possible research methods.

A Systematic Literature Review of the EFQM Excellence Model from 1991 to 2019

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yousaf ◽  
Petr Bris
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
European Foundation ◽  
The Subject

A systematic literature review (SLR) from 1991 to 2019 is carried out about EFQM (European Foundation for Quality Management) excellence model in this paper. The aim of the paper is to present state of the art in quantitative research on the EFQM excellence model that will guide future research lines in this field. The articles were searched with the help of six strings and these six strings were executed in three popular databases i.e. Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct. Around 584 peer-reviewed articles examined, which are directly linked with the subject of quantitative research on the EFQM excellence model. About 108 papers were chosen finally, then the purpose, data collection, conclusion, contributions, and type of quantitative of the selected papers are discussed and analyzed briefly in this study. Thus, this study identifies the focus areas of the researchers and knowledge gaps in empirical quantitative literature on the EFQM excellence model. This article also presents the lines of future research.

scholarly journals Cartilage Injuries and Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis in the Wrist: A Review

Cartilage ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 194760352110219
Author(s):  
Jonny K. Andersson ◽  
Elisabet Hagert ◽  
Mats Brittberg
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Radius Fractures ◽  
Osteochondral Autograft ◽  
Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis ◽  
Osteochondral Repair ◽  
Chondrocyte Implantation ◽  
Cartilage Injuries ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
And Cartilage

Objective: Focal cartilage injuries, and posttraumatic osteoarthritis (OA) in the wrist are likely common and a cause of wrist pain. To estimate the incidence of cartilage lesions and to understand the pathomechanisms leading to wrist cartilage injuries and OA, a literature review on the subject was performed combined with a presentation of one of the authors’ own experience. Design: This study includes a literature review of the topic. As a comparison to the review findings, the observations of one of the authors’ consecutive 48 wrist arthroscopies, were assessed. PubMed, Scholar, and Cochrane databases were searched using the keywords “cartilage injury AND wrist AND treatment” and “wrist AND cartilage AND chondral AND osteochondral AND degenerative OA.” :Result A total of 11 articles, including 9 concerning chondral and osteochondral repair and treatment and 2 regarding posttraumatic OA, were retrieved. The cartilage repair treatments used in these articles were drilling, osteochondral autograft, juvenile articular cartilage allograft, and chondrocyte implantation. One article displayed concomitant cartilage injuries in displaced distal radius fractures in 32% of the patients. The review of our findings from a 1-year cohort of wrist arthroscopies showed 17% cartilage injuries. Conclusion: There is a lack of knowledge in current literature on cartilage injuries and treatment, as well as posttraumatic OA in the wrist. Cartilage injuries appear to be common, being found in 17% to 32% of all wrist arthroscopies after trauma, but no guidelines regarding conservative or surgical treatment can be recommended at the moment. Larger prospective comparative studies are needed.

scholarly journals Building an ‘Industrial Engineering Mindset’ among Indian Healthcare Executives: Toward Management of Healthcare Facilities at an Industrial Scale post the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 2516600X2110059
Author(s):  
Som Sekhar Bhattacharyya ◽  
Rajesh Chandwani
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Industrial Engineering ◽  
Industrial Scale ◽  
Subject Domain ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Healthcare Executives ◽  
The Future ◽  
Adequate Quantity ◽  
The Subject

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the necessity of good quality and adequate quantity of healthcare infrastructure facilities. Healthcare facilities were provided for COVID-19 facilities with improvisation and supplementary lateral infrastructure from other sectors. However, the main point of contemplation going into the future was regarding how to quickly develop healthcare facilities. The subject domain of ‘industrial engineering’ (IE) and its associated perspectives could provide some key insights regarding this. The authors undertook a conceptual literature review and provided theoretical argumentation toward this. The findings provided insights regarding the application of industrial engineering concepts in healthcare facilities and services.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of 0.66% Povidone-Iodine Eye Drops on Ocular Surface Flora before Cataract Surgery: A Nationwide Microbiological Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2198
Author(s):  
Rosario Musumeci ◽  
Pasquale Troiano ◽  
Marianna Martinelli ◽  
Matteo Piovella ◽  
Claudio Carbonara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Contralateral Eye

