Effect of 8 weeks of Aerobic Training on Genes Expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor HIF-1α, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Angiostatin in Hippocampus of Male Rats with Wistar Model

Introduction: Many studies have been done about the effects of exercise on angiogenic inhibitor and stimulator factors in muscles, but few studies have examined the role of these factors in the brain especially the hippocampus. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic training on gene expression of HIF-1α, VEGF and angiostatin in hippocampus of male rats. Methods: 18 adult male Wistar rats (190±10 gr) were randomly divided into 3 groups: control, sham and aerobic training. Ratsin the training group performed 8 weeks of aerobic training (5 sessions per week) on a treadmill. 24 hours after the last session of exercise, rats were decapitated and the hippocampus were carefully removed and rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen, then stored at -80°C for further analysis. Real-Time-PCR method was used to measure the expression of genes in the hippocampus. The data were analyzed by SPSS 18 software. Comparisons between groups were performed by one-way ANOVA and followed by post-hoc analysis Tukey test. All statistically significant was set at P<0.05. Results: The results showed aerobic training significantly increased mRNA levels of HIF-1α (P=0.001) and VEGF (P=0.001), but there was no significant difference in the mRNA levels of angiostatin (P=0.316). Conclusion: According to the results of this study and changes in the levels of HIF-1α and VEGF, it seems aerobic training has helpful effects on brain especially on the hippocampus and this type of training is recommended for individuals.

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The Effect of a Detraining After Resistance Training on the Histochemical Expression of Potassium Channels and Mitochondrial Biogenesis of Heart Tissue in Male Rats

Quarterly of Horizon of Medical Sciences ◽

10.32598/hms.27.2.3361.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 230-245

Author(s):

Fatemeh Ahmadi ◽

◽

Marefat Siahkouhian ◽

Shadmehr Mirdar ◽

Leily Tapak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Potassium Channels ◽

Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽

Training Group ◽

Heart Tissue ◽

Male Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Lack Of Exercise ◽

Post Hoc

Aims: Detraining may affect cardiovascular adaptations. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of a detraining period followed by resistance training on immunohistochemical expression of ATP-sensitive potassium channels and mitochondrial biogenesis of heart tissue in male rats. Methods & Materials: The present study was experimental. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (control, control-detraining, resistance training, and resistance-detraining training). The control group was sacrificed at the beginning of the study, and the control-detraining group did not exercise for 11 weeks. The resistance training group performed eight weeks of training. The resistance-detraining group did not train for three weeks after training. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test were used for statistical analysis. Findings: The expression of KIR6.2, SUR2a, PGC1α, and TFAM in the heart tissue of the control-detraining group was significantly lower than those in the resistance training group (P=0.001). Also, they were significantly higher in the resistance training group compared to those in the resistance-detraining group (P=0.001). PGC1α expression in the resistance-detraining group was higher than in the control-detraining group (P=0.001). Conclusion: Resistance training increases PGC1α and TFAM in the heart tissue of rats by increasing the expression of KIR6.2 and SUR2a. But lack of exercise reduces the expression of potassium channels and factors that increase mitochondrial biogenesis.

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The relationship between the expression of PLIN3 and PLIN5 protein flowing endurance training in streptozotocin rats

Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences ◽

10.34172/jsums.2019.34 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 194-199

Author(s):

Mahdi Ghafari ◽

Ebrahim Banitalebi ◽

Mohamad Faramarzi

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Endurance Training ◽

High Intensity ◽

Training Group ◽

Control Group ◽

High Intensity Training ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Hoc ◽

The Relationship ◽

Intensity Training

Background and aims: Intermuscular lipolysis disorder plays an important role in insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus and perilipin PLIN5 and PLIN3 are the key proteins in regulating muscle cellular lipolysis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the expression of PLIN3 and PLIN5 protein following endurance training in streptozotocin (STZ) rats. Methods: A number of 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into low endurance training group (n = 8), high-intensity training group (n = 8), and control group (n = 8). Diabetes was induced in every rat by STZ injection. Three days after injection, the blood samples were taken from the cut tip of the tails of the mice and animals with blood glucose greater than 300 mg/dL were considered diabetic. The training program included eight weeks of aerobic training at different intensities. Training in high- and low-intensity groups included 22-25 and 5-8 m/min of training. Finally, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and correlation was used to determine the significance of the differences between variables, followed by utilizing Tukey’s post-hoc test for significance. Results: The comparison between the groups by ANOVA showed significant differences in PLIN3 (P=0.0006) and PLIN5 (P=0.012). The results of Tukey post hoc test also demonstrated a statistical difference between the mean values of diabetic control group and high-intensity endurance group regarding PLIN3 (P=0.01) and PLIN5 (P=0.009), but no significant increase was observed in the lowintensity exercise group as compared to the control group (PLIN3, P=0.067 & PLIN5, P=0.44). As regards insulin resistance, there was a significant difference among the three groups (P=0.0001). Eventually, the result of the correlation between PLIN3 and PLIN5 showed similar enhancement by increasing the intensity (P=0.0026). Conclusion: According to research results, high-intensity endurance training increased the expression of PLIN3 and PLIN5 in diabetic specimens and PLIN3 and PLIN5 followed a similar increase pattern in high-intensity training

