scholarly journals Safety Analysis of Freshwater Fish

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai Fedorov ◽  
Nikolai Soloviev ◽  
Yuri Gak
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Postmortem Changes ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Microbiological Control ◽  
Spinal Muscles ◽  
River Fish

The results presented in this paper demonstrate that the microbial population in the hydroecosystem has seasonal variations. The bacterial contamination of water and fish in November was 140 and 11 times less than in July respectively. It was found that fish caught in natural reservoirs in the autumn-winter period had different dynamics in the development of postmortem changes in comparison with those caught in the summer period. Postmortem secretion of mucus was not as pronounced in autumn-winter as in summer. Postmortem rigidity on the contrary was pronounced; gill covers were tightly fitting; and spinal muscles were tensed and of dense texture. Storing fresh river fish at a temperature of 3-5°C for 24 hours did not lead to a change in sensory evaluation. Physic-chemical indicators corresponded to the values characterizing fresh, healthy fish. During storage, the bacterial contamination of fish increased by more than 100 times, while the maximum permissible number of microorganisms (5.0 × 104 CFU / g) was not exceeded. Keywords: fish, microbiological control, organoleptic and physic-chemical indicators

scholarly journals Optimized genotyping method for identification of bacterial contaminants in pharmaceutical industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-295
Author(s):  
Borche Stamatoski ◽  
Miroslava Ilievska ◽  
Hristina Babunovska ◽  
Nikola Sekulovski ◽  
Sasho Panov
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Identification ◽  
Bacterial Contaminants ◽  
Microbiological Control ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractMicrobiological control is of crucial importance in the pharmaceutical industry regarding the possible bacterial contamination of the environment, water, raw materials and finished products. Molecular identification of bacterial contaminants based on DNA sequencing of the hypervariable 16SrRNA gene has been introduced recently. The aim of this study is to investigate the suitability of gene sequencing using our selection of PCR primers and conditions for rapid and accurate bacterial identification in pharmaceutical industry quality control.DNA was extracted from overnight incubated colonies from 10 bacterial ATCC strains, which are common contaminants in the pharmaceutical industry. A region of bacterial 16SrRNA gene was analyzed by bidirectional DNA sequencing. Bacterial identification based on partial sequencing of the 16SrRNA gene is the appropriate method that could be used in the pharmaceutical industry after adequate validations. We have successfully identified all tested bacteria with more than 99 % similarity to the already published sequences.

scholarly journals An Efficient Prediction Model for Water Discharge in Schoharie Creek, NY

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina G. Tsakiri ◽  
Antonios E. Marsellos ◽  
Igor G. Zurbenko
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Statistical Methodology ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Efficient Prediction ◽  
Climatic Time Series

Flooding normally occurs during periods of excessive precipitation or thawing in the winter period (ice jam). Flooding is typically accompanied by an increase in river discharge. This paper presents a statistical model for the prediction and explanation of the water discharge time series using an example from the Schoharie Creek, New York (one of the principal tributaries of the Mohawk River). It is developed with a view to wider application in similar water basins. In this study a statistical methodology for the decomposition of the time series is used. The Kolmogorov-Zurbenko filter is used for the decomposition of the hydrological and climatic time series into the seasonal and the long and the short term component. We analyze the time series of the water discharge by using a summer and a winter model. The explanation of the water discharge has been improved up to 81%. The results show that as water discharge increases in the long term then the water table replenishes, and in the seasonal term it depletes. In the short term, the groundwater drops during the winter period, and it rises during the summer period. This methodology can be applied for the prediction of the water discharge at multiple sites.

scholarly journals Herbal mouthwash based on Libidibia ferrea: microbiological control, sensory characteristics, sedimentation, pH and density

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisely Naura Venâncio ◽  
Isis Costa Rodrigues ◽  
Tatiane Pereira de Souza ◽  
Raquel de Oliveira Marreiro ◽  
Maria Fulgência Costa Lima Bandeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Mouth Diseases ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Microbiological Control ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Density Evaluation ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Introduction Phytotherapy is the study of herbal medicines and their applicability to cure diseases in general, being a therapeutic method which can be used for the prevention and treatment of mouth diseases. Among the herbal studied, the Libidibia ferrea, known as jucá or ironwood, is widely used in folk medicine by presenting anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial and antipyretic therapeutic properties. Objective To evaluate in vitro pharmacological stability of the Libidibia ferrea extract’s mouthwash (INPA - 228 022). Material and method It was held the mouthwash microbiological control by determining the total number of microorganisms and Salmonella sp, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus; stability characteristics (color, odor, brightness and consistency), sedimentation test (centrifuge), the pH measurement (pH meter) and density evaluation (pycnometer) were analyzed. Result The mouthwash showed to be absent from microorganisms and no changes were observed in the organoleptics and sedimentation characteristics. The average pH values were 6.21, 6.15 and 5.85 at 0, 30 and 60 days, respectively, and 1.029, 1.033 and 1.035 g/ mL density values, respectively, without interfering with the final characteristic of the formulation. Conclusion The mouthwash presented pharmacological stability and quality conditions.