A multicenter, nonrandomized, prospective, controlled study was conducted to evaluate, as perioperative prophylactic treatment, the anti-infective effectiveness of 0.66% povidone-iodine eye drops (IODIM®) against the bacterial flora of the conjunctival surface of patients who undergo cataract surgery. Eye drops containing 0.66% povidone-iodine were applied to the eye undergoing cataract surgery; the untreated contralateral eye was used as control. One hundred and twenty patients set to receive unilateral cataract surgery were enrolled in 5 Italian Ophthalmology Centers and pretreated for three days with 0.66% povidone-iodine eye drops. The contralateral eye, used as control, was left untreated. Conjunctival swabs of both eyes were collected at the baseline visit and after three days of treatment, just before the cataract surgery. A qualitative and quantitative microbiological analysis of bacterial presence was evaluated by means of bacterial culture, followed by identification. Methicillin resistance determination was also performed on staphylococci isolates. Bacterial load before and after treatment of the eye candidate for cataract surgery was evaluated and compared to the untreated eye. A reduction or no regrowth on the culture media of the bacterial load was observed in 100% of the study subjects. A great heterogenicity of bacterial species was found. The 0.66% povidone-iodine eye drops, used for three days prior to cataract surgery, were effective in reducing the conjunctival bacterial load. The 0.66% povidone-iodine eye drops (IODIM®) might represent a valid perioperative prophylactic antiseptic adjuvant treatment to protect the ocular surface from microbial contamination in preparation of the surgical procedure.

scholarly journals From Supply Chain 4.0 to Supply Chain 5.0: Findings from a Systematic Literature Review and Research Directions

Logistics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Guilherme F. Frederico
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Strategy Innovation ◽  
Transition Issues

The main purpose of this paper is to present what the Industry 5.0 phenomenon means in the supply chain context. A systematic literature review method was used to get evidence from the current knowledge linked to this theme. The results have evidenced a strong gap related to Industry 5.0 approaches for the supply chain field. Forty-one (41) publications, including conference and journal papers, have been found in the literature. Nineteen (19) words, which were grouped in four (4) clusters, have been identified in the data analysis. This was the basis to form the four (4) constructs of Industry 5.0: Industry Strategy, Innovation and Technologies, Society and Sustainability, and Transition Issues. Then, an alignment with the supply chain context was proposed, being the basis for the incipient Supply Chain 5.0 framework and its research agenda. Industry 5.0 is still in an embryonic and ideal stage. The literature is scarce and many other concepts and discoveries are going to emerge. Although this literature review is based on few available sources, it provides insightful and novel concepts related to Industry 5.0 in the supply chain context. Moreover, it presents a clear set of constructs and a structured research agenda to encourage researchers in deploying further conceptual and empirical works linked to the subject herein explored. Organizations’ leadership, policymakers, and other practitioners involved in supply chains, and mainly those currently working with Industry 4.0 initiatives, can benefit from this research by having clear guidance regarding the dimensions needed to structurally design and implement an Industry 5.0 strategy. This article adds valuable insights to researchers and practitioners, by approaching the newest and revolutionary concept of the Industry 5.0 phenomenon in the supply chain context, which is still an unexplored theme.

scholarly journals Sustainability Requirements of Digital Twin-Based Systems: A Meta Systematic Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5519
Author(s):  
Rui Carvalho ◽  
Alberto Rodrigues da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Reducing Costs

Sustainable development was defined by the UN in 1987 as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, and this is a core concept in this paper. This work acknowledges the three dimensions of sustainability, i.e., economic, social, and environmental, but its focus is on this last one. A digital twin (DT) is frequently described as a physical entity with a virtual counterpart, and the data, connections between the two, implying the existence of connectors and blocks for efficient and effective data communication. This paper provides a meta systematic literature review (SLR) (i.e., an SLR of SLRs) regarding the sustainability requirements of DT-based systems. Numerous papers on the subject of DT were also selected because they cited the analyzed SLRs and were considered relevant to the purposes of this research. From the selection and analysis of 29 papers, several limitations and challenges were identified: the perceived benefits of DTs are not clearly understood; DTs across the product life cycle or the DT life cycle are not sufficiently studied; it is not clear how DTs can contribute to reducing costs or supporting decision-making; technical implementation of DTs must be improved and better integrated in the context of the IoT; the level of fidelity of DTs is not entirely evaluated in terms of their parameters, accuracy, and level of abstraction; and the ownership of data stored within DTs should be better understood. Furthermore, from our research, it was not possible to find a paper discussing DTs only in regard to environmental sustainability.

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