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Efektivitas Ekstrak Teh Hijau (Camellia sinensis L.) terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) yang diInduksi Aloksan

Jurnal Sehat Mandiri ◽

10.33761/jsm.v15i1.194 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 86-97

Author(s):

Hafshah . ◽

Kristina Simanjuntak

Keyword(s):

Green Tea ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

White Male ◽

Green Tea Extract ◽

Male Rats ◽

Test Results ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Bonferroni Test ◽

Tea Extract ◽

Post Hoc

The sufferers of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in Indonesia is the highest with fourth number in the world, with a mortality rate of 1.2 million in 2012. Because of it, DM research using antihyperglycemic green tea is needed. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of green tea extracts on decreasing fasting blood glucose (KGDP) levels in alloxan-induced white male Wistar rats. Samples were 30 male rats, aged 8-12 weeks, weight ± 200 grams. Rats were grouped into 6 groups with the first group (K1) as a control, the second group (K2) induced alloxan, the third group (K3) induced alloxan with glibenclamide, the fourth group (K4), the fifth group (K5), and the sixth group (K6) induced alloxan with green tea extract as the treatment with dose of green tea extract, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 800 mg/kg. The first, FBG level examination is done 3 days after induction of alloxan using a glucometer. Giving green tea extract was given for 16 days orally, then FBG level re-examined from the tail of rats. One Way ANOVA Test Results, there is the effectiveness of green tea extract on reducing FBG level (p = 0,000). The post hoc Bonferroni test showed that giving 800 mg/kg of green tea extract was the best dose in reducing KGDP close to normal (p = 0,000).

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Reproductive toxicity of manganese dioxide in forms of micro- and nanoparticles in male rats

International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine ◽

10.18502/ijrm.v17i5.4603 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Narges Yousefalizadegan ◽

Zahra Mousavi ◽

Tayebeh Rastegar ◽

Yasaman Razavi ◽

Parvaneh Najafizadeh

Keyword(s):

Manganese Dioxide ◽

Reproductive Toxicity ◽

Male Rats ◽

Vehicle Group ◽

Left Testicle ◽

Mno2 Nanoparticles ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Chronic Injection ◽

Stimulating Factor

Background: Manganese Dioxide (MnO2) has long been used in industry, and its application has recently been increasing in the form of nanoparticle. Objective: The present study was an attempt to assess the effects of MnO2 nanoparticles on spermatogenesis in male rats. Materials and Methods: Micro- and nanoparticles of MnO2 were injected (100 mg/kg) subcutaneously to male Wistar rats (150 ± 20 gr) once a week for a period of 4 weeks, and the vehicle group received only normal saline (each group included 8 rats). The effect of these particles on the bodyweight, number of sperms, spermatogonia, spermatocytes, diameter of seminiferous tubes, testosterone, estrogen, follicle stimulating factor, and the motility of sperms were evaluated and then compared among the control and vehicle groups as the criteria for spermatogenesis. Results: The results showed that a chronic injection of MnO2 nanoparticles caused a significant decrease in the number of sperms, spermatogonia, spermatocytes, diameter of seminiferous tubes (p < 0.001) and in the motility of sperms. However, no significant difference was observed in the weight of prostate, epididymis, left testicle, estradiol (p = 0.8) and testosterone hormone (p = 0.2). Conclusion: It seems that the high oxidative power of both particles was the main reason for the disturbances in the function of the testis. It is also concluded that these particles may have a potential reproductive toxicity in adult male rats. Further studies are thus needed to determine its mechanism of action upon spermatogenesis.