scholarly journals Characteristics and Seasonal Variations of Atmospheric Deposition of Selected Elements in the Urban and Industrial Environment of Košice (Slovakia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 906 (1) ◽  
pp. 012100
Author(s):  
Jozef Hančul’ák ◽  
Ol’ga Šestinová ◽  
Lenka Findoráková
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Deposition ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This study aims to evaluate the impact of local emission sources on the environmental load through a detailed analysis of the atmospheric deposition (AD). The main sources of pollution are neighbouring iron and steelworks and typical urban sources, such as the heating plant, transport, construction, etc. Total atmospheric deposition, i.e. both wet and dry ones, were sampled from eleven sampling sites that have been placed on the roofs above the height of the surrounding buildings at a distance of 1 to 16 kilometers from the main source of pollution in the urban, suburban and rural areas. The atmospheric deposition fluxes of selected elements (Fe, Al, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd, As) were determined separately for “water-soluble” and “insoluble phase” (particulate matter - PM) as well as in terms of the heating season for summer and winter half-year. The results from 2009–2020 are introduced. The average Fe deposition at urban stations in Košice was 2-3 times higher, compared with other urban areas. The very high values of iron deposition (9,181) and manganese (348 mg.m-2.yr-1) were measured mainly at sites near the ironworks. The highest values of correlation coefficients were calculated by Pearson correlation analysis for the elements Fe, Mn and Cr but also for Al and PM. Higher values of correlation coefficients were calculated for the winter period. The monitored elements are bound to the insoluble component AD in the order of Fe, Al, Cr, Pb, Mn and As. Cadmium and zinc are preferably bound to the soluble phase for sites north of the ironworks. Significant differences for fluxes of AD of the most observed parameters were found between the summer and winter periods. In winter, higher values of AD were found for the elements Fe, Pb, Mn, Cr, and Cd. In the case of zinc and arsenic higher values were recorded in the summer period. The share of emission sources of iron and steelworks on the fluxes of iron at the urban sites in winter was more than doubled compared to the summer period. The smallest seasonal differences for all observed components were found at localities near the ironworks. Detailed analysis of AD showed that in addition to Fe, Mn, and Cr, the ironworks complex is also a source of dust particles, aluminum and other observed elements in descending order of lead, zinc, copper, arsenic and cadmium.

scholarly journals Бактеріальні показники продуктів забою курчат-бройлерів у разі збагачення раціону наномікроелементною кормовою добавкою «Мікростимулін» в аспекті ветеринарно-санітарної експертизи

2015 ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
І. В. Яценко ◽  
В. М. Кириченко
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Experimental Group

Проаналізовано бактеріальну контамінацію умовно-патогенними та патогенними мікроорганізмамипродуктів забою курчат-бройлерів (білі і червонім’язи, серце, печінка, м’язова частина шлунку) в разізбагачення раціону наномікроелементною кормовоюдобавкою (НМКД) «Мікростимулін» протягом чоти-рьох діб зберігання за температури 0–4 оС. Встанов-лено, що найменший рівень МАФАнМ, БГКП, бакте-рій роду Proteus реєструвався в 3-й дослідній групі,курчатам-бройлерам якої задавали з водою 20 см3/дм3НМКД «Мікростимулін» у всіх досліджуваних продук-тах забою. Найбільший рівень МАФАнМ, БГКП, бак-терій роду Proteus реєструвався в контрольній групі,курчатам-бройлерам якої не задавали НМКД «Мікро-стимулін» з водою. Доведено залежність між дозоюНМКД «Мікростимулін» і кількістю мікроорганізміву продуктах забою птиці. The bacterial contamination of broiler chicken slaughter products (white and red muscles, heart, liver, muscular stomach) by conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic microorganisms when the ration of the chickens was enriched by nanomicroelement feed additive (NMFA) «Microstimulin» for four days of storage at 0–4 ºC has been analyzed. It has been found out that the lowest level of MAFAnM, BGIR, bacteria Proteus in all slaughter products under investigation was registered in the 3rd experimental group the broiler chickens of which were given 20 cm³/dm³ NMFA «Microstimulin» with water. The highest level of MAFAnM, BGIR, bacteria Proteus was registered in the control group the broiler chickens which were not given NMFA «Microstimulin» with water. The dependence between the dose of NMFA «Microstimulin» and the number of microorganisms in the products of slaughtering has been proved.