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Comparing the Antinociceptive Effects of Methamphetamine, Buprenorphine, or Both After Chronic Treatment and Withdrawal in Male Rats

Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Journal ◽

10.32598/bcn.10.4.290.5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 313-322

Author(s):

Farshid Etaee ◽

◽

Arezoo Rezvani-Kamran ◽

Mohammad Taheri ◽

Ghazaleh Omidi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pain Perception ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Male Rats ◽

Tail Flick ◽

Hot Plate ◽

Analgesic Effects ◽

Antinociceptive Effects ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Post Hoc

Introduction: Methamphetamine (Meth) and Buprenorphine (BUP) modulate pain perception. However, the antinociceptive effects of their interactions, which affect through different systems, are unclear in rats. This study aimed to compare the analgesic effects of Meth, BUP, and their coadministration, as well as the effect of withdrawal from these substances on nociception in male rats. Methods: In this experiment, 40 male Wistar rats (weight: 250-300 g) were categorized into four groups: control, Meth, BUP, or BUP+Meth. After seven days of treatments, the antinociceptive effects were assessed using the hot plate and the tail flick tests. The differences among the groups were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc tests. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Meth and BUP increased the reaction times during the hot plate and tail flick tests. The combination of Meth and BUP increased reaction time more than Meth or BUP alone. Conclusion: The significantly high reaction times in rats treated with Meth and BUP indicate that these substances have antinociceptive effects. In addition, Meth enhanced the antinociceptive effects of BUP. These synergistic effects might occur through the dopaminergic, serotonergic, and or adrenergic systems.

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Benefits of aerobic training in girls with precocious puberty: involvement of CRP and cortisol

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2018-0484 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (9) ◽

pp. 1005-1011 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ali Heidarianpour ◽

Elnaz Shokri ◽

Tayebe Baghian ◽

Behnaz Shokri

Keyword(s):

Precocious Puberty ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Aerobic Training ◽

Training Session ◽

Training Group ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cortisol Levels ◽

Serum Crp

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of aerobic training, 4 weeks of detraining and use gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) on serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and cortisol levels in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP). Methods Forty-five girls (aged 6–8 years) with precocious puberty were randomly divided into three groups (medication, training and medicine + training groups). Fifteen healthy girls (without precocious puberty) were also included as the control group. Serum CRP and cortisol levels were measured at baseline by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Then, the experimental groups performed an aerobic training program for 3 days/week 20–75 min per day at 45–75% maximum heart rate for 12 weeks. The medication groups also received GnRHa during the study, once a month (1 mL every 4 weeks) by intramuscular injection. Serum CRP and cortisol levels were measured again 48 h after the last training session and also after 4 weeks of detraining. Results Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures showed a significant decrease in CRP (p = 0.02) and cortisol levels (p = 0.01) in the training group and the medicine + training group. Detraining led to return of CRP and cortisol levels to the pre-training levels (p = 0.001). No significant difference in serum CRP (p = 0.43) and cortisol levels (p = 0.06) was observed in the medication group. Further, no significant difference was observed between groups in CRP and cortisol. Conclusions Long-term regular moderate training decreases inflammation indices, and detraining eliminates the benefits of training in girls with precocious puberty.

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Prepubertal male rats with high rates of germ-cell apoptosis present exacerbated rates of germ-cell apoptosis after serotonin depletion

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rd13382 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 806 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Néstor Méndez Palacios ◽

María Elena Ayala Escobar ◽

Maximino Méndez Mendoza ◽

Rubén Huerta Crispín ◽

Octavio Guerrero Andrade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Germ Cell ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Cell Apoptosis ◽

Differential Sensitivity ◽

Male Rats ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Germ Cell Apoptosis ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Prepubertal Rats

Male germ-cell apoptosis occurs naturally and can be increased by exposure to drugs and toxic chemicals. Individuals may have different rates of apoptosis and are likely to also exhibit differential sensitivity to outside influences. Previously, we reported that p-chloroamphetamine (pCA), a substance that inhibits serotonin synthesis, induced germ-cell apoptosis in prepubertal male rats. Here, we identified prepubertal rats with naturally high or low rates of germ-cell apoptosis and evaluated gene expression in both groups. Bax and Shbg mRNA levels were higher in rats with high rates of germ-cell apoptosis. Rats were then treated with pCA and the neuro-hormonal response and gene expression were evaluated. Treatment with pCA induced a reduction in serotonin concentrations but levels of sex hormones and gonadotrophins were not changed. Rats with initially high rates of germ-cell apoptosis had even higher rates of germ-cell apoptosis after treatment with pCA. In rats with high rates of germ-cell apoptosis Bax mRNA expression remained high after treatment with pCA. On the basis of category, an inverse relationship between mRNA expression of Bax and Bcl2, Bax and AR and Bax and Hsd3b2 was found. Here we provide evidence that innate levels of germ-cell apoptosis could be explained by the level of mRNA expression of genes involved with apoptosis and spermatogenesis.

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Effect of 6 Weeks of Aerobic Training with Nanocurcumin Consumption on IL1β, Nitric Oxide, and Depression in Women with Metabolic Syndrome

10.21203/rs.3.rs-429806/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ali Osali ◽

Alireza Rostami

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Aerobic Training ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Training Group ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Obese People ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After

Abstract Backgrounds and ObjectivesThe use of anti-inflammatory supplements is important in improving the executive function of obese people. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of aerobic exercise with moderate intensity and consumption of nanocurcumin on IL1β, nitric oxide, and depression in women aged 60-65 with metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods44 women with metabolic syndrome (MetS) were randomly selected and divided into four groups of 10, including MetS exercise+ Curcumin (MECU), MetS exercise (ME), MetS NanoCurcumin (MCU), MetS control (MC Training groups performed an exercise protocol of aerobic exercise for 6 weeks (three sessions per week). Blood samples were obtained before and after the training period for antioxidant indicators and lipid degradation measurement. Also, the Beck anxiety questionnaire was used for evaluating levels of anxiety. T-test and one-way analysis of variance were used for the evaluation of within-group and between-group differences, respectively.ResultsThere was a significant difference in IL1β, nitric oxide (NO), and depression before and after exercise in all three experimental groups (p≤0.05). Also, the results showed a significant difference in the level of NO and depression in the research groups. The highest decrease in these variables was observed in the aerobic training group and training with nanocurcumin consumption group (p≤0.05).ConclusionThese findings indicated that six-week nanocurcumin supplementation with aerobic training is a suitable method for reducing IL1β and NO and depression, preventing metabolic, cardiovascular, and inflammatory diseases in women with metabolic syndrome.Name of the registry: IR.SEMUMS.REC.1396.107Trial registration number: IRCT2017082335857N1

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Interaction Between Acute Exercise and Carnitine Supplementation on the Expression of Genes Involved in Liver Metabolism in Male Rats

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry ◽

10.33263/briac124.43484356 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 4348-4356

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Acute Exercise ◽

Liver Metabolism ◽

Male Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Carnitine Supplementation ◽

Serum Factors ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Male Wistar Rats

Acute exercise induces rapid and dramatic induction of transcription in the liver. The beneficial effects of carnitine on serum factors and gene expression have been proven. This study examined the interaction between acute exercise and carnitine supplementation on the expression of genes involved in liver metabolism. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups (n = 8): Group 1 control, Group 2 received 200 mg/kg/day LCAR, Group 3 performed acute exercise, and Group 4 received LCAR and performed acute exercise. Gene expression in the liver was evaluated by Real-time PCR. Acute exercise significantly increased PDK4 expression compared to other groups. Also, carnitine administration, performing an acute exercise, and combination of LCAR-Acute significantly increased AMPK and PGC-1a expression compared with the control group. The expression of SREBP-1c and SCD1 was not significantly changed between studies. The combination of acute exercise and carnitine administration increased PGC-1a expression, indicating the importance of carnitine with exercise as a beneficial supplement.

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ANTIHYPERCHOLESTROLEMIC ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) ON HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC MODELLING WISTAR MALE RATS

Majalah Obat Tradisional ◽

10.22146/tradmedj.24319 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

Bary Azhari ◽

Sri Luliana ◽

Robiyanto Robiyanto

Keyword(s):

Total Cholesterol ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Negative Control ◽

Male Rats ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

Optimal Dosage ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Pap Method

Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) has antihypercholesterolemic activity. This study aims to determine antihypercholesterolemic potential, optimal dosage and effect of water extracts of Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn) on the index of rat organs. Test animals used were male Wistar rats, divided into 4 groups: normal control, negative control, positive conrol (simvastatin 0.18 mg/kg), and the aqueous extracts of fruit Belimbing wuluh dose of 63 mg/kg. The parameter which was measured in this study were total cholesterol levels which obtained using CHOD-PAP method, the weight of rats for 50 days, and organ indexes. Those parameters were further tested with One Way ANOVA. In parameter decrease blood cholesterol levels of rats between groups positive and group aqueous extract of the fruit starfruit dose of 63 mg/kg did not experience a statistically significant difference. Meanwhile, the group aqueous extract of the fruit starfruit dose 63 mg/kg and a negative control experiencing significant difference (p<0.05). Conclusion, aqueous extract of the fruit starfruit dose of 63 mg/kg had the effect antihypercholesterolemic seen from the decrease in total cholesterol levels from day 30 and day 50, as well as statistically significant different from the negative control, and can affect the index spleen and pancreas but does not affect the index of the kidneys, liver, heart, and lungs.

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