Effect of temperature and relative humidity on the milk production of dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Ivan Imrich ◽  
Róbert Toman ◽  
Martina Pšenková ◽  
Eva Mlyneková ◽  
Tomáš Kanka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Index Value

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of environmental housing conditions on the milk yield of dairy cows. Measurements were taken in the summer period from June to September 2020 and in the winter period during January 2021 on a large-capacity farm of Holstein Friesian cattle. Cows were housed in free stall barn with the lying boxes and selected during the second or third lactations, in the summer period from the 51st day to the 135th day and in the winter period from the 64th day to the 120th day of lactation. The average temperature in the housing was 23 °C in summer, and 7.05 °C in winter. The average THI (thermal humidity index) value in summer was 70.43, but during the day the THI values sometimes reached 75. The dairy cows were therefore exposed to heat stress during summer. Increasing THI and temperature values negatively affected the milk yield, as there was a negative correlation between both THI and milk yield (r = -0.641; p <0.01) and temperature and milk yield (r = -0.637; p <0.01). Milk production in winter was at 58.77 kg per day and in summer at 49.55 kg per day. In the summer, the milk had a significantly lower content of fat (p <0.05), proteins (p <0.001), lactose (p <0.001), minerals (p <0.001) and conversely, a higher number of somatic cells (p <0.01). These results show that worse environmental conditions during the summer negatively affected the level of milk yield and the composition of the cows’ milk.

THE USE OF THE DRUG «JODЕS» TO REDUCE BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION OF EGGS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
P. V. Kulach ◽  
◽  
I. D. Kirpichev ◽  
M. I. Shopinskaya ◽  
I. M. Nityaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Shell Surface ◽  
Poultry Eggs ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Full Immersion ◽  
Small Scale Irrigation ◽  
Significant Concentration

In conditions of modern industrial poultry eggs are often contaminated with enteropathogens, on the surface of the shell there are such microbes as Salmonella, staphylococci and streptococci, intestinal and Pseudomonas aeruginosa sticks, Proteus, fungi, etc. Most industrial poultry farms are integrated enterprises operating on the principle of «vertical communication », which is characterized by significant concentration of poultry in limited areas, this in turn leads to sharp increasing of number of microorganisms on the egg surface, as well as an increase of their pathogenicity. The search for new effective and cost-safe drugs that meet all modern requirements is an actual and economically justified scientific direction. The aim of the present research was to develop effective modes and technologies of disinfection of eggs shell surface by preparation «Jodеs». As a result of the conducted research, high contamination of the shell by microflora, including CGB and mold fungi, was established. The regimes and technology of disinfection of eggs using the disinfectant «Jodеs» in 1% concentration were developed: with small – scale irrigation (wet disinfection method) – exposure for 3 hours; and full immersion for few seconds. It is established that the drug «Jodеs» in 1% concentration effectively sanitize the surface of the shell. Using this drug and compliance with its application can achieve protection of poultry from unwanted microflora.

scholarly journals Dispersal of invasive species by drifting

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 818-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Van Riel ◽  
G. Van Der Velde ◽  
A. Bij De Vaate
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Aquatic Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
River Rhine ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Diel Patterns ◽  
Dispersal Mechanism ◽  
Dispersal Vectors

Abstract Drifting can be an effective way for aquatic organisms to disperse and colonise new areas. Increasing connectivity between European large rivers facilitates invasion by drifting aquatic macroinvertebrates. The present study shows that high abundances of invasive species drift in the headstream of the river Rhine. Dikerogammarus villosus and Chelicorophium curvispinum represented up to 90% of the total of drifting macroinvertebrates. Drift activity shows seasonal and diel patterns. Most species started drifting in spring and were most abundant in the water column during the summer period. Drift activity was very low during the winter period. Diel patterns were apparent; most species, including D. villosus, drifted during the night. Drifting macroinvertebrates colonised stony substrate directly from the water column. D. villosus generally colonised the substrate at night, while higher numbers of C. curvispinum colonised the substrate during the day. It is very likely that drifting functions as a dispersal mechanism for crustacean invaders. Once waterways are connected, these species are no longer necessarily dependent on dispersal vectors other than drift for extending their distribution range.

scholarly journals Design and monitoring of energy-active facade module

2020 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 24005
Author(s):  
Nikola Pokorny ◽  
Tomas Matuska ◽  
Vladimir Jirka ◽  
Borivoj Sourek
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
Term Monitoring

Testing of two facade modules under outdoor climatic conditions of Central Europe has been performed for more than two years. The paper analyses the results of long-term monitoring and shows potential benefits of prismatic glazing and photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) collectors integrated into one component. The prismatic glazing reflects beam radiation during summer period and transmits it during the winter period. During summer month solar irradiation transmitted through the prismatic glazing can be about 44 % lower compared to conventional triple glazing. Glazed PVT collector generates heat and electricity simultaneously. PVT collector integrated in the façade module can achieve solar yield during summer 58 kWh/m2.month in heat and 6,3 kWh/m2.month in electricity.

scholarly journals The Halloween effect on the agricultural commodities markets

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 441-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arendas Peter
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Asset Returns ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Agricultural Commodities ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Price Series ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Halloween Effect ◽  
Commodities Markets

The financial markets are impacted by various seasonal anomalies. One of the best known of them is the Halloween effect. The Halloween effect means that the summer period (May–October) asset returns are lower compared to the winter period (November–April) asset returns. In the paper, price series of 20 major agricultural commodities over the 1980–2015-time period are tested for the presence of the Halloween effect. The data show that 15 out of the 20 commodities recorded a higher average winter period than summer period returns and in 10 cases, the differences are statistically significant. The data also show that out of the 5 commodities with higher summer period returns, only in the case of poultry the differences are statistically significant.  

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